Revenue recognition The Company derives its revenues primarily from subscription services, professional services, perpetual licensing of its software products and associated software maintenance and support services. The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:  Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer;  Identification of the performance obligations in the customer contract(s);  Determination of the transaction price;  Allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation in the customer contract(s); and  Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation. Subscription services revenue Subscription services primarily include customer access to one or more of the Company's cloud applications and associated customer support. Subscription services revenue is generally recognized ratably over the contractual subscription term, beginning on the date that the Company's subscription service is made available to the customer. The Company's subscription contracts do not provide customers with the right to take possession of the software supporting the service and, as a result, are accounted for as service contracts. The Company's subscription contracts are generally two to five years in length, billed annually in advance, and non-cancelable. Maintenance and support revenue Maintenance and support revenue includes post-implementation customer support for on-premise licenses and the right to unspecified software updates and enhancements. The Company recognizes revenue from maintenance and support arrangements ratably over the period in which the services are provided. The Company's maintenance and support contracts are generally one to three years in length, billed annually in advance, and non-cancelable. License revenue Licenses to on-premise software provide the customer with a right to use, in the customer's environment, the Company's software as it exists when made available to the customer. License revenue from customer contracts with distinct on-premises licenses is recognized at the point in time when the software is made available to the customer. For customer contracts that contain license and professional services that are not considered distinct, both the license and professional services are determined to be a single performance obligation and the revenue is recognized over time based upon the Company's efforts to satisfy the performance obligation. Professional services revenue Professional services revenue primarily consists of fees for deployment and configuration services, as well as training services. Professional services revenues are generally recognized as the services are rendered for time and material contracts, or on a proportional performance basis for fixed fee contracts. The majority of the Company's professional services contracts are on a fixed fee basis. Training revenues are recognized as the services are rendered. Significant judgment is required in determining whether professional services contained in a customer subscription services contract are capable of being distinct and are separately identifiable in the customer contract. Professional services determined to be distinct are accounted for as a separate performance obligation and revenue is recognized as the services are performed. If the professional services are not determined to be distinct, the professional services and the subscription services are accounted for as a single performance obligation and revenue is recognized over the contractual term of the subscription beginning on the date that subscription services are made available to the customer. Customer contracts with multiple performance obligations A portion of the Company's customer contracts contain multiple performance obligations. Significant judgment is required in determining whether multiple performance obligations contained in a single customer contract are capable of being distinct and are separately identifiable. An obligation determined to be distinct is accounted for as a separate performance obligation and revenue for that separate performance obligation is recognized when, or as, the Company satisfies the performance obligation. If obligations are not determined to be distinct, those obligations are accounted for as a single, combined performance obligation. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis.