Rule Of Three covers steps 2 and 3. This they used to teach in our 1st year computer science program: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Rule_of_three_(computer_programming)" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Rule_of_three_(computer_progra...</a>