Kevin McKay, of Aberdeen, charged his clients VAT but lied on his HMRC tax returns.
He claimed his company IPPS was making less than 10% of its actual sales.
The security guard then transferred large sums of money from his business bank to his personal account then sent money abroad.
More than £100,000 was switched to a Romanian bank in September 2010 after accumulating in his savings account over several weeks.
During his trial at Aberdeen Sheriff Court, McKay claimed to have looked after pop star Britney Spears and members of the Saudi royal family during his career as a bodyguard.
The court heard IPPS security guards provided mobile patrols at President Trump's golf course on the Menie Estate in Aberdeenshire.
A total of 136 visits were listed on an invoice between 2008 and 2009.
Other invoices from other firms showed that incorrect figures were submitted for some quarters to HMRC.
The court heard McKay's ex-wife Susan was initially charged with an offence relating to the reckless submission of VAT returns, but the case against her was later dropped.
Last month, a jury of nine men and six women found McKay guilty of being concerned in the fraudulent evasion of VAT worth £419,799 between August 2008 and May 2014.
He was also found guilty, following a six-day trial, of removing criminal property from Scotland by transferring £100,473.98 into a Romanian bank account.
The account belonged to the mother of a woman McKay was in a relationship with.
McKay was sentenced to three years in prison for the VAT fraud with an additional year in prison for removing criminal property abroad.
Cheryl Burr, assistant director of HMRC's fraud investigation service, HMRC: "Tax evasion robs the public purse of vital funds.
"The vast majority play by the rules and pay their dues, but some like McKay attempt to undermine the system by evading VAT to line their own pockets and gain an unfair advantage over legitimate businesses. Our actions put a stop to that."

The 38-year-old seamer took the first five wickets to reduce the visitors to 48-5, before Ben Cox (63) and George Rhodes (59) shared a stand of 94.
They were eventually all out for 230, losing their last four wickets for 30.
England Test captain Alastair Cook closed on 43, with Tom Westley 58 not out, as Essex reached stumps on 111-1.
Masters' seven-wicket haul added up to the second-best bowling figures of his career, bettered only by his 8-10 against Leicestershire at Southend in 2011.
Essex fast bowler David Masters told BBC Radio Essex:
"I'm getting a bit older now and can't play as many games, so when I am playing I'm generally fresh. They've looked after me well this year. I've played when they've needed me to play and hopefully I don't disappoint.
"My body takes a bit more of a battering now and it takes me a bit more time to recover. But I still love playing, I love bowling.
"It's quite a docile wicket actually. The shine came off the new-ball and it started to swing and I got the ball in the right areas. That can happen sometimes."
Worcestershire assistant coach Matt Mason told BBC Hereford & Worcester:
"We probably lacked a bit of application with the bat, particularly early on with some soft dismissals in there. And that last session was probably the poorest we have had as a bowling unit this year, so not an ideal day.
"When you win the toss and bat first you want to post 400, let's be honest. It looked a good surface and if we'd applied ourselves better you could bat and get some good partnerships.
"I wouldn't want to detract anything from Masters' spell. He did what he's done for his whole career - he put the ball on the spot and nagged away. He is very disciplined, but I don't think we were very good in defence."
The owner of a security firm hired by Donald Trump's Aberdeenshire golf business has been jailed for four years over a £400,000 VAT fraud.
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David Masters took 7-52 to put Division Two leaders Essex in a strong position against Worcestershire on the opening day at Chelmsford.