As an economist, I am also aware of the logical contortions we have to go through to be able to run regressions on historical data (i.e. pretty much all of economic data). None of this applies here. The data generating process consists of the minds of the writers.<p>For your reasoning to be applicable here, you have to put together a model of the data generating process from which you can derive a proper model that allows inference. What exactly are the assumptions on P( word_i | character_j ) that make it compatible with these particular tests&#x27; assumptions?