Transparency International (TI) has published the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) since 1995, annually ranking countries by their perceived levels of corruption, as determined by expert assessments and opinion surveys.. The CPI generally defines corruption as the misuse of public power for private benefit..
The Vehicle Born Improvised Explosive Device (VBIED) is but the latest such incarnation of a very old theme - but with a deadly, sometime mass destructive force. The DHS defines this as a potential weapon of mass destruction.
VBA is an extensible programming language that is made up of a core set of commands and extended on a per-application basis to be able to work directly with objects in that application. And because of this it is sometimes also called as a hosted language.