Mob boss and mass murderer Riina dies of natural causesROME (Reuters) - Salvatore  Toto  Riina, the Sicilian Mafia s most powerful boss of the 20th century who was convicted for ordering dozens of murders, died of natural causes early on Friday after almost a quarter of a century in jail. Riina, who turned 87 on Thursday, died in the prison ward of a hospital in Parma, the northern Italian city where he had been serving 26 life sentences for homicides committed between 1969 and 1992. His victims included the two magistrates who led the campaign to bring mob bosses to justice. He had fallen into a coma after complications during surgery a few days ago, and his family had been given permission to be by his side on Thursday, the Justice Ministry said. Nicknamed  the Beast ,  Riina began his violent criminal career on the streets of Corleone after World War Two and became the Sicilian Mafia s boss of bosses when it reached its 20th century apex. Riina oversaw a flourishing economic period for organized crime group Cosa Nostra, or  Our Thing , when it was trafficking heroin to the eastern United States and pulling the levers of political power in Palermo and Rome. But due to Riina s savagery, hundreds of mobsters broke their code of silence in the 1980s and 1990s and testified against him, allowing magistrates Giovanni Falcone and Paolo Borsellino to uncover the long-hidden secrets of Cosa Nostra and prosecute its leaders for the crimes of its soldiers. Riina s January 1993 arrest, after more than 20 years as a fugitive, came just months after Falcone and Borsellino were blown up on his orders, and coincided with the tumultuous downfall of Italy s corrupt post-war political system. Since then, Riina has been held under high security with little access to his family in accordance with a law written to prevent bosses from commanding from prison. However, he remained a powerful figure within the mob even behind bars and refused to cooperate with investigators until the end.  Matteo Messina Denaro, a Riina ally who has been a fugitive for 25 years, is the highest ranking boss still at large, but it is unlikely he will be able take power, John Dickie, a British historian and author of the book  Cosa Nostra , told Reuters.  Cosa Nostra is internally and politically divided in a way that makes it almost ungovernable, and this division dates back to Riina s campaign for power in the 80s,  Dickie said.  Riina s surviving foes within Cosa Nostra had close ties to North America, and they are the ones most likely to seek a shift in the crime syndicate s balance of power.   Because the Sicilian Mafia is struggling, it needs to renew its access to the United States, which has been crucial to the organization since the 1880s,  Dickie said. Given various nicknames over the years - Toto, Shorty, the Beast among them - Riina was 19 when he shot a man dead during a gang fight in Corleone and spent six years in prison, a rite of passage for a mafioso.   When he returned to Corleone, he and his childhood friend Bernardo Provenzano, who would lead Cosa Nostra after Riina s arrest, fell under the sway of Luciano Leggio. Leggio took over the Corleone mafia with Riina and Provenzano at his side by killing the town s wartime mafia boss, medical doctor Michele Navarra, in 1958. U.S. author Mario Puzo would later name the main character in  The Godfather  after the town.  In 1969, Riina and Provenzano led a hit squad against feared boss Michele  the Cobra  Cavataio, ambushing him inside an office in Palermo, killing the Cobra, another mafioso and two innocent bystanders. The so-called  Lazio Street Massacre  gave the Corleone clan a foothold in Sicily s capital and a post on Cosa Nostra s governing body, the  Commission , and the arrest of Leggio in 1974 made Riina the acting boss of the Corleone crime family. The 1981 murder of mob boss Stefano Bontate signaled the beginning of a two-year killing spree known as  The Slaughter , in which Riina sought to annihilate his many rivals. Fearing for their lives and for those of their families, hundreds of mobsters broke their code of silence, or omerta, and cooperated with investigators.  The turncoat testimony was a key component in Falcone and Borsellino s landmark case against Cosa Nostra, which in January 1992 ended by holding mob bosses responsible for crimes committed by their underlings.  Two months later, mafia assassins gunned down Salvo Lima,  Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti s right-hand man in Sicily, sending a clear message about what Riina thought of the court ruling and Rome s failure to stop it. In May of the same year, a massive bomb that blew apart a motorway near Palermo killed Falcone, his wife and three bodyguards. In July, Borsellino was blown up by another car bomb along with his five bodyguards. Riina was arrested in Palermo six months after Borsellino s murder, but he never broke his code of silence, leaving a shroud of mystery over suspected negotiations between Cosa Nostra and Rome said to have taken place after Falcone s assassination. The law-enforcement crackdown that followed the 1992 bombings severely hobbled Cosa Nostra, whose presence in Sicily is still felt, but whose economic and political might has faded.  