Basically, the moon's red colour is all about the Earth's atmosphere: if Earth had no atmosphere, the moon would be completely dark during an eclipse. The moon's red or copper hue is caused by scattering, or refraction, of sunlight passing through Earth's atmosphere into the shadow that it casts onto the moon.
The early school of psychology called behaviorism: The study of observable behaviors especially as they pertain to the process of learning. Behaviorism was characterized by: observable behaviors that could be objectively measured and verified.
A CR is the learned response (salivating) to the originally neutral (but now conditioned) stimulus. Ivan Pavlov's work on classical conditioning laid the foundation for behaviorism, the view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes. The behaviorists believed that the basic laws of learning are the same for all species, including humans.