The two principal abiogenic petroleum hypotheses, the deep gas hypothesis of Thomas Gold and the deep abiotic petroleum hypothesis, have been scientifically reviewed without confirmation. Scientific opinion on the origin of oil and gas is that all natural oil and gas deposits on Earth are fossil fuels and are, therefore, biogenic.
In short a Thru Axle design incorporates a solid rod or hollowed shaft that passes directly through the hub and both legs of the fork or rear frame members. It is then secured to one side of the fork leg or rear frame member (typically on the brake rotor side) by a threaded mechanical connection.
Posts: 81959. 9mm quick release (threaded axle) is the most common standard. Axle is part of the hub. 20mm bolt thru uses a modified and wider fork, where the axle screws into the fork. Maxle is a RockShox variation of the system. The axle comes with the fork, not the hub. 15mm is as above, but uses a narrower axle.