In a report, the Care Quality Commission (CQC) said there were "significant areas of concern" at the Widbrook Medical Centre in Trowbridge.
Inspectors found issues with systems and processes, but said the level of care given to patients was "good".
The medical centre has pledged to improve services.
The health regulator inspected the practice in December and was told the booking and telephone systems made it difficult for patients to get an appointment that was suitable for them.
Inspectors found staff were good at raising concerns and reporting incidents but there was no formal structure for "sharing any learning within the practice".
Sufficient recruitment checks to verify that staff are "of good character and have the qualifications and competence" to carry out their jobs was also criticised.
However, inspectors said the majority of patients "were treated with compassion, dignity and respect".
A spokesman for the medical centre said an action plan to address the findings of the inspection was being put in place.
He said: "We will continue to improve the service we provide to our patients so that our patients are confident they are receiving a quality general practice service and are reviewing our appointment system to support our patients."

A spokesman for the governor in Nangahar province said an Afghan commando had opened fire on the US troops during a joint operation in Achin. He was shot dead in return fire.
Another US soldier was reportedly wounded in the attack.
A spokesman for the Taliban said it had carried out the attack.
Islamic State militants also operate in the area.
Earlier, at least two Afghan policemen were killed by US forces in a so-called friendly fire incident in southern Afghanistan.
The deaths are said to have occurred when a US aircraft returned fire during a joint operation in the restive province of Helmand.
It is reported to be the first friendly fire incident in Helmand since US Marines returned there in May.
Taliban insurgents have made widespread gains in the province.
In a statement, the US military apologised for the incident and said that an investigation had been launched.
It happened as police were on patrol in volatile Nad Ali district. The dead were members of the Afghan Border Police.
Afghan officials told AFP news agency that the policemen were patrolling too close to a Taliban base prior to the attack. They say a number of militants were also killed in the strike.
In recent months, the Taliban have captured several districts in Helmand and put provincial capital Lashkar Gah under pressure.
The arrival of hundreds of US Marines - following the withdrawal of US troops three years ago - is part of the Nato-led effort to train and assist Afghan forces. They include special forces who conduct separate counter-terrorism operations.
Air strikes by US warplanes have risen significantly over the last few months as President Donald Trump and other foreign leaders come under pressure to commit more troops.
Afghanistan has been hit by numerous violent attacks in recent weeks with the launch of the Taliban's spring offensive, including a massive bomb attack in the capital, Kabul, that killed more than 150 people.
A GP practice in Wiltshire has been placed in special measures after its overall quality of services was rated "inadequate".
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Three US special forces soldiers have been shot dead by an Afghan colleague during an operation in eastern Afghanistan, US officials say.