The USSR and the US have enriched probably a million tons of it by now, the EU has enrichment capacity of about 20,000 tSWU which they used to enrich Uranium to about 4% (some to higher levels for research&#x2F;breeders&#x2F;medical plants). They are the 2nd largest producer of low and high level of enriched Uranium in the world, and also due to various security blunders also helped to proliferate nuclear technology.
It&#x27;s expensive but it is still done at very high scales, heck feeding a 1000MW fast nuclear reactor today require much more enrichment than running a weapons program.
That fact was actually was one of the main &quot;fear factors&quot; in the Iranian deal, they have a huge enrichment operation however oddly enough it would not be sufficient to drive a power program.
The part of the nuclear deal with Iran was actually a bit ironic because cutting down on their centrifuge numbers means that they could not actually sustain a &quot;civilian&quot; nuclear program as they will not manage to enrich enough fuel to keep any commercial energy producing reactors running.
So while they will be able to enrich uranium capping their centrifuges (at what 5000?) actually means that outside of research the only other use would be to make a bomb.
And this is simply because bombs don&#x27;t care about time lines, if you are running nuclear energy you need to be able to continuously feed it with fuel fast burning light and heavy reactors consume fuel at a very high rate so if you can&#x27;t have an enrichment process which can keep up with your reactors the whole program is pointless.
The nuclear deal with Iran pretty much means that they&#x27;ll need to enrich Uranium for 2-5 years then run their reactor for 6 months till it burns out and repeat which is obviously nonsensical.