It&#x27;s a fair point. The alternative was the design strategy as shown in Dijkstra&#x27;s THE and Hansen&#x27;s concurrency-safe OS&#x27;s. That is, tiny kernel, small modules, clean interfaces, type&#x2F;memory-safe language much as possible, and straight-forward linking. That&#x27;s on user and kernel sides. Still makes more sense than UNIX even thought UNIX philosophy for tools was step up from minicomputer OS&#x27;s at the time.