15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Contingencies From time to time, the Company may be involved in a variety of claims, suits, investigations and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, collections claims, breach of contract claims, labor and employment claims, tax and other matters. Although claims, suits, investigations and proceedings are inherently uncertain and their results cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company believes that the resolution of current pending matters will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial position, results of operations or cash flow. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on the Company because of legal costs, diversion of management resources and other factors. Commitments (a) On February 25, 2015, 1,753 common shares were issued to two former lenders connected with a $ 241,185 loan received and repaid during fiscal 2013. The common shares were valued at $ 210,323 based on the value of the concurrent private placement and recorded in stock-based compensation on the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. As part of the consideration for the initial loan, the Companys then-CTO and COO had transferred 2,098 common shares to the lenders. For contributing the common shares to the lenders, the Company intends to reimburse the former CTO and COO 2,134 common shares. As at March 31, 2019 these shares have not yet been issued. (b) On May 17, 2017, the Company entered into a Co-operative Joint Venture Contract (the JV Contract) with Ginger Capital Investment Holding, Ltd. (the JV Partner) to form China Bionik Medical Rehabilitation Technology Ltd. (China JV), in which the Company will have a 25% interest and the JV Partner 75 %. The China JV was formally established on receiving a business license on May 22, 2018. Under the terms of the JV Contract, the JV Partner is required to contribute $290,000 within 30 days of the date of establishment, $435,000 12 months later and $725,000, 60 months after the date of establishment. The Company is required to license certain intellectual property to the China JV. The Company is applying the equity method of accounting to the joint venture. As of March 31, 2019, the Company has provided certain technical information to the Chinese JV in order to obtain Chinese regulatory approvals. (c) In connection with the acquisition of IMT, the Company acquired a license agreement dated June 8, 2009, with a former director as a co- licenser, pursuant to which the Company pays the director and the co-licenser an aggregate royalty of 1 % of sales based on patent #8,613,691. No sales have been made, as the technology under this patent has not been commercialized. (d) The Company has committed to upgrading two robots previously sold to a customer to the newest version when released. As part of this transaction, the customer will enter into an extended warranty agreement that will be approximately equal to the manufacturing value of robots.