I&#x27;m guessing that the mentions of fourteenth-century Europe refer to the work of the <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Oxford_Calculators" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Oxford_Calculators</a> , an interesting bunch in their own right.