It&#x27;s quite a deliberate international network of companies purely set up for the purpose of not paying tax. I would say it&#x27;s a loophole even though it also consists of obviously legal and locally encouraged practices such as setting up a company in Ireland with a low tax rate. But yes it&#x27;s an issue with lack of international agreements to avoid situations like this with huge corporations not paying tax locally and small businesses in the same area paying high local taxes.