In May of 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (ASU 2014-09). The core principle of the new accounting guidance is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new accounting guidance provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized and requires enhanced disclosures about revenue. The standard excludes from its scope the accounting for insurance contracts, financial instruments and certain other agreements that are subject to other guidance in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, which limits the impact of this change in accounting for the Company. On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the updated accounting guidance using the modified retrospective method, with a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance sheet. Upon adoption, the new guidance was applied to all contracts subject to the standard that were not completed as of the date of adoption. Prior period amounts have not been adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the previous accounting guidance. At adoption, the cumulative effect adjustment decreased beginning Retained earnings by $62 million (after tax and noncontrolling interests), resulted in a deferred tax asset of $23 million and increased Other assets by approximately $1.9 billion and Other liabilities by approximately $2.0 billion. The impact of the new guidance is primarily related to revenue on CNAs non-insurance warranty products and services, which will be recognized more slowly as compared to the historic revenue recognition pattern. For the warranty products in which CNA acts as principal, Operating revenues and other and Operating expenses and other are increased to reflect the gross amount paid