&gt;those who aren&#x27;t benefiting from the economic wealth that globalization generates<p>I think that&#x27;s the problem that the NYT completely misses.   If modern globalization causes centralization on an economy of scale basis, then there is less &quot;wealth&quot; generally created overall.<p>Centralized economies are <i>less competitive</i> economies. Less wealth goes into the hands of few than leaves the hands of many, if that makes any sense.   If HP were to merge with Apple (joke hypothetical), there would be some very happy board members and execs, but far more, <i>less</i> happy workers fired for redundancy.   
Unfortunately, this is the situation we are seeing more and more today, particularly in the 21st century.  And yes, the population does have an impact on this<p>The major point of contention here is: &quot;does globalization cause centralization?&quot;