Those at increased risk include: 1  People with diabetes. 2  People with high blood pressure. 3  People with a family history of kidney failure. 4  People who are 65 years or older. 5  Certain ethnic groups including African Americans, Hispanics, Asians, American Indians.
The dipole moment of a molecule can be predicted by looking at the molecule's structure and the location of the dipoles within the molecule. When a molecule has no dipole moment, it will be nonpolar. A molecule with a dipole moment will be polar.
Water (H 2 O) is an example of a polar molecule since it has a slight positive charge on one side and a slight negative charge on the other. The dipoles do not cancel out resulting in a net dipole. Due to the polar nature of the water molecule itself, polar molecules are generally able to dissolve in water. Non-polar bonds occur when the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms is less than 0.4. 2  Polar bonds occur when the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms is between 0.4 and 1.7. 3  Ionic bonds occur when the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms is greater than 1.7.