Discounting principle. - Discounting principle: Discounting principle refers to a rule of Attribution which states that the perceived role of a cause will be discounted or reduced if other plausible causes are also present.
The Poisson Effect When a tensile stress is applied to a material, the material elongates in the direction of the applied stress, and contracts perpendicular to the direction of the applied stress. This relationship, called the Poisson effect, is a natural response to applied stress that occurs with all materials, but is particularly apparent with ductile materials. For example, when a metal bar is pulled in a tensile test, it stretches out and necks down on. the sides.
Poisson's ratio: relation to elastic moduli in isotropic solids Poisson's ratio is related to elastic moduli K (also called B), the bulk modulus; G as the shear modulus; and E, Young's modulus, by the following (for isotropic solids, those for which properties are independent of direction). The elastic moduli are measures of stiffness.