this medical specialty consists of well trained doctors who recognize and treat medical conditions associated with the eyes. some common complaints they see include red eye, eye pain, visual changes and trauma. they deal with many eye diseases including conjunctivitis, iritis, blepharitis, hordeolum, chalazion, glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration, retinal detachments, papilloedema, central retinary artery occlusion. they are trained to perform surgery.