The linked paper of Gelman is a really good read on Bayesian thinking in philosophy of science:<p><a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.stat.columbia.edu&#x2F;~gelman&#x2F;research&#x2F;published&#x2F;philosophy.pdf" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.stat.columbia.edu&#x2F;~gelman&#x2F;research&#x2F;published&#x2F;phil...</a>