This was in contradiction to Ernst Haeckel 's theory that the complete phylogeny of a species would be repeated during embryonic development , including generation of the first nucleated cell from a " monerula " , a structureless mass of primordial protoplasm ( " Urschleim " ) .


Eduard Strasburger produced the same results for plants in 1884 .


In 1873 , August Weismann postulated the equivalence of the maternal and paternal germ " cells " for heredity .


These are known as anti-nuclear antibodies ( ANA ) and have also been observed in concert with multiple sclerosis as part of general immune system dysfunction .


As in the case of progeria , the role played by the antibodies in inducing the symptoms of autoimmune diseases is not obvious .


Therefore , the early stages in the cell cycle , beginning in prophase and until around prometaphase , the nuclear membrane is dismantled .


Unlike other multinucleated cells these nuclei contain two distinct lineages of DNA : one from the dinoflagellate and the other from a symbiotic diatom .


Many of the problems are indirectly or directly caused by the city 's difficulty in coping with the large population growth experienced since 1997 , and the annexation of the Banning Lewis Ranch area to accommodate further population growth of 175,000 future residents .


Hewlett-Packard has a large sales , support , and SAN storage engineering center for the computer industry .


Microchip Technology ( formerly Atmel ) , is a chip fabrication organization .


Almost immediately following the arrival of railroads beginning in 1871 , the city 's location at the base of Pikes Peak and the Rocky Mountains made it a popular tourism destination .


In the United States , a certificate may be offered by an institute of higher education .


According to the American Bar Association , a lawyer who is a certified specialist has been recognized by an independent professional certifying organization as having an enhanced level of skill and expertise , as well as substantial involvement in an established legal specialty .


The earliest emergence of civilizations is generally associated with the final stages of the Neolithic Revolution , culminating in the relatively rapid process of urban revolution and state formation , a political development associated with the appearance of a governing elite .


In the late 1700 s and early 1800 s , during the French Revolution , " civilization " was used in the singular , never in the plural , and meant the progress of humanity as a whole .


Social scientists such as V. Gordon Childe have named a number of traits that distinguish a civilization from other kinds of society .


Andrew Nikiforuk argues that " civilizations relied on shackled human muscle .


By the early Iron Age , contemporary civilizations developed money as a medium of exchange for increasingly complex transactions .


At first , the Neolithic was associated with shifting subsistence cultivation , where continuous farming led to the depletion of soil fertility resulting in the requirement to cultivate fields further and further removed from the settlement , eventually compelling the settlement itself to move .


A major technological and cultural transition to modernity began approximately 1500 CE in Western Europe , and from this beginning new approaches to science and law spread rapidly around the world , incorporating earlier cultures into the technological and industrial society of the present .


The game can be won by conquering all other civilizations or by winning the space race by reaching the star system of Alpha Centauri .


The name is derived from the family 's first certain ancestor , Robert the Strong ( b .


They also serve to connect Algiers ' main universities to each other .


There is also a similar system planned in Wrocław and Łódź .


The highest point of the modern administrative county is in the village of Great Chishill at 146 " m ( 480 " ft ) above sea level .


For example , Bottisham Village College .


In addition , Cambridge Regional College and Huntingdonshire Regional College both offer a limited range of higher education courses in conjunction with partner universities .


A member of the club , Charles Goodman Tebbutt , wrote down the first official rules in 1882 .


He studied at the Royal Albertus University .


Initially the office of censor was limited to eighteen months by a law of the dictator Mamercus Aemilius Mamercinus ; and the office therefore was of less importance in the 5th and 4th centuries BC .


The censors were originally chosen for a whole " lustrum " ( the period of five years ) , but as early as ten years after its institution ( 433 BC ) their office was limited to eighteen months by a law of the dictator Mamercus Aemilius Mamercinus .


According to one statement , the office was abolished by Lucius Cornelius Sulla .


Its power was limited by one of the laws of the tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher ( 58 BC ) , which prescribed certain regular forms of proceeding before the censors in expelling a person from the Roman Senate , and required that the censors be in agreement to exact this punishment .


Domitian assumed the title of " perpetual censor " ( " censor perpetuus " ) , but this example was not imitated by succeeding emperors .


It is , on the contrary , probable from the way in which Cicero pleads the absence of Archias from Rome with the army under Lucullus , as a sufficient reason for his not having been enrolled in the census , that service in the army was a valid excuse for absence .


Mamercus Aemilius Mamercinus was thus , notwithstanding the reproach of the censors ( " animadversio censoria " ) , made dictator .


They also had the superintendence of all the other revenues of the state , the vectigalia , such as the tithes paid for the public lands , the salt works , the mines , the customs , etc .


The location of the ancient city of Heliopolis is the suburb of Ain Shams ( , " Eye of the Sun " ) .


The metropolis began to encroach on the fertile Nile Delta , prompting the government to build desert satellite towns and devise incentives for city-dwellers to move to them .


The famous Khan al-Khalili is a commercial hub which also integrated caravanserais ( also known as " khan " s ) .


sociology , physics , environmental science , computer science , engineering , economics , biology , ecology , pandemic crisis management , and philosophy .


An early proponent of chaos theory was Henri Poincaré .


In 1898 , Jacques Hadamard published an influential study of the chaotic motion of a free particle gliding frictionlessly on a surface of constant negative curvature , called " Hadamard 's billiards " .


In 1963 , Benoit Mandelbrot found recurring patterns at every scale in data on cotton prices .


There , Bernardo Huberman presented a mathematical model of the eye tracking disorder among schizophrenics .


For example , a study on models of Canadian lynx showed there was chaotic behavior in the population growth .


Better models of warning signs of fetal hypoxia can be obtained through chaotic modeling .


Four of the five moons of Pluto rotate chaotically .


For example , in modeling group behavior in which heterogeneous members may behave as if sharing to different degrees what in Wilfred Bion 's theory is a basic assumption , researchers have found that the group dynamic is the result of the individual dynamics of the members : each individual reproduces the group dynamics in a different scale , and the chaotic behavior of the group is reflected in each member .


The prey can survive the attack and die afterwards from internal bleeding or circulatory shock .


It is said to be approximately high , and stands and hops in a fashion similar to that of a kangaroo .


This legend may have originated from the vampire bat , an animal endemic to the region .


An important stopover for migratory birds , the mudflats and marsh are the location of the Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge .


The fish population is managed and substantial sport fishing is practiced , with anglers targeting smelt , lake trout and smallmouth bass .


Fish species present in the lake include lake trout , landlocked salmon , brown trout , rainbow trout , smallmouth bass , smelt , alewife , atlantic salmon , black crappie , bluegill , pickerel , largemouth bass , northern pike , pumpkinseed sunfish , rock bass , and yellow perch .


The streak was broken on October 8 , 1988 , with a 16 – 13 victory over archrival Princeton University .


At a forum at the university during the 2008 presidential election campaign , both John McCain and Barack Obama said that the university should consider reinstating ROTC on campus .


Cells with secondary cell walls can be rigid , as in the gritty sclereid cells in pear and quince fruit .


Similar lists existed in ancient China , Korea and Japan .


The Buddha ’s teaching regarding the four elements is to be understood as the base of all observation of real sensations rather than as a philosophy .


According to Galen , these elements were used by Hippocrates in describing the human body with an association with the four humours : yellow bile ( fire ) , black bile ( earth ) , blood ( air ) , and phlegm ( water ) .


By the time of Antoine Lavoisier , for example , a list of elements would no longer refer to classical elements .


Fire is considered to be both hot and dry , and according to Plato is associated with the tetrahedron .


Heraclitus considered " fire " to be the most fundamental of all elements .


This is a concept that anticipates both the four classical elements of Empedocles and Aristotle 's transmutation of the four elements into one another .


According to Plato , it is associated with the octahedron ; air is considered to be both hot and wet .


Ancient and modern opinions differ as to whether he identified air by the divine name Hera , Aidoneus or even Zeus .


Other things associated with air and blood in ancient and medieval medicine included the season of spring , since it increased the qualities of heat and moisture ; the sanguine temperament ( of a person dominated by the blood humour ) ; hermaphrodite ( combining the masculine quality of heat with the feminine quality of moisture ) ; and the northern point of the compass .


The element water is also associated with Chandra or the moon and Shukra , who represent feelings , intuition and imagination .


Black bile was the humor identified with earth , since both were cold and dry .


Beyond those classical attributes , the chemical substance salt , was associated with earth and its alchemical symbol was a downward-pointing triangle , bisected by a horizontal line .


According to one such tradition , she is the personification of the Earth itself ; according to another , its actual mother , being " Prithvi Tattwa " , the essence of the element earth .


The programme was adapted into the TV series " Jam " , which aired in 2000 .


The campaign was taken so seriously by Gwynfor Evans , former president of Plaid Cymru , that he threatened the government with a hunger strike were it not to honour the plans .


Four new idents were filmed by Jonathan Glazer , which featured the shapes in various real-world scenes depicting the " discovery " and " origins " of the shapes .


The remit also involves an obligation to provide programming for schools , and a substantial amount of programming produced outside of Greater London .


Another film would have focused on compulsive male masturbators and a third was to feature the sex educator Dr Betty Dodson .


There were 246 complaints to Ofcom as of 25 April 2007 , including allegations that the programme falsified data .


The Appalachian Mountains separated these birds from the eastern " C. " c .


In 1937 , three parakeets resembling this species were sighted and filmed in the Okefenokee Swamp of Georgia .


A year later , in 1938 , a flock of parakeets was apparently sighted by a group of experienced ornithologists in the swamps of the Santee River basin in South Carolina .


The construction of the Cologne Cathedral , which was begun in 1248 , halted in 1473 , and not resumed until 1842 is one such example .


The use of forms known from the renaissance were extremely exaggerated .


The sprawling decoration with floral ornamentation and mythological motives raised until about 1720 to the Rococo era .


Enclosure was aided by the greatly enhanced access provided by the construction of the first turnpike roads over the moor : the road between Ashburton and Two Bridges opened in around 1800 , for instance .


His body was found by the monks of Tavistock Abbey , who started to carry it back .


He was recruited by the newly founded University of the Witwatersrand .


It was replaced by those of Joseph Greenberg in 1955 and in 1963 .


Researchers at IBM investigated chord keyboards for both typewriters and computer data entry as early as 1959 , with the idea that it might be faster than touch-typing if some chords were used to enter whole words or parts of words .


