so you get, if you like, a development here er of presidential authority and the perception of the presidency both from the point of view of incumbents and from the point of view of the american people  and gradually in the twentieth century you get an increasing focus  an increasing focus on the presidency as the engine of government, that it's the president who makes things happen, it's the president who fixes things, it's the president who responds to crises  and as the crises become more frequent and the crises become more intense so the focus on the president also expands  and the buchanan view is now no longer tenable, the buchanan view  it's not possible for any president to play the dignified monarch.