One of my good friends, if he were to go to India and live with his Great Aunts&#x2F;Uncles, would be Gujarati.  His parents immigrated here before he was born. Both of his parents are doctors who went to med school in India, and re-did residency here in the US.  Because of the significant delay between his and his sister&#x27;s birth (youngest child and all that), his parents earlier&#x2F;primary set of friends are all Gujurati, most of them living in the tri-state of NY.  He&#x27;s met them and talked about them.<p>His mother, in particular, is interesting, mostly because her case is typical among her Gujarati friends who she practices Yoga as a religious practice with.  She&#x27;s a high risk OB&#x2F;GYN.<p>Adjusted for PPP, she is wealthier in India compared to the relatives she left behind.  So are most of her friends in her Yoga group.<p>His sister, also a doctor with a similar professional stance that makes as much, wouldn&#x27;t be<p>In no way is this surprising.  Nearly all of his parents friends are Upper Caste, and speak excellent English.  Nearly all immigrated here when there were actual shortages of certain types of professions.  Almost all brought over important relatives, (eg: his grandparents) and to this day are wealthy enough to go back.<p>Structural changes in those jobs, however, are leaving their &quot;earlier&quot; children economically behind.  Despite the fact that both he and his sister are both Born American citizens (unlike their parents, who are naturalized)<p>His sister will never have that same PPP.  Nor do any of her friends, mostly the early born children of said same immigrants, almost all of whom have felt (and in many cases caved) to pressure to become Doctor&#x2F;Lawyer&#x2F;Engineer (with the exception of those who got lucky and work for google while also in a low cost of living area)<p>My friend, ironically, because of the severe birth delay (almost 10 years) will out-earn his sister.  He also is far more &quot;behaviorally whiter&quot; than any of his sister&#x27;s friends.  As far as I can tell, he has few, if any, friends who are Gujarati children of high caste immigrants.  He also is the first to choose a non-typical career path in his family. (Department of Defense Analyst)<p>So fast forwarding a few years, it appears your numbers only work for gen=1, and only if gen=1 is high caste.