abd al-aziz constructed in hulwan a mosque, a number of churches (see below) and palaces, and planted there vineyards and palm trees. he erected a nilometer in the new city, although it was replaced by the nilometer built on the nile river island of al-rawda in 715. hulwan was well known for the glass pavilions patronized by the governor and an artificial lake fed by an aqueduct. the city's prosperity under abd al-aziz was praised by the poet ubayd allah ibn qays al-ruqayyat.