Natural abortions are typically called miscarriages. Medically-induced abortions, which can be completed with surgery or with hormone drugs, are performed because the foetus is unwanted, deformed, not likely to live, or endangers the mother's life or health.
The dog genome project is a collaborative study involving scientists at the University of California, The University of Oregon, and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center aimed at producing a map of all of the chromosomes in dogs, which can be used to map the genes causing disease and those genes controlling morphology and behavior.
It has also made some breeds more susceptible to certain cancers. These factors, coupled with the high degree of similarity between the genomes of dogs and humans, provided the researchers with an opportunity to compare the genomes and study the evolutionary genetic changes associated with cancer. The human genome has 46 chromosomes and the dog genome contains 78 chromosomes.