text: Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Pneumonectomy to Treat Unilateral Congenital Venous Stenosis in an Adult
  A 37-year-old woman with known congenital right-sided pulmonary venous stenosis presented with recurrent and symptomatic pleural effusions on the right side. She was diagnosed with pulmonary venous stenosis at the age of 22 when she had a self-limited episode of hemoptysis. She had undergone several radiologic vascular interventions to treat hemoptysis. These procedures mainly included coiling of aortopulmonary vascular communications. Imaging studies included in the video presentation include angiograms demonstrating no venous return to the heart. She had several recurrent pleural effusions and ultimately the decision was made to proceed with pneumonectomy. The video presents the imaging and surgical footage of the pneumonectomy.
  Pourmoghadam KK, Moore JW, Khan M, et al. Congenital unilateral pulmonary venous atresia: definitive diagnosis and treatment. Pediatr Cardiol. 2003;24(1):73-79.