Anywhere there is a potential for contamination or pollution of the drinking water system, a backflow prevention device is required. Devices can be small and simple, such as an anti-siphon vacuum breaker (AVB) on a hose spigot (Photo), or large and complex, like those used on fire sprinkler systems (Photo).
An avulsion fracture occurs when a muscle or tendon is pulled so hard at the spot where it attaches to the bone that it tears a small piece of bone away. Avulsion fractures can occur on any part of the body, but they are most common in the ankles, hips, and elbows.
An x-ray may be ordered by the surgeon. Avulsion fractures are sometimes overlooked when an x-ray is taken or when the injury to MT V occurs together with an ankle sprain. In this case other imaging studies are recommended, such as MR imaging, CT scan or scintigrams.