I&#x27;m still a little confused as to why he assumed that unikernels will run under virtualization in production. The whole point of a unikernel is to get rid of a layer of abstraction, isn&#x27;t it? So why would it make sense to replace that with another, thicker layer? Any non-toy unikernels are going to have to run on bare metal to actually get those performance gains. Kinda like how you don&#x27;t run your docker host in a VM - you don&#x27;t need to, because it replaces VMs. If you assume that a unikernel (or docker host) is going to run in a VM, of course it will look pointless.