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5 By prohibiting multiple punishments for a single criminal act Penal Code section 654. affords protection beyond and different from that given by either the constitutional proscrip-. tion of subsequent jeopardy or the implementation of that doctrine by Penal Code section 1023..
If someone has been convicted or cleared by a court of law, that is accepted as proof of his guilt or innocence on that particular charge or charges. For example, if you state that Elias Olman is a thief, you will probably be safe if Olman has been convicted of more than one case of theft.