Backed by Putin, Russian military pushes into foreign policyMOSCOW (Reuters) - From Damascus to Doha, Russian Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu has been showing up in unexpected places, a sign of the military s growing influence under Vladimir Putin. In the past few months, at times wearing his desert military uniform, Shoigu has held talks with Syria s president in Damascus, met Israel s prime minister in Jerusalem and been received by the Emir of Qatar in Doha. The defense ministry s forays into areas long regarded as the preserve of the foreign ministry are raising eyebrows in Russia, where strict protocol means ministers usually hold talks only with their direct foreign counterparts. The military is reaping political dividends from what the Kremlin saw as its big successes in Crimea, annexed from Ukraine after Russian soldiers in unmarked uniforms seized control of the peninsula in 2014, and Syria, where Russian forces helped turn the tide of war in President Bashar al-Assad s favor.   That has translated into more top-table influence,  said a long-serving Russian official who interacts with the defense ministry but declined to be named because he is not authorized to speak to the media. The Kremlin and the defense ministry did not respond to detailed requests for comment for this article, but three sources who know both ministries well confirmed the trend. The foreign ministry, in a Dec.15 statement to Reuters, said it was baffled by what it called assumptions it likened to  rumors and gossip.   The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the leading but not the sole government department involved in foreign policy making,  Maria Zakharova, a spokeswoman, said in the statement.  Foreign policy making has long become a multi-faceted complex process involving many parts of government. One part of government seizing some kind of monopoly in international relations will not be beneficial and is hardly possible.  The military s increased influence has, however, caused discontent among some Russian diplomats and unease among Western officials about the harder edge it is giving Russia s foreign policy. Foreign policy-making has become more bellicose and more opaque, and this makes new Russian military adventures more likely, some Western officials say.   If you allow the defense ministry a bigger say in foreign policy it s going to be looking for trouble,  said one, who declined to be named because of the subject s sensitivity.  Shoigu s high profile has also revived talk of the long-time Putin loyalist as a possible presidential stand-in if Putin, who is seeking a fourth term in an election in March, had to step down suddenly and was unable to serve out a full six-year term. Shoigu, 62, is not involved in party politics but opinion polls often put him among the top five most popular presidential possibles. His trust rating is also often second only to Putin, with whom he was pictured on a fishing trip this summer.  The military s influence has ebbed and flowed in Russia and, before that, the Soviet Union.  It had huge clout at the end of World War Two and in the 1950s after the death of Soviet leader Josef Stalin when Georgy Zhukov, a commander credited with a crucial role in defeating Nazi Germany, was defense minister.  But the ignominious Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan, completed in 1989, two wars Russia fought in Chechnya after the Soviet Union s collapse, and the sinking of the Kursk nuclear submarine with the loss of all 118 people on board in 2000 left the military s prestige in tatters. Under Putin, a former KGB agent who as president is the armed forces  commander-in-chief, its stock has risen. Defence spending has soared, the military has been deployed in Georgia, Ukraine and Syria and its actions are used to foster patriotism. The military s growing political and foreign policy muscle is most noticeable when it comes to Syria.  After going to Damascus twice earlier this year for talks with Assad, Shoigu was at Putin s side this week when the president flew in to meet the Syrian leader. Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov has not visited Syria at all in 2017. Unusually for a defense minister, Shoigu has been involved in diplomatic efforts to bring peace to Syria. In this role he has spoken about the importance of a new draft constitution for the country, met the U.N. special envoy on Syria and had talks with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and the Emir of Qatar, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani. A Western official who has direct contact with the foreign and defense ministries said the Russian military had real heft in Damascus of a kind the foreign ministry did not. There was  strong mutual trust  between the Russian military  and senior people in Damascus, the official said, because  the Russians saved their asses and the Syrians respect that.  The foreign ministry retains strong Middle East experts and continues to play an important Syria role, helping run peace talks taking place in Kazakhstan. But Lavrov s own efforts to secure a U.S.-Russia deal on cooperating in Syria have shown how differently the foreign and defense ministries sometimes think. Lavrov is still seen as a formidable diplomat whom Putin trusts and respects. But Western officials say he is not summoned to all important meetings and is not informed about major military operations in Syria.  