It&#x27;s also discouraging that they support their finding by saying &quot;The significant replicated association of Neandertal SNPs with mood disorders, in particular depression, is intriguing because Neandertal alleles are enriched near genes associated with long-term depression (5)&quot;.<p>&quot;Long-term depression&quot; (LTD) has absolutely nothing to do with &quot;depression&quot;. LTD is a mechanism of synaptic plasticity, where the strength of the synapse is reduced (&quot;depressed&quot;).<p>I&#x27;m a neuroscientist, and I checked ref 5.