Organic Chemistry/Carboxylic acids. < Organic Chemistry. A carboxylic acid is characterized by the presence of the carboxyl group -COOH. The chemical reactivity of carboxylic acids is dominated by the very positive carbon, and the resonance stabilization that is possible should the group lose a proton.
The presence of renal tubule cells in the urine is of diagnostic significance, as it points towards an underlying kidney disease. The last type of epithelial cells are squamous cells. These cells are the largest cells seen in urine specimens. These cells are flat, usually with an angular or irregular outline.
â¢ Transitional epithelial cells, or urothelium, are cells found in the ureter, bladder, and renal pelvis. These cells consist of multiple layers that expand or contract such as in the case of the bladder when it is full. They work to accommodate liquid volume and protect against the effects of the urine.