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Most frequently humeral shaft fractures occur as a result of a direct blow to the upper arm (transverse fractures). Indirect trauma from a fall or a twisting action (e.g. arm wrestling) are also encountered and usually result in spiral or oblique fractures 1,3.
1 An oblique fracture is when the break has a curved or sloped pattern. 2  A comminuted fracture is when the bone breaks into several pieces.  A buckled fracture, also known as an impacted fracture, is one whose ends are driven into each other.