Immune system diseases (If you have kidney disease due to lupus, your doctor will call it lupus nephritis.) Long-lasting viral illnesses, such as HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Pyelonephritis, a urinary tract infections within the kidneys, which can result in scarring as the infection heals.
By Dr Ananya Mandal, MD. Nicotine has strong mood altering effects and can act on the brain as both a stimulant and a relaxant. Once within the bloodstream, nicotine may circulate around the body until it reaches the brain.
More recent research has shown. that the addiction produced by nicotine is extremely powerful and is at least as strong as addictions to. other drugs such as heroin and cocaine. Some of the effects of nicotine include changes in respiration. and blood pressure, constriction of arteries, and increased alertness.