She hosted an annual backyard barbecue for the Santa Monica High School cross country and track team , which her daughters captained .


Knowing the components of cells and how cells work is fundamental to all biological sciences while also being essential for research in biomedical fields such as cancer , and other diseases .


For this process , the cell goes through the steps of the cell cycle and development which involves cell growth , DNA replication , cell division , regeneration , and cell death .


Younger speakers in the Greater Vancouver area do not even raise , causing " about " to sound somewhat like " a boat " .


In the Greater Toronto Area , the " th " sound is often pronounced .


In the area north of the Regional Municipality of York and south of Parry Sound , notably among those who were born in the surrounding communities , the cutting down of syllables and consonants often heard , e.g. " probably " is reduced to " prolly " or " probly " when used as a response .


Uniquely , many people in Montreal distinguish between words like " marry " versus " merry " and " parish " versus " perish " , " stage " for " apprenticeship " or " internship " , " copybook " for a notebook , " dépanneur " or " dep " for a convenience store , and " guichet " for an ABM / ATM .


This usage is identical to that in Northern Ireland .


The year of school before grade 1 is usually called " Kindergarten " , with the exception of Nova Scotia , where it is called " grade primary " .


meaning " please repeat or say again " " – are also found in parts of the British Isles and Australia .


For example , the foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid has faces consisting of three proteins named VP1 – 3 .


In the context of preventing endophthalmitis , a complication of cataract surgery , a 2017 systematic review found moderate evidence that using chloramphenicol eye drops in addition to an antibiotic injection ( cefuroxime or penicillin ) will likely lower the risk of endophthalmitis , compared to eye drops or antibiotic injections alone .


The most serious side effect of chloramphenicol treatment is aplastic anaemia .


Intravenous chloramphenicol use has been associated with the so-called gray baby syndrome .


In Mexico , this is the treatment used prophylactically in newborns .


It has recently been discovered to be a life-saving cure for chytridiomycosis in amphibians .


Also in the 1950 s , painter and writer Brion Gysin more fully developed the cut-up method after accidentally re-discovering it .


In 1969 , poets Howard W. Bergerson and J. A. Lindon developed a cut-up technique known as vocabularyclept poetry , in which a poem is formed by taking all the words of an existing poem and rearranging them , often preserving the metre and stanza lengths .


From the early 1970 s , David Bowie used cut-ups to create some of his lyrics .


" Congenital iodine deficiency syndrome " is a medical condition present at birth marked by impaired physical and mental development , due to insufficient thyroid hormone ( hypothyroidism ) often caused by insufficient dietary iodine during pregnancy .


It is one cause of underactive thyroid function at birth , called congenital hypothyroidism , and also referred to as " cretinism " .


Symptoms may include goiter , poor length growth in infants , reduced adult stature , thickened skin , hair loss , enlarged tongue , a protruding abdomen ; delayed bone maturation and puberty in children ; and mental deterioration , neurological impairment , impeded ovulation , and infertility in adults .


Dwarfism may also be caused by malnutrition or other hormonal deficiencies , such as insufficient growth hormone secretion , hypopituitarism , decreased secretion of growth hormone-releasing hormone , deficient growth hormone receptor activity and downstream causes , such as insulin-like growth factor 1 ( IGF-1 ) deficiency .


The number of chloroplasts per cell varies from one , in unicellular algae , up to 100 in plants like " Arabidopsis " and wheat .


With one exception ( the amoeboid " Paulinella chromatophora " ) , all chloroplasts can probably be traced back to a single endosymbiotic event , when a cyanobacterium was engulfed by the eukaryote .


The first definitive description of a chloroplast ( " Chlorophyllkörnen " , " grain of chlorophyll " ) was given by Hugo von Mohl in 1837 as discrete bodies within the green plant cell .


In 1884 , Eduard Strasburger adopted the term " chloroplasts " ( " Chloroplasten " ) .


and the amoeboid " Paulinella chromatophora " .


The exception is the amoeboid " Paulinella chromatophora " , which descends from an ancestor that took in a " Prochlorococcus " cyanobacterium 90 – 500 million years ago .


Members of the genus " Dinophysis " have a phycobilin-containing often abbreviated as ctDNA , or " cpDNA " .


In chloroplasts of the plant " Arabidopsis thaliana " the RecA protein maintains the integrity of the chloroplast 's DNA by a process that likely involves the recombinational repair of DNA damage .


In some algae , the chloroplast takes up most of the cell , with pockets for the nucleus and other organelles , for example , some species of " Chlorella " have a cup-shaped chloroplast that occupies much of the cell .


Much of what we know about chloroplast division comes from studying organisms like " Arabidopsis " and the red alga " Cyanidioschyzon merolæ " .


The official constellation boundaries , as set by Eugène Delporte in 1930 , are defined by a polygon of four segments .


Other members include the blue-white stars Zeta , Lambda and both the components of the visual double star , Mu .


The flag of the Mercosur trading zone displays the four brightest stars .


Neighboring peoples in the Marshall Islands saw these stars as a fish .


The dogs ' heads are marked by Alpha and Beta Centauri .


Epsilon Carinae and Upsilon Carinae are double stars visible in small telescopes .


About 13860 , the bright Canopus ( - 0.7 ) will have a greater declination than - 82 ° .


The constellation was introduced in 1612 or 1613 by Petrus Plancius .


The space probe " Voyager 1 " is moving in the direction of this constellation , though it will not be nearing any of the stars in this constellation for many thousands of years , by which time its power source will be long dead .


A yellow-white main sequence star , it has a white dwarf companion .


The fourth-magnitude HD 66141 , which has evolved into an orange giant towards the end of its life cycle , was discovered to have a planet in 2012 .


APIN " , this name was also applied to the pairs of Pi and Pi Orionis and Zeta and Xi Orionis .


APIN " ; the constellation represents a rooster .


This name may have also referred to the constellation Lepus .


The constellation boundaries , as set by Eugène Delporte in 1930 , are defined by a polygon of 14 sides .


The system is from Earth , the shortest distance to a northern-hemisphere star of the first magnitude .


Gamma , Epsilon and Eta Canis Minoris lie nearby , Its colour is obvious when seen through binoculars .


Lying 222 ± 7 light-years away with an apparent magnitude of 4.39 , HD 66141 is 6.8 " billion years old and has evolved into an orange giant of spectral type K2III with a diameter around 22 times that of the Sun , and weighing 1.1 solar masses .


The planet has a mass around 6 times that of Jupiter and a period of 480 days .


An S-type star , it has a period of 337.8 days .


It is a remote binary star system where a white dwarf and low mass star orbit each other close enough for the former star to draw material off the latter and form an accretion disc. This material builds up until it erupts dramatically .


The faint red star in the center of the red circle is Proxima Centauri .


Its alpha and beta stars are used as " pointer stars " to help observers find the constellation Crux .


Alpha Centauri , the closest star system to the Sun , has a high proper motion ; it will be a mere half-degree from Beta Centauri in approximately 4000 years .


The next bright object is Gamma Centauri , a binary star which appears to the naked eye at magnitude 2.2 .


3 Centauri is a double star with a blue-white hued primary of magnitude 4.5 and a secondary of magnitude 6.0 .


V810 Centauri is a semiregular variable .


It was mentioned by Eudoxus in the 4th century BC and Aratus in the 3rd century BC .


The Southern Cross , which is now regarded as a separate constellation , was treated by the ancients as a mere asterism formed of the stars composing the centaur 's legs .


It is not to be confused with the more warlike centaur represented by the zodiacal constellation Sagittarius .


" Corvus " is a genus of birds including species commonly known as crows , ravens , rooks and jackdaws .


It is one of the 48 " constellations listed by the 2nd - century astronomer Ptolemy , and remains one of the 88 modern constellations .


The brightest star is the magnitude " 2.2 Alpha Coronae Borealis .


ADS 9731 and Sigma Coronae Borealis are multiple star systems with six and five components respectively .


It is bordered by Boötes to the north and west , Serpens Caput to the south , and Hercules to the east .


The official constellation boundaries , as set by Eugène Delporte in 1930 , are defined by a polygon of eight segments ( " illustrated in infobox " ) .


The seven stars that make up the constellation 's distinctive crown-shaped pattern are all 4th - magnitude stars except for the brightest of them , Alpha Coronae Borealis .


The other six stars are Theta , Beta , Gamma , Delta , Epsilon and Iota Coronae Borealis .


Chinese astronomers deemed nine stars to make up the asterism , adding Pi and Rho Coronae Borealis .


The official constellation boundaries , as set by Eugène Delporte in 1930 , are defined as a polygon of 28 segments .


Mu Cygni is a binary star with an optical tertiary component .


Psi Cygni is a binary star visible in small amateur telescopes , with two white components .


61 Cygni is a binary star visible in large binoculars or a small amateur telescope .


While the compact object is thought to be a neutron star or possibly a black hole , it is possible that the object is instead a more exotic stellar remnant , possibly the first discovered quark star , hypothesized due to its production of cosmic rays that cannot be explained if the object is a normal neutron star .


SS Cygni is a dwarf nova which undergoes outbursts every 7 – 8 days .


Chi Cygni is a red giant and the second-brightest Mira variable star at its maximum .


One of the most notable systems is the Kepler-11 system , containing six transiting planets , all within a plane of approximately one degree .


Gliese 777 , another naked-eye multiple star system containing a yellow star and a red dwarf , also contains a planet .


The planet is somewhat similar to Jupiter , but with slightly more mass and a more eccentric orbit .


The Kepler-22 system is also notable , in that its extrasolar planet is believed to be the first " Earth-twin " planet ever discovered .


It is one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd - century astronomer Ptolemy , and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations .


Other cultures have likened the pattern to a turtle , ostrich nest , a tent , or even a hut belonging to a rock hyrax .


Alpha and Beta Coronae Australis are the two brightest stars with an apparent magnitude of around 4.1 .


The variable stars R and TY Coronae Australis light up parts of the nebula , which varies in brightness accordingly .


The official constellation boundaries , as set by Eugène Delporte in 1930 , are defined by a polygon of four segments ( " illustrated in infobox " ) .


Mu Coronae Australis , a yellow star of spectral type G5 .


5III and apparent magnitude 5.21 , was labelled by Johann Elert Bode and retained by Benjamin Gould , who deemed it bright enough to warrant naming .


