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In sociology, deviance describes an action or behavior that violates social norms, including a formally enacted rule (e.g., crime), as well as informal violations of social norms (e.g., rejecting folkways and mores).n sociology, conflict theory states that society or an organization functions so that each individual participant and its groups struggle to maximize their benefits, which inevitably contributes to social change such as political changes and revolutions.
They had the same goals as everyone else but were blocked from the usual means of achieving them. They may act out in a deviant manner. Another framework sociologists use to understand the world is the structural functional theory. Its central idea is that society is a complex unit, made up of interrelated parts.Sociologists who apply this theory study social structure and social function.e identified four specific functions that deviance fulfills: 1  Affirmation of cultural norms and values: Seeing a person punished for a deviant act reinforces what a society sees as acceptable or unacceptable behavior. 2  Sentencing a thief to prison affirms our culturally held value that stealing is wrong.