Today, Calabria s  Ndrangheta is considered by investigators to be Italy s most powerful organized crime group thanks to its role as the biggest European importer of South American cocaine. The mafia tradition has been carried forward by Riina s two sons, Giovanni and Giuseppe, who remained loyal to their father. Giovanni has been sentenced to life in prison for four murders, and Giuseppe spent several years in jail on mafia charges, though he is now free. Riina is also survived by two daughters, Maria Concetta and Lucia, and his wife Antonietta. His funeral is likely to be a private ceremony in Corleone, police said. worldnews
mob boss mass murderer reina dies natural causesrome reuters salvador toto reina civilian mafia powerful boss century convicted ordering dozens murders died natural causes early friday almost quarter century jail reina turned thursday died prison ward hospital parma northern italian city serving life sentences homicides committed his victims included two magistrates led campaign bring mob bosses justice he fallen coma complications surgery days ago family given permission side thursday justice ministry said nicknamed beast reina began violent criminal career streets corleone world war two became civilian mafia boss bosses reached century apex reina oversaw flourishing economic period organized crime group cosa mostra our thing trafficking heroin eastern united states pulling levers political power palermo rome but due reina savage hundreds mobsters broke code silence testified allowing magistrates giovanni falcon paolo borsellino uncover secrets cosa mostra prosecute leaders crimes soldiers reina january arrest years fugitive came months falcon borsellino blown orders coincided tumultuous downfall italy corrupt political system since reina held high security little access family accordance law written prevent bosses commanding prison however remained powerful figure within mob even behind bars refused cooperate investigators end matter messing dear reina ally fugitive years highest ranking boss still large unlikely able take power john dice british historian author book cosa mostra told reuters cosa mostra internally politically divided way makes almost ungovernable division dates back reina campaign power dice said reina surviving foes within cosa mostra close ties north america ones likely seek shift crime syndicate balance power because civilian mafia struggling needs renew access united states crucial organization since dice said given various nicknames years toto short beast among reina shot man dead gang fight corleone spent six years prison rite passage mafioso when returned corleone childhood friend bernard provenzano would lead cosa mostra reina arrest fell sway lucia legis legis took corleone mafia reina provenzano side killing town wartime mafia boss medical doctor michele navarra author mario auto would later name main character the godfather town in reina provenzano led hit squad feared boss michele cobra cavataio abusing inside office palermo killing cobra another mafioso two innocent bystanders the radio street massacre gave corleone clan foothold simply capital post cosa mostra governing body commission arrest legis made reina acting boss corleone crime family the murder mob boss stefan donate signaled beginning killing spree known the slaughter reina sought annihilated many rivals fearing lives families hundreds mobsters broke code silence meta cooperated investigators the turnout testimony key component falcon borsellino landmark case cosa mostra january ended holding mob bosses responsible crimes committed underlying two months later mafia assassins gunned salvo lima prime minister giuliano andreotti man simply sending clear message reina thought court ruling rome failure stop in may year massive bomb blew apart motorway near palermo killed falcon wife three bodyguards in july borsellino blown another car bomb along five bodyguards reina arrested palermo six months borsellino murder never broke code silence leaving shroud mystery suspected negotiations cosa mostra rome said taken place falcon assassination the crackdown followed bombings severely cobbled cosa mostra whose presence simply still felt whose economic political might faded today malaria ndrangheta considered investigators italy powerful organized crime group thanks role biggest european importer south american cocaine the mafia tradition carried forward reina two sons giovanni giuseppe remained loyal father giovanni sentenced life prison four murders giuseppe spent several years jail mafia charges though free reina also survived two daughters maria concept lucia wife antonietta his funeral likely private ceremony corleone police said worldnews