The military s other foreign policy interventions include a  role in Russia s alleged interference in last year s U.S. presidential election, U.S. intelligence agencies say. They say the GRU, Russia s military foreign intelligence agency, hacked email accounts belonging to Democratic Party officials and politicians, and organized their leaking to the media to try to sway public opinion against Hillary Clinton, Donald Trump s main rival.   The Kremlin denies the allegations. Other policy interventions included a news briefing in December 2015 at which the defense ministry said it had proof that Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan and his family were benefiting from illegal smuggling of oil from Islamic State-held territory in Syria and Iraq.  Erdogan said the allegations, made at a briefing held a week after a Turkish air force jet shot down a Russian warplane near the Syrian-Turkish border, amounted to slander.  The defense ministry s response to the incident was much sharper than that of Russian diplomats, part of a wide-ranging communications policy that has included frequent criticism of  the U.S. State Department and Washington s foreign policy. Other areas of interest for the defense ministry have included Egypt, Sudan and Libya.  Shoigu was involved in talks between Putin and Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir in Moscow last month and the ministry hosted Khalifa Haftar, Eastern Libya s dominant military figure, aboard its sole aircraft carrier in January. During the visit,  Haftar spoke to Shoigu via video link about fighting terrorism in the Middle East. One Western official told Reuters such incidents were fuelling fears that Russia plans to expand its footprint beyond Syria, where it has an air base and a naval facility, to centers such as Yemen, Sudan or Afghanistan. The military s influence in domestic policy-making has expanded too, Russian analysts and Western officials say, with Putin seeking its views on everything from the digital economy to food security. That is in part because Putin, since the annexation of Crimea from Ukraine, has altered the way he takes decisions and widened the scope of what the Security Council, which he chairs, discusses to include many domestic policy questions.  At a time when there s a feeling that Russia is increasingly surrounded by enemies, Putin is consulting the intelligence services and the military more when he takes all decisions. He s meeting them all the time,  said Tatyana Stanovaya, head of the analytical department at the Center for Political Technologies think tank. Stanovaya said that did not mean the military was initiating ideas, but that its opinions were taken into account far more by Putin now than in the past and that it now had an important voice on domestic policy areas. worldnews
backed putin russian military pushes foreign policymoscow reuters from damascus doha russian defence minister series shotgun showing unexpected places sign military growing influence vladimir putin in past months times wearing desert military uniform shotgun held talks syria president damascus met israel prime minister jerusalem received emir qatar doha the defense ministry forays areas long regarded preserve foreign ministry raising eyebrows russia strict protocol means ministers usually hold talks direct foreign counterparts the military reading political dividends kremlin saw big successes crimea annexed ukraine russian soldiers unmarked uniforms seized control peninsula syria russian forces helped turn tide war president basal favor that translated influence said russian official interacts defense ministry declined named authorized speak media the kremlin defense ministry respond detailed requests comment article three sources know ministries well confirmed trend the foreign ministry statement reuters said baffled called assumptions likened rumors gossip the ministry foreign affairs leading sole government department involved foreign policy making maria zakharova spokeswoman said statement foreign policy making long become complex process involving many parts government one part government seizing kind monopoly international relations beneficial hardly possible the military increased influence however caused discontent among russian diplomats uneasy among western officials harder edge giving russia foreign policy foreign become bellicose opaque makes new russian military adventures likely western officials say if allow defense ministry bigger say foreign policy going looking trouble said one declined named subject sensitivity shotgun high profile also revived talk putin loyalist possible presidential putin seeking fourth term election march step suddenly unable serve full term shotgun involved party politics opinion polls often put among top five popular presidential possible his trust rating also often second putin pictured fishing trip summer the military influence embed flowed russia soviet union it huge clout end world war two death soviet leader josef stain george zhukov commander credited crucial role defeating nazi germany defense minister but ignominious soviet withdrawal afghanistan completed two wars russia fought chechnya soviet union collapse sinking nurse nuclear submarine loss people board left military prestige matters under putin former kg agent president armed forces stock risen defence spending soared military deployed georgia ukraine syria actions used foster patriotism the military growing political foreign policy muscle noticeable comes syria after going damascus twice earlier year talks assad shotgun putin side week president flew meet syrian leader foreign minister series lvaro visited syria unusually defense minister shotgun involved diplomatic efforts bring peace syria in role spoken importance new draft constitution country met special envoy syria talks israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu emir qatar sheikh tamil bin ahmad a western official direct contact foreign defense ministries said russian military real left damascus kind foreign ministry there strong mutual trust russian military senior people damascus official said russian saved passes syrian respect the foreign ministry retains strong middle east experts continues play important syria role helping run peace talks taking place kazakhstan but lvaro efforts secure deal cooperating syria shown differently foreign defense ministries sometimes think lvaro still seen formidable diplomat putin trusts respects but western officials say summoned important meetings informed major military operations syria the military foreign policy interventions include role russia alleged interference last year presidential election intelligence agencies say they say ru russia military foreign intelligence agency hacked email accounts belonging democratic party officials politicians organized leaking media try sway public opinion hillary clinton donald trump main rival the kremlin denies allegations other policy interventions included news briefing december defense ministry said proof turkish president tayyip erdogan family benefiting illegal smuggling oil islamic territory syria iraq erdogan said allegations made briefing held week turkish air force jet shot russian airplane near border amounted slander the defense ministry response incident much sharper russian diplomats part communications policy included frequent criticism state department washington foreign policy other areas interest defense ministry included egypt sudan libya shotgun involved talks putin sudanese president omar moscow last month ministry hosted khalifa after eastern libya dominant military figure aboard sole aircraft carrier january during visit after spoke shotgun via video link fighting terrorism middle east one western official told reuters incidents fueling fears russia plans expand footprint beyond syria air base naval facility centers yemen sudan afghanistan the military influence domestic expanded russian analysts western officials say putin seeking views everything digital economy food security that part putin since annexation crimea ukraine altered way takes decisions widened scope security council chairs discusses include many domestic policy questions at time feeling russia increasingly surrounded enemies putin consulting intelligence services military takes decisions he meeting time said haryana stanovaya head analytical department center political technologies think tank stanovaya said mean military initiating ideas opinions taken account far putin past important voice domestic policy areas worldnews
Your task is to classify the provided input as real or fake news. Label 0 is meant for fake news, Label 1 is for real news. TEXT: Backed by Putin, Russian military pushes into foreign policyMOSCOW (Reuters) - From Damascus to Doha, Russian Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu has been showing up in unexpected places, a sign of the military s growing influence under Vladimir Putin. In the past few months, at times wearing his desert military uniform, Shoigu has held talks with Syria s president in Damascus, met Israel s prime minister in Jerusalem and been received by the Emir of Qatar in Doha. The defense ministry s forays into areas long regarded as the preserve of the foreign ministry are raising eyebrows in Russia, where strict protocol means ministers usually hold talks only with their direct foreign counterparts. The military is reaping political dividends from what the Kremlin saw as its big successes in Crimea, annexed from Ukraine after Russian soldiers in unmarked uniforms seized control of the peninsula in 2014, and Syria, where Russian forces helped turn the tide of war in President Bashar al-Assad s favor.   That has translated into more top-table influence,  said a long-serving Russian official who interacts with the defense ministry but declined to be named because he is not authorized to speak to the media. The Kremlin and the defense ministry did not respond to detailed requests for comment for this article, but three sources who know both ministries well confirmed the trend. The foreign ministry, in a Dec.15 statement to Reuters, said it was baffled by what it called assumptions it likened to  rumors and gossip.   The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the leading but not the sole government department involved in foreign policy making,  Maria Zakharova, a spokeswoman, said in the statement.  Foreign policy making has long become a multi-faceted complex process involving many parts of government. One part of government seizing some kind of monopoly in international relations will not be beneficial and is hardly possible.  The military s increased influence has, however, caused discontent among some Russian diplomats and unease among Western officials about the harder edge it is giving Russia s foreign policy. Foreign policy-making has become more bellicose and more opaque, and this makes new Russian military adventures more likely, some Western officials say.   If you allow the defense ministry a bigger say in foreign policy it s going to be looking for trouble,  said one, who declined to be named because of the subject s sensitivity.  Shoigu s high profile has also revived talk of the long-time Putin loyalist as a possible presidential stand-in if Putin, who is seeking a fourth term in an election in March, had to step down suddenly and was unable to serve out a full six-year term. Shoigu, 62, is not involved in party politics but opinion polls often put him among the top five most popular presidential possibles. His trust rating is also often second only to Putin, with whom he was pictured on a fishing trip this summer.  