Since summer (and other seasons) can begin and end on different days each year on the astronomical calendar, it can be hard to compare seasons from year to year in this way. To standardize the length and start of the seasons, in meteorology, the 12 months of the year have been split up into four, 3-month periods. Therefore, in the meteorological calendar, summer includes the months of June, July and August - always starting on 1 June and ending on 31 August.
NADPH or NADP plus stands for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate. NADPH is created in the Stoma on the duration of light reactions accumulation. NADPH or NADP plus stands for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate. NADPH is created in the Stoma on the duration of light reactions accumulation.
During the light reactions of photosynthesis, light from the sun is captured through a series of reactions involving the chemical chlorophyll. This results in the synthesis of two high energy chemical compounds: ATP and NADPH, the latter whose chemical energy is held by electrons that can be transferred easily to other compounds. This set of reactions requires water (H2O) from which oxygen is released during the process. ATP and NADPH are used subsequently to produce glucose from CO2 in the next phase of photosynthesis, the dark reactions.