I don&#x27;t really care if religions didn&#x27;t create moral frameworks. The point is that a religion can justify one. &quot;Why can&#x27;t I kill Joe, he is an asshole! - Because God said murder is wrong.&quot;<p>Philosophy might be able to do that too, but the west doesn&#x27;t seem to be aligning behind any one philosophy. And there are no credible purely philosophical moral frameworks to pick from.