Molecules and atoms are much, much smaller than a bacterial cell. The molecular level basically means that you are talking about things in the size range of most molecules and not any bigger.Of course there are molecules of very different sizes, but the point is that you are looking at something at a scale where you would see molecules and not not larger structures like crystals.olecules and atoms are much, much smaller than a bacterial cell. The molecular level basically means that you are talking about things in the size range of most molecules and not any bigger.
If mismatch repair isn't working, cells will accumulate mutations really quickly because any mistakes in DNA replication aren't being fixed. All those mutations can lead to various types of cancer, including colon cancer, ovarian cancer, stomach cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer... the list goes on and on.
The problem of how DNA replication occurs only once in each cell cycle has been partially resolved by studies in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, where genetic approaches have been used to study the sequential coupling of the S and M phases. As will be discussed, Cdk are implicated as central regulators.