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Conclusion Questions 3.3.1 1. The walls of the alveoli in the lungs are incredibly thin. Explain how this structure is related to function in the body. The walls of the alveoli are extremely thin so that they can serve their purpose of allowing diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide to happen. This is where gas exchange occurs.
With each inhalation, air fills a large portion of the millions of alveoli. In a process called diffusion (pronounced: dih-fyoo-zhun), oxygen moves from the alveoli to the blo â¦ od through the capillaries (tiny blood vessels, pronounced: kah-puh-ler-eez) that line the alveolar walls. The thin walls of the alveoli actually have two purposes. When we  breathe in, oxygen passes through the walls of the alveoli and into  the blood.