Thus, the AS procedures were still compatible in factor of safety for concrete members. LF rating procedures usually assign a dead load factor of 1.3 and live load factors of 2.17 (when computing Inventory Ratings) and 1.3 (when computing Operating Ratings).
Of the three rat species found in Hawaii, the black . rat, because of its size and arboreal behavior is considered the greatest threat to native Hawaiian forest birds. Rats also compete with forest birds for food items . such as native snails, insects, fruits, and seeds. Polynesian rats first arrived in Hawai`i with the . Polynesians (approx. 400A.D.) and black and Norway rats arrived with Westerners in the 1780s. Some species of rats can swim over a mile in open water, and can tread water for up to three days. Some species of rats can travel through sewer pipes and dive through water plumbing traps.
On Tuesday morning, a pedestrian in Honolulu's Chinatown came across a snake in the sidewalk. Now it'd be surprising enough to stumble upon a two-and-a-half foot non-venomous rainbow boa constrictor at 7 a.m., but in Hawaii it's downright shocking. That's because, technically, Hawaii doesn't have any snakes. While Hawaii is rife with invasive species, snakes are among the most dangerous. Without any natural predators, they compete with the native animal populations for food and habitat, and many snake species prey on birds and their eggs, increasing the threat to Hawaii's many endangered native birds.