Subcutaneous emphysema is often found in car accident victims because of the force of the crash. Chest trauma, a major cause of subcutaneous emphysema, can cause air to enter the skin of the chest wall from the neck or lung. When the pleural membranes are punctured, as occurs in penetrating trauma of the chest, air may travel from the lung to the muscles and subcutaneous tissue of the chest wall.
Both the Army and the Marine Corps teach that the maximum effective range of the M16A2/A3/A4 is 500 meters on a point target (individual enemy) and 800 meters on an area target (i.e. troops in the open).
Re: max effective range for .308. As long as you can hit a deer or antelope in a vital area from 800 yards, I would see no reason a 308 wouldn't be adequate. That would mean adequate shooter talent, an excellent rest and a gun capable of keeping groups of 4 to 6 inches at that range.# 6.07-18-2011, 06:55 AM.e: max effective range for .308. On small game 600 to 700 yards and deer size game 400 to 600 yards with the right bullet. Targets= 1000 to 1100 yards.