adelaide of austria (adelheid franziska marie rainera elisabeth clotilde; 3 june 1822 – 20 january 1855) was the first wife of victor emmanuel ii of sardinia, future king of italy. she was the mother of eight children including the future umberto i of italy. she was the queen of sardinia from 1849 until 1855 when she died as a result of childbirth. the present italian pretender is her direct great great grandson.