&gt;One of us, Tognazzini, worked at Apple with Steve Jobs in the early days. Norman joined Apple shortly after Jobs departed and then left shortly after Jobs returned in 1996. We were not present during the shift from the days of easy-to-use, easy-to-understand products (where Apple could honestly brag that no manual was necessary), to today’s products where no manual is included, but is often necessary. We do know that before Jobs returned, Apple had a three-pronged approach to product design: user experience, engineering, and marketing, with all three taking part in the design cycle from day one to when the product shipped.<p>&gt;Today’s Apple has eliminated the emphasis on making products understandable and usable, and instead has imposed a Bauhaus minimalist design ethic on its products.<p>I actually love this article because when people look back with rose tinted glasses about how things were great when Forstall was around, I can send them this article about how Apple&#x27;s usability suffered when Jobs came back, an era where they claim that Apple&#x27;s products was the best they ever were from a usability stand point.