(plural ring topologies) (computing) A network topology in which, in the physical case, every node of a network is connected to exactly two other nodes: one node designated as upstream and the other as downstream. A given node receives data from its upstream node and sends data to its downstream node.
Image copyright. The price of Brent crude oil has fallen below $50 a barrel for the first time since May 2009. It fell more than a dollar to $49.92 a barrel in early trading on Wednesday before edging back above the $50 mark. Slowing global growth and increased supply of oil and gas have pushed prices sharply lower in recent weeks.
Morgan Stanley analysts recently included this chart of crude production costs. Onshore Middle East oil sites are much cheaper to tap than North American shale, which costs about $65 per barrel to extract.