Certification vs. Licensing. Some biologists are certified. Your friends may use the terms interchangeably, but a certification is not the same thing as a license. Many professional occupations in the U.S. require a license from a state regulatory board.
The genogram is a pictorial graph of the structure and characteristics of a family across three or more. generations. The genogram will not replace traditional Pedigree Charts and Family Group Records for use. in genealogical research, but it can provide a way to look beneath the surface of names, dates, and places so.
A DNA microarray (also commonly known as DNA chip or biochip) is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface.Scientists use DNA microarrays to measure the expression levels of large numbers of genes simultaneously or to genotype multiple regions of a genome.Each DNA spot contains picomoles (10 â12 moles) of a specific DNA sequence, known as probes (or reporters or oligos).he two Cy-labeled cDNA samples are mixed and hybridized to a single microarray that is then scanned in a microarray scanner to visualize fluorescence of the two fluorophores after excitation with a laser beam of a defined wavelength.