NOTE: 1  It is a good idea to label each equation. 2  This value of x can be substituted into equation [1] or [2], or into the expression for y: y = 2x â 1. 3  Choose the one that is easiest!  As a check, substitute the values back into each of the two starting equations.
Paraprotein. A paraprotein is an immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin light-chain that is produced in excess by the clonal proliferation of plasma cells. Detection of paraproteins in the urine or blood is most often associated with benign MGUS, where they remain silent, and multiple myeloma.araprotein. A paraprotein is an immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin light-chain that is produced in excess by the clonal proliferation of plasma cells. Detection of paraproteins in the urine or blood is most often associated with benign MGUS, where they remain silent, and multiple myeloma.
Immunological Investigation. Immunoglobulin (Ig) levels:Measurement of the levels (in serum or other fluid) of IgG, IgA and IgM. Marked elevation of only a single antibody class, especially if associated with reduction of other immunoglobulins, suggests the possible presence of a paraprotein. paraprotein will only react with a single heavy chain and a single light chain type (e.g. IgG l), or only a single light chain class if only free light chains are produced. IIFX must be carried out in order to confirm monoclonality of the putative paraprotein band.