Lack of control of the environment is often pinpointed as a cause of frustration and stress in confined animals. When the animal cannot control things, such as the feeding time or the lighting program, and when it cannot escape from things it finds unpleasant, it often behaves in a manner that indicates frustration.
Cavitation can also cause excessive pump vibration, which could damage pump bearings, wearing rings, and seals. A small number of centrifugal pumps are designed to operate under conditions where cavitation is unavoidable.
Many pumps are required to operate with a certain amount of cavitation without any damage and also without any loss in flow, because as long as the point of backformation of the bubbles occurs before the end of the suction stroke, the working chamber is completely filled.o observe the generation and the backformation of cavitation in the working chamber and at the suction side valve the pump was equipped with several pressure resistant inspection windows. The test loop consists of a 10 kW plunger pump operating with variable speed control up to 400 rpm.