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Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogen carbonate) is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. It is a salt composed of sodium ions and bicarbonate ions. Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder. It has a slightly salty, alkaline taste resembling that of washing soda (sodium carbonate). The natural mineral form is nahcolite. It is a component of the mineral natron and is found dissolved in many mineral springs.
Of 64 uses being looked at, the compound has so far been approved as safe and effective in 7, including use as an antacid, said Sharon Snider, a spokeswoman. Chemically, sodium bicarbonate is a base that consumes and neutralizes acid. Byproducts of this reaction include water and carbon dioxide gas, which bubbles off and forces burping. But many experts do not consider sodium bicarbonate the treatment of choice for indigestion, even though it is effective and cheaper than most other antacids, said Dr. Stanley B. Benjamin, chief of the gastroenterology at Georgetown University Medical Center in Washington.