CASE The mass on Ms. Câs left kidney is hypoattenuating and nonenhancing on CT. It meets Bosniak criteria for a benign simple cyst (class I) and requires no further evaluation or follow-up. Colonoscopy detects multiple colonic polyps that are removed, and the patient does well.
Water pipelines and distribution systems are subjected to surges almost daily, which. over time can cause damage to equipment and possible contamination. Surges are caused by. sudden changes in fluid velocity and can be as minor as a few psi to five times the static. pressure. The causes and effects of these surges in pumping systems will be discussed along. with equipment designed to prevent and dissipate surges. Only with the knowledge of all of the.
With today's modern water delivery systems, pressure regulator valves are a necessity. In fact, most municipalities require them. The pressure on a water system is directly proportionate to the number of houses serviced. In order to maintain adequate pressure throughout the entire system, a massive amount of pressure is needed. Without some sort of regulator, the pressure would be such as to cause serious problems to plumbing and appliances. Any pressure exceeding 80 psi â pounds per square inch â can damage such appliances as water heaters, commodes, faucets, dishwashers. A high enough pressure can even cause water pipes to burst. A water pressure regulator is typically installed by a plumbing contractor and is ideally set from 45 to 60 psi. Regulators are adjustable to accommodate the needs to different homes. This procedure is fairly simple and the average homeowner can usually accomplish this himself.