So Jim in Vermont is going to New Haven, CT tomorrow to see his sister. Jeff has a business meeting in the same city and figures he can save some time waiting around in airports if he flies with Jim and pays half the costs.<p>At takeoff time, weather around the CT coast looks iffy. Jim would rather stay home and see his sister next weekend instead. Jeff can&#x27;t get a flight on such short order, and tells Jim he really needs to make the meeting or a big contract is lost. He offers to pay Jim 2x the full flight costs to make his meeting.<p>What Jim will do in this situation is likely very different than if he hadn&#x27;t agreed to take Jeff along.