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Family planning is one of the 10 great public health achievements of the 20th century. The availability of family planning services allows individuals to achieve desired birth spacing and family size and contributes to improved health outcomes for infants, children, women, and families
Family planning services include:
Abstinence from sexual activity is the only 100% effective way to avoid unintended pregnancy. For individuals who are sexually active, correct and consistent contraceptive use is highly effective at preventing unintended pregnancy. The most effective methods to prevent unintended pregnancy include long-acting reversible contraceptives such as intrauterine devices (IUDs) and contraceptive implants, followed by other hormonal contraceptives including oral contraceptives (pills), the patch, the ring, and the Depo-Provera shot (DMPA). Condoms protect against both unintended pregnancy and STIs, and their use should be encouraged. Both men and women should be counseled about using condoms at every act of sexual intercourse when not in a long-term, mutually monogamous sexual relationship.
Why Is Family Planning Important?
For many women, a family planning clinic is their entry point into the health care system and one they consider their usual source of care. In 2015, publicly funded family planning services helped prevent 1.9 million unintended pregnancies, including 440,000 teen pregnancies. In 2010, every public dollar spent on family planning saved the federal and state governments.
Unintended pregnancies include pregnancies that are reported by women as being mistimed or unwanted. Almost half (45%) of the 6.1 million annual pregnancies in the United States are unintended. Unintended pregnancies are associated with many negative health and economic consequences. The public cost of births resulting from unintended pregnancies was estimated at $21 billion in 2010 (this figure includes costs for prenatal care, labor and delivery, post-partum care, and 1 year of infant care).
For women, negative outcomes associated with unintended pregnancy can include:
Births resulting from unintended pregnancies can have negative consequences including birth defects and low birth weight. Children from unintended pregnancies are more likely to experience poor mental and physical health during childhood and have lower educational attainment and more behavioral issues in their teen years
Understanding Family Planning
Unintended pregnancies occur among women of all incomes, educational levels, and ages. However, there are disparities in unintended pregnancy rates. The rates of unintended pregnancy are highest among the following groups:
Social Determinants of Family Planning Service Usage
Women with lower levels of education and income, uninsured women, Latina women, and non-Hispanic black women are less likely to have access to family planning services. In addition, men are less likely to have access to and receive family planning services than women.21
Barriers to people’s use of family planning services include:
What family planning Entails-
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