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Fibrous Pericardium. Continuous with the central tendon of the diaphragm, the fibrous pericardium is made of tough connective tissue and is relatively non-distensible. This rigidity prevents rapid overfilling of the heart, but can have several serious clinical consequences (see cardiac tamponade).
The pericardium is a protective sac around the heart and the roots of the major veins and arteries leading to it. It consists of two primary layers, one of which is broken down into two sub-layers. Its main purpose is to hold and lubricate the heart, and make sure that it doesn't expand too much.