In its classic definition, by FranÃ§ois-Louis Ganshof (1944), feudalism describes a set of reciprocal legal and military obligations among the warrior nobility revolving around the three key concepts of lords, vassals and fiefs.
The exact cause of intracardiac echogenic foci remains unclear; however, they appear to be caused by small deposits of calcium in the papillary muscle of the fetal heart.
Cardiac echogenic foci (ICEF) are abnormalities in the heart of a fetus. First detected by ultrasound in 1987, these foci appear as bright, white spots. The exact cause of these foci remains unclear; however, they appear, at least in part, to be the result of calcium deposits forming in the heart muscle. ICEF are not heart defects, nor do they appear, in the majority of cases, to affect cardiac function or lead to heart disease.