NOTE 8  Reportable Segments The Companys businesses are organized into the following segments: US Specialized Therapeutics, US General Medicine and International. In addition, certain revenues and shared costs, and the results of corporate initiatives, are managed outside of the three segments. The operating segments are organized as follows:  The US Specialized Therapeutics segment includes sales and expenses relating to branded products within the U.S., including Medical Aesthetics, Medical Dermatology through September 20, 2018, Eye Care and Neuroscience and Urology therapeutic products.  The US General Medicine segment includes sales and expenses relating to branded products within the U.S. that do not fall into the US Specialized Therapeutics business units, including Central Nervous System, Gastrointestinal, Womens Health, Anti-Infectives and Diversified Brands.  The International segment includes sales and expenses relating to products sold outside the U.S. The Company evaluates segment performance based on segment contribution. Segment contribution for our segments represents net revenues less cost of sales (defined below), selling and marketing expenses, and select general and administrative expenses. The Company does not evaluate the following items at the segment level:  Revenues and operating expenses within cost of sales, selling and marketing expenses, and general and administrative expenses that result from the impact of corporate initiatives. Corporate initiatives primarily include integration, restructuring, divestitures, acquisitions, certain milestones and other shared costs.  General and administrative expenses that result from shared infrastructure, including certain expenses located within the United States.  Other select revenues and operating expenses including R&amp;D expenses, amortization, IPR&amp;D impairments, goodwill impairments and asset sales and impairments, net as not all such information has been accounted for at the segment level, or such information has not been used by all segments.  Total assets including capital expenditures. The Company defines segment net revenues as product sales and other revenue derived from our products or licensing agreements. Cost of sales within segment contribution includes standard production and packaging costs for the products we manufacture, third party acquisition costs for products manufactured by others, profit-sharing or royalty payments for products sold pursuant to licensing agreements and finished goods inventory reserve charges. Cost of sales within segment contribution excludes non-standard production costs, such as non-finished goods inventory obsolescence charges, manufacturing variances and excess capacity utilization charges, where applicable. Cost of sales does not include amortization or impairment costs for acquired product rights or other acquired intangibles. Selling and marketing expenses consist mainly of personnel-related costs, product promotion costs, distribution costs, professional service costs, insurance, depreciation and travel costs. General and administrative expenses consist mainly of personnel-related costs, facilities costs, transaction costs, insurance, depreciation, litigation costs and professional services costs which are general in nature and attributable to the segment. Segment net revenues, segment operating expenses and segment contribution information consisted of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 ($ in millions): Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 US Specialized Therapeutics US General Medicine International Total Net revenues $ 1,542.9 $ 1,249.9 $ 801.5 $ 3,594.3 Operating expenses: Cost of sales (1) 120.1 190.5 109.7 420.3 Selling and marketing 356.8 210.5 237.6 804.9 General and administrative 54.6 43.8 25.7 124.1 Segment contribution $ 1,011.4 $ 805.1 $ 428.5 $ 2,245.0 Contribution margin 65.6 % 64.4 % 53.5 % 62.5 % Corporate (2) 258.0 Research and development 435.0 Amortization 1,399.4 Goodwill impairments 2,467.0 Asset sales and impairments, net (5.2 ) Operating (loss) $ (2,309.2 ) Operating margin (64.2 )% (1) Excludes amortization and impairment of acquired intangibles including product rights, as well as indirect cost of sales not attributable to segment results. (2) Corporate includes net revenues of $2.8 million. Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 US Specialized Therapeutics US General Medicine International Total Net revenues $ 1,578.6 $ 1,223.7 $ 864.0 $ 3,666.3 Operating expenses: Cost of sales (1) 134.2 182.6 120.9 437.7 Selling and marketing 313.2 225.5 245.7 784.4 General and administrative 50.2 38.9 31.4 120.5 Segment contribution $ 1,081.0 $ 776.7 $ 466.0 $ 2,323.7 Contribution margin 68.5 % 63.5 % 53.9 % 63.4 % Corporate (2) 270.3 Research and development 474.7 Amortization 1,697.6 In-process research and development impairments 522.0 Asset sales and impairments, net 13.1 Operating (loss) $ (654.0 ) Operating margin (17.8 )% (1) Excludes amortization and impairment of acquired intangibles including product rights, as well as indirect cost of sales not attributable to segment results. (2) Corporate includes net revenues of $5.8 million. The following table presents our net revenue disaggregated by geography for our international segment for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 ($ in millions): Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 2018 Europe $ 354.4 $ 398.4 Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa 250.7 240.8 Latin America and Canada 178.2 212.1 Other* 18.2 12.7 Total International $ 801.5 $ 864.0 * Includes royalty and other revenue The following tables present global net revenues for the top products greater than 10% of total revenues of the Company as well as a reconciliation of segment revenues to total net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 ($ in millions): Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 US Specialized Therapeutics US General Medicine International Total Botox  $ 627.1 $ - $ 241.3 $ 868.4 Juvederm  Collection 129.7 - 157.8 287.5 Restasis  231.7 - 10.4 242.1 Linzess  /Constella  - 161.3 5.5 166.8 Vraylar  - 143.7 - 143.7 Lumigan  /Ganfort  57.7 - 85.1 142.8 Bystolic  / Byvalson  - 128.3 0.4 128.7 Lo Loestrin  - 125.8 - 125.8 Alphagan  /Combigan  83.0 - 37.6 120.6 Eye Drops 49.4 - 55.4 104.8 Alloderm  95.0 - 1.6 96.6 Ozurdex  30.3 - 63.1 93.4 Viibryd  /Fetzima  - 85.0 2.1 87.1 Breast Implants 61.2 - 11.2 72.4 Coolsculpting  Consumables 47.8 - 17.8 65.6 Zenpep  - 63.0 - 63.0 Carafate  / Sulcrate  - 54.3 0.6 54.9 Armour Thyroid - 50.0 - 50.0 Viberzi  - 37.2 0.3 37.5 Skin Care 34.7 - 2.7 37.4 Asacol  /Delzicol  - 24.7 10.3 35.0 Teflaro  - 33.5 0.2 33.7 Saphris  - 31.9 - 31.9 Avycaz  - 29.7 - 29.7 Coolsculpting  Systems &amp; Add On Applicators 15.1 - 10.6 25.7 Namzaric  - 23.4 - 23.4 Savella  - 20.7 - 20.7 Liletta  - 14.8 - 14.8 Canasa  /Salofalk  - 10.2 3.6 13.8 Rapaflo  11.8 - 0.6 12.4 Dalvance  - 12.0 - 12.0 Namenda  - 9.5 - 9.5 Kybella  / Belkyra  7.3 - 1.6 8.9 Aczone  1.6 - - 1.6 Other 59.5 190.9 81.7 332.1 Total segment revenues $ 1,542.9 $ 1,249.9 $ 801.5 $ 3,594.3 Corporate revenues 2.8 Total net revenues $ 3,597.1 Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 US Specialized Therapeutics US General Medicine International Total Botox  $ 572.5 $ - $ 244.8 $ 817.3 Restasis  255.8 - 18.3 274.1 Juvederm  Collection 122.8 - 146.1 268.9 Lumigan  /Ganfort  66.8 - 100.4 167.2 Linzess  /Constella  - 159.3 5.6 164.9 Bystolic  / Byvalson  - 132.8 0.5 133.3 Alphagan  /Combigan  84.2 - 44.2 128.4 Eye Drops 46.2 - 68.8 115.0 Lo Loestrin  - 114.6 - 114.6 Breast Implants 60.7 - 44.1 104.8 Alloderm  99.5 - 2.2 101.7 Ozurdex  25.5 - 64.4 89.9 Vraylar  - 84.4 - 84.4 Viibryd  /Fetzima  - 71.7 1.5 73.2 Coolsculpting  Consumables 53.4 - 8.1 61.5 Carafate  / Sulcrate  - 56.0 0.7 56.7 Zenpep  - 52.9 - 52.9 Asacol  /Delzicol  - 38.2 11.7 49.9 Armour Thyroid - 48.2 - 48.2 Canasa  /Salofalk  - 38.6 4.2 42.8 Namenda  - 40.6 - 40.6 Viberzi  - 35.9 0.1 36.0 Skin Care 31.9 - 3.8 35.7 Coolsculpting  Systems &amp; Add On Applicators 33.7 - 1.1 34.8 Namzaric  - 33.4 - 33.4 Saphris  - 32.7 - 32.7 Teflaro  - 32.2 - 32.2 Rapaflo  22.8 - 1.2 24.0 Avycaz  - 21.8 - 21.8 Savella  - 19.9 - 19.9 Aczone  16.0 - 0.1 16.1 Dalvance  - 11.9 - 11.9 Kybella  / Belkyra  8.2 - 1.4 9.6 Liletta  - 8.1 - 8.1 Other 78.6 190.5 90.7 359.8 Total segment revenues $ 1,578.6 $ 1,223.7 $ 864.0 $ 3,666.3 Corporate revenues 5.8 Total net revenues $ 3,672.1