1.3-POLYMER FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE:-Civil structures made of steel reinforced concrete normally suffer from corrosion of the steel by the salt, which results in the failure of those structures. Constant maintenance and repairing is needed to enhance the life cycle of those civil structures.
The water cycle, air pressure, and weather are actually very closely related. The water cycle is the process of water being drawn up from the ground into the sky, where air pressure is lower. (Pressure gets lower as altitude increases, since there is less air available to press down).
To understand how water moves in our world, attention must be directed to the hydrologic cycle. The hydrologic cycle is essentially a water continuum, representing the different paths through which water circulates and is transformed in the natural environment (Fig. 1). Being a cycle, it has no specific beginning or ending. Rather, liquid water from the Earth s surface, particularly the oceans, is evaporated into a gaseous form and enters the atmosphere as water vapor (clouds). The atmospheric moisture is eventually returned to the Earth s surface in the form of rain or snow.