Q = m*s*dT, where Q = heat, m = mass, s = specific heat, and dT is the change in temperature (T2 - T1). You can use this formula to calculate the specific heat. In the case of gases, just replace the mass by moles of the gas.
eXtensible markup language. XML is a file extension for an Extensible Markup Language (XML) file format used to create common information formats and share both the format and the data on the World Wide Web, intranets, and elsewhere using standard ASCII text. XML is similar to HTML.
Much like natural language is extensible (that is, can grow) when speakers create new words and agree on what they mean, XML is a markup language that can grow when users create new elements and agree on what they mean.