9). In the case of K + and Cl - , the electrical and concentration gradients of molecules work against each other. K + is attracted toward the inside of a cell because of the inside-negative membrane potential, but the moleculeâs concentration gradient works in the other direction.
Directory Definition. The term directory is used in a computer software context to refer to what appears to the user to be a container or folder1 that can hold files and other directories. A file is a named collection of related data that appears to the user as a single, contiguous block of information and that is retained in storage.
The following section is a crash course in NT Directory Services (NTDS). It is not intended to compete with the numerous books that are dedicated to NT administration, but is included to define various concepts that are used in the remainder of this chapter. Directory Services is one of the services provided by NT. It enables a user to be identified, and provides access to the various resources throughout the systems and networks. In addition, it allows a system administrator to manage the users and the network, from any system on that network.