modern art begins with the heritage of painters like vincent van gogh, paul cézanne, paul gauguin, georges seurat and henri de toulouse-lautrec all of whom were essential for the development of modern art. at the beginning of the 20th century henri matisse and several other young artists including the pre-cubist georges braque, andré derain, raoul dufy and maurice de vlaminck revolutionized the paris art world with 'wild', multi-colored, expressive, landscapes and figure paintings that the critics called fauvism.