What is actin polymerization in bacteria?
The actin polymerization is triggered by the surface proteins of certain bacteria like Listeria monocytogenes. Once bacteria gain entry into the cytosol, the endocytic vesicle that contained them is lysed.
How does Shigella use actin?
1, Shigella organisms (solid ellipses) enter mammalian host cells by inducing phagocytosis. 2 to 4, After entry, the bacterium is within a phagocytic vacuole (step 2), which it lyses (step 3), thereby releasing it into the cytoplasm of the host cell (step 4). 5, the bacterium assembles an actin tail on one pole.
What is the common name for Listeria monocytogenes?
Listeriosis is a serious infection usually caused by eating food contaminated with the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. An estimated 1,600 people get listeriosis each year, and about 260 die.
What is actin function?
Actin is a highly abundant intracellular protein present in all eukaryotic cells and has a pivotal role in muscle contraction as well as in cell movements. Actin also has an essential function in maintaining and controlling cell shape and architecture.
Where does actin polymerization occur?
This occurs primarily at or near the plasma membrane. Consequently a region of high actin filament density is commonly found at the cell periphery and is known as the cell cortex.
Does actin polymerization require ATP?
During the polymerization process, adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) that is bound to G-actin is hydrolyzed to adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP) that is bound to F-actin.
What is the difference between Listeria spp and Listeria monocytogenes?
The key difference between Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria spp is that L. monocytogenes is a foodborne human pathogenic species of the genus Listeria while Listeria spp is a member of the Listeria genus that contains 21 species, including pathogenic L. monocytogenes and non-pathogenic Listeria innocua.