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Arts and Humanities
History of the Americas
CH 1: The Collision of Cultures
Terms in this set (22)
•Humans during a period of 5,000 yrs after 8,000 BC
-Used spears (bows & arrows in 400-500 AD).Began to use nets for fishing. Traps for smaller animals. Baskets for berries, nuts, seeds and other plants. Crops were corn, beans, & squash.
•Were thought to have migrated from Mongolia (present-day Siberia) by traveling from Asia to Alaska. Also a reason as to why many Natives & Asians had similar characteristics.
•Superseded the Mayan tribes & are now (inaccurately) called the Aztecs.
•Called themselves Mexica. In 1300 AD, they established a city called Tenochtitlán on a large island (present-day Mexico City).
•Impressive public buildings, schools mandatory for men, organized military, medical system, & slave workforce.
•Religion where gods drew their substance (were fed) from human sacrifice.
•Very sophisticated city (1100 AD) that proved that not all natives were savage. (Near present-day St. Louis)
•At it's peak in 1200 AD, they had a population of 10,000 & a great complex of earthen mounds.
•Spread of the bubonic plague that decimated over a third of Europe. Began in Constantinople 1347.
•More likely to be transferred through animals, because of rats & mosquitos.
•Was from Genoa, Italy.
•His discovery of the Americas from Spain (& Queen Isabella), led to a mass genocide of almost the entire population of Native Americans.
•People who traveled the seas in search of profit; taking only men so that wherever they stop, they can breed with the females native to the lands.
•Along with women, they also brought diseases that some lands were not immune to.
•A right, given by Don Juan de Oñate, allowing the Spanish settlers to mistreat the Native Americans & force them into labor.
•In 1598, Oñate went with 500 men to Mexico.
•People of mixed races between the Spanish and the Native Americans.
•People traced their heredity through, inherited property, etc., from their mothers instead of their fathers.
•Rested on the assumption that the nation as a whole was more important that its individuals.
•Enhanced the positions of new merchant capitalists.
•Thrived at first to flourish the wool trade with Europe, but collapsed in the 1550s, forcing English merchant to look elsewhere.
•Began in 1557, when Martin Luther (not King Jr.) challenged some of the basic practiced & beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church.
•Led to the formation of the Puritans & the Separatists.
•They hoped to "purify" the church, and resisted the Separatists.
•Puritans who were determined to worship as they pleased, in independent congregations.
•They even allowed women to serve as preachers.
Coureurs de Bois
•Adventurous fur traders & trappers, who moved into the wilderness to develop an extensive trade that became one of the underpinnings of the French colonial economy.
•Were little more than agents for the Algonquins & the Hurons. (the principal fur traders among the Natives of the region & from whom the French purchased their belts).
Samuel de Champlaine
•Founder of Quebec
•Led an attack in 1609, on a band of Mohawks at the instigations of Algonquin trading partners. As a result of conflict between the French & the Iroquois, the Algonquin's ancient enemies (who assumed the central role in English fur trade).
•The agricultural estates in North America, as called by the French.
Sir Humphrey Gilbert
•Pioneer of English Colonization
•Gilbert got a right from the Queen, granting him rights for 6 yrs "to inhabit & possess at his choice, all remote & heathen" regions in her name
•A storm sank his ship.
•Was part of earlier colonial efforts in Ireland.
Sir Walter Raleigh
•Also a pioneer of English colonization & part of earlier colonial efforts in Ireland.
•Raleigh offered to call "Virginia" after the Virgin Queen.
•Left to get supplies, (took him 3 yrs) and when he got back, everyone who had gone on the expedition with him & stayed there, had disappeared. ("The Lost Colony")
•English explorer who sailed across the Hudson river in New York, in hopes of finding a passage to the Pacific.
•His explorations led to the Dutch claim on territory in America.
•The first enduring settlement in the New World (Virginia).
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...
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