Distributed computing is a field of computer science that studies distributed systems. A distributed system is a model in which components located on networked computers communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages.[1] The components interact with each other in order to achieve a common goal.
In 1981 the Islamic Dawa Party's suicide bomber attacked the Iraqi embassy in Beirut. Hezbollah carried out a bombing of the US embassy in April 1983 and the attack on US Marine and French barracks in October 1983 which brought international attention to suicide bombings.
The war on Iraq did not begin in 2003, but in 1991 with the first Gulf War, which was followed by the UN sanctions regime. An early PSR study by Beth Daponte, then a US government Census Bureau demographer, found that Iraq deaths caused by the direct and indirect impact of the first Gulf War amounted to around 200,000 Iraqis, mostly civilians.