Yes, MDMA has been shown to be an effective complement to exposure therapy. As I understand, with mdma, the goal is to develop a new emotional association linking the experience to the intense euphoria the MDMA induces.<p>As you point out in another comment, MDMA actually increases norepinephrine levels, which I suppose would enhance the strength of the new associations.<p>As for neurotoxicity, limiting use to less than once a month is quite effective at reducing it, I&#x27;ve heard. This is probably not much of a problem for theraputic use, but if it needs to be administered more frequently, there&#x27;s some evidence that taking an SSRI before taking MDMA will reduce toxicity (don&#x27;t do this, you might risk seratonin syndrome). DXM too has been shown effective at reducing amphetamine toxicity, so it might also help (also don&#x27;t do this). If MDMA is ever rescheduled to allow for research, though, these techniques might allow more frequent use in theraputic settings.