While both Title and Practice Acts focus on the health, safety and welfare of the public, Practice Acts require that interior design services be provided by a licensed design professional. They are the most restrictive type of occupational regulation in that they prohibit unlicensed people from providing interior design services.
They ordered equipment from Europe, and on April 19, 1937, they formed Perkin-Elmer as a partnership. Perkin and Elmer started their optical design and consulting business in a small Manhattan office, but within a year they were producing optical components in Jersey City, New Jersey.
British robotics pioneer William Grey Walter invented robots Elmer and Elsie that mimic lifelike behavior using very simple electronics in 1948. They were tortoise-like robots that were programmed to find their charging stations once they started running low on power.