M. luteus can be found in many places such as the human skin, water, dust, and soil. Micrococcus is generally thought of as harmless bacterium, but there have been rare cases of Micrococcus infections in people with compromised immune systems, as occurs with HIV patients.
Therefore when used in gel electrophoresis, markers effectively provide a logarithmic scale by which to estimate the size of the other fragments (providing the fragment sizes of the marker are known). Protein, DNA, and RNA markers with pre-determined fragment sizes and concentrations are commercially available.
Gel electrophoresis can be used for separating DNA, RNA or proteins based on size. The larger molecules will move slowly through the gel and end up closer to the origin (the p â¦ lace where samples are loaded) and the smaller molecules are found closer to the terminal end of the gel.