A new volcanic arc forms at the site of the easternmost transform, and many complications develop in SE Asia (Philippines, etc.) because of transforms turning into arcs, and various subduction-flips as thick (plateau-type) ocean crust refuses to subduct. A new subduction zone develops north of Australia.
Some of the causes of the European voyages of exploration were: 1  Alternate trade routes: Europe was dependent on Middle East countries for the import of spices and was looking for alternate trade routes to Asia and Africa to obtain spices (ginger, nutmeg, clove, cinnamon, etc.) and luxury goods (silk, gold, ivory, etc.) cheaply.
Negative Aspects. Some critics say that the harvesting of bat guano from caves has certain detrimental effects. The process, which is also called mining, disturbs the bats' habitat and can cause them to panic, which can result in the bats dropping their young, not eating or not getting enough rest. It has been blamed for bat populations decreasing in areas where guano is harvested.