There are two aspects to the BDFL model: 1) a BD, 2) FL. There are several OSS projects with a BD, but who is not FL. For example, I co-founded the Biopython project, which has rotated through several leaders.<p>Jo Freeman encourages several principles, one of which is:<p>&gt;  Rotation of tasks among individuals. Responsibilities which are held too long by one person, formally or informally, come to be seen as that person&#x27;s &quot;property&quot; and are not easily relinquished or controlled by the group. Conversely, if tasks are rotated too frequently the individual does not have time to learn her job well and acquire the sense of satisfaction of doing a good job.<p>This is an argument against a BD<i>FL</i>. Note that even in Python development, van Rossum does not always have the final say. Mark Shannon was the &quot;BDFL-Delegate&quot; for the type hints PEP 484.<p>The main point of the essay is not that overt power is inherently abuse, but rather describes methods to limit abuse of both overt and implicit power. Emphasis mine in the following:<p>&gt; If the movement is to grow beyond these elementary stages of development, it will have to disabuse itself of some of its prejudices about organization and structure. <i>There is nothing inherently bad about either of these.</i> They can be and often are misused, but to reject them out of hand because they are misused is to deny ourselves the necessary tools to further development.