While you raise a point, I am not sure that the law in a heavy regulation environment will be that specific. For example, in the area of ham radio encryption is strictly forbidden and has been for years and yet cryptographically secure authentication is still arguably acceptable as long as it does not &quot;obscure the meaning of the communication&quot;.  I wrote about this in 2004 while I was a student and posted on my blog in 2009 at <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;rietta.com&#x2F;blog&#x2F;2009&#x2F;08&#x2F;17&#x2F;authentication-without-encryption-for&#x2F;" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;rietta.com&#x2F;blog&#x2F;2009&#x2F;08&#x2F;17&#x2F;authentication-without-en...</a>.<p>To my knowledge the idea has not taken hold as the ham radio hobby moves slowly and the need for strong authentication is not typically a felt need of most operators who want to chat broadly and make new friends. It&#x27;s part of the ham radio culture as a hobby.