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Kohlerâs disease is a rare condition in which the tarsal navicular bone (a bone in the arch of the foot) becomes inflamed. This bone disease is named after the German radiologist who described the condition in the early twentieth century. Kohlerâs disease usually affects children between the ages of three and five. It occurs more commonly in boys than in girls, and is often unilateral, affecting one foot. It is described as an avascular necrosis, or osteonecrosis, in which bone tissue deteriorates due to an interruption of blood supply.
Hirschsprung's disease is a birth defect that affects the nerve cells in the large intestine. These nerve cells control the muscles that normally push food and waste through the large intestine.In babies who have Hirschsprung's disease, the muscles in the wall of the large intestine don't relax, which prevents stool from passing.This can lead to trapped stool, infection, pain and swelling, and bowel problems. doctor may think that a child has the disease based on the child's symptoms and the results of a physical exam. Other tests may be done to confirm the diagnosis, such as: 1  A tissue sample from the rectum (biopsy) . 2  An abdominal X-ray. 3  An X-ray of the large intestine (barium enema) . 4  Anorectal manometry.