For example, when the economy is healthy, you will typically see low unemployment and wage increases as businesses demand labor to meet the growing economy. A significant change in GDP, whether up or down, usually has a significant effect on the stock market.
Clearly, the molecular disorder in a gas will be greater than that in a liquid, so there must be an entropy increase upon vapourisation. Likewise, when a liquid freezes the mobile molecules of the liquid phase are forced to assume fixed positions in the solid phase. This will normally reduce the molecular disorder of the system, so there will usually be an entropy decrease that accompanies freezing.
The defining expression for entropy in the theory of statistical mechanics established by Ludwig Boltzmann and J. Willard Gibbs in the 1870s, is of the form: where p i {\displaystyle p_{i}} is the probability of the microstate i taken from an equilibrium ensemble.