Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects women more than men. The disorder is most commonly diagnosed between ages 20 to 40, but it can be seen at any age. MS is caused by damage to the myelin sheath. This sheath is the protective covering that surrounds nerve cells.
Typically benign tumors, adenomas often press on the pituitary gland, causing loss of function of one or more hormones. Many pituitary adenomas are called âfunctioning tumorsâ because they actually make hormones and may cause an increase in hormone levels instead of a decrease.
A benign pituitary tumor secretes ACTH. This tumor, called a pituitary adenoma, is by far the most common tumor linked to Cushingâs syndrome. As a result, the condition it causes has been given its own name, Cushingâs disease. Pituitary adenomas account for 70% (in adults) to more than 90% (in children) of endogenous (non-medicine-related) Cushingâs syndrome cases.