I agree with you and probably should have made that statement more specific (ie the extreme class loading that typically happens in most Java apps and what exactly is a full started up app). A typical closure app for example is well well above 50-80ms time to being ready to receive requests.<p>As for the threads the same goes. I agree with you that ideally should be the case but in practice there are so many libraries that boot up their own thread pool (for isolation reasons, or because they are using blocking IO... rabbitmq).<p>BTW I&#x27;m a big fan of all your concurrency work and I too agree that subscribers are sort of hard to get right in reactive-streams and could be easier (I think that was you) :)