QCDPAX
The QCDPAX was a processor array designed and built jointly by the University of Tsukuba and Anritsu Corporation for the simulation of the lattice QCD. PAX (Processor Array eXperiment) was the name of the series of the parallel computers since 1977 for the study of parallel high-speed computation 
in scientific and engineering applications. The first and second machines were made at Kyoto University in 1978 and 1980 respectively, and the project was moved to the University of Tsukuba in 1981.It utilized the MIMD processor array architecture with the two-dimensional nearest-neighbor connection and the broadcasting bus. QCDPAX was the fifth model in the PAX series. A prototype with four processing units was constructed in the April 1988, and a practical
system with 288 processing units was built in the April 1989. In the spring of 1990, it was increased with PU number to 480 and achieved a peak speed of 14GFLOPS. Each processing unit was an independent one-board microcomputer. Motorola's microprocessor MC68020 (25 MHz) was used as the CPU. The local memory was 4MBytes with 100ns 1Mbit DRAM. The QCDPAX utilized LSI Logic's floating-point processing unit L64133 on
the market. L64133 had peak performance of the 33MFLOPS. The floating-point processing unit controller, newly developed by the gate array, was also utilized to derive the performance from the FPU by controlling the direct memory access between the data memory and floating-point processing unit. The QCDPAX was followed by the 2048 processor CP-PACS with a speed of 614.4 GFlops
 which itself has been succeeded by a range of successively faster computers dedicated to computational physics. From the CP-PACS onwards all were located at and operated by the dedicated Center for Computational Physics of the University of Tsukuba. References

Bibliography
 Iwasaki, Y., et al. "Qcdpax: A parallel computer for lattice qcd simulation." Computer Physics Communications 49.3 (1988): 449-455. Shirakawa, Tomonori, et al. "QCDPAX-an MIMD array of vector processors for the numerical simulation of quantum chromodynamics." Proceedings of the 1989 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing. ACM, 1989. Iwasaki, Y., et al. "Status of QCDPAX." Nuclear Physics B-Proceedings Supplements 17 (1990): 259-262. Iwasaki, Y., et al. "QCDPAX: Present status and first physical results." Nuclear Physics B-Proceedings Supplements 20 (1991): 141-144. Kanaya, K., et al. "Pure QCD at finite temperature: Results from QCDPAX." Nuclear Physics B-Proceedings Supplements 20 (1991): 300-304. Iwasaki, Y., et al. "Deconfining transition of SU (3) gauge theory on N t= 4 and 6 lattices." Physical review letters 67.24 (1991): 3343-3346. Yoshie, T., et al. "Quenched hadron spectrum on a 243× 54 lattice." Nuclear Physics B-Proceedings Supplements 26 (1992): 281-283. Kanaya, K., et al. "Deconfining transition of SU (3) gauge theory on NT= 6 lattices." Nuclear Physics B-Proceedings Supplements 26 (1992): 302-304. Iwasaki, Y., et al. "Finite-temperature phase transition of SU (3) gauge theory on N t= 4 and 6 lattices." Physical review D 46.10 (1992): 4657-4667. Effendi, Iwan, F. Shinnodaria, and Tomonori Shirakawa. "Boundary element method on the parallel computer QCDPAX and the evaluation." IABEM-92, University of Colorado, US (1992). Iwasaki, Y., et al. "Contamination of excited states in quenched QCD hadron propagators." Nuclear Physics B-Proceedings Supplements 30 (1993): 397-400. Iwasaki, Y., et al. "High statistics calculations of quenched QCD spectrum using various quark sources." Nuclear Physics B-Proceedings Supplements 34 (1994): 354-356. QCDPAX Collaboration. "Hadron masses and decay constants with Wilson quarks at {beta}= 5.85 and 6.0." Physical Review, D 53.11 (1996) pp. 6443-6464. External links
 Brief History of PACS/PAX Computers, the University of Tsukuba. Center for Computational Physics, the University of Tsukuba

Supercomputers
Parallel computing