It reported underlying pre-tax profits of Â£381m in the year to 2 May, with revenues up 6% to Â£9.9bn.
The firm was formed last year by the merger of Carphone Warehouse and Dixons Retail.
"This has been a terrific first year for Dixons Carphone," said the firm's chief executive Sebastian James.
"We have seen excellent increases in both sales and profitability and we have made very encouraging progress with the tricky job of integrating these two great companies," he continued.
In the UK and Ireland, where it trades under the Carphone Warehouse, Currys and PC World names, sales rose by 8%.
UK sales were helped by the failure of rival mobile retailer Phones4U, which collapsed last September.
Keith Bowman, equity analyst at Hargreaves Lansdown Stockbrokers: "Profitability at the group's core UK and Irish operations has enjoyed a solid increase, aided by gains in market share, whilst merger cost savings remain on track."
In Greece, where Dixons Carphone trades under the Kotsovolos name, the firm said it recorded an increase in like-for-like revenues, with strong demand for large screen TVs.
"We have a fantastic team in Greece," Mr James told the BBC. "They've been very entrepreneurial in thinking about every possible outcome, and how we would react to it."
However, trading in southern Europe had struggled with like-for-like sales down 5%. The firm said its business in Spain continued to operate in a "tough marketplace".
Earlier this month, Dixons Carphone announced a deal with US telecoms firm Sprint, which could lead to a joint venture opening up to 500 stores in the US.

The 25-year-old former Sale Sharks tight-head prop, who has won seven caps for England, joined Bath in 2014 and has played six times so far this term.
"It is the place for me. It is my home. I've loved the past few years here," Thomas told BBC Radio Bristol.
Thomas is currently out long term after suffering an anterior cruciate ligament injury in November.
"It wasn't a hard decision to make," Thomas added. "I've signed on for three years and I'm really excited."
Asked if he might play again this season, he replied: "It is a big doubt really.
"As a player you always like to push as much as you can but the physios always have your best interests at heart."
Bath are fourth in the Premiership after 13 league games this season and are at home to Brive in the quarter-finals of the European Challenge Cup after finishing top of their pool.

Defence lawyer Brenda Weksler told a court in Las Vegas her client Michael Sandford, from Dorking, Surrey, was in a "delicate mental state".
Court papers said he had been on suicide watch at a detention centre.
Mr Sandford's mother Lynne, who was not in court for the hearing, wants him to return to the UK for psychiatric help.
Prosecutors allege Mr Sandford, 20, tried to grab a police officer's gun to shoot Republican presidential candidate Mr Trump at a campaign rally in Las Vegas on 18 June.
They also claim he practiced shooting at a gun range the previous day.
His trial has been scheduled for 3 October.
The Associated Press news agency said the meeting was also expected to include Ms Weksler and Ms Sandford's London lawyer Saimo Chahal.
US magistrate judge Cam Ferenbach said the meeting "might help in the resolution of the case in a way that benefits the defendant and the government", the agency reported.
Ms Sandford has said her son has autism, OCD, severe depression and would face up to 30 years in prison in the US.
She argues he should serve any sentence in a psychiatric hospital in the UK to receive help closer to his family.
He has denied charges of disrupting government business and official functions and being an illegal alien in possession of a gun.
Dixons Carphone has reported a 21% jump in profits in its first annual results since the merger that created the mobile phone and electrical goods firm.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
Injured front row Henry Thomas has signed a new three-year contract with Premiership club Bath.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
The mother of a Briton accused of trying to shoot and kill Donald Trump has been given permission to visit him in custody in the United States.