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A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection from microbes. These are organisms that are too small to be seen without a microscope. Most UTIs are caused by bacteria, but some are caused by fungi and in rare cases by viruses. UTIs are among the most common infections in humans. A UTI can happen anywhere in your urinary tract.
Other causes of UTI are: 1  Obstruction in the flow of urine. This could be in the form of kidney stones which prevent the bladder from emptying out completely. As the urine sits for a long time in the bladder, it leads to an infection.  In case of senior patients, the use of catheters can also lead to UTI.