TLDR : American public schools suck but there is an increasing number of extracurricular math programs that help talented kids learn advanced problem solving skills.  Mostly only well-educated and well-off parents get their kids into these programs.  That kind of sucks, and there are marginal efforts to reach out to poorer students.  But the real story right now is, if you have kids in public school, their math education sucks and you might want to look into extracurricular options -- there are lots out there.