I don&#x27;t think your math is right there. You can check that by plugging in the values of a much simpler lottery.<p>Imagine a lottery where instead of 2^256 there are only 100 possible outcomes and there are 3 players.<p>The odds are 34&#x2F;100, 33&#x2F;100, and 33&#x2F;100 respectively. The bias is around 1&#x2F;33.<p>But if I plug that scenario into your equation, I get:<p>2&#x2F;(4+100%3) - (1&#x2F;3) which is 2&#x2F;5-1&#x2F;3 which is 1&#x2F;15.