Great points. I can attest to the fact that low-latency Java code looks nothing like idiomatic Java. Ironically, the techniques for writing low latency Java are the same in Haskell (avoiding object creation, boxing, garbage collection, etc). High performance C and C++ are a league of their own with direct control over memory layout and alignment etc. Haskell has some amazing work on that front as well though: <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.doc.ic.ac.uk&#x2F;~dorchard&#x2F;publ&#x2F;icfp-2013-simd-vectorisation.pdf" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.doc.ic.ac.uk&#x2F;~dorchard&#x2F;publ&#x2F;icfp-2013-simd-vector...</a>