Thus, the AS procedures were still compatible in factor of safety for concrete members. LF rating procedures usually assign a dead load factor of 1.3 and live load factors of 2.17 (when computing Inventory Ratings) and 1.3 (when computing Operating Ratings).
Of the three rat species found in Hawaii, the black . rat, because of its size and arboreal behavior is considered the greatest threat to native Hawaiian forest birds. Rats also compete with forest birds for food items . such as native snails, insects, fruits, and seeds. Polynesian rats first arrived in Hawai`i with the . Polynesians (approx. 400A.D.) and black and Norway rats arrived with Westerners in the 1780s. Some species of rats can swim over a mile in open water, and can tread water for up to three days. Some species of rats can travel through sewer pipes and dive through water plumbing traps.
The story of mongoose in Hawaii really begins with the story of rats in Hawaii. In the mid 19th century, rats were running rampant in the sugarcane fields, destroying crops and multiplying quickly due to the fact that they had no natural predators on the island.