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The Probable Cause Exception. Police may search a vehicle if there is probable cause to believe that the car contains evidence of criminal activity. For example, if a car interior smells like marijuana, the police can search the vehicle. Under this exception, the police can search the car trunk or containers where contraband could be found.
Reasonable suspicion and probable cause are what the police must have to stop you and arrest you if they suspect you are driving under the influence. Because the U.S. Constitution guarantees everyone freedom of movement, a police officer cannot arbitrarily stop your car (with certain exceptions, like temporary and random sobriety checkpoints).