Answer: you can&#x27;t.<p>Something like MOSIX (os-level ability to ship processes, their IO, etc. across the network), being less indirect, should theoretically outperform this sort of thing, but people don&#x27;t even deploy those very often.<p>It&#x27;s almost always harder, but still not harder enough to write apps that decompose explicitly to being distributed.<p>Implicitly, you take on risks where either your whole VM dies if any physical member dies, or you eat the performance penalty of some kind of application-naive consensus, or yet some other hideous compromise. There&#x27;s no good answers and you get what you pay for.