Study 1: &quot;Students participated in exchange for the chance to win one of three prizes valued at $700.&quot;<p>Study 2a: &quot;Two hundred and sixty UBC students participated in exchange for entry into a lottery or for course credit (78% female)&quot;<p>Study 2b: &quot;In Study 2b, 518 adults were recruited from a science museum in Vancouver, Canada&quot;<p>Study 3a: &quot;In Study 3a, 242 UBC students participated in exchange for course credit or candy (74% female)&quot;<p>Study 3b: &quot; we were able to recruit a very large sample of UBC students, who participated for course credit (N=2303; 76% female).<p>Study 4: &quot; we recruited our sample through the GfK Knowledge Networks Survey Panel. Panel members respond to an average of two online surveys per month and receive small cash rewards and prizes for survey completion&quot;<p>Make of it what you will