As a branch of astronomy, star formation includes the study of the interstellar medium (ISM) and giant molecular clouds (GMC) as precursors to the star formation process, and the study of protostars and young stellar objects as its immediate products.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) (or carbon capture and sequestration) is the process of capturing waste carbon dioxide (CO2) from large point sources, such as fossil fuel power plants, transporting it to a storage site, and depositing it where it will not enter the atmosphere, normally an underground geological formation.
Alongside nuclear power and harnessing renewable energy sources, one hope for this is via 'clean coal' technologies, such as carbon capture and sequestration, also called carbon capture and storage (both abbreviated as CCS). It involves the geological storage of CO2, typically 2-3 km deep, as a permanent solution.