on 1 december 2009, beijing police transferred liu's case to the procuratorate for investigation and processing; on 10 december, the procuratorate formally indicted liu on charges of "inciting subversion of state power" and sent his lawyers, shang baojun and ding xikui, the indictment document. he was tried at beijing no. 1 intermediate court on 23 december 2009. his wife was not permitted to watch the trial, but his brother-in-law was there. diplomats from more than 12 countries – including the u.s., britain, canada, sweden, australia and new zealand – were not allowed in the court. they could not watch the trial. some diplomats stood outside the court during the whole trial. gregory may, political officer at the u.s. embassy, and nicholas weeks, first secretary of the swedish embassy were among the diplomats who waited outside.