Codon Codon is a combination of three successive nucleotides in a DNA or RNA strand. All the nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, have nucleotides sequenced as a set of codons. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, one of A, C, T/U, or G.
Phases of the moon are simply how much sun is hitting the surface of the moon, with the moon being between the earth and the sun. Lunar eclipses occur when a conjunction between the earth and the sun... with the earth casting a shadow on the full moon.
As the Moon orbits Earth, we see lunar phases as the amount of the Moon's sunlit face visible to us varies. At full Moon, we can see the entire illuminated side. At quarter Moon, only half the sunlit side can be seen. At new Moon, the sunlit face points away from us, and the Moon is all but invisible from Earth. The time between successive full Moons is one synodic month. The time taken for the Moon to return to the same position in the sky, relative to the stars, is one sidereal month. Because of Earth's motion around the Sun, the synodic month is about 2 days longer than the sidereal month. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon enters Earth's shadow.