A square matrix is a matrix with the same number of rows and columns. An n-by-n matrix is known as a square matrix of order n. Any two square matrices of the same order can be added and multiplied. The entries aii form the main diagonal of a square matrix.
Encyclopedia of Africa. Author(s): The Berlin Conference of 1884â1885 marked the climax of the European competition for territory in Africa, a process commonly known as the Scramble for Africa.
Called for by Portugal and organized by Otto von Bismarck, the first Chancellor of Germany, its outcome, the General Act of the Berlin Conference, is often seen as the formalization of the Scramble for Africa.