It is a 710-metre ( 2,329 " ft ) granite peak located in the Tijuca Forest , a national park .


Several of these are based on the site of The Kings of Wessex Academy , which is the largest educational establishment .


After including Shipham the total population of the ward taken at the 2011 census is 6,842 .


The constellation 's brightest star , Alpha Caeli , is only of magnitude " 4.45 , and only one other star , ( Gamma ) γ " Caeli , is brighter than magnitude 5 .


Its main asterism consists of four stars , and twenty stars in total are brighter than magnitude " 6.5 .


( Delta ) δ " Caeli , also of magnitude " 5.05 , is a B-type subgiant and is much farther from Earth , at .


( Nu ) ν " Caeli is another double star , containing a white giant of magnitude " 6.07 and a star of magnitude " 10.66 , with unknown spectral type .


( Zeta ) ζ " Caeli is even fainter , being only of magnitude " 6.36 .


In 2012 , the system was found to contain a giant planet , and there is evidence for a second substellar body .


It would seem , however , that its real roots are to be found among some of the various names for trumpets used around the Renaissance and Baroque eras .


According to Johann Gottfried Walther , writing in 1732 , the reason for the name is that " it sounded from far off not unlike a trumpet " .


Historically other woods , notably boxwood , were used .


The Hanson Clarinet Company manufactures clarinets using a grenadilla compound reinforced with ebonite , known as " BTR " ( bithermal-reinforced ) grenadilla .


The clarinet uses a single reed made from the cane of " Arundo donax " , a type of grass .


The final development in the modern design of the clarinet used in most of the world today was introduced by Hyacinthe Klosé in 1839 .


Meanwhile , Pee Wee Russell had a long and successful career in small groups .


Bob Wilber , active since the 1950 s , is a more eclectic jazz clarinetist , playing in several classic jazz styles .


The clarinetist Stan Hasselgård made a transition from swing to bebop in the mid-1940 s .


A few players such as Buddy DeFranco , Tony Scott , and Jimmy Giuffre emerged during the 1950 s playing bebop or other styles .


A little later , Eric Dolphy ( on bass clarinet ) , Perry Robinson , John Carter , Theo Jörgensmann , and others used the clarinet in free jazz .


Ivo Papazov is a well-known clarinetist in this genre .


It is located on the Skora river , a tributary of the Kaczawa at an average altitude of above sea level .


It is a small northern constellation that was created by Johannes Hevelius in the 17th " century .


The official constellation boundaries , as set by Delporte in 1930 , Covering 465 " square degrees , it ranks 38th of the 88 " constellations in size .


It is named after the chameleon , a kind of lizard .


The brighter star is Delta Chamaeleontis , a blue-hued star of magnitude 4.4 .


Delta Chamaeleontis , the dimmer component , is an orange-hued giant star of magnitude 5.5 .


It appears in a telescope at about the same apparent size as Jupiter .


Some plant foods , such as avocado , flax seeds and peanuts , contain phytosterols , which compete with cholesterol for absorption in the intestines , reduce the absorption of both dietary and bile cholesterol .


Based on this evidence , along with other claims implicating low HDL and high LDL levels in cardiovascular disease , many health authorities advocate reducing LDL-cholesterol through changes in diet in addition to other lifestyle modifications .


Other evidences such as metabolic ward and lab studies , including a study where rats subjected to high-fat or fructose diets became dyslipidemic are similarly questionable , given indications of an increase of produced visceral fat , which occurs as a result of metabolic differences in the processing of fructose .


Research into the causes of this state is relatively limited , but some studies suggest a link with depression , cancer , and cerebral hemorrhage .


The American Heart Association recommends testing cholesterol every 4 – 6 years for people aged 20 years or older .


A separate set of American Heart Association guidelines issued in 2013 indicates that patients taking statin medications should have their cholesterol tested 4 – 12 weeks after their first dose and then every 3 – 12 months thereafter .


Additional drivers of heart disease include diabetes mellitus , hypertension ( or use of anti-hypertensive medication ) , low HDL level , family history of coronary artery disease ( CAD ) and hypercholesterolemia , and cigarette smoking .


Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing the metaphase of cell division ( where all chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell in their condensed form ) .


In animal cells , chromosomes reach their highest compaction level in anaphase during chromosome segregation .


The number of human chromosomes was published in 1923 by Theophilus Painter .


Other organisms have more than two copies of their chromosome types , such as bread wheat , which is " hexaploid " and has six copies of seven different chromosome types " – 42 chromosomes in total .


Chromosomal aberrations are disruptions in the normal chromosomal content of a cell and are a major cause of genetic conditions in humans , such as Down syndrome , although most aberrations have little to no effect .


Abnormal numbers of chromosomes or chromosome sets , called aneuploidy , may be lethal or may give rise to genetic disorders .


Controlling access between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea , the Strait of Gibraltar is an important military and commercial chokepoint .


The present form of the cathedral dates to refurbishments undertaken in the late 17th century , combining baroque and neoclassical elements .


A " carcinogen " is any substance , radionuclide , or radiation that promotes carcinogenesis , the formation of cancer .


Common examples of non-radioactive carcinogens are inhaled asbestos , certain dioxins , and tobacco smoke .


Certain viruses such as hepatitis B and human papilloma virus have been found to cause cancer in humans .


Examples include the leopard 's spotted coat , the battledress of a modern soldier , and the leaf-mimic katydid 's wings .


Dinosaurs appear to have been camouflaged , as a 120 " million year old fossil of a " Psittacosaurus " has been preserved with countershading .


Similarly , desert animals are almost all desert coloured in tones of sand , buff , ochre , and brownish grey , whether they are mammals like the gerbil or fennec fox , birds such as the desert lark or sandgrouse , or reptiles like the skink or horned viper .


Disruptive patterns use strongly contrasting , non-repeating markings such as spots or stripes to break up the outlines of an animal or military vehicle , or to conceal telltale features , especially by masking the eyes , as in the common frog .


Predators like the leopard use disruptive camouflage to help them approach prey , while potential prey use it to avoid detection by predators .


For example , a caddisfly larva builds a decorated case and lives almost entirely inside it ; a decorator crab covers its back with seaweed , sponges , and stones .


The nymph of the predatory masked bug uses its hind legs and a ' tarsal fan ' to decorate its body with sand or dust .


Most methods of crypsis therefore also require suitable cryptic behaviour , such as lying down and keeping still to avoid being detected , or in the case of stalking predators such as the tiger , moving with extreme stealth , both slowly and quietly , watching its prey for any sign they are aware of its presence .


However , insects such as hoverflies and dragonflies use motion camouflage : the hoverflies to approach possible mates , and the dragonflies to approach rivals when defending territories .


Animals such as chameleon , frog , flatfish such as the peacock flounder , squid and octopus actively change their skin patterns and colours using special chromatophore cells to resemble their current background , or , as in most chameleons , for signalling .


However , Smith 's dwarf chameleon does use active colour change for camouflage .


However , Arctic hares which live in the far north of Canada , where summer is very short , remain white year-round .


At the same time in Australia , zoologist William John Dakin advised soldiers to copy animals ' methods , using their instincts for wartime camouflage .


Some marine animals such as jellyfish have gelatinous bodies , composed mainly of water ; their thick mesogloea is acellular and highly transparent .


A transparency of 50 percent is enough to make an animal invisible to a predator such as cod at a depth of ; better transparency is required for invisibility in shallower water , where the light is brighter and predators can see better .


Most fish in the upper ocean such as sardine and herring are camouflaged by silvering .


" Oneirodes " had a particularly black skin which reflected only 0.044 % of 480nm wavelength light .


Species with this adaptation are widely dispersed in various orders of the phylogenetic tree of bony fishes ( Actinopterygii ) , implying that natural selection has driven the convergent evolution of ultra-blackness camouflage independently many times .


The common cuckoo , a brood parasite , provides examples of mimesis both in the adult and in the egg .


Camouflage is occasionally used to make built structures less conspicuous : for example , in South Africa , towers carrying cell telephone antennae are sometimes camouflaged as tall trees with plastic branches , in response to " resistance from the community " .


Modern artists such as Ian Hamilton Finlay have used camouflage to reflect on war .


In science fiction , " Camouflage " is a novel about shapeshifting alien beings by Joe Haldeman .


The next development in accuracy occurred after 1656 with the invention of the pendulum clock by Christiaan Huygens .


The bowl-shaped outflow is the simplest form of a water clock and is known to have existed in Babylon and in Egypt around the 16th century BC .


Other regions of the world , including India and China , also have early evidence of water clocks , but the earliest dates are less certain .


A mercury-powered cogwheel clock was created by Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi .


and some 15th - century clocks in Germany indicated minutes and seconds .


The cross-beat escapement was invented in 1584 by Jost Bürgi , who also developed the remontoire .


These clocks helped the 16th - century astronomer Tycho Brahe to observe astronomical events with much greater precision than before .


Galileo had the idea to use a swinging bob to regulate the motion of a time-telling device earlier in the 17th century .


Christiaan Huygens , however , is usually credited as the inventor .


During the 20th century there was a common misconception that Edward Barlow invented " rack and snail " striking .


George Graham invented the deadbeat escapement for clocks in 1720 .


In 1815 , Francis Ronalds published the first electric clock powered by dry pile batteries .


The first crystal oscillator was invented in 1917 by Alexander M. Nicholson after which , the first quartz crystal oscillator was built by Walter G. Cady in 1921 .


Calibration of the caesium standard atomic clock was carried out by the use of the astronomical time scale " ephemeris time " ( ET ) .


The sound is either spoken natural language , ( e.g. " The time is twelve thirty-five " ) , or as auditory codes ( e.g. number of sequential bell rings on the hour represents the number of the hour like the bell , Big Ben ) .


John Harrison created the first highly accurate marine chronometer in the mid-18 th century .


Prior to his death , he had , at his wife Plectrude 's urging , designated Theudoald , his grandson by their late son Grimoald , his heir in the entire realm .


Having made the proper preparations , in April 716 , he fell upon the triumphant army near Malmedy as it was returning to its own province .


Therefore , late in 718 , he laid waste their country to the banks of the Weser , the Lippe , and the Ruhr .


Auda married Thierry IV ( a Count of Autun and Toulouse ) .


The program was anchored by veteran journalist John Hart .


It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east , Massachusetts to the north , New York to the west , and Long Island Sound to the south .


Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns , such as a white church , a colonial meeting house , a colonial tavern or inn , several colonial houses , and so on , establishing a scenic historical appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism .


Some of the men were veterans of the winter encampment at Valley Forge , Pennsylvania the previous winter .


On May 13 , 1940 , Igor Sikorsky made an untethered flight of the first practical helicopter .


Harold George Nelson was the inaugural member serving between 16 December 1922 and 15 September 1934 .


It is closely affiliated with , but is independent from the Liberal Party of Australia ( a mainly urban , pro-private enterprise party comprising mainly liberal membership ) and the National Party of Australia ( a conservative-liberal agrarian and regional interests party ) .


The canton and town still bearing the name of St. Gallen testify to how well one of his disciples succeeded .


General aviation services are available through Concord Municipal Airport , located east of downtown .


Abraham Lincoln spoke at the old hall in 1860 ; Theodore Roosevelt , at the new hall in 1912 .


To prevent abuse and maximize availability , the server software may limit the availability to clients .


Ideally , a peer does not need to achieve high availability because other , redundant peers make up for any resource downtime ; as the availability and load capacity of peers change , the protocol reroutes requests .


The regional capital is Dublin City which is also the national capital .


David Hume highlighted this problem of induction and argued that causal relations were not true " a priori " .


In 1928 , Frederick G. Creed developed a single-turn spring clutch ( see above ) that was particularly well suited to the repetitive start-stop action required in teleprinters .


In 1942 , two employees of Pitney Bowes Postage Meter Company developed an improved single turn spring clutch .


A calf table or calf cradle , also called a " tipping table " or a " throw down " , is a relatively modern invention designed to be used on calves that are being branded .


One design , developed at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine in Saskatoon , Saskatchewan , included " cow comfort " as a unique aspect of care using this type of apparatus .


In one documented case of " real-life cow tipping " , a pregnant cow rolled into a gully in New Hampshire and became trapped in an inverted state until rescued by volunteer fire fighters .


Sometimes this occurs as a result of muscle and nerve damage from calving or a disease such as mastitis .


Appropriate medical treatment for a downer cow to prevent further injury includes rolling from one side to the other every three hours , careful and frequent feeding of small amounts of fodder , and access to clean water .


According to Aeschylus , she promised him her favors , but after receiving the gift , she went back on her word and refused the god .


She goes to her inevitable offstage murder by Clytemnestra with full knowledge of what is to befall her .


John Dryden in the 17th century and Alexander Pope in the 18th century were both well known for their writing in heroic couplets .


She left the year after to teach her sisters , Emily and Anne , at home , returning in 1835 as a governess .


She became pregnant shortly after her marriage in June 1854 but died on 31 March 1855 , almost certainly from hyperemesis gravidarum , a complication of pregnancy which causes excessive nausea and vomiting .


In 1839 she took up the first of many positions as governess to families in Yorkshire , a career she pursued until 1841 .


One of his greatest editorial achievements was the publication of the first major English-language edition of the works of Søren Kierkegaard .


Paul V was a notable benefactor of the order .


It was purchased by General Dynamics in 1985 , then by Textron , Inc. , in 1992 .


The closures included the new facility that was opened in August 2008 at a cost of US $ 25 M , plus the McCauley Propeller Systems plant .


On May 2 , 2011 , CEO Jack J. Pelton retired .


When his father was hired to work on infrastructure projects in Siberia , he and his mother traveled to be with him .


He also did not participate in the planning or execution of the Warsaw Uprising .


Obligate carnivores include the axolotl , which consumes mainly worms and larvae in its environment , but if necessary will consume algae , as well as all felids ( including the domestic cat ) which require a diet of primarily animal flesh and organs .


Specifically , cats have high protein requirements and their metabolisms appear unable to synthesize essential nutrients such as retinol , arginine , taurine , and arachidonic acid ; thus , in nature , they must consume flesh to supply these nutrients .


In South America , sparassodonts were dominant , while Australia saw the presence of several marsupial predators , such as the dasyuromorphs and thylacoleonids .


They were located around and founded Serdika ( , , ) , now Sofia in Bulgaria , which reflects their ethnonym .


They attempted to overthrow Ptolemy II .


Examples of individuals buried with both female jewellery and weaponry have been identified , such as the Vix Grave , and there are questions about the gender of some skeletons that were buried with warrior assemblages .


In 1845 , his family moved to Le Havre in Normandy .


In 1876 , Camille Monet became ill with tuberculosis .


Their second son , Michel , was born on 17 March 1878 .


In the summer of that year , the family moved to the village of Vétheuil where they shared a house with the family of Ernest Hoschedé , a wealthy department store owner and patron of the arts .


According to accounts by Timaeus of Tauromenium , she purchased from a local tribe the amount of land that could be covered by an oxhide .


Whereas by AD 14 , Rome had at least 750,000 inhabitants and in the following century may have reached 1 " million , the cities of Alexandria and Antioch numbered only a few hundred thousand or less .


About the Byrsa , the citadel area to the north , considering its importance our knowledge of it is patchy .


A temple at Amman ( 1400 – 1250 BC ) excavated and reported upon by J.B. Hennessy in 1966 , shows the possibility of bestial and human sacrifice by fire .


Graham , Knuth and Patashnik have proposed that the notation be used to indicate that and are relatively prime and that the term " prime " be used instead of coprime ( as in is " prime " to ) .


The Xerox Alto had a multitasking microprogammable control unit that performed almost all I / O. This design provided most of the features of a modern PC with only a tiny fraction of the electronic logic .


The idea of microprogramming was introduced by Maurice Wilkes in 1951 as an intermediate level to execute computer program instructions .


1 " and Elisabeth Jacquet de La Guerre ( 1665 – 1729 ) who wrote six sonatas for violin and basso continuo .


There were also some composers who , while not otherwise cellists , did write cello-specific repertoire , such as Nikolaus Kraft who wrote six cello concertos .


Other major composers who wrote concertante works for him include Messiaen , Jolivet , Berio and Penderecki .


As a self-sufficient ensemble , its most famous repertoire is Heitor Villa-Lobos ' first of his Bachianas Brasileiras for cello ensemble ( the fifth is for soprano and 8 cellos ) .


The lead vocalist of the band , Brendon Urie , also did the recording of the cello solo .


In jazz , bassists Oscar Pettiford and Harry Babasin were among the first to use the cello as a solo instrument ; both tuned their instrument in fourths , an octave above the double bass .


Fred Katz ( who was not a bassist ) was one of the first notable jazz cellists to use the instrument 's standard tuning and arco technique .


A traditional cello has a spruce top , with maple for the back , sides , and neck .


Other woods , such as poplar or willow , are sometimes used for the back and sides .


The neck leads to a pegbox and the scroll , which are all normally carved out of a single piece of wood , usually maple .


Ebony is usually used for the tuning pegs , fingerboard , and nut , but other hardwoods , such as boxwood or rosewood , can be used .


Traditionally , bows are made from pernambuco or brazilwood .


The consul Quintus Lutatius Catulus had not dared to fortify the passes , but instead he had retreated behind the river Po , and so the land was open to the invaders .


It was a devastating defeat , two chieftains , Lugius and Boiorix , died on the field , while the other chieftains Caesorix and Claodicus were captured .


Another fan of the team is baseball legend Hank Aaron .


In 1995 , the People 's Republic of China adopted a new 5.8 × 42 mm cartridge to match the modern trend in military ammunition , replacing the previous 7.62 × 39 mm and 5.45 × 39 mm round as standard .


A number of sauces are also based on fermented soybeans , including hoisin sauce , ground bean sauce and yellow bean sauce .


There are also different sauces preferred by regional cuisines , oyster sauce , fish sauce and furu ( fermented tofu ) are also widely used .


The most famous one is moon cake , used to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival .


These are baked wheat flour based confections , with different stuffings including red bean paste , jujube and various of others .


Baijiu and huangjiu as strong alcoholic beverages are preferred by many people as well .


A small shot of fruit vinegar is served as an appetizer in Shanxi .


Formal studies took him first to Bucharest , then to Munich , then to the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris from 1905 to 1907 .


He worked for two years in the workshop of Antonin Mercié of the École des Beaux-Arts , and was invited to enter the workshop of Auguste Rodin .


The sculpture has been interpreted by some as symbolizing her obsession with the penis and her lifelong quest to achieve vaginal orgasm , with the help of Sigmund Freud .


The restoration of this ensemble was spearheaded by the World Monuments Fund and was completed in 2004 .


He was succeeded by his nephew Claus de Werve .


Local officials engaged in a show of force to enforce the controversial state legislative decision to move the county seat from Manton .


Christmas tree farming has been important to the area agricultural industry .


Its capital and largest city is Heraklion , located on the north shore of the island .


The Peloponnese is to the region 's northwest .


Humans have inhabited the island since at least 130,000 years ago , during the Paleolithic age .


Off the south coast , the island of Gavdos is located south of Hora Sfakion and is the southernmost point of Europe .


The fertile region around Ierapetra , on the southeastern corner of the island , is renowned for its exceptional year-round agricultural production , with all kinds of summer vegetables and fruit produced in greenhouses throughout the winter .


From west to east these are : Chania , Rethymno , Heraklion , and Lasithi .


Dairy products are important to the local economy and there are a number of speciality cheeses such as mizithra , anthotyros , and kefalotyri .


The island is well served by ferries , mostly from Athens , by ferry companies such as Minoan Lines and ANEK Lines .


A number of city states developed in the Archaic period .


EU citizens have the right to freely buy property and reside with little formality .


Other terrestrial mammals include subspecies of the Cretan marten , the Cretan weasel , the Cretan badger , the long-eared hedgehog , and the edible dormouse .


Bat species include : Blasius 's horseshoe bat , the lesser horseshoe bat , the greater horseshoe bat , the lesser mouse-eared bat , Geoffroy 's bat , the whiskered bat , Kuhl 's pipistrelle , the common pipistrelle , Savi 's pipistrelle , the serotine bat , the long-eared bat , Schreibers ' bat and the European free-tailed bat .


There are several species of scorpion such as Euscorpius carpathicus whose venom is generally no more potent than a mosquito bite .


The Paximadia islands were the birthplace of the goddess Artemis and the god Apollo .


Their mother , the goddess Leto , was worshipped at Phaistos .


