Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics. Lamarck's second broad claim was, acquired traits are inherited by offspring. Lamarck's second tenet is that this evolution of species occurs by the inheritance of acquired characteristics (like Ms. Intergalactic's strength). We now know that this is incorrect, but let's examine what Lamarck meant by 'acquired characteristics.'.
It depends on the company making the refund... but I've waited no longer than 2 days. Usually between 24 hours to 5 working days. on average, a 'credit' to your debit card takes just as long a 'debit' on your card. but it does depend on the merchant or store thats processing the transaction. I've waited up to two weeks.
Paying off maxed out credit cards will help your score. You should see the improvement as soon as the cards update to the credit bureaus. They only update once a month so it might take 45 days before it shows. But this is only true if the account is still open and active, not if it's in collections.