Indeterminate nodules are the only type found in Caesalpiniodeae and Mimosoideae and the most common type in Papilionoideae (Sprent, 2001; p. 32). As a result of the variety of ways the plant is infected by rhizobia, there are different types of nodules.
Vitamins are organic compounds that are needed in even smaller quantities than minerals by the horse, although no less critical. Vitamins can be divided into two groups, the fat soluble vitamins A, D, E and K and the water soluble C and B-complex vitamins.
Horses can use hay and other roughages as nutrient sources much more efficiently than other nonruminants such as poultry or pigs, although utilization is less efficient than in ruminants. Traditionally, it was stated that a good source of roughage should comprise at least 50% of the total equine ration by weight.It is now recommended that horses receive at least 1.5%â2% of their body weight in forage or forage substitutes such as hay cubes or other high-fiber source daily. 500-kg horse exercising for 1 hr in a hot environment will need to drink 72â92 L of water to replace sweat and evaporative losses. Lactating mares need 12â14 L per 100 kg body wt to sustain good health and milk production.