23. Business Segment Information The Company is organized into four reportable segments based on the internal organization used by the Chief Executive Officer for making operating decisions and measuring performance and based on the similarity of customers served, common management, common use of facilities and economic results attained. The Companys segments are as follows: Access Equipment : This segment consists of JLG and JerrDan. JLG designs and manufactures aerial work platforms and telehandlers that are sold worldwide for use in a wide variety of construction, industrial, institutional and general maintenance applications to position workers and materials at elevated heights. Access Equipment customers include equipment rental companies, construction contractors, manufacturing companies and home improvement centers. JerrDan designs, manufactures and markets towing and recovery equipment in the U.S. and abroad. Defense : This segment consists of Oshkosh Defense. Oshkosh Defense designs and manufactures tactical wheeled vehicles and supply parts and services for the U.S. military and for other militaries around the world. Sales to the DoD accounted for 98%, 97% and 90% of the segments sales for fiscal 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Fire &amp; Emergency : This segment includes Pierce, Airport Products and Kewaunee. These business units design, manufacture and market commercial and custom fire vehicles, simulators and emergency vehicles primarily for fire departments, airports and other governmental units, and broadcast vehicles for broadcasters and TV stations in the U.S. and abroad. Commercial : This segment includes McNeilus, London, IMT and Oshkosh Commercial. McNeilus and London design, manufacture, market and distribute refuse collection vehicles and components. McNeilus, London and Oshkosh Commercial also design, manufacture, market and distribute concrete mixer vehicles and components. IMT is a designer and manufacturer of field service vehicles and truck-mounted cranes for niche markets. Sales are made primarily to commercial and municipal customers in the Americas. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting , for purposes of business segment performance measurement, the Company does not allocate to individual business segments costs or items that are of a non-operating nature or organizational or functional expenses of a corporate nature. The caption Corporate includes corporate office expenses, share-based compensation, costs of certain business initiatives and shared services or operations benefiting multiple segments, and results of insignificant operations. Identifiable assets of the business segments exclude general corporate assets, which principally consist of cash and cash equivalents, certain property, plant and equipment, and certain other assets pertaining to corporate activities. Intersegment sales generally include amounts invoiced by a segment for work performed for another segment. Amounts are based on actual work performed and agreed-upon pricing, which is intended to be reflective of the contribution made by the supplying business segment. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Selected financial information concerning the Companys reportable segments and product lines is as follows (in millions): Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2020 2019 2018 External Customers Inter- segment Net Sales External Customers Inter- segment Net Sales External Customers Inter- segment Net Sales Access Equipment Aerial work platforms $ 1,101.7 $  $ 1,101.7 $ 1,944.4 $  $ 1,944.4 $ 2,017.2 $  $ 2,017.2 Telehandlers 680.4  680.4 1,254.9  1,254.9 948.9  948.9 Other 723.6 9.4 733.0 880.4  880.4 810.7  810.7 Total Access Equipment 2,505.7 9.4 2,515.1 4,079.7  4,079.7 3,776.8  3,776.8 Defense 2,260.3 1.9 2,262.2 2,030.3 1.8 2,032.1 1,827.3 1.6 1,828.9 Fire &amp; Emergency 1,138.1 9.0 1,147.1 1,249.8 16.3 1,266.1 1,053.6 16.1 1,069.7 Commercial Concrete placement 403.5  403.5 439.9  439.9 491.8  491.8 Refuse collection 437.2  437.2 451.9  451.9 438.3  438.3 Other 110.6 6.5 117.1 128.3 2.1 130.4 116.7 7.9 124.6 Total Commercial 951.3 6.5 957.8 1,020.1 2.1 1,022.2 1,046.8 7.9 1,054.7 Corporate and intersegment eliminations 1.4 (26.8 ) (25.4 ) 2.1 (20.2 ) (18.1 ) 1.0 (25.6 ) (24.6 ) Consolidated $ 6,856.8 $  $ 6,856.8 $ 8,382.0 $  $ 8,382.0 $ 7,705.5 $  $ 7,705.5 Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2020 2019 2018 Operating income (loss): Access Equipment (a) $ 198.6 $ 502.6 $ 387.5 Defense (b) 183.5 203.3 225.4 Fire &amp; Emergency (c) 151.1 176.5 137.6 Commercial (d) 81.2 66.8 67.5 Corporate (e) (125.7 ) (152.2 ) (162.0 ) Consolidated 488.7 797.0 656.0 Interest