&gt; Layout frameworks (eg Bootstrap) tackle the problem of developing a site that&#x27;s readable at resolutions from 320px wide on a two year old phone up to a 5K iMac.<p>Displaying information readably has been solved by HTML for twenty years.  It may not be pretty, but it will be readable.<p>&gt; Application frameworks (eg Angular) make it much faster, and consequently a nicer experience, to maintain user state, load content, navigate around template driven pages, etc.<p>You know what&#x27;s a better way to maintain state? HATEOAS.  And there are no client-side libraries involved!<p>You know what&#x27;s a better way to load content?  Letting the highly-optimized browser do it!<p>You what&#x27;s a better way to navigate around a page?  Don&#x27;t take over my space bar and cursor keys, and let me use my browser to browse!