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Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins that forms chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Nuclear DNA does not appear in free linear strands; it is highly condensed and wrapped around nuclear proteins in order to fit inside the nucleus. Chromatin exists in two forms. One form, called euchromatin, is less condensed and can be transcribed. The second form, called heterochromatin, is highly condensed and is typically not transcribed. Under the microscope in its extended form, chromatin looks like beads on a string. The beads are called nucleosomes.
Chromatin is the âpackagedâ form of DNA in the nucleus and its regulation is central to transcription â creating the RNA copy of a DNA sequence. Chromatin helps assure that the DNA/RNA copy is precise â any deviation can result in stunted gene expression or proteins that no longer function properly.hromatin is the âpackagedâ form of DNA in the nucleus and its regulation is central to transcription â creating the RNA copy of a DNA sequence. Chromatin helps assure that the DNA/RNA copy is precise â any deviation can result in stunted gene expression or proteins that no longer function properly.