the social discipline window also defines restorative practices as a leadership model for parents in families, teachers in classrooms, administrators and managers in organizations, police and social workers in communities and judges and officials in government. the fundamental unifying hypothesis of restorative practices is that “people are happier, more cooperative and productive, and more likely to make positive changes when those in positions of authority do things "with" them, rather than "to" them or "for" them.” this hypothesis maintains that the punitive and authoritarian "to" mode and the permissive and paternalistic "for" mode are not as effective as the restorative, participatory, engaging "with" mode.