Not to be confused with Retinal. Retinol, also known as Vitamin A1, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. As a supplement it is used to treat and prevent vitamin A deficiency, especially that which is resulting in xerophthalmia.
Desmosomes are anchoring junctions â mechanical couplings scattered like rivets along the sides of adjacent cells to prevent their separation. On the cytoplasmic face of each plasma membrane is a thickening called a plaque.
Gap junction: communication junctions. 1  connect plasma membrane. 2  channels connecting cytoplasm of adjacent cells. 3  connexin form channel. 4  pass through: ions, regulatory molecules (cyclic AMP) 5  rapid chemical and electrical communication. 6  In body: pancreas, some nerve cells, cardiac muscle (synchronize contractions)