There are precedents in Argentina (Carlos Menem, 1989-99), Ecuador (Abdalá Bucaram, 1996-97, and Jamil Mahuad, 1998-2000), El Salvador (Elías Antonio Saca, 2004-9), Honduras (Carlos Flores Facussé, 1998-2002), and Colombia (Julio César Turbay, 1978-82).