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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects approximately 6% of pregnancies in the United States, and it is increasing in prevalence. Pregnant women without known diabetes mellitus should be screened for GDM after 24 weeks of gestation. Treatment of GDM results in a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of preeclampsia, shoulder dystocia, and macrosomia. Initial management includes glucose monitoring and lifestyle modifications.
To screen for gestational diabetes, you will take a test called the oral glucose tolerance test. This test involves quickly drinking a sweetened liquid, which contains 50g of glucose. The body absorbs this glucose rapidly, causing blood sugar levels to rise within 30-60 minutes.estational Diabetes. Gestational diabetes is a condition characterized by high blood glucose (sugar) levels that are discovered during pregnancy. It is defined as carbohydrate intolerance. About 3 percent to 5 percent of all pregnant women in the U.S. are diagnosed with gestational diabetes.