&quot;We have to make sure there are no monopolies&quot; (or that monopolies don&#x27;t &quot;spread&quot;) is a dangerous approach, since it leads to the politician&#x27;s fallacy. It may not even be possible to keep a relatively free market while making sure of that.<p>The question to ask is: are these EU investigations effective at reducing the number and spread of monopolies? And if they aren&#x27;t, what should we do?<p>Because looking at the Microsoft case, the effectiveness seems dubious.