Tropical forest management is facing new challenges. New actors and partnerships for the conservation and sustainable management of forests have been formed and are operating at multiple scales. These new global-local partnerships received an impulse through: globalisation, which connects local communities with international actors such as environmental NGOs and research organisations lending support to sustainable forest use; and localisation (i.e. decentralisation, democratisation, devolution of power and political autonomy for indigenous people), which creates new actors in..