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How Microwaves Cook Food. When you hit the start button it usually takes about 2 seconds to heat up a filament inside the magnetron tube, says Schiffmann. The microwaves are then blasted into the food compartment. The commonly used frequency of microwaves, 2.45 gigahertz, is easily absorbed by water, fat, and sugar.
The GE microwave's power diode is responsible for boosting the voltage of the appliance to allow it to properly cook the food. If the power diode burns out there is insufficient power to operate the magnetron, the component that is actually responsible for heating the inside of the microwave.