Personally I haven&#x27;t looked into the AIG fields above, however it appears &quot;obvious&quot; that layered &quot;hybrid&quot; approaches will be fundamentally more useful than either deep learning or expert systems alone. In that context the article doesn&#x27;t seem light on details to me since it&#x27;s primarily advocating layered approaches and I think there are only limited set of layered approaches that would be useful. Why would a practicioner in AI not agree with a hybrid approach being necessary is what I&#x27;m wondering. Are there arguments supported with theory or evidence to the contrary?<p>The definition from Wang makes sense. How does AIG differ from other methods? For example, I noticed this article on Bayesian Program Learning a few days ago which IMHO takes a layered approach and is based on human learning models. [<a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=10723485" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=10723485</a>] Interestingly there were no comments on it.<p>Could you post refs to some the relevant publications your published opinions? I&#x27;m curious about your approach!