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5 By prohibiting multiple punishments for a single criminal act Penal Code section 654. affords protection beyond and different from that given by either the constitutional proscrip-. tion of subsequent jeopardy or the implementation of that doctrine by Penal Code section 1023..
Nowadays, this protection is applicable to all cases in which a defendant can be punished. However, a person can be tried for the same crime twice if 2 or more civil entities get jurisdiction over the time. Also, if the first case is found to be fraudulent in any way, the case can be retried.