Segment Information In accordance with ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting: (Topic 280), the Companys businesses are based on the organizational structure used by the chief operating decision maker (CODM) for making operating and investment decisions and for assessing performance. The CODM views the Company as two businesses: Cloud Services and Digital Media. However, in accordance with the aggregation criteria within ASC Topic 280, J2 Globals operating segments have been aggregated into three reportable segments: (i) Fax and Martech (formerly Email Marketing); (ii) Voice, Backup, Security, and Consumer Privacy and Protection; and (iii) Digital Media. In connection with the Highwinds Capital, Inc. and Cloak Holdings, LLC acquisition in the second quarter of 2019 (see Note 4 - Business Acquisitions), the Company renamed its Voice, Backup and Security reportable segment to include its newly acquired consumer privacy and protection business, now the Voice, Backup, Security and Consumer Privacy and Protection segment. The Companys Cloud Services business is driven primarily by subscription revenues that are relatively higher margin, stable and predictable from quarter to quarter with some seasonal weakness in the fourth quarter. The Cloud Services business also includes the results of our IP licensing business, which can vary dramatically in both revenues and profitability from period to period. The Companys Digital Media business is driven primarily by advertising and subscription revenues, has relatively higher sales and marketing expense and has seasonal strength in the fourth quarter. The accounting policies of the businesses are the same as those described in Note 2 - Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The Company evaluates performance based on revenue, gross margin and profit or loss from operations before income taxes, not including nonrecurring gains and losses and foreign exchange gains and losses. Information on reportable segments and reconciliation to consolidated income from operations is as follows (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Revenue by reportable segment: Fax and Martech $ 366,727 $ 360,479 $ 350,542 Voice, Backup, Security, and CPP 295,108 237,496 228,414 Cloud Services Total 661,835 597,975 578,956 Digital Media 710,511 609,374 538,939 Elimination of inter-segment revenues (300 ) (60 ) (57 ) Total segment revenues 1,372,046 1,207,289 1,117,838 Corporate (1) 8 6  Total revenues 1,372,054 1,207,295 1,117,838 Gross profit by reportable segment: Fax and Martech 317,065 323,855 311,942 Voice, Backup, Security, and CPP 200,500 151,966 148,268 Cloud Services Total 517,565 475,821 460,210 Digital Media 617,458 530,455 485,365 Elimination of inter-segment gross profit (300 ) (60 ) (50 ) Total segment gross profit 1,134,723 1,006,216 945,525 Corporate (1) 8 5  Total gross profit 1,134,731 1,006,221 945,525 Direct costs by reportable segment (2) : Fax and Martech 124,589 128,898 135,157 Voice, Backup, Security, and CPP 155,172 116,803 99,009 Cloud Services Total 279,761 245,701 234,166 Digital Media 550,834 489,019 437,297 Elimination of inter-segment direct costs (300 ) (60 ) (50 ) Total segment direct costs 830,295 734,660 671,413 Corporate (1) 27,356 27,281 28,404 Total direct costs (2) 857,651 761,941 699,817 Operating income by reportable segment: Fax and Martech 192,476 194,957 176,785 Voice, Backup, Security, and CPP 45,328 35,163 49,259 Cloud Services Total 237,804 230,120 226,044 Digital Media 66,624 41,436 48,068 Total segment operating income 304,428 271,556 274,112 Corporate (1) (27,348 ) (27,276 ) (28,404 ) Total income from operations $ 277,080 $ 244,280 $ 245,708 (1) Corporate includes costs associated with general and administrative and other expenses that are managed on a global basis and that are not directly attributable to any particular segment. In addition, in fiscal year 2018, the Company determined certain patent assets and related income and expenses associated with Advanced Messaging Technologies, Inc. should be reclassified from Cloud Services to Corporate. (2) Direct costs for each segment include other operating expenses that are directly attributable to the segment, such as employee compensation expense, local sales and marketing expenses, engineering and network operations expense, depreciation and amortization and other administrative expenses. The CODM does not use Balance Sheet and Cash Flow information in connection with operating and investment decisions other than as presented for Cloud Services and Digital Media. Accordingly, the following segment information is presented for Cloud Services and Digital Media. 2019 2018 Assets: Cloud Services $ 1,466,969 $ 1,047,245 Digital Media 1,561,024 1,455,620 Total assets from Cloud Services and Digital Media 3,027,993 2,502,865 Corporate (1) 477,853 57,965 Total assets $ 3,505,846 $ 2,560,830 2019 2018 2017 Capital expenditures: Cloud Services $ 21,826 $ 13,832 $ 7,031 Digital Media 48,736 42,547 32,564 Total capital expenditures from Cloud Services and Digital Media 70,562 56,379 39,595 Corporate (1) 26   Total capital expenditures $ 70,588 $ 56,379 $ 39,595 Depreciation and amortization: Cloud Services $ 80,970 $ 60,754 $ 68,436 Digital Media 148,575 122,843 93,605 Total depreciation and amortization from Cloud Services and Digital Media 229,545 183,597 162,041 Corporate (1) 2,487 3,577  Total depreciation and amortization $ 232,032 $ 187,174 $ 162,041 (1) In fiscal year 2018, the Company determined certain patent assets and related income and expenses associated with Advanced Messaging Technologies, Inc. should be reclassified from Cloud Services to Corporate. J2 Global maintains operations in the U.S., Canada, Ireland, Japan and other countries. Geographic information about the U.S. and all other countries for the reporting periods is presented below. Such information attributes revenues based on markets where revenues are reported (in thousands). Years ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Revenues: United States $ 1,100,298 $ 924,051 $ 830,800 Canada 67,518 73,742 78,099 Ireland 59,009 69,291 74,430 All other countries 145,229 140,211 134,509 Total $ 1,372,054 $ 1,207,295 $ 1,117,838 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Long-lived assets: United States $ 701,580 $ 530,785 All other countries 76,927 62,810 Total $ 778,507 $ 593,595