The heart is divided into four main areas, or chambers â two upper chambers (called the left and right atrium) and two lower chambers (called the left and right ventricle). There are four valves that control the flow of blood through your heart.he heart is divided into four main areas, or chambers â two upper chambers (called the left and right atrium) and two lower chambers (called the left and right ventricle). There are four valves that control the flow of blood through your heart.
The newly approved Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) pain management standards present an important opportunity for widespread and sustainable improvement in pain assessment and management. Unrelieved pain is a major, yet avoidable, public health problem.
Committee member Sean Mackey, MD, PhD, noted that about a third of the population is affected by chronic pain -- more people than are affected by heart disease, diabetes, and cancer combined -- yet very little is spent on research to find better ways to manage pain.n IOM committee commissioned by Congress concluded that pain is not optimally managed in the U.S. and that effective treatment of chronic pain will require a coordinated national effort to transform how the public, policy makers, and health care providers view the condition.