1 Cubism was invented around 1907 in Paris by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. 2  Cubism was the first abstract style of modern art. 3  A Cubist painting ignores the traditions of perspective drawing and shows you many views of a subject at one time. 4  The Cubists introduced collage into painting.
Two linear systems using the same set of variables are equivalent if each of the equations in the second system can be derived algebraically from the equations in the first system, and vice versa.
In short, if 100 units are in process but you have only expended 40% of the processing costs on them, then you are considered to have 40 equivalent units of production. Equivalent units is a cost accounting concept that is used in process costing for cost calculations.quivalent units of production is a term applied to the work-in-process inventory at the end of an accounting period.