The chetty paper is a classic. They claim that raising a teacher from -2sigma to 0 adds 1% to a student&#x27;s earnings.<p><a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.rajchetty.com&#x2F;chettyfiles&#x2F;value_added.pdf" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.rajchetty.com&#x2F;chettyfiles&#x2F;value_added.pdf</a><p>If you scroll to table 3, you&#x27;ll see how huge an effect non-teacher quality factors have. Table 5 shows huge specific roles for parent income and minority vs non-minority status.<p>Perhaps a simpler way to think of it: if teacher quality dominated everything else, then a teacher getting poor scores out of a class of poor black kids, relative to another teacher getting great scores out of a class of rich asian kids, would be entirely to blame. Do you really believe this?