1. Organization and Basis of Presentation Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (Holdings), including its wholly-owned Delaware subsidiary, Lixte Biotechnology, Inc. (Lixte) (collectively, the Company), is a drug discovery company that uses biomarker technology to identify enzyme targets associated with serious common diseases and then designs novel compounds to attack those targets. The Companys product pipeline is primarily focused on inhibitors of protein phosphatases, used alone and in combination with cytotoxic agents and/or x-ray and immune checkpoint blockers, and encompasses two major categories of compounds at various stages of pre-clinical and clinical development that the Company believes have broad therapeutic potential not only for cancer but also for other debilitating and life-threatening diseases. The Companys activities are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, including the need for additional capital, as described below. The Company has not yet commenced any revenue-generating operations, does not have positive cash flows from operations, and is dependent on periodic infusions of equity capital to fund its operating requirements. The Companys common stock is traded on the OTCQB operated by the OTC Markets under the symbol LIXT. Going Concern The Companys consolidated financial statements have been presented on the basis that it is a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company has not generated any revenues from operations to date and does not expect to do so in the foreseeable future. Furthermore, the Company has experienced recurring operating losses and negative operating cash flows since inception and has financed its working capital requirements during this period primarily through the recurring sale of its equity securities and the exercise of outstanding common stock options and purchase warrants. As a result, management has concluded that there is substantial doubt about the Companys ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date that the consolidated financial statements are being issued. In addition, the Companys independent registered public accounting firm, in their report on the Companys consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019, has also expressed substantial doubt about the Companys ability to continue as a going concern. The Companys ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to raise additional equity capital to fund its research and development activities and to ultimately achieve sustainable operating revenues and profits. The Companys consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties. At December 31, 2019, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $2,598,864 available to fund its operations. Because the Company is currently engaged in Phase 2 clinical trials, it is expected that it will take a significant amount of time to develop any product or intellectual property capable of generating sustainable revenues. Accordingly, the Companys business is unlikely to generate any sustainable operating revenues in the next several years and may never do so. In addition, to the extent that the Company is able to generate revenues through licensing its technologies or through product sales, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to achieve positive earnings and operating cash flows. The Companys longer-term objective is to secure one or more strategic partnerships or licensing agreements with pharmaceutical companies with major programs in cancer. The Company expects that it will need to begin to raise additional capital no later than the fourth quarter of 2020. The amount and timing of future cash requirements will depend on the pace and design of the Companys clinical trial program. As market conditions present uncertainty as to the Companys ability to secure additional funds, there can be no assurances that the Company will be able to secure additional financing on acceptable terms, or at all, as and when necessary to continue to conduct operations. There is also significant uncertainty as to the affect that the coronavirus may have on the availability, amount and type of financing in the future. If cash resources are insufficient to satisfy the Companys ongoing cash requirements, the Company would be required to scale back or discontinue its clinical trial program and its technology and product development efforts, or obtain funds, if available (although there can be no certainty), through strategic alliances that may require the Company to relinquish rights to certain of its compounds, or to discontinue its operations entirely.