Commitments and Contingencies Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk  The Company's financial statements do not reflect various commitments and contingent liabilities that arise in the normal course of the Bank's business and involve elements of credit, liquidity, and interest rate risk. The following table presents a summary of the Bank's commitments and contingent liabilities: (in thousands) September 30, 2020 Commitments to extend credit $ 5,785,909 Forward sales commitments $ 1,029,734 Commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale $ 950,570 Standby letters of credit $ 101,978 The Bank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet credit risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees. Those instruments involve elements of credit and interest-rate risk similar to the risk involved in on-balance sheet items. The contract or notional amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of the Bank's involvement in particular classes of financial instruments. The Bank's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, and financial guarantees written, is represented by the contractual notional amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments. There were no financial guarantees in connection with standby letters of credit that the Bank was required to perform on during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. At September 30, 2020, approximately $91.5 million of standby letters of credit expire within one year, and $10.5 million expire thereafter. Residential mortgage loans sold into the secondary market are sold with limited recourse against the Company, meaning that the Company may be obligated to repurchase or otherwise reimburse the investor for incurred losses on any loans that suffer an early payment default, are not underwritten in accordance with investor guidelines or are determined to have pre-closing borrower misrepresentations. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had a residential mortgage loan repurchase reserve liability of $1.6 million. For loans sold to GNMA, the Bank has a unilateral right, but not the obligation, to repurchase loans that are past due 90 days or more. As of September 30, 2020, the Bank has recorded a liability for the loans subject to this repurchase right of $20.0 million, and has recorded these loans as part of the loan portfolio as if the Bank had repurchased these loans. Commitments  In September 2020, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary Umpqua Investments, entered into an agreement to sell substantially all of the assets of Umpqua Investments to Steward Partners. Umpqua Investments is included within the Company's Wealth Management segment. The acquisition is expected to close in the first quarter of 2021, subject to customary closing conditions. Legal Proceedings Umpqua is involved in legal proceedings occurring in the ordinary course of business. Based on information currently available, advice of counsel and available insurance coverage, management believes that the eventual outcome of actions against the Company or its subsidiaries will not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial condition. However, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of a matter, if unfavorable, may be material to results of operations for any particular period. Concentrations of Credit Risk  The Bank grants real estate mortgage, real estate construction, commercial, agricultural and installment loans and leases to customers throughout Oregon, Washington, California, Idaho, and Nevada. In management's judgment, a concentration exists in real estate-related loans, which represented approximately 71% and 76% of the Bank's loan and lease portfolio at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The decrease is related to PPP loans which are not real estate secured and will likely be short-term in duration. Commercial real estate concentrations are managed to ensure geographic and business diversity, primarily in our footprint. Although management believes such concentrations have no more than the normal risk of collectability, a substantial decline in the economy in general or caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, material increases in interest rates, changes in tax policies, tightening credit or refinancing markets, or a decline in real estate values in the Bank's primary market areas in particular, could have an adverse impact on the repayment of these loans. Personal and business incomes, proceeds from the sale of real property, or proceeds from refinancing represent the primary sources of repayment for a majority of these loans. The Bank recognizes the credit risks inherent in dealing with other depository institutions. Accordingly, to prevent excessive exposure to any single correspondent, the Bank has established general standards for selecting correspondent banks as well as internal limits for allowable exposure to any single correspondent. In addition, the Bank has an investment policy that sets forth limitations that apply to all investments with respect to credit rating and concentrations with an issuer.