Percent Volume Definition. Note that volume percent is relative to volume of solution, not volume of solvent. For example, wine is about 12% v/v ethanol. This means there are 12 ml ethanol for every 100 ml of wine. It is important to realize liquid and gas volumes are not necessarily additive.
However, both the material condition and safety of DoD equipment are routinely being undermined by the effects of corrosion. The dollar cost of corrosion to DoD has been estimated by the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to be $10-20 billion per year.
Pharmaceutical. Metallic corrosion is a costly issue that adversely impacts several industries. The economic effect of corrosion is the loss of billions of dollars that US companies are saddled with every year. For some companies and industries, using cheaper materials and replacing corroded equipment is an option. For others, corrosion isnât just annoying, itâs non-negotiable.