Really interesting stuff, but a couple of notes about applicability to humans:
&quot;It should be mentioned that the KD used in this study, as well as in other studies in mice (2–4, 25), may differ from KD used in humans. Indeed, this KD contains almost no carbohydrate and the protein proportion is low, whereas KD used in humans usually contain less fat, more protein, and also more carbohydrate.&quot;<p>IOW, the diet is an artificial construct not resembling any occurrence in nature.  Artificially low protein in a KD sounds just dangerous, as adequate dietary protein will produce any needed blood glucose via gluconeogenesis, keeping those pathways active in a more natural sense.<p>2) note the second paragraph in Discussion where they discuss effects of BAT (Brown Adipose Tissue aka &quot;brown fat&quot;).  BAT is present in significantly higher %age in mice vs humans.<p>3) later that paragraph: &quot;most studies have found that weight loss improves insulin sensitivity in humans (41) and mice (36).&quot;  Well, we have kind of an impasse, then -- were those studies&#x27; KDs more realistic in terms of macronutrient ratios?