The endocrine component of the pancreas consists of islet cells (islets of Langerhans) that create and release important hormones directly into the bloodstream. Two of the main pancreatic hormones are insulin, which acts to lower blood sugar, and glucagon, which acts to raise blood sugar.
Variability is a measure of the spread of a data set. Learn more about the different measures of variability including the range, variance, and standard deviation, and how they are used in the field of Psychology.
Beat-to-beat or short-term variability is the oscillation of the FHR around the baseline in amplitude of 5 to 10 bpm. Long-term variability is a somewhat slower oscillation in heart rate and has a frequency of three to 10 cycles per minute and an amplitude of 10 to 25 bpm.Clinically, loss of beat-to-beat variability is more significant than loss of long-term variability and may be ominous.Small square = 10 seconds; large square = one minute). Interpretation of the FHR variability from an external tracing appears to be more reliable when a second-generation fetal monitor is used than when a first-generation monitor is used.