Charlie Alliston, of Trothy Road, Bermondsey, was 18 when he allegedly hit Kim Briggs as she crossed Old Street, east London, in February 2016.
The Old Bailey heard a witness saw the cyclist fly "through the air".
Mr Alliston, now 20, denies manslaughter and causing bodily harm by wanton or furious driving.
In court, prosecutor Duncan Penny QC read a statement from eyewitness David Callan who said he was walking in Old Street at about 12:15 BST when he heard a male voice calling.
"It made me look up immediately, just in time to see a collision between a cyclist and a pedestrian," he said.
Mr Callan said the crash caused the cyclist to fly "through the air" while the pedestrian "fell at the point of impact".
"The cyclist clattered to the ground further down the road but quickly sprang to their feet and shouted something at the pedestrian... who lay on the ground," the court was told.
Mark Wyeth QC, defending, suggested his client had the right of way as the lights on the stretch of Old Street were green.
He added that Mrs Briggs could have avoided danger by using a pedestrian crossing less than 10 metres away.
Jurors heard the 44-year-old HR consultant suffered "non-survivable brain injuries" and died in hospital a week later.
They were previously told Mr Alliston was using a bike which which had no front brake so was not legal to use on the road.
The court has been told crash investigators had concluded Mr Alliston would have been able to stop and avoid the impact if the bike had been fitted with two brakes.
The trial continues.

Many children there are forced to work to make money for their families because the country is very poor.
But there are not enough checks by the government to stop this happening.
Mining can be very dangerous and the children often work very long hours in hot, cramped conditions.
A campaign group called Amnesty International have said today that phone companies are not doing enough to make sure that the cobalt in their phones hasn't come from children working in the mines.
They say this includes very big smartphone companies like Apple, Samsung, and Sony.
The companies say they have a zero tolerance policy towards children working.
Paul, a 14-year-old who lives in Congo, started mining when he was 12. He said: "I would spend 24 hours down in the tunnels. I arrived in the morning and would leave the following morning."

The Argentine, 44, was appointed in May 2014 on a five-year deal and guided Spurs to a fifth-place finish in the Premier League and a League Cup final in his first season in charge.
With one game to go, Spurs are guaranteed a top-three Premier League finish this season.
"We believe this is just the beginning," said Pochettino.
Spurs were challenging for the Premier League title until a bad-tempered 2-2 draw at Chelsea last week ensured Leicester City were crowned champions of England.
Pochettino has created a fast and powerful side with a backbone of young English players such as striker Harry Kane, defender Eric Dier and midfielder Dele Alli, who have all received their first international caps during the Argentine's tenure.
He was photographed having lunch with former Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson this week, prompting rumours he could be a target for the Old Trafford team this summer.
However, the former Paris St-Germain player believes he can bring trophies to Spurs.
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"We have a long-term project and huge belief that we can achieve something big here for the future," added Pochettino.
"This club has all the ingredients to continue to challenge at the very top in both the Premier League and in Europe.
"We want to be here to be a part of what I believe will be a special period in the club's history."
Assistant head coach Jesus Perez, first team coach Miguel D'Agostino and first team goalkeeping coach Toni Jimenez have also agreed extensions to their contracts.
A cyclist accused of killing a woman by ploughing into her in a London street began shouting at her as she lay injured, a court has heard.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
To make smartphone batteries you need a metal called cobalt and one of the few places you can find it is underground in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
Tottenham manager Mauricio Pochettino has signed a contract extension which commits him to the club until 2021.