Ms Boyd, who was elected to represent Castle ward in 2012, became the first woman to lead Stirling Council.
She is currently the youngest council leader in Scotland and one of only four women.
She said her decision not to seek re-election was not easy but that it was time to address "personal priorities."
She said: "I am incredibly proud of what Labour-led Stirling Council has achieved over the last five years and I will continue to devote my energy to securing a City Deal for Stirling and the wider region.
"The reason I am not seeking re-election is very straightforward. I made a full time commitment to the role of leading Stirling Council for the past five years and it's now time for me to address some personal priorities.
"The welfare of my young family has always come first and at this time the means of achieving that is the continuing development of my legal career."
She added: "I will miss my role in local government and working with councillors from across the political spectrum as well as council staff who are dedicated to delivering the best public services in very challenging times."

The star, whose third album 25 was the biggest-seller of 2015, was overlooked by the awards, which are voted for by her fellow composers and songwriters.
Instead, Ed Sheeran, Jess Glynne and James Bay made the shortlist.
And, following the row over diversity at the Brits, Roots Manuva and Skepta were listed for best contemporary song.
Broadcaster Paul Gambaccini, who has hosted the ceremony since 1987, says grime and UK hip-hop had been recognised because of the way the awards were set up.
"This is what the Ivor judges do - they do deep listening, so the type of song that may not make it to The Brits has a chance here," he told the BBC.
The full list of nominees is as follows:
Best song musically and lyrically
Best contemporary song
Most performed work
Best album
Best film score
Best television soundtrack
The Ivor Novellos are highly prized by musicians because they are voted for by their peers.
"It's really nice that it's celebrating the graft," said Jack Patterson, from dance act Clean Bandit, who is nominated this year for co-writing Jess Glynne's number one hit Hold My Hand.
"It's about the stuff that you don't see - [working] in these grotty rooms for hours and hours with scraps of paper and gigabytes of discarded voice notes."
"Music awards are funny things - but these ones seem to be actually controlled by writers and the writing community," added The Villagers' Conor O'Brien, nominated for best album.
"Which feels good because writing can be a strange, solitary existence. So it can be nice to peek your head above the parapet and say 'hello.'"
Although Adele did not receive a nomination at the awards' launch, she could still pick up a prize when the ceremony takes place on 19 May in London, as there are special awards for "outstanding song collection" and "songwriter of the year", decided by a panel from the British Academy of Songwriters Composers and Authors.
The singer won the latter prize in 2011, in recognition of her breakthrough album, 21, while Rolling In The Deep won most performed work (recognising the song broadcast the most often on UK radio) at the same ceremony.
"All this means is that she was not nominated in the five categories in which there were judges," said Gambaccini.
"It does not mean that she hasn't won anything that was in the gift of the academy."
The Labour leader of Stirling Council, Johanna Boyd, has announced that she will not be standing in next year's local government elections.
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Adele has failed to win any nominations at the prestigious Ivor Novello Awards, which recognise achievement in songwriting.