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Pulmonary hypertension is high blood pressure within the artery that connects the lungs and heart. It forces the heart to work harder to transfer blood between the heart and lungs, which may lead to an enlargement of the right side. Thyroid problems, whether they involve an underactive or overactive thyroid, can cause a heart to enlarge.
The main pumping chamber of the heart, the left ventricle, typically enlarges first. As the pressure rises in the left ventricle, the left atrium gradually enlarges as well. When left atrial enlargement occurs due to elevated blood pressure, it is associated with an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.verview. The left atrium is the chamber of the heart that receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs. Blood moves from the left atrium, through the mitral valve, into the the main pumping chamber of the heart--the left ventricle, and then out to the body.