Pipes in your system will have a C-Factor to help determine this loss. This is a measure of the roughness of the interior of the pipe that creates this friction. Different types of piping will have a different C-Factor, and the higher the C-Factor, the smoother the pipe.
A motif is a literary term that is an idea, object, or concept that repeats itself throughout a text. A motif gives clues to theme or reinforces ideas an author wants to emphasize. A motif generally reinforces the theme of the text. A motif must be repeated throughout a text to be considered a motif.
Theme: (1) the abstract concept explored in a literary work; (2) frequently recurring ideas, such as enjoy-life while-you-can; (3) repetition of a meaningful element in a work, such as references to sight, vision, and blindness in Oedipus Rex. Sometimes the theme is also called the motif.