Common Disorders of the Canine Liver. Vessel Abnormalities: In young dogs, one of the most common liver disorders is a birth defect called congenital portosystemic shunt. In these cases, a blood vessel is present that bypasses the liver, causing a buildup of toxins that the liver would normally take care of.
Chiastic structure, or chiastic pattern, is a literary technique in narrative motifs and other textual passages. An example of chiastic structure would be two ideas, A and B, together with variants A' and B', being presented as A,B,B',A'.
In rhetoric, chiasmus, or less commonly chiasm, (Latin term from Greek ÏÎ¯Î±ÏÎ¼Î±, crossing, from the Greek ÏÎ¹Î¬Î¶Ï, chiÃ¡zÅ, to shape like the letter Ï) is the figure of speech in which two or more clauses are related to each other through a reversal of structures in order to make a larger point; that is, the clauses display inverted parallelism.