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A gene (def) is a segment of DNA that codes for a functional product (mRNA, tRNA, or rRNA). Since the vast majority of genes are transcribed into mRNA and mRNA is subsequently translated into polypeptides or proteins, most genes code for protein synthesis. gene (def) is a segment of DNA that codes for a functional product (mRNA, tRNA, or rRNA). Since the vast majority of genes are transcribed into mRNA and mRNA is subsequently translated into polypeptides or proteins, most genes code for protein synthesis.
The human genome consists of 3 billion nucleotides or âlettersâ of DNA. But only a small percentage â 1.5 percent â of those letters are actually translated into proteins, the functional players in the body. The âexomeâ consists of all the genomeâs exons, which are the coding portions of genes. The term exon was derived from âEXpressed regiON,â since these are the regions that get translated, or expressed as proteins, as opposed to the intron, or âINTRagenic regiONâ which is not represented in the final protein.