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Figure 3. A multi-year Purdue study found that the highest alfalfa yields were recorded when fertilizer rates were 50 pounds of P 2 O 5 per acre per year, and 200 pounds or more of K 2 O per acre per year.igure 3. A multi-year Purdue study found that the highest alfalfa yields were recorded when fertilizer rates were 50 pounds of P 2 O 5 per acre per year, and 200 pounds or more of K 2 O per acre per year.
A good stand of alfalfa (36 or more plants per square yard) with proper fertility and pest control, can yield 5 to 7 tons per acre under irrigation. This compares to a state average of 2.8 tons per acre as reported by the Montana Crop and Livestock Reporting Service.