The anvil also incorporates a square cross-sectional hole for accommodating shanks of other different tools. Hammers: Primarily a blacksmith may prefer two types of hammers for the operations of hand forging, the smithâs hand hammer and the sledge hammer.
The result of these mutations is enhanced BRAF kinase activity and increased phosphorylation of downstream targets, particularly MEK (Wan et al. 2004). In the vast majority of cases, BRAF mutations are non-overlapping with other oncogenic mutations found in melanoma (e.g., NRAS mutations, KIT mutations, etc.).
Entrez Gene Summary for BRAF Gene. This gene encodes a protein belonging to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases. This protein plays a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway, which affects cell division, differentiation, and secretion.iseases associated with BRAF include noonan syndrome 7 and leopard syndrome 3. Among its related pathways are Signaling by FGFR and Signaling by FGFR. GO annotations related to this gene include calcium ion binding and protein serine/threonine kinase activity. An important paralog of this gene is MAP3K9.