A new volcanic arc forms at the site of the easternmost transform, and many complications develop in SE Asia (Philippines, etc.) because of transforms turning into arcs, and various subduction-flips as thick (plateau-type) ocean crust refuses to subduct. A new subduction zone develops north of Australia.
Some of the causes of the European voyages of exploration were: 1  Alternate trade routes: Europe was dependent on Middle East countries for the import of spices and was looking for alternate trade routes to Asia and Africa to obtain spices (ginger, nutmeg, clove, cinnamon, etc.) and luxury goods (silk, gold, ivory, etc.) cheaply.
Exploration operations include: aerial surveys, geophysical surveys, geological studies, core testing and the drilling of test wells.If the exploration carried out has not discovered encouraging indications of petroleum in the area, the leases held in the area will most likely be dropped.Exploration is the activity of finding oil or gas.