in 1926, universal also opened a production unit in germany, deutsche universal-film ag, under the direction of joe pasternak. this unit produced 3–4 movies per year until 1936, migrating to hungary and then austria in the face of hitler's increasing domination of central europe. with movies being able to have sound (those movies were called "talkies"), these productions were made in the german language or, sometimes, hungarian or polish. in the usa, universal pictures did not distribute any of this subsidiary's movies, but at least some of them were exhibited through other, independent, foreign-language movie distributors based in new york, without benefit of english subtitles. nazi persecution and a change in ownership for the parent universal pictures organization resulted in the dissolution of this part of the company.