A form of apparatus often used for testing specimens of steel consists of a small electric furnace in which to heat the specimen, and a special thermo-couple pyrometer (see  Pyrometers ) for indicating the range of temperatures through which the steel passes.
Where the American Civil War Began. Decades of growing strife between North and South erupted in civil war on April 12, 1861, when Confederate artillery opened fire on this Federal fort in Charleston Harbor. Fort Sumter surrendered 34 hours later. Union forces would try for nearly four years to take it back.
A federal outpost in Charleston South Carolina that was attacked by the Confederates in April 1861 Sparky the Civil War. Fort Sumter-being claimed by the north and south-south confederate shoot the first gun. 1862 a Union victory in the Civil War that marked the bloodiest single battle day in US military history.