Systems that assess expertise can be manipulated, and many cases of such manipulation exist — take the recent example by the University of Malaysia, which attempted to boost metrics by urging its faculty to cite one another [28].
1	Systems	system	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	3:nsubj|7:nsubj:pass	Discourse=joint-other_m:129->113:2|Entity=(157-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	1:ref	Discourse=elaboration-attribute:130->129:0
3	assess	assess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	1:acl:relcl	_
4	expertise	expertise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	3:obj	Entity=(14-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-1-coref)157)
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	7:aux	Discourse=same-unit_m:131->129:1
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	7:aux:pass	_
7	manipulated	manipulate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	0:root	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	15:punct	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	15:cc	Discourse=explanation-evidence:132->129:2
10	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	11:amod	Entity=(175-event-new-cf5-2-sgl
11	cases	case	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	15:nsubj	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	14:case	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	14:amod	_
14	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	11:nmod:of	Entity=175)
15	exist	exist	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	7:conj:and	_
16	—	—	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	17:punct	_
17	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	7:parataxis	Discourse=explanation-evidence:133->132:0
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	20:det	Entity=(176-abstract-new-cf6-3,8-sgl
19	recent	recent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	20:amod	_
20	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	17:obj	_
21	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	23:case	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	23:det	Entity=(177-organization-new-cf1-2,4-coref-National_University_of_Malaysia
23	University	University	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	20:nmod:by|28:nsubj	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	25:case	_
25	Malaysia	Malaysia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	23:nmod:of	Entity=(178-place-new-cf8-1-sgl-Malaysia)|SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	28:punct	_
27	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	23:ref	Discourse=elaboration-attribute:134->133:0
28	attempted	attempt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl:relcl	23:acl:relcl	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	30:mark	_
30	boost	boost	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	xcomp	28:xcomp	_
31	metrics	metric	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obj	30:obj	Entity=(179-abstract-new-cf7-1-sgl)
32	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	33:mark	Discourse=mode-means:135->134:0
33	urging	urge	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	30	advcl	30:advcl:by	_
34	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	35:nmod:poss	Entity=(180-person-new-cf2-2-coref(177-organization-giv:act-cf1-1-ana-National_University_of_Malaysia)
35	faculty	faculty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	33:obj|37:nsubj:xsubj	Entity=180)
36	to	to	PART	TO	_	37	mark	37:mark	_
37	cite	cite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	xcomp	33:xcomp	_
38	one	one	PRON	CD	PronType=Rcp	37	obj	37:obj	Entity=(180-person-giv:act-cf2-1-coref
39	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Art	38	fixed	38:fixed	Entity=180)177)176)
40	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	41	punct	41:punct	Discourse=explanation-evidence:136->133:1|SpaceAfter=No
41	28	28	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	dep	20:dep	Entity=(181-abstract-new-cf9-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<ref></ref>
42	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	41	punct	41:punct	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	7:punct	_
