But experts said the schemes were doomed to fail.
The campaigners are protesting against a congress vote to repeal a key internet privacy law earlier this week.
They said the SJR34 resolution, which would let companies continue to sell user data without their consent, would infringe people's privacy.
President Donald Trump is expected to sign the order soon.
One campaign, run by Adam McElhaney, has raised $146,732 (Â£117,698) in four days on the crowd-funding platform GoFundMe - 9,648 people have made donations.
Mr McElhaney said he planned to "turn the tables" on all of those who had voted to ditch the law.
"I plan on purchasing the internet histories of all legislators, congressmen, executives, and their families and making them easily searchable at [my website] searchinternethistory.com," he said
"Anything they have looked at, searched for, or visited on the internet will now be available for everyone to comb through," he added.
Mr McElhaney's site is also inviting votes on which politician's data should be purchased first, with Speaker of the House and Republican Paul Ryan topping the list.
Another campaign, run by actor Misha Collins, has raised $62,000 towards a $500m target.
He said: "Since congress has made our privacy a commodity, let's band together to buy their privacy,"
"This GoFundMe [campaign] will pay to purchase the data of Donald Trump and every congressperson who voted for SJR34, and to make it publicly available."
But several reports suggested the plans were technically illegal.
The US Telecommunications Act prohibits the sharing of "individually identifiable" customer information except under specific circumstances.
Marketers may access user browsing data, but only in aggregate, for the purposes of targeted advertising.
And internet service providers (ISPs) would suffer huge brand damage if they sold off identifiable personal data.
Mike Masnick, founder of the Techdirt blog, said: "Here's the real problem: you can't buy congress's internet data.
"You can't buy my internet data. You can't buy your internet data. That's not how this works."
On Tuesday, the House of Representatives voted to repeal the Obama-era law, which required ISPs to obtain permission before sharing personal information - including location data.
The law was set to take effect at the end of this year.
Supporters of the move to repeal the law said it would increase competition, but critics said it would have a "chilling effect" on online privacy.

Davina Ayrton, 34, admitted being sentenced for having the images in 2014, but denies committing rape in a garage in Portsmouth in 2004.
The girl, aged 15 at the time, met Ms Ayrton, then called David, on the day of the attack, the jury was told.
Portsmouth Crown Court also heard the girl had run away from home.
Ms Ayrton, who has a son, admitted being previously sentenced at Bournemouth Crown Court in January last year.
When Ann-Marie Talbot, representing Ms Ayrton, asked her why she entered guilty pleas, she replied: "Because I was guilty of them."
Ms Ayrton admitted being in the garage in the autumn of 2004 and drinking four cans of Foster's beer but denied drinking vodka because, she said: "I was on benefits at the time and didn't have enough money".
The attack is alleged to have taken place while two other people were asleep nearby.
The teenager, who cannot be identified, said she had "only drunk a can and a half of Foster's" and clearly recollected the events.
The court heard that Ms Ayrton has learning difficulties and told a worker at the care home where she lives in Fordingbridge, Hampshire, about the incident in 2014.
But she denied confessing to the care worker that she was a paedophile, or saying: "I have always known there was something wrong with me and I need help."
Ms Talbot asked the defendant about her sexuality, and whether she had "made any physical changes or enhancements" to her body or was taking any medication.
The defendant replied "No, I have not" and said she changed her name in 2012.
Ms Ayrton denies one charge of rape between October and November 2004.
The trial continues.
The organisers of two privacy campaigns say they plan to buy, then sell, the internet browsing histories of some of America's best-known politicians.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
A transgender woman accused of raping a girl when still living as a man, has a conviction of possessing indecent images of children, a court has heard.