Yes, my comment (prior to deletion) said <i>and rand(n), depending on implementation, may explicitly exclude n</i>.  I looked it up for C&#x2F;C++ first, but it was slightly confusing, and there are articles that go into quite a bit of depth about how rand() can be misleading.  perldoc was my next stop, as I was almost positive that perl&#x27;s rand explicitly excluded the upper bound (and it does).<p>My recollection of 100-sided dice was that it was often printed as &quot;00&quot;, so you could take it as either 0 or 100, depending on your need.