I forget which book by Grove it was but I remember reading it when I was doing some strategy research for a client once.<p>You may be right that DEC&#x27;s NIH was something of an outcome of vertical integration. It was widespread in that sector and just generally there wasn&#x27;t anything like the sort of coopetition that would come later. I still remember at Data General getting an absolutely flaming email from a sales rep because we had OEMd a LAN board from DEC for a system after we had switched to some sort of industry standard bus. The email was to the effect that &quot;We&#x27;re fighting with these guys every day and you guys in corporate turn around and stab us in the back by buying their products.&quot;