The &quot;data driven&quot; nature of the ECU is not surprising. Ever since the first ECUs were made they have used lookup tables (LUTs) as opposed to mathematical models. I don&#x27;t know exactly how ubiquitous LUTs are today but certainly they are traditionally used in this application. Computer enthusiasts may enjoy knowing that the controller in many LCD monitors is similarly LUT based rather than containing curves as formulas.<p>As an aside, I imagine &quot;A2L&quot; is short for addr2line.