However, it should be. noted that the unique nature of cartways also tends to involve a variety of unique circumstances. that cannot be covered in this discussion. There are four methods for establishing cartway, two are by owner dedication, and the. other two are by town board establishment. Cartways are most often raised in the context of the. town being petitioned to establish a cartway to provide access to landlocked property. As such,
Poverty affects a childâs development and educational outcomes beginning in the earliest years of life, both directly and indirectly through mediated, moderated, and transactional processes. School readiness, or the childâs ability to use and proï¬t from school, has been recognized as
nisms through which poverty affects child development and educational outcomes, and interventions that have been effective in improving child development and edÂ­ ucational outcomes for families in poverty in both the United States and developing countries. Speciï¬cally, this paper examines: 1) the concepts of poverty and child development; 2) mechanisms through which poverty affects child development and educational outcomes, including family functioning . and community processes; 3) programs and policies that have alleviated the negative effects of poverty on childrenâs development and have promoted child deÂ­