Ha! I worked at [major tech company] and our Puppet runs took about 3 hours. Developing manifests was surreal - punch card era code&#x2F;compile&#x2F;test cycles. The worst and most frequent production outages were seemingly innocuous Puppet changes that made it through code review. Our puppet manifest was in the 10kloc range, most of them generated.<p>Containerization is now letting individual teams manage app-specific configuration they actually understand and can test and iterate. A central org maintains the base image and can redeploy our containers with OS-level fixes as necessary. Our &quot;self-service&quot; deployment infrastructure was a behemoth that no one understood, documented by tribal knowledge. At less I can Google how to use the Docker API.