the study of cities has changed dramatically from the 1800s over time, with new frames of analysis being applied to the development of urban areas. the first college programs were created to observe how cities were developed based on anthropological research of ghetto communities. in the mid-1900's, urban study programs expanded beyond just looking at the current and historical impacts of city design and began studying how those designs impacted the future interactions of people and how to improve city development through architecture, open spaces, the interactions of people, and different types of capital that forms a community.