High PTH levels may be caused by: 1  A parathyroid gland growth (hyperplasia) or a parathyroid tumor. 2  A low level of calcium in the blood. A low blood calcium level can be caused by kidney disease, kidney failure, severe vitamin D deficiency, or an inability of the intestines to absorb calcium from food.
The equity multiplier is a financial leverage ratio that measures the amount of a firmâs assets that are financed by its shareholders by comparing total assets with total shareholderâs equity. In other words, the equity multiplier shows the percentage of assets that are financed or owed by the shareholders.
But the constraint function is always equal to c, so dg 0 /dc = 1. Thus, df 0 /dc = Î» 0. That is, the Lagrange multiplier is the rate of change of the optimal value with respect to changes in the constraint.This is a powerful result, but be careful when using it! In particular, you have to make sure that your constraint function is written in just the right way.s a final note, I'll say a few words about what the Lagrange multiplier means, in ways inspired by both physics and economics. In our mostly geometrical discussion so far, Î» was just an artificial variable that lets us compare the directions of the gradients without worrying about their magnitudes.