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The low point is referred to as diastole and occurs when the ventricles relax and minimal pressure is exerted against the vessel wall. A normal blood pressure for a healthy adult ranges from 90 to 120 mm Hg systolic and from 60 to 80 mm Hg diastolic. Under normal circumstances, blood volume remains constant at 5,000 mL.
Hypertension (systolic blood pressure ??140 mm Hg or diastolic pressure ??90 mm Hg) is America's most common primary diagnosis, prompting 35 million office visits annually. Risk increases with age: those who are normotensive at age 55 have a 90% lifetime risk of developing hypertension.