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Pulmonary hypertension is high blood pressure within the artery that connects the lungs and heart. It forces the heart to work harder to transfer blood between the heart and lungs, which may lead to an enlargement of the right side. Thyroid problems, whether they involve an underactive or overactive thyroid, can cause a heart to enlarge.
A systemic approach to evaluating enlargement of the right heart chambers will help accurately localize a cardiac lesion if it is the cause of right heart enlargement. Appendix 1 lists the more common congenital heart abnormalities that result in right chamber enlargement.