In 1982, the DSN was designated by the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) and the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) as the provider of long-distance communications service for the DOD.
1 A basic dialysis machine can be purchased in the regions of $15,000; however, this does not include any necessary supplies such as a drip. 2  For example, a NxStage kidney dialysis machine purchased with supplies can cost upwards of $45,000. 3  This does not include the costs of running the machine.
The expenditure on insulin pump and its supplies represented 5.5% of the total direct cost. Only 38 (1.2%) patients used this treatment modality, at an average cost per patient of US$ 6069.26. Medical procedures and haemodialysis accounted for 5.73% â US$ 75.64 per patient per year â of the direct medical costs.