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Taste. As shown to the right, each taste bud consists of a cluster of sensory cells forming synapses with neurons with long axons. These project to the medulla in one of three cranial nerves (VII,IX,X). The sensory cells release glutamate when stimulated by their corresponding taste.Scattered over the tongue, there are five classical types of taste buds: salt, sweet, sour, bitter, and umami. Salt and sweet are self-explanatory.The bitter respond to various plant alkaloids, sour to acid (such as might be found in spoiled foods), and the umami to glutamate and some related substances.aste. As shown to the right, each taste bud consists of a cluster of sensory cells forming synapses with neurons with long axons. These project to the medulla in one of three cranial nerves (VII,IX,X). The sensory cells release glutamate when stimulated by their corresponding taste.
Here is where things get a bit geeky and confusing. The Umami taste receptor contains two parts, a trigger known as amino acids, and an intensifier known as nucleotides (DNA and RNA). The trigger stimulates specific papillae on the taste buds, while the intensifier intensifies the taste of Umami.