Litter taxes do not provide a disincentive to litter. Since they are passed on to consumers in the price of goods, citizens don't know they are paying or why. Most litter taxes are collected three times: once from the manufacturer, again from the wholesaler, and once from the retailer.
User: Which factors are common to both gradualism and punctuated equilibrium? A. Migration, genetic drift, speciation, and natural selection B. Allele change and microevolution C. Slow adaptation, stasis, and expansion Weegy: A.) GradualismExpert answered|patmarone|Points 4979|.
Harvard University Press 2007. ISBN 0-674-02444-3. $18.95. Punctuated Equilibrium is a theory about how the evolutionary process works, based on patterns of first appearances and subsequent histories of species in the fossil record. The theory holds that species originate too rapidly to enable their origins to be traced by paleontologists (punctuation), and then persist unchanged through geological time in stasis (equilibrium).