Electrical Enclosure Comparisons of NEMA and UL Type Rating Standards. When it comes to electrical safety in the USA there are two main organizations who set safety standards: NEMA (the National Electrical Manufacturers Association) and UL (Underwriters Laboratories). NEMA is the association of electrical equipment and medical imaging manufacturers in the United States.
View of the Liver and Gallbladder. Bile empties from the gallbladder into the common bile duct. The common bile duct joins with the pancreatic duct to form the ampulla of Vater, which empties into the duodenum. Before joining the pancreatic duct, the common bile duct tapers to a diameter of â¤ 0.6 cm. The sphincter of Oddi, which surrounds both the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct, includes a sphincter for each duct. Bile does not normally flow retrograde into the pancreatic duct.
In this clogged state, the duct is especially vulnerable to an infection called ascending cholangitis. Very rare deformities of the common bile duct are cystic dilations (4 cm), choledochoceles (cystic dilation of the ampula of Vater (3â8 cm), and biliary atresia.