The name refers to the islands " around " ( " cyclic " , κυκλάς ) the sacred island of Delos .


More accurate archaeology has revealed the broad outlines of a farming and seafaring culture that had emigrated from Anatolia c .


Note : " Provinces no longer hold any legal status in Greece .


and by classical writers , such as Strabo .


and further developed by Haskell Curry .


Frege showed that it was sufficient to provide solutions for the single argument case , as it was possible to transform a function with multiple arguments into a chain of single-argument functions instead .


is a publisher of role-playing games established by Greg Stafford in 1975 .


Former Pittsburgh Steelers defensive coordinator Dom Capers was named the first head coach .


The following week , they beat Chicago 29 – 21 on the road , but lost key players Julius Peppers , a defensive end , and DeShaun Foster , a running back , who were both injured during the game .


The team finished the 2007 season with a record after losing quarterback Jake Delhomme early in the season due to an elbow injury .


Perry Fewell finished out the season as interim coach , going 0 - 4 .


On January 15 , 2020 , Luke Kuechly announced his retirement from the league .


The first such instance was in 1998 , when the team paired their white jerseys with silver pants in a game against the Indianapolis Colts .


The team moved into Wrigley Field , which was home to the Chicago Cubs baseball franchise .


The late 1960 s and early-1970 s produced notable players like Dick Butkus , Gale Sayers , and Brian Piccolo , who died of embryonal carcinoma in 1970 .


After a disappointing 2009 campaign with the team going 7 – 9 , Mike Martz was hired as the team 's offensive coordinator on February 1 , 2010 .


Offensive coordinator Mike Martz resigned , and eventually retired , and was replaced by offensive line coach Mike Tice .


On January 16 , 2015 , John Fox accepted a four-year deal to become head coach .


Backup quarterback Brian Hoyer started the next three games before a broken arm put him out for the season .


General manager Ryan Pace signed receivers Taylor Gabriel , Allen Robinson , and Trey Burton in the offseason to complement second-year quarterback Mitchell Trubisky .


The game also was known as the first " indoor football " game , as the game took place in indoor Chicago Stadium due to a blizzard at the time .


In 2012 , Charles Tillman set the record for most forced fumbles in a single game with 4 against the Tennessee Titans .


com would later state , that according to the voters " if they had included a long-snapper on the team it would have been Patrick Mannelly " .


Their divisional opponents are the Baltimore Ravens , Cleveland Browns and Pittsburgh Steelers .


The city 's world-renowned zoo was also home to a rare white Bengal tiger .


There was also a complication : Major League Baseball 's Cincinnati Reds were in need of a facility to replace the antiquated , obsolete Crosley Field , which they had used since 1912 .


The team held training camp at Wilmington College in Wilmington , through the 1968 preseason .


They began to emerge from that dismal period into a new era of increased consistency , however , after the team finished with its worst record in history , 2 – 14 , which led to the hiring of Marvin Lewis as head coach in 2003 .


One notable game was a 27 – 27 tie against the Washington Redskins which was played in London in 2016 .


which included Laura Vikmanis , the oldest cheerleader in league history .


Europeans who arrived in the Yangtze River Delta region applied this local name to the whole river .


Intensive farming of fish in ponds spread using one type of carp who thrived in eutrophic water conditions and who feeds on algae , causing widespread pollution .


Three exceptions are the semi-aquatic Eurasian otter , water deer and Père David 's deer .


The game was later released for Android on October 29 , 2012 .


" Game Informer " called it its 15th favourite game in 2001 .


In 2008 , readers of Dengeki Online voted it the eighth best game ever made .


For example , in " Obelia " there are feeding individuals , the gastrozooids ; the individuals capable of asexual reproduction only , the gonozooids , blastostyles and free-living or sexually reproducing individuals , the medusae .


On the other hand , some large jellyfish are considered a delicacy in East and Southeast Asia .


The " sea wasp " " Chironex fleckeri " has been described as the world 's most venomous jellyfish and is held responsible for 67 " deaths , although it is difficult to identify the animal as it is almost transparent .


A naturalistic conception of divinity , regarding it as inseparable from the mundane world , once had an important place within the movement , especially represented by Mordecai Kaplan .


Right-wing decisors , like Rabbi Joel Roth , maintained that such elements are naturally a factor in formulating conclusions , but may not alone serve as a justification for adopting a position .


A more complete solution was offered in 1983 by Rabbi Joel Roth , and was also enacted to allow women rabbinic ordination .


In 1994 , the movement accepted Judith Hauptman 's principally egalitarian argument , according to which equal prayer obligations for women were never banned explicitly and it was only their inferior status that hindered participation .


Besides the RA , the international Cantors Assembly supplies prayer leaders for congregations worldwide .


Rabbis Benjamin Hirsch Auerbach , Solomon Klein and others published more complaisant tracts , but also requested an explanation .


The contribution was solicited by Professor Cyrus Adler .


It was conditioned on the appointment of Solomon Schechter as Chancellor .


Consisting of seven members , it was chaired by the traditionalist Rabbi Louis Ginzberg , who already distinguished himself in 1922 , drafting a responsa that allowed to use grape juice rather than fermented wine for " Kiddush " on the background of Prohibition .


Female ordination was a matter of great friction until 1983 , when Rabbi Joel Roth devised a solution that entailed women voluntarily accepting the obligation to pray regularly .


Optimism is founded on the theodicy of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and says all is for the best because God is a benevolent deity .


It is included in the Encyclopædia Britannica collection " Great Books of the Western World " .


The operetta " Candide " was originally conceived by playwright Lillian Hellman , as a play with incidental music .


" ( 1977 ) or simply is a book by Leonardo Sciascia .


Other high-performance vendors like Control Data Corporation implemented similar designs .


At 8:46:46 " a.m. , six seconds after the tower was struck by the plane , a Goldman Sachs server issued an alert saying that its trading system had gone offline because it was unable to connect with the server .


Its reproductive success is partly because of opportunistic feeding : it has a diet , unusual among anurans , of both dead and living matter .


Historically , the cane toads were used to eradicate pests from sugarcane , giving rise to their common name .


Juvenile cane toads may be confused with species of the genus " Uperoleia " , but their adult colleagues can be distinguished by the lack of bright colouring on the groin and thighs .


In tropical regions , such as their native habitats , breeding occurs throughout the year , but in subtropical areas , breeding occurs only during warmer periods that coincide with the onset of the wet season .


Predators outside the cane toad 's native range include the whistling kite ( " Haliastur sphenurus " ) , the rakali ( " Hydromys chrysogaster " ) , the black rat ( " Rattus rattus " ) and the water monitor ( " Varanus salvator " ) .


Before the early 1840 s , the cane toad had been introduced into Martinique and Barbados , from French Guiana and Guyana .


An introduction to Jamaica was made in 1844 in an attempt to reduce the rat population .


Despite its failure to control the rodents , the cane toad was introduced to Puerto Rico in the early 20th century in the hope that it would counter a beetle infestation ravaging the sugarcane plantations .


While it was able to establish itself on some islands , such as Barbados , Jamaica , and Puerto Rico , other introductions , such as in Cuba before 1900 and in 1946 , and on the islands of Dominica and Grand Cayman , were unsuccessful .


Today , they reduce the mosquito and mole cricket populations .


The cane toad has been spotted in Carriacou and Dominica , the latter appearance occurring in spite of the failure of the earlier introductions .


The cane toad was introduced into Fiji to combat insects that infested sugarcane plantations .


The cane toad was introduced into New Guinea to control the hawk moth larvae eating sweet potato crops .


The cane toad naturally exists in South Texas , but attempts ( both deliberate and accidental ) have been made to introduce the species to other parts of the country .


The toad has been hunted as a food source in parts of Peru , and eaten after the careful removal of the skin and parotoid glands .


The second theory is that the rules of the modern game of croquet arrived from Ireland during the 1850 s , perhaps after being brought there from Brittany , where a similar game was played on the beaches .


At the time , the surrounding areas were woods which made up part of Anne Boleyn 's hunting grounds .


These plans never materialised mainly due to the Great Depression .


The roofing was financed through the sale of Alan Mullery to Tottenham Hotspur F.C. and many stand during games at the back rows of the stand .


The hosts won 1 – 0 with Lee Hendrie ’s sixty seventh-minute goal with 15,747 in attendance .


Because of this , Cedar Falls Utilities provides gigabit speeds to residents , this became available on January 14 , 2015 .


Since , they have played at Progressive Field .


Starting third baseman Ken Keltner and outfielder Ray Mack were both drafted in 1945 taking two more starters out of the lineup .


The next season , he was be dealt to the Boston Red Sox where he won 20 games in 1978 and another 17 in 1979 .


The team suffered a tragedy during spring training of , when a boat carrying pitchers Steve Olin , Tim Crews , and Bob Ojeda crashed into a pier .


Four pitchers , including presumed game four starter Jaret Wright , surrendered nine runs in relief .


He traded Roberto Alomar to the New York Mets for a package that included outfielder Matt Lawton and prospects Alex Escobar and Billy Traber .


The off-season was highlighted by the acquisition of top prospect Andy Marte from the Boston Red Sox .


The team brought back Kenny Lofton for his third stint with the team in late July .


Manny Acta was hired as the team 's 40th manager on October 25 , 2009 .


Key acquisitions included free agent 1B / OF Nick Swisher and CF Michael Bourn .


The demand for tickets was so great that all 81 home games were sold out before Opening Day on at least three separate occasions .


This labour shortage prompted the authorities to import slaves from Indonesia and Madagascar .


In the 1948 national elections , the National Party won on a platform of " apartheid " ( racial segregation ) under the slogan of " swart gevaar " .


Many of these residents were relocated to the Cape Flats .


On Robben Island , a former penitentiary island from the city , many famous political prisoners were held for years .


In one of the most famous moments marking the end of apartheid , Nelson Mandela made his first public speech since his imprisonment , from the balcony of Cape Town City Hall hours after being released on 11 February 1990 .


The remaining ecosystems are partially protected through a system of over 30 nature reserves – including the massive Table Mountain National Park .


The African National Congress , the national ruling party , received 57 seats .


Cape Point is recognised as the dramatic headland at the end of the Cape Peninsula .


In addition takes passengers on its cargo service to the Canary Islands and Hamburg , Germany .


The next season , veteran catcher Johnny Kling left the team to become a professional pocket billiards player .


