They&#x27;re coming from observation. IMO it&#x27;s the obsession with destroying hierarchies and &quot;democratization&quot; that seems ideology-driven. Centralized solution are good at coordinating and bad at responding to local challenges. Distributed solutions are good at adapting to the local environment, but absolutely <i>suck</i> at coordinating. We have evidence for this evaluation all around us, in every second of our lives, starting with how our bodies are structured (hierarchy which is made of distributed elements at each level), going through basic social interactions (ever been to a YouTube party, or tried to organize a family trip?), and ending with politics.