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Most frequently humeral shaft fractures occur as a result of a direct blow to the upper arm (transverse fractures). Indirect trauma from a fall or a twisting action (e.g. arm wrestling) are also encountered and usually result in spiral or oblique fractures 1,3.
Some fracture types are: 1  A Greenstick fracture is an incomplete fracture in which the bone is bent. 2  A transverse fracture is when the broken piece of bone is at a right angle to the bone's axis. 3  An oblique fracture is when the break has a curved or sloped pattern.  A comminuted fracture is when the bone breaks into several pieces.