For example, the social and economic statistics published by accredited sources such as U.S. government departments are indicators. Popular indicators include unemployment rates, housing starts, inflationary indexes and consumer confidence. Official indicators must meet certain set criteria; there are three categories of indicators, classified according to the types of predictions they make. Leading-These types of indicators signal future events.
A conjugate acid, within the BroenstedâBrÃ¸nsted lowryâacid base, theory is a species formed by the reception of a (Proton), h+ by a âbase in other, words the base with a hydrogen ion added to. It on the other, hand a conjugate base is merely what is left after an acid has donated a proton in a chemical. reactione say that the water molecule is the conjugate acid of the hydroxide ion after the latter received the hydrogen proton donated by ammonium. On the other hand, ammonia is the conjugate base for the acid ammonium after ammonium has donated a hydrogen ion towards the production of the water molecule.
The BrÃ¸nstedâLowry theory is an acidâbase reaction theory which was proposed independently by Johannes Nicolaus BrÃ¸nsted and Thomas Martin Lowry in 1923. The fundamental concept of this theory is that when an acid and a base react with each other, the acid forms its conjugate base, and the base forms its conjugate acid by exchange of a proton. This theory is a generalization of the Arrhenius theory.