In 1914 , advertising executive Albert Lasker obtained a large block of the club 's shares and before the 1916 season assumed majority ownership of the franchise .


Longtime infielder-manager Phil Cavarretta , who had been a key player during the 1945 season , was fired during spring training in 1954 after admitting the team was unlikely to finish above fifth place .


Although shortstop Ernie Banks would become one of the star players in the league during the next decade , finding help for him proved a difficult task , as quality players such as Hank Sauer were few and far between .


The 1998 season would begin on a somber note with the death of legendary broadcaster Harry Caray .


Kevin Tapani led the club with a career high 19 wins while Rod Beck anchored a strong bullpen and Mark Grace turned in one of his best seasons .


Third baseman Gary Gaetti hit the eventual game winning homer in the playoff game .


Unfortunately , the bats went cold in October , as manager Jim Riggleman 's club batted .


The club responded by hiring Dusty Baker and by making some major moves in 2003 .


Additionally , the 2004 season led to the departure of popular commentator Steve Stone , who had become increasingly critical of management during broadcasts and was verbally attacked by reliever Kent Mercker .


In the offseason they signed Alfonso Soriano to a contract at eight years for $ 136 million , and replaced manager Dusty Baker with fiery veteran manager Lou Piniella .


The offseason was dominated by three months of unsuccessful trade talks with the Orioles involving 2B Brian Roberts , as well as the signing of Chunichi Dragons star Kosuke Fukudome .


Mike Quade took over as the interim manager for the final 37 games of the year .


Hall of Famer Ernie Banks died of a heart attack on January 23 , 2015 , shortly before his 84th birthday .


Before the season , in an effort to shore up their lineup , free agents Ben Zobrist , Jason Heyward and John Lackey were signed .


The team signed starting pitcher Yu Darvish to a six-year , $ 126 million contract and veteran closer Brandon Morrow to two-year , $ 21-million contract , in addition to Tyler Chatwood and Steve Cishek .


In 2009 , the tradition spilled over to the NHL as Chicago Blackhawks fans adopted a red and black " W " flag of their own .


by Steve Goodman was recorded early in the 1984 season , and was heard frequently during that season .


Released in March 1989 , it helped launch the career of the then relatively unknown singer Lisa Stansfield .


The tribute featured graphic novel writer Alan Moore and artist Bill Drummond and a performance by experimental theatre legend Ken Campbell .


Dating back to the ancient spice trade " , " seasonings such as cinnamon , cassia , cardamom , ginger , and turmeric were important items of commerce in the earliest evolution of trade .


Cinnamon and cassia found their way to the Middle East at least 4,000 years ago .


Many staple foods eaten across the continent , such as corn ( maize ) , beans , and potatoes have native origins .


The asteroid 1604 Tombaugh , discovered in 1931 , is named after him .


This position was also very near the galactic equator , making it almost impossible to find such an object within the dense concentration of background stars of the Milky Way .


As of 2013 , all games are produced and televised by AT&T SportsNet Rocky Mountain .


In Egypt stone blocks were cemented together with a mortar made of sand and roughly burnt gypsum ( CaSO · 2HO ) , which often contained calcium carbonate ( CaCO ) .


The material was called " pozzolana " from the town of Pozzuoli , west of Naples where volcanic ash was extracted .


Any preservation of this knowledge in literature from the Middle Ages is unknown , but medieval masons and some military engineers actively used hydraulic cement in structures such as canals , fortresses , harbors , and shipbuilding facilities .


This was developed by James Parker in the 1780 s , and finally patented in 1796 .


Some trace elements , such as chromium , from impurities naturally present in the raw materials used to produce cement may cause allergic dermatitis .


A team at the University of Edinburgh has developed the ' DUPE ' process based on the microbial activity of " Sporosarcina pasteurii " , a bacterium precipitating calcium carbonate , which , when mixed with sand and urine , can produce mortar blocks with a compressive strength 70 % of that of conventional construction materials .


Bob Castellini has been chief executive officer since 2006 .


Pitchers Joey Jay , Jim O'Toole , and Bob Purkey led the staff .


Their beloved manager Fred Hutchinson died of cancer just weeks after the end of the 1964 season .


The tipping point came in 1967 with the appointment of Bob Howsam as general manager .


Over the years , the rule was controversial , but persisted well into the ownership of Marge Schott .


On at least one occasion , in the early 1980 s , enforcement of this rule lost them the services of star reliever and Ohio native Rollie Fingers , who would not shave his trademark handlebar mustache in order to join the team .


Meanwhile , Dave Concepción blossomed at shortstop .


The starting pitchers included Don Gullett , Fred Norman , Gary Nolan , Jack Billingham , Pat Darcy , and Clay Kirby .


The bullpen featured Rawly Eastwick and Will McEnaney combining for 37 saves , and veterans Pedro Borbón and Clay Carroll .


In addition to ace starter Tom Seaver ; the remaining starters were Mike LaCoss , Bill Bonham , and Paul Moskau .


Dave Tomlin and Mario Soto worked middle relief with Tom Hume and Doug Bair closing .


The outfield was staffed with Paul Householder , César Cedeño , and future Colorado Rockies & Pittsburgh Pirates manager Clint Hurdle on opening day .


But the colorful Brad " The Animal " Lesley was unable to consistently excel , and former all-star Jim Kern was a big disappointment .


The season also saw the midseason firing of Manager John McNamara , who was replaced as skipper by Russ Nixon .


However , he was unable to capitalize on an excess of young and highly touted position players including Kurt Stillwell , Tracy Jones , and Kal Daniels by trading them for pitching .


In the off season , Paul O'Neill was traded to the New York Yankees for outfielder Roberto Kelly .


Adam Dunn emerged as consistent home run hitter , including a home run against José Lima .


The rear of the building features a three-story wall containing a baseball for every hit Pete Rose had during his career .


After taking a 2 – 0 lead with road victories at AT&T Park , they headed home looking to win the series .


In return , they acquired young talents such as Eugenio Suárez and Anthony DeSclafani .


Along with the retired player and manager number , the following broadcasters are honored with microphones by the broadcast booth : Marty Brennaman , Waite Hoyt , and Joe Nuxhall .


George Grande , who hosted the first " SportsCenter " on ESPN in 1979 , was the play-by-play announcer , usually alongside Chris Welsh , from 1993 until his retirement during the final game of the 2009 season .


In other countries where liberal conservative movements have entered the political mainstream , such as Italy and Spain , the terms liberal and conservative may be synonymous .


A secondary meaning for the term liberal conservatism that has developed in Europe is a combination of more modern conservative ( less traditionalist ) views with those of social liberalism .


In contrast to the tradition-based definition of conservatism , some political theorists such as Corey Robin define conservatism primarily in terms of a general defense of social and economic inequality .


Examples of authoritarian conservative leaders include António de Oliveira Salazar and Engelbert Dollfuss .


He accepted the liberal ideals of private property and the economics of Adam Smith ( 1723 – 1790 ) , but thought that economics should remain subordinate to the conservative social ethic , that capitalism should be subordinate to the medieval social tradition and that the business class should be subordinate to aristocracy .


The party became known as the Conservative Party as a result , a name it has retained to this day .


The Colombian Conservative Party , founded in 1849 , traces its origins to opponents of General Francisco de Paula Santander 's 1833 – 1837 administration .


Founded in 1915 , the Conservative People 's Party of Denmark .


The party was a junior partner in coalition with the Liberals from 2001 to 2011 .


In 1952 , Marshal Alexandros Papagos created the Greek Rally as an umbrella for the right-wing forces .


The Independent Greeks , a newly formed political party in Greece , has also supported conservatism , particularly national and religious conservatism .


While conservatism has been seen as an appeal to traditional , hierarchical society , some writers such as Samuel P. Huntington see it as situational .


The Liberal Party of Australia adheres to the principles of social conservatism and liberal conservatism .


After the 2018 election , Lega Nord and the Five Star Movement formed the current right-wing populist government .


Notable liberal individuals whose ideas contributed to classical liberalism include John Locke , Jean-Baptiste Say , Thomas Robert Malthus and David Ricardo .


Classical liberals agreed with Thomas Hobbes that government had been created by individuals to protect themselves from each other and that the purpose of government should be to minimize conflict between individuals that would otherwise arise in a state of nature .


Adopting Thomas Robert Malthus 's population theory , they saw poor urban conditions as inevitable , believed population growth would outstrip food production and thus regarded that consequence desirable because starvation would help limit population growth .


Their policies of low public expenditure and low taxation were adopted by William Ewart Gladstone when he became Chancellor of the Exchequer and later Prime Minister .


Jeremy Bentham and James Mill , although advocates of " laissez-faire " , non-intervention in foreign affairs , and individual liberty , believed that social institutions could be rationally redesigned through the principles of utilitarianism .


By the 1870 s , Herbert Spencer and other classical liberals concluded that historical development was turning against them .


Neo-classical liberalism has continued into the contemporary era , with writers such as John Rawls .


The " cat " ( " Felis catus " ) is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal .


Failure to control breeding of pet cats by spaying and neutering , as well as abandonment of pets , resulted in large numbers of feral cats worldwide , contributing to the extinction of entire bird , mammal , and reptile species , and evoking population control .


Cats were first domesticated in the Near East around 7500 BCE .


The etymology of this word is unknown , but it may have simply arisen from a sound used to attract a cat .


A juvenile cat is referred to as a " kitten " .


The scientific name " Felis catus " was proposed by Carl Linnaeus in 1758 for a domestic cat .


In 2007 , it was considered a subspecies of the European wildcat , " F. silvestris catus " , following results of phylogenetic research .


The earliest known indication for the taming of an African wildcat ( " F. " lybica " ) was excavated close by a human Neolithic grave in Shillourokambos , southern Cyprus , dating to about 9,200 to 9,500 " years before present .


The earliest known evidence for the occurrence of the domestic cat in Greece dates to around 1200 " BCE .


The domestic cat has a smaller skull and shorter bones than the European wildcat .


When it overpowers its prey , a cat delivers a lethal neck bite with its two long canine teeth , inserting them between two of the prey 's vertebrae and severing its spinal cord , causing irreversible paralysis and death .


Some cat breeds are prone to having extra digits ( “ polydactyly ” ) .


It can detect ultrasound , which enables it to detect ultrasonic calls made by rodent prey .


