&quot;On a two-dimensional surface, GPS position errors introduce a systematic bias, tending to exaggerate the length of a trajectory.&quot;
It&#x27;s not that simple as it really depends on the sampling rate. For example, if the sampling delta is the same time as the lap time, the GPS will think that it is not moving.
And it&#x27;s not just theoretical: you can see from the map that the GPS thinks he&#x27;s always cutting corners.