APA style. APA Style is a writing style and format for academic documents such as journal articles and books. It is described in the style guide of the American Psychological Association (APA), which is titled the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.
A pain doctor, also called a pain specialist or pain management specialist, is a medical doctor (M.D.) or doctor of osteopathy (D.O.) who specializes in pain medicine.
The Pain Specialist serves as a consultant to Primary Care, Neurosurgical, and other physicians and consultants. They provide directed treatment such as medications, use of physical therapy, pain relieving procedures, which may be diagnostic as well, and then return the patient back to the care of the referring physician. Sometimes it is not possible to completely eliminate all of the patientâs pain.