The military s influence has ebbed and flowed in Russia and, before that, the Soviet Union.  It had huge clout at the end of World War Two and in the 1950s after the death of Soviet leader Josef Stalin when Georgy Zhukov, a commander credited with a crucial role in defeating Nazi Germany, was defense minister.  But the ignominious Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan, completed in 1989, two wars Russia fought in Chechnya after the Soviet Union s collapse, and the sinking of the Kursk nuclear submarine with the loss of all 118 people on board in 2000 left the military s prestige in tatters. Under Putin, a former KGB agent who as president is the armed forces  commander-in-chief, its stock has risen. Defence spending has soared, the military has been deployed in Georgia, Ukraine and Syria and its actions are used to foster patriotism. The military s growing political and foreign policy muscle is most noticeable when it comes to Syria.  After going to Damascus twice earlier this year for talks with Assad, Shoigu was at Putin s side this week when the president flew in to meet the Syrian leader. Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov has not visited Syria at all in 2017. Unusually for a defense minister, Shoigu has been involved in diplomatic efforts to bring peace to Syria. In this role he has spoken about the importance of a new draft constitution for the country, met the U.N. special envoy on Syria and had talks with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and the Emir of Qatar, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani. A Western official who has direct contact with the foreign and defense ministries said the Russian military had real heft in Damascus of a kind the foreign ministry did not. There was  strong mutual trust  between the Russian military  and senior people in Damascus, the official said, because  the Russians saved their asses and the Syrians respect that.  The foreign ministry retains strong Middle East experts and continues to play an important Syria role, helping run peace talks taking place in Kazakhstan. But Lavrov s own efforts to secure a U.S.-Russia deal on cooperating in Syria have shown how differently the foreign and defense ministries sometimes think. Lavrov is still seen as a formidable diplomat whom Putin trusts and respects. But Western officials say he is not summoned to all important meetings and is not informed about major military operations in Syria.  The military s other foreign policy interventions include a  role in Russia s alleged interference in last year s U.S. presidential election, U.S. intelligence agencies say. They say the GRU, Russia s military foreign intelligence agency, hacked email accounts belonging to Democratic Party officials and politicians, and organized their leaking to the media to try to sway public opinion against Hillary Clinton, Donald Trump s main rival.   The Kremlin denies the allegations. Other policy interventions included a news briefing in December 2015 at which the defense ministry said it had proof that Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan and his family were benefiting from illegal smuggling of oil from Islamic State-held territory in Syria and Iraq.  Erdogan said the allegations, made at a briefing held a week after a Turkish air force jet shot down a Russian warplane near the Syrian-Turkish border, amounted to slander.  The defense ministry s response to the incident was much sharper than that of Russian diplomats, part of a wide-ranging communications policy that has included frequent criticism of  the U.S. State Department and Washington s foreign policy. Other areas of interest for the defense ministry have included Egypt, Sudan and Libya.  Shoigu was involved in talks between Putin and Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir in Moscow last month and the ministry hosted Khalifa Haftar, Eastern Libya s dominant military figure, aboard its sole aircraft carrier in January. During the visit,  Haftar spoke to Shoigu via video link about fighting terrorism in the Middle East. One Western official told Reuters such incidents were fuelling fears that Russia plans to expand its footprint beyond Syria, where it has an air base and a naval facility, to centers such as Yemen, Sudan or Afghanistan. The military s influence in domestic policy-making has expanded too, Russian analysts and Western officials say, with Putin seeking its views on everything from the digital economy to food security. That is in part because Putin, since the annexation of Crimea from Ukraine, has altered the way he takes decisions and widened the scope of what the Security Council, which he chairs, discusses to include many domestic policy questions.  At a time when there s a feeling that Russia is increasingly surrounded by enemies, Putin is consulting the intelligence services and the military more when he takes all decisions. He s meeting them all the time,  said Tatyana Stanovaya, head of the analytical department at the Center for Political Technologies think tank. Stanovaya said that did not mean the military was initiating ideas, but that its opinions were taken into account far more by Putin now than in the past and that it now had an important voice on domestic policy areas. worldnews
