What is the 'Information Ratio - IR'. The information ratio (IR) is a ratio of portfolio returns above the returns of a benchmark -- usually an index -- to the volatility of those returns. The information ratio (IR) measures a portfolio manager's ability to generate excess returns relative to a benchmark but also attempts to identify the consistency of the investor.
Prop 65 lists of over 900 substances, including lead, that businesses are required to warn consumers about. Lead is a natural element in soil, so it can be found in trace amounts in anything that is grown or drawn from the earth â including fruits, vegetables, and, of course, Earthpaste.
Lead is one of the few elements which can be found in nature in pure form. This sample of elemental lead with pyrochroite is displayed in the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. The large sample is about 18x30 cm and is from Langban Mine, Filipstad, Varmland, Sweden.