Codon Codon is a combination of three successive nucleotides in a DNA or RNA strand. All the nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, have nucleotides sequenced as a set of codons. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, one of A, C, T/U, or G.
Phases of the moon are simply how much sun is hitting the surface of the moon, with the moon being between the earth and the sun. Lunar eclipses occur when a conjunction between the earth and the sun... with the earth casting a shadow on the full moon.
The Moon, which orbits the Earth rather than the Sun, is in opposition to the Sun at full moon. When it is exact in opposition, a lunar eclipse occurs. As seen from a planet that is superior, if an inferior planet is on the opposite side of the Sun, it is in superior conjunction with the Sun.