For example: char a; a= getchar(); The function getchar() reads a single character from the standard input device, the keyboard being assumed because that is the standard input device, and assigns it to the variable a.
This excludes acute and chronic respiratory failure (518.84), acute respiratory distress (518.82), acute respiratory failure following trauma and surgery (518.51), chronic respiratory failure (518.83), respiratory arrest (799.1), and respiratory failure, newborn (770.84). This applies to respiratory failure NOS.
Continuous as well as cyclic (with each expiration) lung collapse in acute respiratory failure can be reduced by positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) or short expiration times, as in inverse ratio ventilation (IRV).