Codeine is a narcotic pain-reliever and cough suppressant similar to morphine and hydrocodone. Moreover, a small amount of codeine is converted to morphine in the body. The precise mechanism of action of codeine is not known; however, like morphine, codeine binds to receptors in the brain (opioid receptors) that are important for transmitting the sensation of pain throughout the body and brain. Codeine increases tolerance to pain, decreasing discomfort, but the pain still is apparent to the patient.
âA topical preparation of a skin lightening composition containing MSM in an amount of approximately 1 to 25 weight percent, such as about 15%, or greater than 20% by weight, is applied to a personâs skin in a daily regimen.
MSM, which stands for methylsulfonylmethane, is naturally found in healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables, and is thought to help form connective tissue in the body and may possibly reduce arthritis pain. Some studies have supported the claim that MSM can lower inflammation, Wei notes, but the effects are modest.mega-3 Fatty Acids. Thereâs good evidence that omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory effects, Wei says. Experts say fish oil, which contains omega-3s, can help treat rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and other inflammatory conditions.