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Statistical Parametric Mapping. SPM (Statistical Parametric Mapping) refers to the construction and assessment of spatially extended statistical processes used to test hypotheses about functional imaging data. These ideas have been instantiated in software that is called SPM.
Almost all of the most commonly used statistical tests rely of the adherence to some distribution function (such as the normal distribution). Such tests are called parametric tests. Sometimes when one of the key assumptions of such a test is violated, a non-parametric test can be used instead.s we can see throughout this website, most of the statistical tests we perform are based on a set of assumptions. When these assumptions are violated the results of the analysis can be misleading or completely erroneous. Typical assumptions are: 1  Normality: Data have a normal distribution (or at least is symmetric).