The bone of the arm (humerus) meets both the ulna (the inner bone of the forearm) and radius (the outer bone of the forearm) to form a hinge joint at the elbow. The radius and ulna also meet one another in the elbow to permit a small amount of rotation of the forearm.
The emigres were those who helped to spur on the revolution. People were tired of being poor and watching the royalty get richer without any work.
Conquistadors were Generals in the modern sense. Aztecs had their own and the two waged wars. The Spaniard against the Moors, the Aztec against the neighboring nation city states. The Spanish thought they were enlightened against a more childish people. Cortez wrote as much.