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Quick Answer. Four muscles are used to chew food. They are the masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid. These muscles are responsible for the chewing action, moving the mandibles from side to side, grinding teeth and even helping us speak. They are also referred to as muscles of mastication..
Masseter. The masseter muscle is a facial muscle that plays a major role in the chewing of solid foods. The muscle is shaped similar to a parallelogram, connecting to the mandible (lower jawbone) and the cheekbone.The masseter is divided into two distinct sections, the superficial and deep portions.he superficial portion of the masseter is the thick and tendon-like portion of the muscle that connects to the cheekbone, while the deep portion is the smaller and more muscular portion of the muscle that connects to the mandible.