&gt; I am arguing that the whole language needs to be designed differently<p>No I think you are arguing that you <i>want</i> it to be designed differently. It&#x27;s like the contrast between having a high and low level language (Python, C&#x2F;Cython) versus having a unified middle-level language such as Julia (see <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;graydon2.dreamwidth.org&#x2F;189377.html" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;graydon2.dreamwidth.org&#x2F;189377.html</a> ). It&#x27;s a matter of preference which is better, and an empirical matter which approach will be more successful in the end.<p>&gt; Just grafting types onto Python is not enough<p>Clearly it is already successful though...