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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects approximately 6% of pregnancies in the United States, and it is increasing in prevalence. Pregnant women without known diabetes mellitus should be screened for GDM after 24 weeks of gestation. Treatment of GDM results in a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of preeclampsia, shoulder dystocia, and macrosomia. Initial management includes glucose monitoring and lifestyle modifications.
There are several tests intended to identify gestational diabetes in pregnant women. The first, called the Glucose Challenge Screening, is a preliminary screening test performed between 26-28 weeks.If a woman tests positive during this screening test, the second test, called the Glucose Tolerance Test, may be performed.This test will diagnose whether diabetes exists or not by indicating whether or not the body is using glucose (a type of sugar) effectively.rior to the taking the glucose tolerance test, your doctor will ask you to make sure and eat at least 150mg of carbohydrates (about what you will get from a slice or two of bread) for three days prior to the time you will be asked to fast.