A key process in surfactant secretion is exocytosis of LB, and there have been several ultrastructural observations of lamellar material passing from AT II cells into alveoli (reviewed in ref.
In one general practice sample, costochondritis, also known as costosternal syndrome and anterior chest wall syndrome, was the most common specific cause of anterior musculoskeletal chest pain, with a prevalence of 13%.
â¢Viruses such as herpes zoster (shingles)may also cause chest wall pain. If the chest wall is tender to the touch, or if the pain occurs with movement of the shoulder, arm, etc, then a musculoskeletal cause is likely. The junction of the sternum and rib can become tender and inflamed.