An increase in the value of one currency in terms of another. Currencies appreciate against each other for various reasons, including capital inflows and the state of a country's current account.
Read Powellâs account of the first ever river expedition through the Grand Canyon in The Exploration of the Colorado River and Its Canyons, issued as a Penguin Classic in 2003.
The first rails laid were âslim gauge,â 36â³ between rails; later it was standard gauged to 4â81/2â³ between rails to facilitate the movement of foreign line cars. The Grand Canyon of the Arkansas River, known as the Royal Gorge, was one of the highlights on the route through the Rockies. The Denver & Rio Grande was then known as the Scenic Line of the World. When surveying parties first examined the route, it seemed impossible to construct a railway through the rugged canyon.