Rates of hypertension in adult men in 2014. Disability-adjusted life year for hypertensive heart disease per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004. Adults , approximately one billion adults or ~22% of the population of the world have hypertension. It is slightly more frequent in men, in those of low socioeconomic status, and it becomes more common with age. It is common in high, medium, and low income countries. In 2004 rates of high blood pressure were highest in Africa, (30% for both sexes) and lowest in the Americas (18% for both sexes). Rates also vary markedly within regions with rates as low as 3.4% (men) and 6.8% (women) in rural India and as high as 68.9% (men) and 72.5% (women) in Poland. Rates in Africa were about 45% in 2016. In Europe hypertension occurs in about 30-45% of people . In 1995 it was estimated that 43 million people (24% of the population) in the United States had hypertension or were taking antihypertensive medication. By 2004 this had increased to 29% and further to 32% (76 million US adults) by 2017. In 2017, with the change in definitions for hypertension, 46% of people in the United States are affected. African-American adults in the United States have among the highest rates of hypertension in the world at 44%. It is also more common in Filipino Americans and less common in US whites and Mexican Americans. Differences in hypertension rates are multifactorial and under study. Children Rates of high blood pressure in children and adolescents have increased in the last 20 years in the United States. Childhood hypertension, particularly in pre-adolescents, is more often secondary to an underlying disorder than in adults.<unk>  disease is the most common secondary<unk> of hypertension in children and adolescents. Nevertheless, primary or essential hypertension accounts for most<unk> .
causes of Chronic kidney disease
causes of Nephrotic syndrome
causes of Hypercalcaemia
causes of Hyperphosphatemia
causes of Pyelonephritis
causes of Peripheral artery disease
risks of Peripheral artery disease
risks of Myocardial infarction