An intravenous pyelogram may be used to diagnose disorders that affect the urinary tract, such as kidney stones, bladder stones, enlarged prostate, kidney cysts or urinary tract tumors. During an intravenous pyelogram, you'll have an X-ray dye (iodine contrast solution) injected into a vein in your arm. The dye flows into your kidneys, ureters and bladder, outlining each of these structures.
By Mayo Clinic Staff. Here are some of the most common causes of true under-eye circles. 1  Allergies. 2  Atopic dermatitis (eczema) 3  Contact dermatitis. 4  Fatigue.  Heredity â dark under-eye circles can run in families.
Extreme exposure to sun light from sun baking accounts for some dark spots at later stages in life. Below the age of 20, acne can cause dark spots due to scarring and red marks left by the infection. Melasma: Itâs one of the commonest causes of grayish patches on the face. It mostly affects the forehead, cheeks, or the area between your mouth and nose.