My plan so far has been to lose fat in moderate amounts. I found that aiming to <i>maintain</i> the body weight while doing resistance training easily achieves that.<p>So every week I gain equal amount (in weight) of muscle to the fat lost. The difference is also visually noticeable (increased upper body muscle tone; decreased belly and lower back fat).<p>In regards to &quot;doing diet and exercise at the same time&quot; (academically referred to as: resistance training under calorie restriction) you may find this article useful: <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;cristivlad.com&#x2F;resistance-training-under-caloric-restriction-enhances-muscle-maintenance&#x2F;" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;cristivlad.com&#x2F;resistance-training-under-caloric-rest...</a>