Legal Matters The Company is involved in various claims, suits, assessments, investigations, and legal proceedings that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of its business, including those identified below, consisting of matters involving consumer, antitrust, tax, intellectual property, and other issues on a global basis. The Company accrues a liability when it believes that it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and that it can reasonably estimate the amount of the loss. The Company reviews these accruals at least quarterly and adjusts them to reflect ongoing negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other relevant information. To the extent new information is obtained and the Companys views on the probable outcomes of claims, suits, assessments, investigations, or legal proceedings change, changes in the Companys accrued liabilities would be recorded in the period in which such a determination is made. For some matters, the amount of liability is not probable or the amount cannot be reasonably estimated and therefore accruals have not been made. The following is a discussion of the Companys significant legal matters and other proceedings: Securities Litigation  On May 21, 2014, a securities class action seeking compensatory damages was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, captioned City of Pontiac General Employees Retirement System v. Dell Inc., et. al. (Case No. 1:14-cv-03644). The action names as defendants Dell Inc. (Dell) and certain current and former executive officers, and alleges that Dell made false and misleading statements about Dells financial results and future prospects between February 21, 2012 and May 22, 2012, which resulted in artificially inflated stock prices. The case was transferred to the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas under the same caption (Case No. 1:15-cv-00374), where the defendants filed a motion to dismiss. On September 16, 2016, the Court denied the motion to dismiss. On March 29, 2018, the Court granted the plaintiffs motion for class certification, and certified a class consisting of all purchasers of Dell common stock between February 22, 2012 and May 22, 2012. Fact and expert discovery is now closed. Dell filed a motion for summary judgment on February 18, 2019, which is pending before the Court. The parties have been engaged in settlement discussions and have agreed to an immaterial settlement amount pending the Courts preliminary approval in the next few months. Class Actions Related to the Class V Transaction  Four purported stockholders brought putative class action complaints arising out of the Class V transaction described in Note 14 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements . The actions were captioned Hallandale Beach Police and Fire Retirement Plan v. Michael Dell et al. (Civil Action No. 2018-0816-JTL), Howard Karp v. Michael Dell et al. (Civil Action No. 2019-0032-JTL), Miramar Police Officers Retirement Plan v. Michael Dell et al. (Civil Action No. 2019-0049-JTL), and Steamfitters Local 449 Pension Plan v. Michael Dell et al. (Civil Action No. 2019-0115-JTL). The four actions were consolidated into In Re Dell Class V Litigation (Consol. C.A. No. 2018-0816-JTL), which names as defendants the Companys board of directors and certain stockholders of the Company, including Michael S. Dell. The plaintiffs generally allege that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties to the former holders of Class V Common Stock in connection with the Class V transaction by allegedly causing the Company to enter into a transaction that favored the interests of the controlling stockholders at the expense of such former stockholders. The plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on August 9, 2019 making substantially similar allegations as described above. The defendants intend to file a motion to dismiss the action, which will be due on September 30, 2019. Copyright Levies  The Company is involved in various proceedings and negotiations regarding Dells obligation to collect and remit copyright levies in certain European Union (EU) countries. The Company continues to collect levies in EU countries where it has determined that local laws require payment. The Company, along with other companies and/or industry associations, also continues to oppose levy schemes that do not comply with EU law. The Company does not currently anticipate that any of these matters will have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Other Litigation  The various legal proceedings in which Dell is involved include commercial and intellectual property litigation. Dell does not currently anticipate that any of these matters will have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. As of August 2, 2019 , the Company does not believe there is a reasonable possibility that a material loss exceeding the amounts already accrued for these or other proceedings or matters has been incurred. However, since the ultimate resolution of any such proceedings and matters is inherently unpredictable, the Companys business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows could be materially affected in any particular period by unfavorable outcomes in one or more of these proceedings or matters. Whether the outcome of any claim, suit, assessment, investigation, or legal proceeding, individually or collectively, could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows will depend on a number of variables, including the nature, timing, and amount of any associated expenses, amounts paid in settlement, damages, or other remedies or consequences. Indemnifications In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into contractual arrangements under which it may agree to indemnify the third party to such arrangements from any losses incurred relating to the services it performs on behalf of the Company or for losses arising from certain events as defined in the particular contract, such as litigation or claims relating to past performance. Such indemnification obligations may not be subject to maximum loss clauses. Historically, payments related to these indemnifications have not been material to the Company.