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In molecular biology, DNA ligase is a specific type of enzyme, a ligase, (EC 6.5.1.1) that facilitates the joining of DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond. DNA ligase III: complexes with DNA repair protein XRCC1 to aid in sealing DNA during the process of nucleotide excision repair and recombinant fragments. 2  Of the all known mammalian DNA ligases, only Lig III has been found to be present in mitochondria. 3  DNA ligase IV: complexes with XRCC4.
Ligase mechanism. The mechanism of DNA ligase is to form two covalent phosphodiester bonds between 3' hydroxyl ends of one nucleotide (acceptor), with the 5' phosphate end of another (donor). Formation of a phosphodiester bond between the 5' phosphate of the donor and the 3' hydroxyl of the acceptor.