Joe Arpaio. Joseph Michael Joe Arpaio (/ÉËrËpaÉª.oÊ/; born June 14, 1932) is a former American law enforcement officer and was the elected Sheriff of Maricopa County, Arizona for 24 years from 1993 through 2016. Arpaio styled himself as America's Toughest Sheriff.
This phrase alludes to Julius Caesar's crossing the Rubicon River (between Italy and Gaul) in 49 b.c., thereby starting a war against Pompey and the Roman Senate. Recounted in Plutarch's Lives: Julius Caesar (c. a.d. 110), the crossing gave rise to the figurative English usage by the early 1600s. See also: cross, the.
Bunsen and Kirchhoff named the element cesium, from the Latin word âcaesiusâ meaning sky blue, after the blue lines they saw in the spectrum. The Latin spelling is still reflected in British English where cesium is spelt âcaesium.â. In 1861 Bunsen and Kirchhoff also discovered rubidium by the same method.