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Pulmonary hypertension is high blood pressure within the artery that connects the lungs and heart. It forces the heart to work harder to transfer blood between the heart and lungs, which may lead to an enlargement of the right side. Thyroid problems, whether they involve an underactive or overactive thyroid, can cause a heart to enlarge.
In this condition, the walls of the left and/or right ventricles of the heart become thin and stretched. The result is an enlarged heart. In the other types of cardiomegaly, the heart's large muscular left ventricle becomes abnormally thick. Hypertrophy is usually what causes left ventricular enlargement.