During the whole of the 1950's, Mandela was the victim of various forms of repression. He was banned, arrested, and imprisoned. For much of the latter half of the decade, he was one of the accused in the mammoth Treason Trial from 1956 to 1961.
Bolam test. A test that arose from English tort law, which is used to assess medical negligence. Bolam holds that the law imposes a duty of care between a doctor and his patient, but the standard of that care is a matter of medical judgement.
A panel of lab tests: The comprehensive metabolic panel (cmp) is a panel of blood tests that serves as an initial broad medical screening tool. The cmp provides a rough check of kidney function, liver function, and electrolyte and fluid balance. The cmp is an expanded version of the basic metabolic panel (bmp), which does not include liver tests.