6 Generals Who Fought Against their Home State in the Civil War. For many Americans, choosing a side in the Civil War was no easy task. While most people simply sided with their home state, others struggled with family pressures, personal political beliefs and their devotion to the federal government.
An epitope, also known as antigenic determinant, is the part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system, specifically by antibodies, B cells, or T cells. For example, the epitope is the specific piece of the antigen to which an antibody binds. The part of an antibody that binds to the epitope is called a paratope. Although epitopes are usually non-self proteins, sequences derived from the host that can be recognized (as in the case of autoimmune diseases) are also epitopes.
T and B lymphocytes, the mediators of adaptive immune responses, express antigenâspecific receptors that allow them to discriminate between self and a virtually unlimited number of nonself molecules. Their receptors specifically recognise and bind subdomains of foreign macromolecules which are called epitopes. Tâcell epitopes (TCEs) and Bâcell epitopes (BCEs) differ fundamentally in the way they are recognised by the immune system.