I started to apply 70% solution of DMSO to the area of the pain with an eye dropper and working it into the skin with the side of the glass eye dropper. I apply DMSO twice a day this way and got pain relief that has make it possible for me to do my normal activities that I could not do before. The maximum pa ... Show Full Comment
The natterjack toad is an endangered native species An amphibian and reptile conservation charity is to transform an area of heathland in east Hampshire into a reserve for a rare breed of toad.
Costs of eating conspecific eggs are likely to be low. The toxins of cane toads pose no danger to cannibal conspecifics, even though the same toxins are deadly to tadpoles of Australian frogs (Crossland and Alford, 1998, Crossland and Azevedo-Ramos, 1999, Crossland et al., 2008 and Crossland and Shine, 2010).1) Toxin transfer. The amount and diversity of toxins (bufadienolides) decrease from the egg stage through larval development in cane toads, such that late-stage tadpoles and metamorphs have less effective chemical defences than earlier tadpoles or (especially) eggs (Hayes et al. 2009).