Simply titled Chuck, the 2017 release will be "comprised primarily of new, original songs" and was recorded "in various studios around St Louis".
"I've worked on this record for a long time," Berry said in a statement. "Now I can hang up my shoes!"
The veteran musician said the record was dedicated to Themetta "Toddy" Berry, his "beloved" wife of 68 years.
Two of Berry's children, Charles Berry Jr and Ingrid Berry, will be heard on the album playing guitar and harmonica respectively.
Berry Jr said the new songs "cover the spectrum from hard-driving rockers to soulful, thought-provoking time capsules of a life's work."
Other longtime members of Berry's hometown backing group - among them bass player Jimmy Marsala and pianist Robert Lohr - will play on the disc.
In a career spanning seven decades, Berry has released a string of classic songs such as Roll Over Beethoven and Johnny B Goode.
He received a lifetime achievement Grammy in 1984 and was among the first inductees to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1986.
"It is a great honour to be a part of this record and the broader legacy of Chuck Berry," said Paul Roper of Dualtone Records.
"This body of work stands with the best of his career and will further cement Chuck as one of the greatest icons of rock and roll."
Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram at bbcnewsents, or if you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.

CAIR said Rose Hamid's eviction from the rally in South Carolina sent a "chilling message to American Muslims".
Ms Hamid was removed after making a silent protest on Friday.
Mr Trump's proposed ban on Muslims entering the US has been widely condemned.
During the rally in the town of Rock Hill, Ms Hamid stood up wearing a T-shirt bearing the words: "Salam, I come in peace" - "Salam" is the Arabic word for peace.
When she stood up, the crowd around her began chanting "Trump! Trump!" as they had reportedly been instructed to do in the event of any interruption, reports the BBC's Anthony Zurcher from Rock Hill.
Ms Hamid, a 56-year-old flight attendant, was then told by a security officer that she had to leave. She was booed as she was escorted out.
CAIR said that as well as apologising to Ms Hamid, Mr Trump should "make a clear statement that American Muslims are welcome as fellow citizens and as participants in the nation's political process".
Mr Trump has yet to respond.
At a Republican presidential forum in nearby Columbia,  on Saturday morning, Ohio Governor John Kasich condemned the way the Trump crowd handled the protest.
"We don't need to be shouting and booing and scaring somebody," Mr Kasich, who is competing against Mr Trump for the Republican presidential nomination, told the BBC. "This is not some high-school basketball game. We are all our brother's keeper."
He added that the next US president must be willing to work with moderate Muslim nations.
"That may not win me the Republican primary, but there's more to life than that," he added.
US rock and roll legend Chuck Berry has marked his 90th birthday by announcing his first new album in 38 years.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
The Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) has urged Republican presidential hopeful Donald Trump to apologise to a Muslim protester ejected from one of his rallies.