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Sources of Deep Ocean-Basin Sediments, continued Chemical Deposits When substances that are dissolved in ocean water crystallize, these materials settle to the ocean floor as potato-shaped lumps of minerals called nodules. nodule a lump of minerals that is made of oxides of manganese, iron, copper, or nickel and that is found in scattered groups on the ocean floor Other minerals, such as phosphates, are also carried in the ocean floor before they crystallize and form mineral deposits on the ...
To this and other questions of the sea, scientists seek answers with full awareness much about the oceans is not fully understood. 1  Sea water is a weak, but complex solution made up of many things including mineral salts and decayed biologic matter from marine organisms. Most of the ocean's salts are derived from gradual processes, such as weathering and erosion of the earth's crust and mountains by the dissolving action of rains and streams. Some of the ocean's salts have been dissolved from rocks and sediments below the sea floor, while others have escaped from the Earth's crust through volcanic vents as solid and gaseous materials.