Fact-Checking this Viral Bottle Trick

+30 year industrial maintenance man and life-long science nerd here, and I can attest that cavitation can be a real and significant problem in a lot more than boat propellers, beer bottles, and brain injuries.
It is a pretty big consideration when specifying pumps, of all types, for any liquid transfer systems.
A pump with too much suction for the liquid (the liquid being transferred, the expected temperature range of the liquid, and the vapor pressure of that liquid within those margins should really be considered) involved will determine the sizing of the pump and the piping leading to and from the pump. Any designed in restriction in either one of those will cause unnecessary cavitation which can spell an early demise for the pump - whether it is a centrifugal pump or a positive displacement pump.
This even comes into play every once in a while in speed controlled hydraulic systems, where restricting the flow of the fluid in some type of fluid filled cylinder without a properly sized orifice for the fluid involved can cause premature failure of the cylinder. In those situations, we typically restric the outflow of the fluid - not the inflow. That way, we keep a higher pressure on both sides which eliminates the possibility of cavitation which can damage the components of the system.

Cavitation is a HUGE concern in fluid dynamics engineering and design. It is nothing to be trifled with or suffered gladly.
Great video, BTW!