Organization and Other Matters KAR Auction Services, Inc. was organized in the State of Delaware on November 9, 2006. The KAR group of companies is comprised of ADESA, Inc., Insurance Auto Auctions, Inc., Automotive Finance Corporation and additional business units. Defined Terms Unless otherwise indicated or unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms used herein shall have the following meanings:  "we," "us," "our" and "the Company" refer, collectively, to KAR Auction Services, Inc. and all of its subsidiaries;  "ADESA" or "ADESA Auctions" refer, collectively, to ADESA, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of KAR Auction Services, and ADESA, Inc.'s subsidiaries, including Openlane, Inc. (together with Openlane, Inc.'s subsidiaries, "Openlane"), Nth Gen Software Inc. ("TradeRev") and ADESA Remarketing Limited (formerly known as GRS Remarketing Limited ("GRS" or "ADESA Remarketing Limited"));  "AFC" refers, collectively, to Automotive Finance Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of ADESA, and Automotive Finance Corporation's subsidiaries and other related entities, including PWI Holdings, Inc.;  "Credit Agreement" refers to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated March 11, 2014, as amended on March 9, 2016 and May 31, 2017, among KAR Auction Services, as the borrower, the several banks and other financial institutions or entities from time to time parties thereto and the administrative agent;  "Credit Facility" refers to the three -year senior secured term loan B-1 facility ("Term Loan B-1"), the seven -year senior secured term loan B-2 facility ("Term Loan B-2"), the seven -year senior secured term loan B-3 facility ("Term Loan B-3"), the senior secured term loan B-4 facility due March 11, 2021 ("Term Loan B-4"), the senior secured term loan B-5 facility due March 9, 2023 ("Term Loan B-5"), the $350 million , senior secured revolving credit facility due March 9, 2021 (the "revolving credit facility"), the $300 million , five -year senior secured revolving credit facility (the "2016 revolving credit facility") and the $250 million , five -year senior secured revolving credit facility (the "2014/2015 revolving credit facility"), the terms of which are set forth in the Credit Agreement. Term Loan B-1 and the 2014/2015 revolving credit facility were extinguished in March 2016 with proceeds received from Term Loan B-3. Term Loan B-2, Term Loan B-3 and the 2016 revolving credit facility were repaid in May 2017 with proceeds from Term Loan B-4, Term Loan B-5 and the senior notes (defined below);  "IAA" refers, collectively, to Insurance Auto Auctions, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of KAR Auction Services, and Insurance Auto Auctions, Inc.'s subsidiaries and other related entities, including HBC Vehicle Services Limited ("HBC");  "KAR Auction Services" refers to KAR Auction Services, Inc. and not to its subsidiaries; and  "Senior notes" refers to the 5.125% senior notes due 2025 ( $950 million aggregate principal outstanding at December 31, 2018). Business and Nature of Operations As of December 31, 2018 , we have a North American network of 75 ADESA whole car auction sites and 179 IAA salvage vehicle auction sites; in addition, we offer online auctions for both whole car and salvage vehicles. ADESA also includes TradeRev, an online automotive remarketing system where dealers can launch and participate in real-time vehicle auctions at any time and ADESA Remarketing Limited, an online whole car vehicle remarketing business in the United Kingdom. IAA also includes HBC Vehicle Services Limited, which operates from 14 locations in the United Kingdom. Our auctions facilitate the sale of used and salvage vehicles through physical, online or hybrid auctions, which permit Internet buyers to participate in physical auctions. ADESA and IAA are leading, national providers of wholesale and salvage vehicle auctions and related vehicle remarketing services for the automotive industry in North America. ADESA's online service offerings include customized private label solutions powered with software developed by its wholly-owned subsidiary, Openlane, that allow our institutional consignors (automobile manufacturers, captive finance companies and other institutions) to offer vehicles via the Internet prior to arrival at the physical auction. Remarketing services include a variety of activities designed to transfer used and salvage vehicles between sellers and buyers throughout the vehicle life cycle. ADESA and IAA facilitate the exchange of these vehicles through an auction marketplace, which aligns sellers and buyers. As an agent for customers, the Company generally does not take title to or ownership of vehicles sold at the auctions. Generally, fees are earned from the seller and buyer on each successful auction transaction in addition to fees earned for ancillary services. ADESA has the second largest used vehicle auction network in North America, based upon the number of used vehicles sold through auctions annually, and also provides services such as inbound and outbound transportation logistics, reconditioning, vehicle inspection and certification, titling, administrative and collateral recovery services. ADESA is able to serve the diverse and multi-faceted needs of its customers through the wide range of services offered. IAA is one of the leading providers of salvage vehicle auctions and related services. The salvage auctions facilitate the remarketing of damaged vehicles that are designated as total losses by insurance companies, recovered stolen vehicles for which an insurance settlement with the vehicle owner has already been made, purchased vehicles and older model vehicles donated to charity or sold by dealers in salvage auctions. The salvage auction business specializes in providing services such as inbound transportation logistics, inspections, evaluations, salvage recovery services, titling and settlement administrative services. AFC is a leading provider of floorplan financing to independent used vehicle dealers and this financing is provided through 127 locations throughout the United States and Canada as of December 31, 2018 . Floorplan financing supports independent used vehicle dealers in North America who purchase vehicles at ADESA, IAA, TradeRev, other used vehicle and salvage auctions and non-auction purchases. In addition to floorplan financing, AFC also provides independent used vehicle dealers with other related services and products, such as vehicle service contracts. Potential Spin-off of IAA In February 2018, the Company announced that its board of directors had approved a plan to pursue the separation of its salvage auction business, currently operated by IAA, through a spin-off. The Company also announced that the separation was subject to customary regulatory approvals, the execution of intercompany agreements between the Company and the new salvage auction company ("IAA Spinco"), final approval of the board of directors and other customary matters. The Company expects to complete the spin-off in 2019. The Company may, at any time and for any reason until the proposed transaction is complete, abandon, modify or change the terms of the spin-off. There can be no assurance as to whether or when the spin-off will occur. IAA Spinco filed its initial Registration Statement on Form 10 on June 28, 2018, Amendment No. 1 to its Registration Statement on Form 10 on August 30, 2018 and Amendment No. 2 to its Registration Statement on Form 10 on November 20, 2018.