However, it should be. noted that the unique nature of cartways also tends to involve a variety of unique circumstances. that cannot be covered in this discussion. There are four methods for establishing cartway, two are by owner dedication, and the. other two are by town board establishment. Cartways are most often raised in the context of the. town being petitioned to establish a cartway to provide access to landlocked property. As such,
Poverty affects a childâs development and educational outcomes beginning in the earliest years of life, both directly and indirectly through mediated, moderated, and transactional processes. School readiness, or the childâs ability to use and proï¬t from school, has been recognized as
Family income and economic circumstances have a powerful effect on childrenâs develop-ment. Like other risk factors, low family income affects children mainly by affecting their home environments and the parenting they receive in ways that hinder optimal development.2-14 Risk factors like these can affect children even in the first years of life. Early risk is associated with later behavioral and academic outcomes. For example, risk exposure during infancy appears to be more detrimental for childrenâs school readiness than later exposure.