Opteonâ¢ YF (HFO-1234yf) is a low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant for use in automotive air-conditioning systems. Opteonâ¢ YF (HFO-1234yf) has a chemical structure of CF3CF= CH2 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.
During isovolumetric relaxation, which is the second last phase of the cardiac cycle, all the heart valves are closed. This means that there is no blood passing between the cardiac chambers or out of the heart. The pressure drop below 120 mmHg as the ventricles relax causes the semilunar valves to close. As the pressure drops further, the atrial pressure exceeds that of the ventricles and the atrioventricular valves open. Meanwhile, blood is being pumped around the body.
1 The semilunar valve on the left side of the heart is the aortic valve, named for the fact that it prevents the aorta from regurgitating blood back into the left ventricle. 2  The semilunar valves are smaller than the AV valves and do not have chordae tendineae to hold them in place.he heart functions by pumping blood both to the lungs and to the systems of the body. To prevent blood from flowing backwards or âregurgitatingâ back into the heart, a system of one-way valves are present in the heart.