Good point, Carroll distinguishes between &quot;manifestations of the underlying laws&quot; and the laws themselves. Still, this is an impossible claim to make, because you can&#x27;t prove a negative. Given all these everyday phenomena we can&#x27;t explain, it is entirely conceivable that one of them will require a modification of QFT. Personally, I think that consciousness or memory (which we all experience every day!) could rely on weaker interactions than the ones we know of. I find it unlikely but certainly possible that we aren&#x27;t yet mathematically capable of predicting conscious behavior.