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Conclusion Questions 3.3.1 1. The walls of the alveoli in the lungs are incredibly thin. Explain how this structure is related to function in the body. The walls of the alveoli are extremely thin so that they can serve their purpose of allowing diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide to happen. This is where gas exchange occurs.
A diagram of an alveolus. In the alveolus oxygen diffuses from the air into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction. This structure of about 300 million alveoli greatly increases the surface area of the lungs so speeding up the rate of gas exchange.his means the blood and the air are separated by a membrane only one micron (0.001mm) thick. Gas exchange occurs by diffusion which is a slow process. Diffusion occurs because of the movement of particles. Gases diffuse from the air into the blood in solution.