Actinic keratoses that develop on the lips are referred to as actinic cheilitis. The clinical appearance of an actinic keratosis is that of a small (several millimeters), red scaly papule or plaque, with induration and thickening of the epidermis.
1 Location: Ideally, the probe should be in close proximity to the forward or reverse primer, but should not overlap with a primer-binding site on the same strand. 2  Probes can be designed to bind to either strand of the target. 3  Melting temperature (Tm): Preferably, probes should have a Tm 6â8Â°C higher than the primers.
Spectator Ions. We also have the potential to have some ions in solution that do not participate in the chemistry. This is because these ions are the conjugate pairs for the strong acids or strong bases. Since those reactions are assumed to go 100% in the forward direction, we can likewise assume they go backwards 0%.