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A malfunctioning external regulator does not disengage properly, which causes the alternator to overcharge, AA1Car.com explains. This is the part of the alternator that regulates the amount of electricity the vehicle needs to perform at varying speeds. Alternator output is another reason for overcharging. Re-manufactured and replacement alternators are larger in size and offer a higher output than stock alternators. This causes inefficiency in the pulley on the belt drive, which causes the alternator to rotate more.
One of the most common failures is bearing failure. The needle bearings that allow the rotor to spin freely inside the stator can break down from dirt and heat. When the bearings fail, the rotor will not spin efficiently and can eventually seize. Usually an alternator with bearings failure makes a loud grinding noise.If you suspect this problem, it's only a matter of time before the alternator gives up. Older vehicles with generators tend to require much more maintenance than newer models, but there's no hard and fast rule for how long an alternator will last.f you have a failing alternator, the voltage will be well below 14 volts. If so, it's time to replace the alternator. Before you decide you need to yank the alternator and replace it, make sure you check the serpentine belt. If the belt is worn or loose, the alternator won't function properly.