Immune system diseases (If you have kidney disease due to lupus, your doctor will call it lupus nephritis.) Long-lasting viral illnesses, such as HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Pyelonephritis, a urinary tract infections within the kidneys, which can result in scarring as the infection heals.
By Dr Ananya Mandal, MD. Nicotine has strong mood altering effects and can act on the brain as both a stimulant and a relaxant. Once within the bloodstream, nicotine may circulate around the body until it reaches the brain.
Nicotineâs harmful effects depend on the dose, they found, and result in loss of lung endothelial barrier function, acute lung inflammation and decreased lung endothelial cell proliferation. The team observed these effects in cigarette smoke and in e-cig solutions containing nicotine. Importantly, the nicotine-free e-cig solutions also contained substances that harmed lung cells. For instance, acrolein targets molecules that hold the lung endothelial cells together.