The form of energy associated with the position or arrangement of objects in a system. Second Law of Thermodynamics. States that no enrgy transformation is perfectly effiecients; in a closed system, some energy from every transformation will always be lost as heat, with a corresponding increase in entropy.
When we think of water, we think of rain, lakes and rivers. because they are parts of our daily lives. Water is also found in the atmosphere, underground, in. snow, ice, seas and oceans. It is in constant motion and recycles itself through the Water Cycle. Most of the earthâs water is salty or permanently frozen. 95.1% of water on earth is estimated. to be salt water. Fresh water total only 4.9% of all water on earth. Fresh water is found in. ice, lakes, rivers, streams and underground.
Salinity. Although everyone knows that seawater is salty, few know that even small variations in ocean surface salinity (i.e., concentration of dissolved salts) can have dramatic effects on the water cycle and ocean circulation.Throughout Earth's history, certain processes have served to make the ocean salty.ince 86% of global evaporation and 78% of global precipitation occur over the ocean, ocean surface salinity is the key variable for understanding how fresh water input and output affects ocean dynamics.