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Definition. Protein characteristic of the postsynaptic membrane. In a chemical synapse, the postsynaptic membrane is the membrane that receives a signal (binds neurotransmitter) from the presynaptic cell and responds via depolarisation or hyperpolarisation. The postsynaptic membrane is separated from the presynaptic membrane by the synaptic cleft.
The neuron that is acted upon by the chemical is termed the postsynaptic neuron. The neurotransmitter molecules released from the presynaptic vesicles traverse the synaptic gap and bind to proteins, termed neurotransmitter receptors, on the surface membrane of the postsynaptic neuron.