Exposure to the very high intensity electromagnetic fields found in the immediate vicinity of certain sources such as radar installations and TV or radio transmitters can produce electrical shock or a variety of heating effects, which may range from a sensation of warmth to burns and eventual cataract formation.
S 1 is a vertical, perfectly inelastic, supply curve. This represents 'momentary' supply. In most industries, if a firm was asked to produce a large order immediately, it simply would not be able to do it, regardless of the price offered for the order. Supply is perfectly inelastic in the very short run.
The IS-LM model exists in a plane with r, the interest rate, on the vertical axis and Y, being both income and output, on the horizontal axis. The IS-LM model has the same horizontal axis as the aggregate demand curve, but a different vertical axis. Figure %: Graph of the IS-LM curves.The IS curve describes equilibrium in the market for goods and services in terms of r and Y. The IS curve is downward sloping because as the interest rate falls, investment increases, thus increasing output. The LM curve describes equilibrium in the market for money.The LM curve is upward sloping because higher income results in higher demand for money, thus resulting in higher interest rates. The intersection of the IS curve with the LM curve shows the equilibrium interest rate and price level.hus, a drop in the price level decreases the interest rate, which increases the demand for investment and thereby increases aggregate demand. The third reason for the downward slope of the aggregate demand curve is Mundell-Fleming's exchange-rate effect.