Commitments and Contingencies Environmental Matters The Companys operations involve the use, handling, processing, storage, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials. The Company is subject to extensive environmental regulation at the federal, state and local levels as well as foreign laws and regulations, and is therefore exposed to the risk of claims for environmental remediation or restoration. In addition, violations of environmental laws or permits may result in restrictions being imposed on operating activities, substantial fines, penalties, damages or other costs, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. The following table summarizes all probable environmental remediation, indemnification and restoration liabilities, including related legal expenses, at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 : Liability (1) Range of Reasonably Possible Costs at June 30, 2019 Site Description June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Low High Geismar, LA $ 13 $ 13 $ 9 $ 22 Superfund and offsite landfills  allocated share: Less than 1% 3 3 2 6 Equal to or greater than 1% 6 5 5 14 Currently-owned 5 6 4 11 Formerly-owned: Remediation 21 22 19 39 Monitoring only 1 1 1 4 Total $ 49 $ 50 $ 40 $ 96 (1) At June 30, 2019 , $43 is included in Liabilities subject to compromise in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. These amounts include estimates for unasserted claims that the Company believes are probable of loss and reasonably estimable. The estimate of the range of reasonably possible costs is less certain than the estimates upon which the liabilities are based. To establish the upper end of a range, assumptions less favorable to the Company among the range of reasonably possible outcomes were used. As with any estimate, if facts or circumstances change, the final outcome could differ materially from these estimates. At June 30, 2019 , $43 has been included in Liabilities subject to compromise in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, $5 has been included in Other current liabilities with the remaining amount included in Other long-term liabilities. At December 31, 2018 , $11 has been included in Other current liabilities in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, with the remaining amount included in Other long-term liabilities. Following is a discussion of the Companys environmental liabilities and the related assumptions at June 30, 2019 : Geismar, LA Site The Company formerly owned a basic chemicals and polyvinyl chloride business that was taken public as Borden Chemicals and Plastics Operating Limited Partnership (BCPOLP) in 1987. The Company retained a 1% interest, the general partner interest and the liability for certain environmental matters after BCPOLPs formation. Under a Settlement Agreement approved by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware among the Company, BCPOLP, the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality, the Company agreed to perform certain tasks related to BCPOLPs obligations for soil and groundwater contamination at BCPOLPs Geismar, Louisiana site. The Company bears the sole responsibility for these obligations because there are no other potentially responsible parties (PRP) or third parties from whom the Company could seek reimbursement. A groundwater pump and treat system to remove contaminants is operational, and natural attenuation studies are proceeding. If closure procedures and remediation systems prove to be inadequate, or if additional contamination is discovered, costs that would approach the higher end of the range of possible outcomes could result. Due to the long-term nature of the project, the reliability of timing and the ability to estimate remediation payments, a portion of this liability was recorded at its net present value, assuming a 3% discount rate and a time period of 20 years. The range of possible outcomes is discounted in a similar manner. The undiscounted liability, which is expected to be paid over the next 20 years , is approximately $16 . Over the next five years, the Company expects to make ratable payments totaling $5 . Superfund Sites and Offsite Landfills The Company is currently involved in environmental remediation activities at a number of sites for which it has been notified that it is, or may be, a PRP under the United States Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act or similar state superfund laws. The Company anticipates approximately 50% of the estimated liability for these sites will be paid within the next five years, with the remainder over the next twenty-five years. The Company generally does not bear a significant level of responsibility for these sites, and as a result, has little control over the costs and timing of cash flows. The Companys ultimate liability will depend on many factors including its share of waste volume, the financial viability of other PRPs, the remediation methods and technology used, the amount of time necessary to accomplish remediation and the availability of insurance coverage. The range of possible outcomes takes into account the maturity of each project, resulting in a more narrow range as the project progresses. To estimate both its current reserves for environmental remediation at these sites and the possible range of additional costs, the Company has not assumed that it will bear the entire cost of remediation of every site to the exclusion of other known PRPs who may be jointly and severally liable. The Company has limited information to assess the viability of other PRPs and their probable contribution on a per site basis. The Companys insurance provides very limited, if any, coverage for these environmental matters. Sites Under Current Ownership The Company is conducting environmental remediation at a number of locations that it currently owns, of which ten sites are no longer in operation. As the Company is performing a portion of the remediation on a voluntary basis, it has some control over the costs to be incurred and the timing of cash flows. The factors influencing the ultimate outcome include the methods of remediation elected, the conclusions and assessment of site studies remaining to be completed, and the time period required to complete the work. No other parties are responsible for remediation at these sites. Formerly-Owned Sites The Company is conducting, or has been identified as a PRP in connection with, environmental remediation at a number of locations that it formerly owned and/or operated. Remediation costs at these former sites, such as those associated with the Companys former phosphate mining and processing operations, could be material. The Company has accrued those costs for formerly-owned sites which are currently probable and reasonably estimable. One such site is the Coronet Industries, Inc. Superfund Alternative Site in Plant City, Florida. The current owner of the site alleged that it incurred environmental costs at the site for which it has a contribution claim against the Company, and that additional future costs are likely to be incurred. The Company signed a settlement agreement in 2016 with the current site owner and a past site owner, pursuant to which the Company paid $10 for past remediation costs and accepted a 40% allocable share of specified future remediation costs at this site. The Company estimates its allocable share of future remediation costs to be approximately $13 . The final costs to the Company will depend on natural variations in remediation cots, including unforeseen circumstances, agency requests, new contaminants of concern and the ongoing financial viability of the other PRPs. Monitoring Only Sites The Company is responsible for a number of sites that require monitoring where no additional remediation is expected. The Company has established reserves for costs related to these sites. Payment of these liabilities is anticipated to occur over the next ten or more years. The ultimate cost to the Company will be influenced by fluctuations in projected monitoring periods or by findings that are different than anticipated. Indemnifications In connection with the acquisition of certain of the Companys operating businesses, the Company has been indemnified by the sellers against certain liabilities of the acquired businesses, including liabilities relating to both known and unknown environmental contamination arising prior to the date of the purchase. The indemnifications may be subject to certain exceptions and limitations, deductibles and indemnity caps. While it is reasonably possible that some costs could be incurred, except for those sites identified above, the Company has inadequate information to allow it to estimate a potential range of liability, if any. Non-Environmental Legal Matters The Company is involved in various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business and had reserves of $2 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 for all non-environmental legal defense costs incurred and settlement costs that it believes are probable and estimable. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , $1 and $2 , respectively, have been included in Other current liabilities in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, with the remaining amount included in Other long-term liabilities. Other Legal Matters The Company is also involved in various product liability, commercial and employment litigation, personal injury, property damage and other legal proceedings, including actions that allege harm caused by products the Company has allegedly made or used, containing silica, vinyl chloride monomer and asbestos. The Company believes it has adequate reserves and that it is not reasonably possible that a loss exceeding amounts already reserved would be material. Furthermore, the Company has insurance to cover claims of these types.