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The innermost layer of a blood vessel wall is the tunica intima (too'ni-ka in-ti'ma; intimus = inmost), or tunica interna. It is composed of an endothelium (a simple squamous epithelium lining the blood vessel lumen) and a subendothelial layer made up of a thin layer of areolar connective tissue. The tunica media (me'de-a; medius = middle) is the middle layer of the vessel wall. It is composed of circularly arranged layers of smooth muscle cells. Sympathetic innervation causes the smooth muscle to contract, resulting in vasoconstriction (va'so-kon-strik'shun), or narrowing of the blood vessel lumen.
IV. Blood vessel wall structure - 3 distinct layers called tunics A. tunica intima or tunica interna 1. âintimateâ with blood 2. layer that lines the _____ 3. made from endothelium (simple squamous epithelium)and connective tissue 4. functions to provide a smooth lining so blood can flow easier ( ) B. tunica media