For some of us, that 5% is incredibly valuable. Really, any HPC application is going to either be written in C&#x2F;C++ or Fortran.<p>It goes without saying that modern fortran is a hideous language (even though it&#x27;s still better than Fortran 77). C is nice and simple but without things like namespaces and classes you&#x27;re going to end up with huge function names. Not to mention a high risk of memory leaks.<p>C++ was awful years ago. Honestly C++11 allows you to write fairly nice code. By no means a guarantee you&#x27;ll write clean-ish code, but it definitely gives you the tools to do so. Plus modern C++ compilers produce <i>really</i> fast code (that leverages SIMD&#x2F;vectorization, etc.).<p>I&#x27;m a huge fan of Go and Rust but the former is often dogmatically minimalist to the point of not including things like templates, operator overloading, etc. Not to mention garbage collection&#x2F;runtime which is a big no-no for numerical computing use. The latter is still not mature enough to fully commit to (and is nowhere near the speed of optimized C&#x2F;C++).