Fractures of the proximal fifth metatarsal that are distal to the tuberosity require more aggressive treatment. This includes fractures of the metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction (Figure 5) and fractures of the diaphysis (Figure 6). Complications such as delayed union and nonunion are common.
Extramedullary spinal tumors are far more common than intramedullary tumors. The most common extramedullary spinal tumors are meningiomas and schwannomas and they are both generally benign tumors. Meningiomas arise from arachnoid cells within the tissues of the spinal cord.
Among children, the most common tumor types are: 1  Medulloblastoma: The tumor usually arises in the cerebellum. 2  Grade I or II astrocytoma: In children, this low-grade tumor occurs anywhere in the brain. 3  Ependymoma: The tumor arises from cells that line the ventricles or the central canal of the spinal cord.