Unfortunately neither colour nor turbidity are strong indicators of the overall chemical composition of water. However both colour and turbidity reduce the amount of light penetrating the water and can have significant impact on algae and macrophytes.
Wines range from 0 to about 220 grams per liter sugar, depending on the style. Dry wines can contain up to about 10 grams of sugar per bottle but still taste dry. Bone Dry <1 cal per glass. Dry 0-6 cal per glass.
The number of calories a wine contains is dependent on the alcohol content. The more the alcohol, the more the calories. Alcohol provides 7 calories per gram, compared to carbs and protein which only provide 4 calories per gram. If a wine is low in alcohol but high in calories, then it is likely a sweet wine and the extra sugars are the reason why.