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The placenta is the container that keeps the baby isolated from the mother. The fetal blood flows through the baby, out the umbilical cord to the placenta and no further. The placental membrane separates maternal blood from fetal blood.Oxygen and nutrients in the maternal blood in the intervillous spaces diffuse through the walls of the villi and enter the fetal capillaries.he fetal blood flows through the baby, out the umbilical cord to the placenta and no further. The placental membrane separates maternal blood from fetal blood. Oxygen and nutrients in the maternal blood in the intervillous spaces diffuse through the walls of the villi and enter the fetal capillaries.
Thus in humans, fetal capillaries are separated from sloshing maternal blood by only a thin chorionic layer. Keep in mind that fetal tissues are not as well oxygenated as maternal tissues. The umbilical vein carries oxygen-and nutrient-rich blood from the fetal side of the placenta to the fetus.However, this relatively well-oxygenated blood mixes with deoxygenated fetal blood before it enters fetal arterial circulation.The first site of mixing is within the liver.he resulting channel is known as the ductus venosus. Oxygenated venous blood from the liver (from the hepatic portal system as well as hepatic veins) is mixed in the ductus venosus and continues on to the caudal (posterior) vena cava.