Humans cannot synthesize astaxanthin in the body, nor does it appear to act as a pro-vitamin for Vitamin A (retinol) in mammals under normal conditions although it appears that in states of Vitamin A deficiency astaxanthin (in rats) can be forced into a provitamin role.
Annual Running Cost (Â£) = Cost per mile x Average mileage /100. The Renault Clio takes about 40 litres to fill up and travels 400 miles on a full tank, giving it a respectable MPG of 45. This equates to around 10.5p/mile assuming that the Price of Petrol is around 105p per litlre. For a Renault Clio.
Beginning on Jan. 1, 2017, the standard mileage rates for the use of a car (also vans, pickups or panel trucks) will be: 1  53.5 cents per mile for business miles driven, down half a cent from 54 cents for 2016. 2  17 cents per mile driven for medical or moving purposes, down 2 cents from 19 cents for 2016.