It could be said that mathematics is the language of physics. That is another way of better understanding what is physics. Numerical values, units of measurement, and similar concepts are all mathematical in nature, and are used to describe physical quantities in the most accurate and precise manner.
In brief: Cough headache. There are a couple of possibilities. Coughing can raise the pressure inside your head, which can cause pain sometimes. There is also a poorly-understood entity called the primary cough headache,  that is associated with coughing, straining, laughing, crying, etc.
1 Sinusitis (viral, bacterial, fungal, allergic) can cause: 2  Severe, pressure-like headache and tenderness in cheeks or forehead, aggravated by bending forward or lying down. 3  Pain in the teeth or back of the head (sometimes). 4  Blocked nose, thick or clear nasal discharge. 5  Sore throat and mild fever may be present.