gender roles are important in the film. it is after world war ii and women were changing roles in society. in the film, male characters are no longer heroes. hitchcock switches the roles of men and women. for instance, thorwald murders his wife. jeff is injured, his camera is destroyed, and he cannot walk. detective doyle cannot find evidence. meanwhile, lisa and stella are the only ones who can investigate. gender roles connect to marriage. jeff talks about marriage on the phone. he analyzes lisa a lot and is not ready to marry her. at one point, jeff and lisa argue. jeff thinks that lisa could not stand jeff's lifestyle as a photographer. stella says that people in the past just fell in love and that now they study each other like samples in a bottle. this type of marriage connects to the other themes of loneliness and surveillance. the couples are not just loving each other, but objectively studying each other. they are distant from each other and must constantly watch each other. jeff, for example, watches lisa. marriage appears in other places. there is a newly married couple. lisa gets the wedding ring of thorwald's wife. the wedding ring is symbolic for marriage and is a form of situational irony. lisa wants to marry jeff, but she ends up with the wedding ring of thorwald's wife.