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A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection from microbes. These are organisms that are too small to be seen without a microscope. Most UTIs are caused by bacteria, but some are caused by fungi and in rare cases by viruses. UTIs are among the most common infections in humans. A UTI can happen anywhere in your urinary tract.
UTI Causes and Risk Factors. UTIs begin when bacteria enter the urinary tract. These germs usually get in through the urethra. Most UTIs are caused by E. coli and other bacteria that are normally found in the digestive tract. Sexually transmitted infections â including herpes, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and mycoplasma â can also cause UTIs. The following risk factors increase your chance of getting a UTI: Having a shorter urethra.