FWIW (Rayiner knows this, but maybe everyone else doesn&#x27;t):<p>The concept of &quot;proof of innocence&quot; does not appear in the Constitution; it derives from common law, and the Latin word it comes from doesn&#x27;t mean &quot;prove&quot; in the mathematical sense.<p>Which makes sense, because &quot;innocent until formally proven guilty&quot; doesn&#x27;t make sense in a sentence that proceeds to &quot;beyond a reasonable doubt&quot;.