the ibāḍī believe that the fifth legitimate caliph was abdullah ibn wahb al-rasibi. all caliphs from muˤāwiyya onwards are regarded as tyrants except umar ibn abdul aziz on whom opinions differ. however, various later ibāḍī leaders are recognized as true imāms, including abdullah ibn yahya al-kindi of south arabia and the imāms of the rustamid dynasty in north africa.