Ordinary digital meters cannot accurately test the short-duration peak voltages at the high frequencies generated by CDI components. Electronic Specialties, Inc. offers a $39 retail DVA adapter that plugs into a digital multi-meter for checking CDI output voltages.
Treaty Ratification Process. A ratification process also occurs with all foreign treaties entered into by the president of the United States. According to the Constitution, the exclusive right to negotiate foreign treaties is held by the president and his subordinates (such as the Secretary of State).
The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 were the first multilateral treaties that addressed the conducts of warfare and were largely based on the Lieber Code, which was signed and issued by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln to the Union Forces of the United States in April 24, 1863, during the American Civil War.