Further, African Americans did not have the freedom to choose where and how to live due to the effects of state-sponsored restrictive covenantsâlegally binding contracts making it illegal to rent, sell, or lease housing to black people (in some regions it included other nonwhites).
Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the most common clinical presentation of acute ischemic damage to the optic nerve.Most treatments proposed for NAION are empirical and include a wide range of agents presumed to act on thrombosis, on the blood vessels, or on the disk edema itself.onarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the most common clinical presentation of acute ischemic damage to the optic nerve.
In contrast, NAION results from the coincidence of cardiovascular risk factors in a patient with crowded optic discs. Non-arteritic AION is more common than AAION and usually occurs in a slightly younger group than AAION.he mechanism of injury for NAION used to be quite controversial. However, experts in the field have come to a consensus that most cases involve two main risk factors. The first is a predisposition in the form of a type of optic disc shape.