Renal stone: A stone in the kidney (or lower down in the urinary tract). Also called a kidney stone. Renal stones are a common cause of blood in the urine and pain in the abdomen, flank, or groin. Kidney stones occur in 1 in 20 people at some time in their life. The development of the stones is related to decreased urine volume or increased excretion of stone-forming components such as calcium, oxalate, urate, cystine, xanthine, and phosphate.
In general, antibody tests that use blood can detect HIV slightly sooner after infection than tests done with oral fluid. It can take 3 to 12 weeks (21-84 days) for an HIV-positive personâs body to make enough antibodies for an antibody test to detect HIV infection. This is called the window period.
If you test positive for HIV, your healthcare team may use viral load testing to monitor your condition. Your viral load shows how active HIV is in your system. Usually, if your viral load is high, your CD4 count is low. CD4 cells (T-cells) help activate your immune response. Knowing these numbers helps determine treatment. A low or undetectable viral load indicates your immune system is actively working to help keep HIV in check.