These initials refer to the doctor's credentials â they indicate the type of medical school the doctor attended and the licensing exam they took to become a doctor. MD stands for Doctor of Medicine, and is the most common type of degree earned by doctors who practice medicine in the United States.
Anxiety is often manifested at various times during cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment, or recurrence. For patients undergoing cancer treatment, anxiety can also heighten the expectancy of pain,[10-12] other symptoms of distress, and sleep disturbances and can be a major factor in anticipatory nausea and vomiting.
The Impact of Event Scale (IES) is a short set of 15 questions that can measure the amount of distress that you associate with a specific event. Developed in 1979 by Mardi Horowitz, Nancy Wilner, and William Alvarez, it continues to find use in research and with mental health professionals worldwide.ere are the questions and instructions for the original Impact of Event Scale. List Today's Date_________. List the Date of the Event_________. Describe the Event______________________________________________. Below is a list of comments made by people after stressful life events.