Healthgrades Editorial Staff. Occipital neuralgia is a disorder in which a problem with the occipital nerve in the back of the skull causes pain between the back of the head and the scalp, as well as pain, tingling, numbness, weakness, and possible damage to the nerves and muscles in the back of the neck.
This was originally an Italian word for small areas in Italian towns, where Jews were compelled to live exclusively. The first ghetto was set up by Pope Paul IV, in Rome, in 1555.
During the first years of World War II, the Nazis formalized the borders of these areas and restricted movement, creating modern ghettos to which Jews were confined. The ghettos were, in effect, prisons, in which many Jews died from hunger and disease; others were executed by the Nazis and their collaborators.