Power Management applications: load shedding; active and reactive power control; busbar synchronization. * Horizontal communication to IEDs via GOOSE and Vertical communication via MMS for standard data objects and SoE for breaker and switch commands.
A paraesophageal hernia is also known as a hiatal hernia, where a portion of the stomach slides through the diaphragm and into the chest. This may cause symptoms of pain, heartburn, reflux, and difficulty swallowing food. Sometimes it causes food or even liquids to become stuck as they go down the esophagus.
Most paraesophageal hiatal hernias have no symptoms of reflux because the GE junction remains below the diaphragm, but because of the way the stomach has rotated into the chest, there is the possibility of a gastric volvulus, where the stomach twists upon itself.