Glomerulonephritis is a type of kidney disease and causes swelling, abnormal urine, fever, achiness, and more. Gonorrhea is an sexually transmitted diseases and can cause painful urination and penile discharge. Interstitial cystitis is a condition that causes pain in the bladder or pelvic area, and frequent urination.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A futile cycle, also known as a substrate cycle, occurs when two metabolic pathways run simultaneously in opposite directions and have no overall effect other than to dissipate energy in the form of heat.
A centralised system that provides low-cost water but is not accountable or responsive to users can lead to a vicious cycle in which systems deteriorate and require more than normal rehabilitation 7. User participation and sustainable solutions mayâin theshort term, at leastâpoint in opposite directions.