But this has been exacerbated by human activities which have led to: 1) an increase in greenhouse gas emissions that causes heat to remain trapped within the troposphere, and 2) a decrease in ozone in the stratosphere, causing less sunlight to be absorbed by the ozone layer, resulting in a cooling of the stratosphere.
When measuring for floor tile the rule is: Length x Width + Waste = Amount Needed. Waste Factor will vary based upon tile size, layout, configuration of room, patterns, etc. Typical waste factor is about 10%. Add 15% for tile being installed diagonally or for a room with lots of jogs and corners.
Measure how much space you need for each row with the spaces and cut tiles to size using a diamond tipped wet saw. So, for example, let's say your wall to tile is five feet long. You're putting up subway tile and the tiles are 6, with spaces of 1/4 between each of them.