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The dermal layer consists of two parts. The epidermis is a one-cell thick, skinlike tissue that covers the entire plant. In woody plants, this tissue is stiffer and more corky. The epidermis secretes a waxy substance that coats the outside of the leaf, the cuticle. Tiny openings, called stomata, dot the surface of the leaf. The stomata open and close to release water and gasses from the plant.
1 Beneath the palisade layer is the spongy layer. 2  The cells of the spongy layer are more branched and not so tightly packed, so that there are large intercellular air spaces between them for oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse in and out of during respiration and photosynthesis. leaf is an organ of a vascular plant and is the principal lateral appendage of the stem. The leaves and stem together form the shoot. Foliage is a mass noun that refers to leaves collectively. Typically a leaf is a thin, dorsiventrally flattened organ, borne above ground and specialized for photosynthesis.