Your task is to classify the provided input as real or fake news. Label 0 is meant for fake news, Label 1 is for real news. TEXT: Mob boss and mass murderer Riina dies of natural causesROME (Reuters) - Salvatore  Toto  Riina, the Sicilian Mafia s most powerful boss of the 20th century who was convicted for ordering dozens of murders, died of natural causes early on Friday after almost a quarter of a century in jail. Riina, who turned 87 on Thursday, died in the prison ward of a hospital in Parma, the northern Italian city where he had been serving 26 life sentences for homicides committed between 1969 and 1992. His victims included the two magistrates who led the campaign to bring mob bosses to justice. He had fallen into a coma after complications during surgery a few days ago, and his family had been given permission to be by his side on Thursday, the Justice Ministry said. Nicknamed  the Beast ,  Riina began his violent criminal career on the streets of Corleone after World War Two and became the Sicilian Mafia s boss of bosses when it reached its 20th century apex. Riina oversaw a flourishing economic period for organized crime group Cosa Nostra, or  Our Thing , when it was trafficking heroin to the eastern United States and pulling the levers of political power in Palermo and Rome. But due to Riina s savagery, hundreds of mobsters broke their code of silence in the 1980s and 1990s and testified against him, allowing magistrates Giovanni Falcone and Paolo Borsellino to uncover the long-hidden secrets of Cosa Nostra and prosecute its leaders for the crimes of its soldiers. Riina s January 1993 arrest, after more than 20 years as a fugitive, came just months after Falcone and Borsellino were blown up on his orders, and coincided with the tumultuous downfall of Italy s corrupt post-war political system. Since then, Riina has been held under high security with little access to his family in accordance with a law written to prevent bosses from commanding from prison. However, he remained a powerful figure within the mob even behind bars and refused to cooperate with investigators until the end.  Matteo Messina Denaro, a Riina ally who has been a fugitive for 25 years, is the highest ranking boss still at large, but it is unlikely he will be able take power, John Dickie, a British historian and author of the book  Cosa Nostra , told Reuters.  Cosa Nostra is internally and politically divided in a way that makes it almost ungovernable, and this division dates back to Riina s campaign for power in the 80s,  Dickie said.  Riina s surviving foes within Cosa Nostra had close ties to North America, and they are the ones most likely to seek a shift in the crime syndicate s balance of power.   Because the Sicilian Mafia is struggling, it needs to renew its access to the United States, which has been crucial to the organization since the 1880s,  Dickie said. Given various nicknames over the years - Toto, Shorty, the Beast among them - Riina was 19 when he shot a man dead during a gang fight in Corleone and spent six years in prison, a rite of passage for a mafioso.   When he returned to Corleone, he and his childhood friend Bernardo Provenzano, who would lead Cosa Nostra after Riina s arrest, fell under the sway of Luciano Leggio. Leggio took over the Corleone mafia with Riina and Provenzano at his side by killing the town s wartime mafia boss, medical doctor Michele Navarra, in 1958. U.S. author Mario Puzo would later name the main character in  The Godfather  after the town.  In 1969, Riina and Provenzano led a hit squad against feared boss Michele  the Cobra  Cavataio, ambushing him inside an office in Palermo, killing the Cobra, another mafioso and two innocent bystanders. The so-called  Lazio Street Massacre  gave the Corleone clan a foothold in Sicily s capital and a post on Cosa Nostra s governing body, the  Commission , and the arrest of Leggio in 1974 made Riina the acting boss of the Corleone crime family. The 1981 murder of mob boss Stefano Bontate signaled the beginning of a two-year killing spree known as  The Slaughter , in which Riina sought to annihilate his many rivals. Fearing for their lives and for those of their families, hundreds of mobsters broke their code of silence, or omerta, and cooperated with investigators.  The turncoat testimony was a key component in Falcone and Borsellino s landmark case against Cosa Nostra, which in January 1992 ended by holding mob bosses responsible for crimes committed by their underlings.  Two months later, mafia assassins gunned down Salvo Lima,  Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti s right-hand man in Sicily, sending a clear message about what Riina thought of the court ruling and Rome s failure to stop it. In May of the same year, a massive bomb that blew apart a motorway near Palermo killed Falcone, his wife and three bodyguards. In July, Borsellino was blown up by another car bomb along with his five bodyguards. Riina was arrested in Palermo six months after Borsellino s murder, but he never broke his code of silence, leaving a shroud of mystery over suspected negotiations between Cosa Nostra and Rome said to have taken place after Falcone s assassination. The law-enforcement crackdown that followed the 1992 bombings severely hobbled Cosa Nostra, whose presence in Sicily is still felt, but whose economic and political might has faded.  