expense, net of interest income (f) (51.8 ) (47.6 ) (55.6 ) Miscellaneous other (expense) income (g) 2.2 1.3 (5.8 ) Income before income taxes and earnings (losses) of unconsolidated affiliates $ 439.1 $ 750.7 $ 594.6 (a) Fiscal 2020 results include $10.4 million of restructuring costs and $4.7 million operating expenses related to restructuring plans. Fiscal 2018 results include $4.7 million of restructuring costs and $24.8 million of operating expenses related to restructuring plans. (b) Fiscal 2020 results include reimbursement of $0.9 million of legal costs associated with an arbitration settlement. Fiscal 2018 results include a $19.0 million gain for a litigation settlement (See Note 18 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details regarding the settlement). (c) Fiscal 2020 includes $1.4 million of restructuring costs. (d) Fiscal 2020 results include $1.5 million of restructuring costs, $4.1 million of accelerated depreciation related to restructuring actions, a gain of $12.3 million arising from a business interruption insurance recovery and a gain on the sale of a business of $3.1 million. Fiscal 2018 results include $5.4 million of restructuring costs, a business interruption insurance gain of $6.6 million and a loss on the sale of a small product line of $1.4 million (e) Fiscal 2020 includes $1.1 million of restructuring costs. ( f ) Fiscal 2020 results include $8.5 million in debt extinguishment costs and $3.3 million interest income from an arbitration settlement in the Defense segment. Fiscal 2018 results include $9.9 million in debt extinguishment costs. (g) Fiscal 2020 results include a $6.2 million gain from insurance proceeds in excess of property loss in the Commercial segment. Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2020 2019 2018 Depreciation and amortization: Access Equipment (a) $ 42.1 $ 58.2 $ 61.1 Defense 20.1 17.3 15.2 Fire &amp; Emergency 10.0 9.5 9.5 Commercial (b) 17.1 12.4 12.9 Corporate 14.9 17.8 21.8 Consolidated $ 104.2 $ 115.2 $ 120.5 Capital expenditures: Access Equipment (c) $ 56.5 $ 61.4 $ 34.2 Defense 32.3 31.4 29.1 Fire &amp; Emergency 6.8 12.8 12.8 Commercial (c) 18.9 18.1 12.0 Corporate (d) 15.7 50.5 12.0 Consolidated $ 130.2 $ 174.2 $ 100.1 (a) Includes $2.8 million of accelerated deprecation associated with restructuring actions in fiscal 2020. (b) Includes $4.1 million of accelerated deprecation associated with restructuring actions in fiscal 2020. ( c ) Capital expenditures include both the purchase of property, plant and equipment and equipment held for rental. ( d ) Capital expenditures include capital spending for the construction of the Companys new global headquarters. September 30, 2020 2019 Identifiable assets: Access Equipment: U.S. $ 2,151.4 $ 2,317.2 Europe, Africa and Middle East 383.4 403.4 Rest of the world (a) 359.0 252.6 Total Access Equipment 2,893.8 2,973.2 Defense: U.S. 1,055.5 883.0 Rest of the world 7.2 6.7 Total Defense 1,062.7 889.7 Fire &amp; Emergency - U.S. 586.8 587.9 Commercial: U.S. 370.7 383.6 Rest of the world 47.5 48.9 Total Commercial 418.2 432.5 Corporate: U.S. (b) 854.4 597.6 Rest of the world (a)  85.4 Total Corporate 854.4 683.0 Consolidated $ 5,815.9 $ 5,566.3 ( a ) Control of a shared manufacturing facility in Mexico transferred to the Access Equipment segment effective October 1, 2019. ( b ) Primarily includes cash and short-term investments and the Companys global headquarters. The following table presents net sales by geographic region based on product shipment destination (in millions): Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2020 Access Equipment Defense Fire &amp; Emergency Commercial Eliminations Total Net sales: North America $ 1,881.6 $ 2,151.1 $ 1,069.4 $ 947.0 $ (25.4 ) $ 6,023.7 Europe, Africa and Middle East 275.3 107.0 29.8 1.6  413.7 Rest of the World 358.2 4.1 47.9 9.2  419.4 Consolidated $ 2,515.1 $ 2,262.2 $ 1,147.1 $ 957.8 $ (25.4 ) $ 6,856.8 Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2019 Access Equipment Defense Fire &amp; Emergency Commercial Eliminations Total Net sales: North America $ 3,147.9 $ 1,946.7 $ 1,142.3 $ 997.8 $ (18.1 ) $ 7,216.6 Europe, Africa and Middle East 548.6 84.0 27.7 3.9  664.2 Rest of the World 383.2 1.4 96.1 20.5  501.2 Consolidated $ 4,079.7 $ 2,032.1 $ 1,266.1 $ 1,022.2 $ (18.1 ) $ 8,382.0 Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2018 Access Equipment Defense Fire &amp; Emergency Commercial Eliminations Total Net sales: North America $ 2,849.9 $ 1,612.9 $ 1,006.8 $ 1,044.6 $ (24.6 ) $ 6,489.6 Europe, Africa and Middle East 630.2 215.0 4.7 1.9  851.8 Rest of the World 296.7 1.0 58.2 8.2  364.1 Consolidated $ 3,776.8 $ 1,828.9 $ 1,069.7 $ 1,054.7 $ (24.6 ) $ 7,705.5