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Quick Answer. Four muscles are used to chew food. They are the masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid. These muscles are responsible for the chewing action, moving the mandibles from side to side, grinding teeth and even helping us speak. They are also referred to as muscles of mastication..
the thick rectangular muscle in the cheek that functions to close the jaw. It is one of the four muscles of mastication. The masseter is innervated by the masseteric nerve from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.The major jaw muscle, which participates in protraction, retraction and side to side movement of the jaw. Action. Closes jaw. muscle with origin from the inferior border and medial surface of the zygomatic arch, with insertion into the lateral surface of the ramus of the mandible, with nerve supply from the masseteric nerve, and whose action closes the jaw during chewing.