An independent practice association (or IPA) is a US term for an association of independent physicians, or other organization that contracts with independent physicians, and provides services to managed care organizations on a negotiated per capita rate, flat retainer fee, or negotiated fee-for-service basis.
'Forbes' Billionaire List: JK Rowling Drops From Billionaire To Millionaire Due To Charitable Giving. Even Harry Potter's wizardry couldnât have prevented this blow. JK Rowling, the first female novelist billionaire, recently lost her exclusive status because of some very good deeds. Forbes, which has produced an annual list of billionaires for the past 25 years, said that the Harry Potter author dropped from billionaire to millionaire due to Britain's high taxes and her charitable giving.
Outspoken entrepreneur Richard Branson has become one of the richest people in the U.K. through five decades of savvy business dealings. Branson's net worth of $4.9 billion makes him almost 10 times wealthier than Queen Elizabeth II! (Her personal net worth was estimated at $510 million in 2012.) Richard Branson became a billionaire by understanding the power of brands Photo: Wikimedia Commons.