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A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is an instrument for imaging surfaces at the atomic level.Its development in 1981 earned its inventors, Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer (at IBM Zuerich), zÃ¼rich The Nobel prize In physics in. 1986he resolution of an image is limited by the radius of curvature of the scanning tip of the STM. Additionally, image artifacts can occur if the tip has two tips at the end rather than a single atom; this leads to âdouble-tip imaging,â a situation in which both tips contribute to the tunneling.
This was, in retrospect, the moment of the invention of the electron microscope but the first prototype was actually built by Ruska in 1933 and was capable of resolving to 50 nm. Although it was primitive and not really fit for practical use, Ruska was recognised some 50 years later by the award of a Nobel Prize.