Immune system diseases (If you have kidney disease due to lupus, your doctor will call it lupus nephritis.) Long-lasting viral illnesses, such as HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Pyelonephritis, a urinary tract infections within the kidneys, which can result in scarring as the infection heals.
By Dr Ananya Mandal, MD. Nicotine has strong mood altering effects and can act on the brain as both a stimulant and a relaxant. Once within the bloodstream, nicotine may circulate around the body until it reaches the brain.
The effects of nicotine on the metabolism are a product of the increase in blood pressure and heart rate that occurs when nicotine enters the body as well as the increase in adrenaline production. The moment nicotine enters the body, the blood vessels constrict, increasing blood pressure and making the heart beat up to 20 times more per minute.