Flow Volume Loops. 1  Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) 2  Forced Expiratory Volume after 0.5 seconds (FEV0.5) 3  Forced Expiratory Volume after 1 second (FEV1) 4  Forced Expiratory Volume after 3 seconds (FEV3) 5  Forced Expiratory Volume after 6 seconds (FEV6) 6  Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) 7  Forced Expiratory Flow at 25% of FVC (FEF25)
Phantom limb pain (PLP) refers to ongoing painful sensations that seem to be coming from the part of the limb that is no longer there. The limb is gone, but the pain is real. The onset of this pain most often occurs soon after surgery. It can feel like a variety of things, such as burning, twisting, itching or pressure.
The risk of having this pain is reduced if a spinal anesthetic and a general anesthetic are used during surgery. Some people experience phantom sensation, which is not painful but feels as though the amputated limb is still there. The residual limb may be painful. If it is, the person should first check for signs of infection and skin breakdown. If pain is due to infection, the doctor should be consulted.