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What happens when state law conflicts with federal law? The answer relies on the doctrine known as federal preemption. The Supremacy Clause is a clause within Article VI of the U.S. Constitution which dictates that federal law is the supreme law of the land.
In a federal government, power is split between a central government authority and its constituent states. Usually, an overriding law of the land, known as a constitution, allocates duties, rights, and privileges to each level of government. States have no authority to pass their own laws, and the central (national) government can order the states to do anything. (Just like a state can order a town to do anything, because the town is not sovereign.).