The concept of securitization is generally associated with the Copenhagen school of security studies, which is generally taken to include Ole WÃ¦ver, Barry Buzan, and a range of other, more loosely associated, researchers.
Average annual number of employed coal miners in the United States, 1890-2014. US employment in coal mining peaked in 1923, when there were 863,000 coal miners. Since then, mechanization has greatly improved productivity in coal mining, so that employment has declined at the same time coal production increased. The average number of coal mining employees declined to 65,400 in 2015.
The two largest coal mines in America announced massive layoffs Thursday morning. Peabody Energy cut 235 people at North Antelope Rochelle, or 15 percent of the workforce at Americaâs largest mine. Arch Coal said it was cutting 15 percent, or 230 people, at its Black Thunder Mine near Wright.