Causes of labored breathing include: 1  Severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also renal failure. 2  Cardiac disease. 3  Respiratory failure.
A planarian is one of many flatworms of the Turbellaria class. It is also the common name for a member of the genus Planaria within the family Planariidae.Sometimes it also refers to the genus Dugesia. Planaria are common to many parts of the world, living in both saltwater and freshwater ponds and rivers.n asexual reproduction, the planarian detaches its tail end and each half regrows the lost parts by regeneration, allowing neoblasts (adult stem cells) to divide and differentiate, thus resulting in two worms. Some species of planaria are exclusively asexual, whereas some can reproduce both sexually and asexually.
The body size of planarians along the anterior-posterior axis ranges from 3 to 20 millimeters. The planarian CNS is composed of a brain in the head region and a pair of ventral nerve cords (VNCs) that extend the length of the body (Fig.1A) (Agata et al., 1998; Tazaki et al., 1999).n the first study on the organization of the planarian brain, a homolog of the homeobox-containing gene Orthopedia (Otp) from planaria, Djotp, was isolated. Djotp is specifically expressed in the branch structures of the brain (Umesono et al., 1997).