&gt; Another paradox is why the media always seems to portray meta studies (correlation) as fact (causation).<p>correlation vs. causation is a completely different axis of differentiation from meta-study vs. (direct) study, which is a completely different axis of variation from (something that isn&#x27;t fact) to fact.<p>So, you&#x27;ve conflated at least three <i>different</i> distinctions there.