22. GUARANTEES, COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES The Bank s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party for commitments to make loans and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making these commitments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. For interest rate swap transactions and commitments to purchase or sell securities for forward delivery, the contract or notional amounts do not represent exposure to credit loss. The Bank controls the credit risk of these derivative instruments through credit approvals, limits and monitoring procedures. Certain derivative contracts have credit risk for the carrying value plus the amount to replace such contracts in the event of counterparty default. All of the Banks financial instruments are held for risk management and not for trading purposes. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, there were no credit losses associated with derivative contracts. In the normal course of business, there are outstanding commitments and contingent liabilities, such as co mmitments to extend credit, letters of credit and others, that are not included in the consolidated financial statements. The financial instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of amounts recognized in the financial statements. A summary of these commitments and contingent liabilities is presented below. December 31, 2018 2017 (Dollars in Thousands) Standby letters of credit $ 180 $ 180 Standby performance letters of credit $ 704 $  Commitments to extend credit $ 85,972 $ 55,801 Standby letters of credit and standby performance letters of credit are contingent commitments issued by the Bank generally to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The Bank has recourse against the customer for any amount that it is required to pay to a third party under a standby letter of credit or standby performance letter of credit. Revenues are recognized over the lives of the standby letters of credit and standby performance letters of credit. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the potential amounts of future payments that the Bank could be required to make under its standby letters of credit and standby performance letters of credit, which represent the Banks total credit risk in these categories, are included in the table above. A commitment to extend credit is an agreement to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Bank evaluates each customers creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank upon the extension of credit, is based on managements credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment and income-producing commercial properties. Commitments to purchase securities for delayed delivery require the Bank to purchase a specified security at a specified price for delivery on a specified date. Similarly, commitments to sell securities for delayed delivery require the Bank to sell a specified security at a specified price for delivery on a specified date. Market risk arises from potential movements in security values and interest rates between the commitment and delivery dates. As of both December 31, 2018 and 2017, there were no outstanding commitments to purchase securities for delayed delivery and no outstanding commitments to sell securities for delayed delivery. The Company is self-insured for a significant portion of employee health benefits. However, the Company maintains stop-loss coverage with third -party insurers to limit the Companys individual claim and total exposure related to self-insurance. The Company estimates the accrued liability for the ultimate costs to close known claims, as well as claims incurred but not yet reported, as of the balance sheet date. The Companys recorded estimated liability for self-insurance is based on the insurance companies incurred loss estimates and managements judgment, including assumptions and factors related to the frequency and severity of claims, the Companys claims development history and the Companys claims settlement practices. The assessment of loss contingencies and self-insurance reserves is a highly subjective process that requires judgments about future events. Contingencies are reviewed at least quarterly to determine the adequacy of self-insurance accruals. Self-insurance accruals totaled $0.1 million and $0.2 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The ultimate settlement of loss contingencies and self-insurance reserves may differ significantly from amounts accrued in the Companys consolidated financial statements. Litigation The Company is party to certain ordinary course litigation, and the Company intends to vigorously defend itself in all such litigation. In the opinion of the Company, based on review and consultation with legal counsel, the outcome of such ordinary course litigation should not have a material adverse effect on the Companys consolidated financial statements or results of operations.