Mr. Davidoff's response is spot on. The general relationship is the greater the number of allowances you claim, the less tax withheld. Ideally you want the amount withheld to be as close as possible to your actual tax liability. If you withhold too little, you must pay, and in some cases, would incur a penalty.
For the county in southeastern Missouri, see Butler County, Missouri. Butler is a city in Bates County, Missouri, United States. The population was 4,219 at the 2010 census. The county seat of Bates County, the city is named for William Orlando Butler, a noted American military and political figure of the early and mid-19th century. It is located approximately fifty miles south of Kansas City, Missouri on U.S. Route 71-Interstate 49.
The Butler Downtown Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 12, 2005. Butler is the county seat of Taylor County, Georgia, United States. Its population was 1,972 at the 2010 census.