A key process in surfactant secretion is exocytosis of LB, and there have been several ultrastructural observations of lamellar material passing from AT II cells into alveoli (reviewed in ref.
In one general practice sample, costochondritis, also known as costosternal syndrome and anterior chest wall syndrome, was the most common specific cause of anterior musculoskeletal chest pain, with a prevalence of 13%.
The concave anterior chest wall in Pectus Excavatum can cause constriction and compression of vital internal organs such as the lungs and heart. But Dr. Chen says many children and their parents choose to have the deformity corrected for social and psychological reasons as well as anatomic and physiologic reasons.