Results show that participants with severe, untreated sleep apnea had a significant reduction in white matter fiber integrity in multiple brain areas. This brain damage was accompanied by impairments to cognition, mood and daytime alertness.
An iron deficiency can cause the nail bed to be thin and concave and have raised ridges. While most of Fox's patients don't come in to report nail problems, he routinely checks patients to make sure they have healthy fingernails. The nails offer many little clues to what's going on inside you.
Vertical ridging and brittle nails are often a normal result of aging. Toenail fungus and fingernail fungus can cause inflammation around the nail (paronychia) as well as lifting of the nail plate from the nail bed (onycholysis). Herpes infection can also cause painful swelling and blisters near the nail. Viral warts, caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), may cause a change in the shape of the nail or thickened skin growth under the nail (called periungual warts). Older individuals are often affected by toenail fungus infection (onychomycosis) associated with athlete's foot.