Royal Purple continues to grow in the US and internationally. Royal Purple was acquired in 2012 by Calumet Specialty Products Partners (CLMT), a leading refiner and processor of specialty hydrocarbon products headquartered in Indianapolis, IN.
Al Ghad was founded by Mohammad Alayyan in August 2004. Alayyan is also the chairman of the Al Faridah Specialized Printing, publisher of the daily. As of 2005 Emad Hmoud was the editor-in-chief of the paper.
Kanem-Bornu under Aluma was strong and wealthy. Government revenue came from tribute (or booty, if the recalcitrant people had to be conquered), sales of slaves, and duties on and participation in trans-Saharan trade. Unlike West Africa, the Chadian region did not have gold.