First, consider deliberate thinking. Deliberate thinking is relatively slow, rule-based and explicit; a contemplative process of weighing pros and cons, gathering scientific or statistical evidence. It would appear that this makes for pretty solid decision-making.
Jul 24, 2015. Outliers increase the standard deviation. Mean is most affected by outliers, since all values in a sample are given the same weight when calculating mean. A value that is far removed from the mean is going to likely skew your results and increase the standard deviation. Say you have five values: 2, 1, 2, 1.5, and 2.1.
r is not affected by multiplying each data set by a constant, and a constant to each data set or interchanging x and y. r is subject to outliers. rÂ² is called the coefficient of determination. It is a measure of the proportion of variance in y explained by regression. Also note that correlation is not causation. Here is an example: the shoe size of grade school students and the student's vocabulary are highly correlated. In other words, the larger the shoe size, the larger the vocabulary the student has.