1 Onset of sleep from time the lights were turned off; this is called  sleep onset latency  and normally is less than 20 minutes. ( 2 Note that determining sleep and awake is based solely on the EEG. Patients sometimes feel they were awake when the EEG shows they were sleeping.
The direct cost margin is calculated by taking the difference between the revenue generated by the sale of goods or services and the sum of all direct costs associated with the production of those goods, divided by the total revenue.
Gross Margin is a calculation of revenue less cost of goods sold, and is used to determine how well sales cover direct variable costs relating to the production of goods. Net income/sales, or profit margin, is calculated by investors to determine how efficiently a company turns revenues into profits.