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1 Gonorrhea and chlamydia are the most common causes of epididymitis in young, sexually active men. 2  Other infections. 3  For boys and men who aren't sexually active, epididymitis can be caused by a nonsexually transmitted bacterial infection.
Epididymitis Overview. The epididymis is a long, tightly coiled tube located behind each testicle that connects the testicle to the ductus deferens and stores sperm. Acute epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis, causing pain and swelling of the scrotum. Most cases are caused by sexually transmitted bacterial infections occurring in men age 19 to 35 years old. Chronic epididymitis refers to inflammation characterized by persistent testicular pain in the absence of scrotal swelling.