Used to view spending and available funding to cover new obligations. It shows. the AFP, Allotment, Commitment, Obligation, Expenses, Disbursement, Available Allotment, and available AFP for budget objects (including Fund, Fund. Center, Commitment Item, Functional Area, and Funded Program).
A landmark case representing one of the earliest examples of the use of the Supremacy Clause is that of McCulloch v. Maryland. In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that the State of Maryland had no legal right to tax the Second Bank of the United States as a Federal entity.
Upon completion of this lesson, you should be ready to: 1  Describe the Supremacy Clause and how the U.S. Supreme Court upholds this clause. 2  Summarize the case of Marbury v. Madison and how it established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review.