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The Mass Spectrometer. In order to measure the characteristics of individual molecules, a mass spectrometer converts them to ions so that they can be moved about and manipulated by external electric and magnetic fields. The three essential functions of a mass spectrometer, and the associated components, are:
In a light spectroscope, light enters a narrow slit, is focused into a thin beam of parallel rays by a lens, and passes through a prism that separates it into a spectrum. Other types of spectroscopes, such as the mass spectroscope, use magnetic fields to separate the incoming radiation. See also: Instruments.