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As nouns the difference between oligomerization and polymerization is that oligomerization is (chemistry) the formation of an oligomer from a monomer while polymerization is (chemistry) the chemical process, normally with the aid of a catalyst, to form a polymer by bonding together multiple identical units (monomers).
Polymerization is a chemical reaction in which many small molecules (monomers) join together to form a large molecule (polymer). Often the reaction produces heat and pressure. Industry carries out these processes under closely monitored conditions.ther chemicals (catalysts and initiators) and controlled amounts of heat, light and pressure are often involved. Vigorous polymerization is potentially hazardous because the reaction may get out of control. Once started, the reaction is accelerated by the heat that it produces.