the roots of the dravidar kazhagam lie in the self-respect movement and justice party, founded by periyar e. v. ramasamy. periyar formed the self-respect movement in 1925, breaking in the process from the indian national congress party, of which he had been a member until then. the justice party, formed in 1916, also claimed to promote similar interests. the two entities merged in 1938 under periyar's leadership. the name was changed to dravidar kazhagam in 1944.