Understanding Vivarium Substrates. By A. C. Highfield. Libyan tortoise-this tortoise requires a sandy, dry substrate. If maintained on grass or upon a moist substrate it will suffer shell and respiratory infections.Along with heating and lighting systems, the choice of substrate in tortoise vivaria and terraria often causes a great deal of confusion to keepers.Some substrates are excellent, others positively lethal.nderstanding Vivarium Substrates. By A. C. Highfield. Libyan tortoise-this tortoise requires a sandy, dry substrate. If maintained on grass or upon a moist substrate it will suffer shell and respiratory infections.
In their general structure, heterocyclic compounds resemble cyclic organic compounds that incorporate only carbon atoms in the ringsâfor example, cyclopropane (with a three-carbon-atom ring) or benzene (with a six-carbon-atom ring)âbut the presence of the heteroatoms gives heterocyclic compounds physical and chemical properties that are often quite ...
Functional Groups - Aromatics. Aromatics. Compounds containing benzene rings (see above) are aromatic compounds. If there are other groups present on the benzene ring the compound is said to be a substituted benzene. The chemical properties of substituted benzenes are determined both by the aromatic groups and by the properties of the group bonded to the ring. In most instances, the presence of the benzene ring will not interfere with chemical tests (discussed later) for the groups bonded to the ring. For example, benzaldehyde, which contains both an aldehyde group and a benzene ring, would give positive tests for both an aromatic compound and for an aldehyde.