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Glucose on the sugar side chains of proteins keeps unfolded proteins in the ER. Mannoses on sugar side chains act as a timer for protein folding. Unfolded proteins in the ER are threaded through a retrotranslocon into the cytosol where they are ubiquitylated and digested. IRE1, ATF6 and PERK sense the amount of unfolded protein and generates several responses to reduce the effects and amount of unfolded protein.
Proteins are composed of amino acids, each of which have their own  special properties. The non-polar amino acids would fold into the  interior of the protein during protei â¦ n folding, because they are  hydrophobic. A protein consists of a primary structure, which  consists of the amino acid chain.The secondary structure is how  the amino acids join together into alpha helices and beta pleated  chains and form hydrogen bonds.he function of a protein is directly related to its structure. For example, a protein that fights a certain bacteria might have a shape that allows it to bind to the bacteria and then destroy it.