Codon Codon is a combination of three successive nucleotides in a DNA or RNA strand. All the nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, have nucleotides sequenced as a set of codons. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, one of A, C, T/U, or G.
Phases of the moon are simply how much sun is hitting the surface of the moon, with the moon being between the earth and the sun. Lunar eclipses occur when a conjunction between the earth and the sun... with the earth casting a shadow on the full moon.
During a Total Lunar Eclipse, the Sun, Earth and the Moon form a straight line. Earth blocks any direct sunlight from reaching the Moon. The Sun is behind Earth, so the Sun's light casts Earth's shadow on the Moon. This shadow covers the entire Moon and causes a Total Lunar Eclipse.