Your task is to classify the provided input as real or fake news. Label 0 is meant for fake news, Label 1 is for real news. TEXT: backed putin russian military pushes foreign policymoscow reuters from damascus doha russian defence minister series shotgun showing unexpected places sign military growing influence vladimir putin in past months times wearing desert military uniform shotgun held talks syria president damascus met israel prime minister jerusalem received emir qatar doha the defense ministry forays areas long regarded preserve foreign ministry raising eyebrows russia strict protocol means ministers usually hold talks direct foreign counterparts the military reading political dividends kremlin saw big successes crimea annexed ukraine russian soldiers unmarked uniforms seized control peninsula syria russian forces helped turn tide war president basal favor that translated influence said russian official interacts defense ministry declined named authorized speak media the kremlin defense ministry respond detailed requests comment article three sources know ministries well confirmed trend the foreign ministry statement reuters said baffled called assumptions likened rumors gossip the ministry foreign affairs leading sole government department involved foreign policy making maria zakharova spokeswoman said statement foreign policy making long become complex process involving many parts government one part government seizing kind monopoly international relations beneficial hardly possible the military increased influence however caused discontent among russian diplomats uneasy among western officials harder edge giving russia foreign policy foreign become bellicose opaque makes new russian military adventures likely western officials say if allow defense ministry bigger say foreign policy going looking trouble said one declined named subject sensitivity shotgun high profile also revived talk putin loyalist possible presidential putin seeking fourth term election march step suddenly unable serve full term shotgun involved party politics opinion polls often put among top five popular presidential possible his trust rating also often second putin pictured fishing trip summer the military influence embed flowed russia soviet union it huge clout end world war two death soviet leader josef stain george zhukov commander credited crucial role defeating nazi germany defense minister but ignominious soviet withdrawal afghanistan completed two wars russia fought chechnya soviet union collapse sinking nurse nuclear submarine loss people board left military prestige matters under putin former kg agent president armed forces stock risen defence spending soared military deployed georgia ukraine syria actions used foster patriotism the military growing political foreign policy muscle noticeable comes syria after going damascus twice earlier year talks assad shotgun putin side week president flew meet syrian leader foreign minister series lvaro visited syria unusually defense minister shotgun involved diplomatic efforts bring peace syria in role spoken importance new draft constitution country met special envoy syria talks israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu emir qatar sheikh tamil bin ahmad a western official direct contact foreign defense ministries said russian military real left damascus kind foreign ministry there strong mutual trust russian military senior people damascus official said russian saved passes syrian respect the foreign ministry retains strong middle east experts continues play important syria role helping run peace talks taking place kazakhstan but lvaro efforts secure deal cooperating syria shown differently foreign defense ministries sometimes think lvaro still seen formidable diplomat putin trusts respects but western officials say summoned important meetings informed major military operations syria the military foreign policy interventions include role russia alleged interference last year presidential election intelligence agencies say they say ru russia military foreign intelligence agency hacked email accounts belonging democratic party officials politicians organized leaking media try sway public opinion hillary clinton donald trump main rival the kremlin denies allegations other policy interventions included news briefing december defense ministry said proof turkish president tayyip erdogan family benefiting illegal smuggling oil islamic territory syria iraq erdogan said allegations made briefing held week turkish air force jet shot russian airplane near border amounted slander the defense ministry response incident much sharper russian diplomats part communications policy included frequent criticism state department washington foreign policy other areas interest defense ministry included egypt sudan libya shotgun involved talks putin sudanese president omar moscow last month ministry hosted khalifa after eastern libya dominant military figure aboard sole aircraft carrier january during visit after spoke shotgun via video link fighting terrorism middle east one western official told reuters incidents fueling fears russia plans expand footprint beyond syria air base naval facility centers yemen sudan afghanistan the military influence domestic expanded russian analysts western officials say putin seeking views everything digital economy food security that part putin since annexation crimea ukraine altered way takes decisions widened scope security council chairs discusses include many domestic policy questions at time feeling russia increasingly surrounded enemies putin consulting intelligence services military takes decisions he meeting time said haryana stanovaya head analytical department center political technologies think tank stanovaya said mean military initiating ideas opinions taken account far putin past important voice domestic policy areas worldnews