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Function [edit]. The pericardial fluid reduces friction within the pericardium by lubricating the epicardial surface allowing the membranes to glide over each other with each heart beat.
Pericardial disease, or pericarditis, is inflammation of any of the layers of the pericardium. The pericardium is a thin tissue sac that surrounds the heart and consists of: Visceral pericardium -- an inner layer that envelopes the entire heart A middle fluid layer to prevent friction between the visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium Parietal pericardium -- an outer layer made of fibrous tissue