From lean.org,<p>&gt; They therefore revisited Ford&#x27;s original thinking, and invented the Toyota Production System. [1]<p>Both Ford and Toyota made contributions to each other&#x27;s processes at different times.<p>Also, Ford showed a healthy respect for people.  This influenced other businesses to compete for talent.  Ford doubled wages, increased productivity, etc. in the first half of the 20th century.  Toyota made its own contributions later when Ford began to lag.  Neither can be discounted from the equation.<p>[1] <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.lean.org&#x2F;WhatsLean&#x2F;History.cfm" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.lean.org&#x2F;WhatsLean&#x2F;History.cfm</a>