the formation of the club originated in 1941. tweed had a study club which included few orthodontists such as sam lewis, copeland shelden, robert h. w. strang, cecil c. steiner, william b. downs, herbert i. margolis, paul lewis and hayes nance. the group initially met in 1941 and 1942, and due to world war ii resumed their meetings in 1946. during the 1946 meeting, tweed's study group decided to established the charles h. tweed foundation for orthodontic research.