There are conventions in scala to talk to the culture as well. Ya I agree that it can be hard to see effects occasionally. I just worked out a bug where some element was cached despite the fact that the function I wrote appeared to be pure. But still, in scala&#x27;s culture braces at the end of a function are, by convention, representative of an effect.<p>Eg doSomething is pure and doSomething() has an effect. It&#x27;s shades of grey. Scala ultimately may not be Haskell, but it&#x27;s useful and a much better alternative to using Java. To lean on the JVM and be able to sell Scala is better than using Java just because it&#x27;s what&#x27;s already there. To transition away from java toward something better is a win. It&#x27;s definitely a win. I&#x27;d love to work on haskell or introduce haskell in places that i work but no way in hell would I ever succeed. Only at a startup with the smartest of smart people. You can take interested ruby developers and chop them into decent scala devs and that&#x27;s good for the pitch. How the hell do you take a team of mediocre devs and get them to write your next production system in haskell?