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With growth rates of 0.3 to 2 centimeters per year for massive corals, and up to 10 centimeters per year for branching corals, it can take up to 10,000 years for a coral reef to form from a group of larvae (Barnes, 1987).lick the image to see an animation. Coral reefs begin to form when free-swimming coral larvae attach to submerged rocks or other hard surfaces along the edges of islands or continents. As the corals grow and expand, reefs take on one of three major characteristic structures fringing, barrier or atoll.
Coral restoration means moving nursery-reared corals to restoration sites. After six to eight months growing in the nursery, corals are healthy and mature enough to be transplanted to a restoration site. These are reef sites that are degraded and damaged and would benefit from Staghorn and Elkhorn corals growing there. Corals are taken from the nursery and are transplanted to restoration sites (damaged reef areas) using a couple of different methods.