Natural hazards are excluded as a cause; however human activities can indirectly affect phenomena such as floods and bush fires. This is considered to be an important topic of the 21st century due to the implications land degradation has upon agronomic productivity, the environment, and its effects on food security.
prepress. 1  of or relating to all operations other than the preparation of the press that are required in preparing a job for printing. ( 2 of a proof) pulled from a finished plate prior to or in lieu of a press proof.
Techopedia explains Prepress. Prepress is a term used primarily in the digital printing industry. It defines all the processes that occur after a graphic designer has created a design file until it is ready for printing or is printed. The prepress process is necessary, as a computer-generated print layout may appear different in alignment, format and color if it is directly printed on a press machine.