Materials, products and services - the Green Guide Online provides details of the life cycle environmental impacts of construction materials and components, and the Green Book is a free online database of products and services.
Spermicides are used globally for birth control, with or without condoms. As the only means of birth control, spermicides are rarely effective. However, in conjunction with condoms, spermicides are somewhat effective in birth control.
A study of 2,700 Pill users in Scotland, for example, revealed that almost one third of the respondents (incorrectly) believed the Pill worked by killing all spermatozoa (2). Similarly, a study of university women found the measures taken following a missed pill placed them at risk of unplanned pregnancy (3).