Today, Calabria s  Ndrangheta is considered by investigators to be Italy s most powerful organized crime group thanks to its role as the biggest European importer of South American cocaine. The mafia tradition has been carried forward by Riina s two sons, Giovanni and Giuseppe, who remained loyal to their father. Giovanni has been sentenced to life in prison for four murders, and Giuseppe spent several years in jail on mafia charges, though he is now free. Riina is also survived by two daughters, Maria Concetta and Lucia, and his wife Antonietta. His funeral is likely to be a private ceremony in Corleone, police said. worldnews
Your task is to classify the provided input as real or fake news. Label 0 is meant for fake news, Label 1 is for real news. TEXT: mob boss mass murderer reina dies natural causesrome reuters salvador toto reina civilian mafia powerful boss century convicted ordering dozens murders died natural causes early friday almost quarter century jail reina turned thursday died prison ward hospital parma northern italian city serving life sentences homicides committed his victims included two magistrates led campaign bring mob bosses justice he fallen coma complications surgery days ago family given permission side thursday justice ministry said nicknamed beast reina began violent criminal career streets corleone world war two became civilian mafia boss bosses reached century apex reina oversaw flourishing economic period organized crime group cosa mostra our thing trafficking heroin eastern united states pulling levers political power palermo rome but due reina savage hundreds mobsters broke code silence testified allowing magistrates giovanni falcon paolo borsellino uncover secrets cosa mostra prosecute leaders crimes soldiers reina january arrest years fugitive came months falcon borsellino blown orders coincided tumultuous downfall italy corrupt political system since reina held high security little access family accordance law written prevent bosses commanding prison however remained powerful figure within mob even behind bars refused cooperate investigators end matter messing dear reina ally fugitive years highest ranking boss still large unlikely able take power john dice british historian author book cosa mostra told reuters cosa mostra internally politically divided way makes almost ungovernable division dates back reina campaign power dice said reina surviving foes within cosa mostra close ties north america ones likely seek shift crime syndicate balance power because civilian mafia struggling needs renew access united states crucial organization since dice said given various nicknames years toto short beast among reina shot man dead gang fight corleone spent six years prison rite passage mafioso when returned corleone childhood friend bernard provenzano would lead cosa mostra reina arrest fell sway lucia legis legis took corleone mafia reina provenzano side killing town wartime mafia boss medical doctor michele navarra author mario auto would later name main character the godfather town in reina provenzano led hit squad feared boss michele cobra cavataio abusing inside office palermo killing cobra another mafioso two innocent bystanders the radio street massacre gave corleone clan foothold simply capital post cosa mostra governing body commission arrest legis made reina acting boss corleone crime family the murder mob boss stefan donate signaled beginning killing spree known the slaughter reina sought annihilated many rivals fearing lives families hundreds mobsters broke code silence meta cooperated investigators the turnout testimony key component falcon borsellino landmark case cosa mostra january ended holding mob bosses responsible crimes committed underlying two months later mafia assassins gunned salvo lima prime minister giuliano andreotti man simply sending clear message reina thought court ruling rome failure stop in may year massive bomb blew apart motorway near palermo killed falcon wife three bodyguards in july borsellino blown another car bomb along five bodyguards reina arrested palermo six months borsellino murder never broke code silence leaving shroud mystery suspected negotiations cosa mostra rome said taken place falcon assassination the crackdown followed bombings severely cobbled cosa mostra whose presence simply still felt whose economic political might faded today malaria ndrangheta considered investigators italy powerful organized crime group thanks role biggest european importer south american cocaine the mafia tradition carried forward reina two sons giovanni giuseppe remained loyal father giovanni sentenced life prison four murders giuseppe spent several years jail mafia charges though free reina also survived two daughters maria concept lucia wife antonietta his funeral likely private ceremony corleone police said worldnews