This response is also produced by other plants , such as silver vine ( " Actinidia polygama " ) and the herb valerian ; it may be caused by the smell of these plants mimicking a pheromone and stimulating cats ' social or sexual behaviors .


Most adult cats are lactose intolerant ; the sugar in milk is not easily digested and may cause soft stools or diarrhea .


This condition , pica , can threaten their health , depending on the amount and toxicity of the items eaten .


The morula forms 124 hours after conception .


Traditionally , this surgery was performed at around six to nine months of age , but it is increasingly being performed before puberty , at about three to six months .


Cats have been used for millennia to control rodents , notably around grain stores and aboard ships , and both uses extend to the present day .


Cat pelts have been used for superstitious purposes as part of the practise of witchcraft , and are still made into blankets in Switzerland as folk remedies believed to help rheumatism .


An example would be the belief that a black cat " crossing one 's path " leads to bad luck , or that cats are witches ' familiars used to augment a witch 's powers and skills .


According to Norman Davies , the assembled people " shrieked with laughter as the animals , howling with pain , were singed , roasted , and finally carbonized " .


These clades include smaller clades , such as chipmunk or ant , each of which consists of even smaller clades .


The clade " rodent " is in turn included in the mammal , vertebrate and animal clades .


Thomas Henry Huxley , an early advocate of evolutionary theory , proposed a revised taxonomy based on a concept strongly resembling clades , although the term " clade " itself would not be coined until 1957 by his grandson , Julian Huxley .


The science that tries to reconstruct phylogenetic trees and thus discover clades is called phylogenetics or cladistics , the latter term coined by Ernst Mayr ( 1965 ) , derived from " clade " .


" Clade " is the title of a novel by James Bradley , who chose it both because of its biological meaning and also because of the larger implications of the word .


The project began to improve telephone , internet , television and radio broadcast services throughout Afghanistan .


Confederate Colonel John Pemberton , wounded in the American Civil War and addicted to morphine , also had a medical degree and began a quest to find a substitute for the problematic drug .


The proprietor of the bottling works was Joseph A. Biedenharn .


Besides this , the high caloric value of the sugars themselves can contribute to obesity .


Though the structures found in the ruins of Mohenjo-daro were walled , it is far from clear that these structures were defensive against enemy attacks .


It was an autochthonous evolution of Atlantic Bronze Age communities .


The use of mail as battlefield armour was common during the Iron Age and the Middle Ages , becoming less common over the course of the 16th and 17th centuries when plate armour and more advanced firearms were developed .


In Japan mail is called " kusari " which means chain .


The other earliest depiction , a relief " pithos " fragment from Crete ( c .


In addition , a limestone relief fragment from Taranto ( c .


In some developing countries , grain in the form of rice , wheat , millet , or maize constitutes a majority of daily sustenance .


Early Neolithic villages show evidence of the development of processing grain .


About 8,000 years ago , they were domesticated by ancient farming communities in the Fertile Crescent region .


Barley and rye are the hardiest cereals , able to overwinter in the subarctic and Siberia .


Other warm climate cereals , such as sorghum , are adapted to arid conditions .


The Italian Renaissance produced ideas or institutions by which men living in society could be held together in harmony .


Instead , the focus of Western history shifts to the development of the nation-state , accompanied by increasing atheism and secularism , culminating with the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars at the turn of the 19th century .


During the Renaissance , great advances occurred in geography , astronomy , chemistry , physics , math , manufacturing , and engineering .


It is smaller than its close relative , the wolf , and slightly smaller than the closely related eastern wolf and red wolf .


Coyotes have hybridized with wolves to varying degrees , particularly in eastern North America .


Eastern coyotes tend to reach sexual maturity at two years of age , much later than in western coyotes .


The newly mated pair then establishes a territory and either constructs their own den or cleans out abandoned badger , marmot , or skunk earths .


The male plays an active role in feeding , grooming , and guarding the pups , but abandons them if the female goes missing before the pups are completely weaned .


As long as it was not in direct competition with the wolf , the coyote ranged from the Sonoran Desert to the alpine regions of adjoining mountains or the plains and mountainous areas of Alberta .


With the extermination of the wolf , the coyote 's range expanded to encompass broken forests from the tropics of Guatemala and the northern slope of Alaska .


Coyote ranges expanded during the 19th and 20th centuries following the extirpation of wolves , while coyotes were driven to extinction on Isle Royale after wolves colonized the island in the 1940 s .


One study conducted in Yellowstone National Park , where both species coexist , concluded that the coyote population in the Lamar River Valley declined by 39 % following the reintroduction of wolves in the 1990 s , while coyote populations in wolf inhabited areas of the Grand Teton National Park are 33 % lower than in areas where they are absent .


In the eastern Sierra Nevadas , coyotes compete with cougars over mule deer .


" Tularemia " , a bacterial disease , infects coyotes from tick bites and through their rodent and lagomorph prey , and can be deadly for pups .


Trematode " Metorchis conjunctus " can also infect coyotes .


The blood-drinking " A. caninum " is particularly dangerous , as it damages the coyote through blood loss and lung congestion .


Coyote attacks on humans are uncommon and rarely cause serious injuries , due to the relatively small size of the coyote , but have been increasingly frequent , especially in California .


For example , according to the National Agricultural Statistics Service , coyotes were responsible for 60.5 % of the 224,000 sheep deaths attributed to predation in 2004 .


Coyotes are often attracted to dog food and animals that are small enough to appear as prey .


The film promotes and defends Fidel Castro and includes two interviews with him .


Daniel Jones wrote " The values of cardinal vowels cannot be learnt from written descriptions ; they should be learnt by oral instruction from a teacher who knows them " .


The provision of diacritics by the International Phonetic Association further implies that intermediate values may also be reliably recognized , so that a phonetician might be able to produce and recognize not only a close-mid front unrounded vowel and an open-mid front unrounded vowel but also a mid front unrounded vowel , a centralized mid front unrounded vowel , and so on .


Eastern gray squirrel , and other rodents are abundant , as well as cottontail rabbits and the nocturnal opossum and raccoon .


Rock Bridge State Park is open year round giving visitors the chance to scramble , hike , and bicycle through a scenic environment .


This time they were successful , beating Burnley 1 – 0 , with Chris Duffy scoring the only goal of the day .


His replacement , Guy Luzon , ensured there was no relegation battle by winning most of the remaining matches , resulting in a 12th - place finish .


He was replaced by former player Lee Bowyer as caretaker manager who guided them to a 6th - place finish , but lost in the play-off semi-final .


It is practised in regions with snow-covered landscapes , including Northern Europe , Canada , Russia , the United States , Australia and New Zealand .


Formerly they were made of wood or bamboo .


Each league 's award is voted on by members of the Baseball Writers ' Association of America , with one representative from each team .


While some converted , many others left for Portugal , France , Italy ( including the Papal States ) , Netherlands , Poland , the Ottoman Empire , and North Africa .


In April 1990 , Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney reduced the order from 210 to 120 aircraft .


Lisp is especially notable as both the first functional programming language and the first language to introduce garbage collection .


All canids are digitigrade , meaning they walk on their toes .


With the exception of the four-toed African wild dog ( " Lycaon pictus " ) , five toes are on the forefeet , but the pollex ( thumb ) is reduced and does not reach the ground .


The ratio between the trigonid and the talonid indicates a carnivore 's dietary habits , with a larger trigonid indicating a hypercarnivore and a larger talonid indicating a more omnivorous diet .


Canids such as the dhole are now endangered in the wild because of persecution , habitat loss , a depletion of ungulate prey species and transmission of diseases from domestic dogs .


The attribution of Ligurian is controversial .


The economic concept dates back to Adam Smith and the idea of obtaining larger production returns through the use of division of labor .


As noticed , among the others , by Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen ( 1966 ) and Nicholas Kaldor ( 1972 ) these economies are not economies of scale .


It is also a justification for free trade policies , since some economies of scale may require a larger market than is possible within a particular country - for example , it would not be efficient for Liechtenstein to have its own carmaker if they only sold to their local market .


By exploring common themes in the lives and works of logician Kurt Gödel , artist M. C. Escher , and composer Johann Sebastian Bach , the book expounds concepts fundamental to mathematics , symmetry , and intelligence .


The tagline " a metaphorical fugue on minds and machines in the spirit of Lewis Carroll " was used by the publisher to describe the book .


It is also spoken on the islands of Heligoland , in the North Sea .


Although many of these live on the mainland , most are found on the islands , notably Sylt , Föhr , Amrum , and Heligoland .


The biggest influence was perhaps Matisse .


Although they did not contain any microprocessors , but were built around transistor-transistor logic ( TTL ) , Hewlett-Packard calculators as far back as 1968 had various levels of programmability comparable to microcomputers .


Another early system , the Kenbak-1 , was released in 1971 .


Many companies such as DEC , National Semiconductor , Texas Instruments offered their microcomputers for use in terminal control , peripheral device interface control and industrial machine control .


The BASIC language , which was easier to learn and use than raw machine language , became a standard feature .


In 1978 he met Salvador Dalí , with whom he would later create a joint project with a sculpture from each other in their museums .


The influential folklorist Cecil Sharp felt that these competing variants of a traditional song would undergo a process of improvement akin to biological natural selection : only those new variants that were the most appealing to ordinary singers would be picked up by others and transmitted onward in time .


Literary interest in the popular ballad form dates back at least to Thomas Percy and William Wordsworth .


The 1930 s saw the beginnings of larger scale themes , commonalities , themes and linkages in folk music developing in the populace and practitioners as well , often related to the Great Depression .


Woody Guthrie exemplifies songwriters and artists with such an outlook .


The dominant producers of iodine today are Chile and Japan .


Because of the specificity of its uptake by the human body , radioactive isotopes of iodine can also be used to treat thyroid cancer .


The primary risk from exposure to high levels of iodine-131 is the chance occurrence of radiogenic thyroid cancer in later life .


Other risks include the possibility of non-cancerous growths and thyroiditis .


In areas where there is little iodine in the diet , typically remote inland areas and semi-arid equatorial climates where no marine foods are eaten , iodine deficiency gives rise to hypothyroidism , symptoms of which are extreme fatigue , goitre , mental slowing , depression , weight gain , and low basal body temperatures .


Iodine deficiency is the leading cause of preventable intellectual disability , a result that occurs primarily when babies or small children are rendered hypothyroidic by a lack of the element .


