Pablo Neruda published his first  collection of poems at age 19. He went on to win the Nobel Prize  in Literature— and also rescue 2,000 refugees, spend three years in political exile, and run for president of Chile. A romantic and a revolutionary, Neruda was one of the most celebrated  poets of the 20th century, but also one of the most accessible and controversial. Originally written in Spanish, his poems often use straightforward  language and everyday experience to create lasting impact. Neruda was born Ricardo Eliezer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto in a small Chilean town in 1904. His father didn’t want him to be a poet, so at sixteen he began to write under  the pen name “Pablo Neruda.” The poems in his early collection "Twenty  Love Poems and a Song of Despair" were tender and perceptive, illuminating the subtleties  of love and enchantment. In "Poem VI," for example, he writes: “Tu recuerdo es de luz, de humo, de  estanque en calma!/ Más allá de tus ojos ardían  los crepúsculos.” Later, he poured this attention to detail into poems of appreciation for everyday objects. Many of the 225 short poems in his  collection "All the Odes" are dedicated to the assortment of small, apparently insignificant items  that surround us, from a pair of shoelaces to a watermelon. An onion is más hermosa que un ave/ de plumas cegadoras, while a tuna in the market is a bala  del profundo/ océano, proyectil natatorio,  te vi, muerto. Despite this early literary success, Neruda struggled financially, and took a series of diplomatic jobs  in places such as Burma, Indonesia, Singapore and Spain. In 1936, while Neruda was working at the consulate in Madrid, civil war broke out and the government was overthrown  by a fascist military dictatorship. Neruda organized an evacuation of  refugees from Spain to Chile, saving 2,000 lives. Over a period of twenty years, Neruda captured his experiences abroad in a three volume poetry collection titled "Residence on Earth." Many of these poems were experimental  and surreal, merging epic landscapes,  supernatural themes, and feelings of longing with discussion of political strife and a poet’s responsibility to  speak out against injustice. In “I Explain a Few Things” he lingers on haunting details of the  destruction of the Spanish Civil War. For the rest of his life, Neruda remained committed to  revolutionary ideals. His politics led to several years of exile before he was able to return  to Chile in 1952. While in exile, he published his influential  "Canto General." The book attempts to retell the entire  history of Latin America through poetry, touching on everything  from its flora and fauna to its politics and wars, but above all paying homage  to the common people behind its civilizations’ achievements. Although he continued to travel, after returning from exile Neruda lived in Chile for the  rest of his life. In 1970, at age 66, Neruda ran for president of Chile before yielding to Salvador Allende and becoming his close advisor. But in 1973, Allende was overthrown in a  military coup by General Augusto Pinochet. Neruda died in the hospital  a couple of weeks later. Because of the timing of his death  so soon after the coup, rumors swirled that he had died of sadness or even been assassinated, but the hospital recorded his cause  of death as cancer. Today, Neruda’s lines are recited at  protests and marches worldwide. Much like his life, Neruda’s poems bridged romance and revolution by emphasizing the everyday moments  worth fighting for.