Magna Carta (Great Charter) was originally a peace agreement between King John and a number of rebel feudal lords (barons), signed and agreed at a meadow at Runnymede in Surrey in 1215.
Gradualism, from Latin gradus (âstepâ), is a hypothesis, a theory or a tenet assuming that change comes about gradually or that variation is gradual in nature.Similar concepts are: uniformitarianism, incrementalism and reformism.n the natural sciences, gradualism is the theory which holds that profound change is the cumulative product of slow but continuous processes, often contrasted with catastrophism.
âPhased or gradual retirement is any arrangement that enables older workers to reduce their work hours and responsibilities for the purpose of easing into full retirement. Some discussions of phased retirement also include âbridge jobsââ¦the reemployment of retirees, and post-retirement community serviceâ (Townsend, 2001, p. 1). âMost scholars and practitionersâ¦limit the concept [of phased retirement] to continued work past normal retirement for the same employer or employers within the same systemâ (Flahaven, 2002, p. 24).