Naming difficulties may be rank ordered along a continuum. Items are rank ordered in terms of their ability to be named, which is correlated with their frequency. This type of picture-naming test is also useful in the examination of children with learning disabilities and the evaluation of brain-injured adults.
The Jarvik-7 heart was developed by American scientist Robert Jarvik and his mentor, Willem Kolff. In 1982, Seattle dentist Dr. Barney Clark was the first person implanted with the Jarvik-7, the first artificial heart intended to last a lifetime.
Update from the Implantable Artificial Kidney Corporation added on February 14th, 2014: On February 12th, 2014 Charles E. Jennings, inventor, chief scientist, and president of the Implantable Artificial Kidney Corporation (IAKC) passed away after being hospitalized following by-pass surgery.