Social Factor


# Extraverion
Both quantity & quality of social relationships matter - Key difference between extraverts/introverts
- in the quantity of social relationships and time
- Introverts do NOT have “deeper” relationships than extraverts
<details><summary>

Why Extraverts happy</summary>

- cheerful disposition
- high quantity of social interaction
> socially “fearless”
- high activity level
> “move” body & spirit
- More focus on “gains” than “loss”
> more sensitive to rewards than punishments/costs
</details>

![](https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fsecure.notion-static.com%2F7d18c169-fd40-43bc-804f-5dfda691f21c%2FUntitled.png?table=block&id=a4001468-1e4c-49aa-aa51-1bd695972086&cache=v2)
> Even act extravert make us happy - introverts' predict false
> correctness of extravert is higher to (NA/PA) all


# Social interaction
**Sheer amount of social interaction - **correlated to SWB
**Week(**casual)** tie relation - ** important than strong tie when less strong tie interaction (even to strangers)
<details><summary>

Experience</summary>

Three condition - connection, solitude, control
- Prediction: Solitude > Connection
- Actual experience: Connection > Solitude (also true for Introverts)
</details>

> Collectivism has narrow trust radius → probably lowers interactions with “weak ties” (need socially “fearless”)

**but daily time spent socially & happiness reaches a “satiation” point**

# Activity level
Activity level correlated to happiness → idleness is pain
- experiment require to choose between in-front candy and far-away candy
![](https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fsecure.notion-static.com%2F6cc8c348-b643-40c9-a923-2f1fda624b02%2FUntitled.png?table=block&id=c0643688-7398-4d9d-9678-da31ab7749f1&cache=v2)
underestimated NA by do nothing → idleness
> idleness is so powerful so it is sometimes defined as motivation of most behavior


# Cognitive Styles, Beliefs
Another predictor of SWB, besides temperament & personality
However, more chance to change

### Optimism <-> Pessimist
tendency to believe things will happen in life as good - by genetic reason to fast recover (ex. self-efficacy)
- most people has optimism ← Physically & Psychologically, optimists do well to human
- “positive illusions” are prevalent (especially in Western cultures) - illusion of (have) control (self-overestimate)
- even to near person and friends, even beyond cognition either

<details><summary>

**Why do better**</summary>

- try things pessimists normally wouldn’t - try harder ← expecting to succeed
- **different future self-investment patterns **- Pessimists, compared to optimists, spread their time/resources around multiple domains → ultimately, hurting their chances of succeeding in any single domain (become generalist - optimist become specialist)
</details>

> But over optimism may get future depression


### Social Comparison
Key cognition Style of unhappy person
- enjoy absolute value - enjoy relative value
- Attending primarily to one’s own outcomes, acknowledging others’ successes without envy seems to offer a better prescription for well-being