Some people develop a hypersensitivity to products and foods containing iodine .


In astronomy and navigation , the " celestial sphere " is an abstract sphere that has an arbitrarily large radius and is concentric to Earth .


which appears to rotate westward overhead ; meanwhile , Earth underfoot seems to remain still .


Objects which are relatively near to the observer ( for instance , the Moon ) will seem to change position against the distant celestial sphere if the observer moves far enough , say , from one side of planet Earth to the other .


For instance , the " Astronomical Almanac " for 2010 lists the apparent geocentric position of the Moon on January 1 at 00:00:00 .


00 Terrestrial Time , in equatorial coordinates , as right ascension 6 57 48.86 , declination + 23 ° 30 ' 05.5 " .


Certain reference lines and planes on Earth , when projected onto the celestial sphere , form the bases of the reference systems .


As the celestial sphere is considered arbitrary or infinite in radius , all observers see the celestial equator , celestial poles , and ecliptic at the same place against the background stars .


Patients with Alzheimer 's disease have speech problems linked to dementia or progressive aphasias , which can include anomia .


For instance , deaf patients who have suffered a stroke can demonstrate semantic and phonological errors , much like hearing anomic patients .


In 1895 economist Joseph Shield Nicholson wrote that credit expansion and contraction was in fact the expansion and contraction of representative money .


Evidence is emerging that what has been called the " Laurentian " language appears to be more than one dialect or language .


In Morocco he had been banned several times for – as he puts it – speaking about injustice in the society .


Bleeding can be a symptom of miscarriage , but many women also have bleeding in early pregnancy and do n't miscarry .


Half of embryonic miscarriages ( 25 % of all miscarriages ) have an aneuploidy ( abnormal number of chromosomes ) .


Common chromosome abnormalities found in miscarriages include an autosomal trisomy ( 22 – 32 % ) , monosomy X ( 5 – 20 % ) , triploidy ( 6 – 8 % ) , tetraploidy ( 2 – 4 % ) , or other structural chromosomal abnormalities ( 2 % ) .


Several pre-existing diseases in pregnancy can potentially increase the risk of miscarriage , including diabetes , polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) , hypothyroidism , certain infectious diseases , and autoimmune diseases .


If hypotension , tachycardia , and anemia are discovered , exclusion of an ectopic pregnancy is important .


Half of embryonic miscarriages have aneuploidy ( an abnormal number of chromosomes ) .


In cases of uncertainty , ectopic pregnancy must be excluded using techniques like serial beta-hCG measurements .


Some organizations recommend delaying sex after a miscarriage until the bleeding has stopped to decrease the risk of infection .


Parents may be advised to wait even longer if they have experienced late miscarriage or molar pregnancy , or are undergoing tests .


A fetus that died before birth after this gestational age may be referred to as a stillbirth .


In cows , spontaneous abortion may be caused by contagious disease , such as brucellosis or " Campylobacter " , but often can be controlled by vaccination .


This approach was proposed by Hugo Münsterberg , Rudolf Arnheim , Sergei Eisenstein , and Béla Balázs .


The classical Hollywood cinema has a very distinct style , sometimes called the institutional mode of representation : continuity editing , massive coverage , three-point lighting , " mood " music , dissolves , all designed to make the experience as pleasant as possible .


A perfect example of formalist criticism of auteur style would be the work of Alfred Hitchcock .


It is spoken in all areas north of the tree line , including parts of the provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador , Quebec , to some extent in northeastern Manitoba as well as the Northwest Territories and Nunavut .


Later , he dreamed he saw Ptah handing him a sword and saying , " Take thou ( it ) and banish thou the fearful heart from thee .


" When the bowmen went forth , says the inscription , " Amun was with them as a shield .


Nancy Sandars uses the analogous name " land peoples " .


A few species ( in the genus " Bathymodiolus " ) have colonised hydrothermal vents associated with deep ocean ridges .


After fertilization , the eggs develop into a larval stage called a glochidium ( plural glochidia ) , which temporarily parasitizes fish , attaching themselves to the fish 's fins or gills .


Once the larval mussels attach to the fish , the fish body reacts to cover them with cells forming a cyst , where the glochidia remain for two to five weeks ( depending on temperature ) .


The main factors contributing to the decline of freshwater mussels include destruction from dams , increased siltation , channel modification , and the introduction of invasive species like the Zebra mussel .


They can also be eaten as " tigres " , a sort of croquette using the mussel meat , shrimps and other pieces of fish in a thick bechamel then breaded and fried in the clean mussel shell .


They are either prepared with drumsticks , breadfruit or other vegetables , or filled with rice and coconut paste with spices and served hot .


The dinoflagellates and their toxin are harmless to mussels , even when concentrated by the mussel 's filter feeding , but if the mussels are consumed by humans , the concentrated toxins cause serious illness , such as paralytic shellfish poisoning .


In 1903 , the mathematician Giuseppe Peano published his completely new approach to language construction .


When the soldiers left for the Crimean War and the site was dismantled , they buried barrels to avoid having to remove them .


Some of the barrels contained treacle and Chobham villagers who discovered and removed them were called " treacle miners " as a joke .


Local folklore about treacle mining was extended into history back to Roman Britain .


The village of Sabden in Lancashire cultivated a considerable body of folklore about local treacle mining in the 1930 s .


Video game localization coordinator and translator Jeremy Blaustein is her brother .


Some fish may no longer utilize the area if threatened with a constant rotating or noise-making object .


A $ 100 bill featuring Harriet Tubman is one known example .


Then the ban was enforced again by Leo V in 815 .


Angels ( and often John the Baptist ) have wings because they are messengers .


Islands like that of Tinos are renowned for possessing such " miraculous " icons , and are visited every year by thousands of pilgrims .


Major monuments for this change include the murals at Daphni Monastery ( c .


Trilogy " by Robert Anton Wilson and Robert Shea .


Supporters also donate pizzas for IDF soldiers .


The name refers to Jonathan Klein 's comment about bloggers working in their pajamas .


This resulted in a falling out with several other prominent right-wing bloggers , including Diana West , Robert Spencer , and Fjordman .


In 1985 , he graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute with an engineering diploma .


His own view was that the bakufu should strengthen its military and fight the foreigners , and was at odds with Ii Naosuke on the issue .


He was welcomed into the humanist circle of Thomas More , where he quickly built a high reputation .


In the view of art historian Ellis Waterhouse , his portraiture " remains unsurpassed for sureness and economy of statement , penetration into character , and a combined richness and purity of style " .


Reformers , swayed by the ideas of Zwingli , carried out acts of iconoclasm and banned imagery in churches .


His portrait of Georg Giese of Gdańsk shows the merchant surrounded with exquisitely painted symbols of his trade .


According to scholars , these are enigmatic references to learning , religion , mortality , and illusion in the tradition of the Northern Renaissance .


Royal " pictor maker " Lucas Horenbout earned more , and other continental artists also worked for the king .


The mural also depicted Jane Seymour and Elizabeth of York , but it was destroyed by fire in 1698 .


It is known from engravings and from a 1667 copy by Remigius van Leemput .


Karel van Mander stated in the early 17th century that he died of the plague .


In this , he may have been influenced by Andrea Mantegna .


Despite calls for reform , the church in the late 15th century was medieval in tradition .


The 17th - century diarist John Evelyn wrote that he " never saw so much reverence and kind of heavenly astonishment expressed in a picture " .


Archbishop Matthew Parker ( 1504 – 75 ) observed that his portraits were " dilineated and expressed to the resemblance of life " .


The north and south " celestial poles " are the two imaginary points in the sky where the Earth 's axis of rotation , indefinitely extended , intersects the celestial sphere .


Sigma Octantis is identified as the south pole star , more than one degree away from the pole , but with a magnitude of 5.5 it is barely visible on a clear night .


The second method uses Canopus ( the second-brightest star in the sky ) and Achernar .


These " clouds " are actually dwarf galaxies near the Milky Way .


The two toured Pech Merle cave to view the prehistoric paintings of bison and horses .


He died during the project , which was completed under his fellow commissioner M. Fulvius Flaccus .


Its cold , dense air does not extend usually above , lower than the Canadian Rockies .


Often , in the winter months , cool or cold dry air settles over the land in the vicinity of the Great Basin where it builds into a high-pressure cell or anticyclone that moves across the United States with a cold front on its leading edge .


After reaching the Atlantic Ocean , the moist environment brings on changes of the qualities of the air and the dissipation of the high-pressure cell or anticyclone as the cold air warms and becomes humid .


In the 1950 s when the woods were full of wild bee trees , and beehives were normally kept on most South Carolina farms , a farmer who grew ten acres ( 4 " ha ) of watermelons would be a large grower and probably had all the pollination needed .


Behind this increase lay a great success for the Sweden Democrats , gaining 2.9 % ( + 1.5 percentage points ) and thus surpassing the limit ( 2.5 % ) for gaining governmental financial support for the next four years .


The minority government of Göran Persson 's Social Democratic Party attempted , and failed , to gain enough seats to form a majority government , to continue as a minority or to govern in a red-green coalition government .


Their candidate for Prime Minister was the Moderate Party leader , Fredrik Reinfeldt .


The by-election was prompted by the resignation of the sitting member Deputy Premier Andrew Refshauge ( Labor Party ) on 10 August 2005 , in the wake of the resignation of Premier Bob Carr .


The Liberal Party did not stand a candidate .


As with most common names , the application of the word is arbitrary , since the larvae of sawflies are commonly called caterpillars as well .


Caterpillars of most species are herbivorous ( folivorous ) , but not all ; some ( about 1 % ) are insectivorous , even cannibalistic .


Such larvae are mainly seen in the sawfly suborder .


An example of caterpillars that use camouflage for defence is the species " Nemoria arizonaria " .


Most urticating hairs range in effect from mild irritation to dermatitis .


Many feed in protected environments , such as enclosed inside silk galleries , rolled leaves or by mining between the leaf surfaces .


Pine processionary ( " Thaumetopoea pityocampa " ) caterpillars often link into a long train to move through trees and over the ground .


Forest tent caterpillars cluster during periods of cold weather .


The European pied flycatcher is one species that preys upon caterpillars .


Most caterpillars are solely herbivorous .


Some , including the clothes moth , feed on detritus .


For example , the " cutworms " ( of the family Noctuidae ) hide at the base of plants during the day and only feed at night .