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Definition. Protein characteristic of the postsynaptic membrane. In a chemical synapse, the postsynaptic membrane is the membrane that receives a signal (binds neurotransmitter) from the presynaptic cell and responds via depolarisation or hyperpolarisation. The postsynaptic membrane is separated from the presynaptic membrane by the synaptic cleft.
In the synaptic region, the plasma membrane of the presynaptic cell is specialized for vesicle exocytosis; synaptic vesicles, which contain a neurotransmitter, are clustered in these regions. The opposing membrane of the postsynaptic cell (in this case, a neuron) contains receptors for the neurotransmitter. Figure 21-30, Lodish 4th edition. Micrograph of an axon terminal obtained by the rapid-freezing deep-etch technique.