ARTACHSHARTA: Variant spelling of Persian Artachshatra, meaning great warrior or lion-king.. ARTACHSHASHTA (×Ö·×¨Ö°×ªÖ·Ö¼×Ö°×©×Ö·×©Ö°××ªÖ¼Ö°×): Hebrew form of Persian Artachshatra, meaning great warrior or lion-king.. In the bible, this is the name of the son and successor of Xerxes as emperor of Persia.
Swallowing problems may be due to gastroesophageal reflux disease in which acid from the stomach moves up to the esophagus. A tumor or trauma to the throat or esophagus can present the symptom of choking on saliva. Excess saliva is also a symptom of some neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and muscular dystrophy, states Mayo Clinic. Stroke sufferers can also have dysphagia and may choke on either food, liquids or saliva.
Swallowing disorders are especially common in the elderly. The consequences of dysphagia include dehydration, starvation, aspiration pneumonia and airway obstruction.1,2 Dysphagia may result from or complicate disorders such as stroke, Parkinson's disease and cancer. Indeed, aspiration pneumonia is a common cause of death in hospitalized patients. This article reviews the basic concepts of normal and abnormal swallowing, methods of evaluating dysphagia, and treatment strategies, with emphasis on disorders of oral and pharyngeal swallowing.