Overhead expenses, combined with direct material and direct labor expenses, form the three components to the cost of any product or service that a small business might offer.
In 1871, an era of political machines and patronage, Arthur was named to the powerful position of customs collector for the Port of New York. He later was removed from the job by President Rutherford Hayes (1822-1893) in an attempt to reform the spoils system. Elected to the vice presidency in 1880, Arthur became president after Garfield died following an assassination attempt by a disgruntled job seeker.
In memoriam--our civil service as it was, a political cartoon by Thomas Nast showing statue of Andrew Jackson on a pig, which is over fraud, bribery, and spoils, eating plunder.Featured in Harper's Weekly on 28 April 1877, p. 325.he spoils system survived much longer in many states, counties and municipalities, such as the Tammany Hall ring, which survived well into the 1930s when New York City reformed its own civil service.