How food and drink affect your sleep. What you eat and drink before bed can affect your sleep. For example, foods containing the amino acid tryptophanâa building block of the sleep-related chemical serotoninâcould potentially make you drowsy, although evidence is mixed as to whether the amount in food is enough to change your sleep.
The study estimates lifetime societal savings (net present value) of about $12 billion from the more than 600,000 total knee replacement surgeries performed each year in the U.S. These societal savings primarily accrue to patients and employers.
Between 1993 and 2002, the percent of bilateral knee replacements in Pennsylvania nearly tripled â from 3.4 percent of all knee replacements to 9.0 percent. The percent of bilateral total hip replacements also increased, from 1.2 percent in 1993 to 2.2 percent in 2002. PHC4 â¢ Total Hip and Knee Replacements FY 2002.