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As the pH increases, the amino group looses a proton. Proteins are formed by a condensation reaction that joins the amino group of one amino acid with the carboxyl group of another. The resulting bond is a type of covalent bond called a peptide bond.Thus, proteins are also called polypeptides-because they contain oodles of peptide bonds.rimary structure-Refers to the sequence of amino acids in the protein. Once formed, the protein immediately folds and takes on a particular 3D configuration (see below). The shape of the protein is determined by the sequence of amino acids (the primary structure). Let s use pop beads to model a protein.
For example, structural proteins maintain cell shape, akin to a skeleton, and they compose structural elements in connective tissues like cartilage and bone in vertebrates. Enzymes are another type of protein, and these molecules catalyze the biochemical reactions that occur in cells. Yet other proteins work as monitors, changing their shape and activity in response to metabolic signals or messages from outside the cell.