piedmontese has been in use since the 12th century. there are poems and literature, starting from the 16th century. in the 15th or 16th century, local authorities switched to the italian language, which is based on the dialects of tuscany. when the italian state was founded in 1861, italian was chosen as a national language. with urbanization, and mass media, piedmontese was a loser again, italian was more popular, and could reach more people.