Didn&#x27;t want to say it outright, but that&#x27;s my theory too. Having a VM manage everything in a resource&#x2F;power constrained environment is a crazy idea in the first place. Oracle&#x27;s JVM is competitive because of heroic engineering, <i>in spite</i> of Java&#x27;s design -- not because of it. And it still has tradeoffs, like insane memory usage. ART&#x2F;Dalvik are operating under different constraints, which probably contributes significantly to Android&#x27;s handicap.<p>That can&#x27;t be the whole story though, because C# and VB.NET both (seem to) perform decently under a managed runtime on Windows Phone. Wonder how big of a role the CLR has in typical WP apps and the WP core, as opposed to unmanaged C&#x2F;C++ code.