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Type IV Hypersensitivity. Type IV hypersensitivity â cell-mediated reactions: This is a common response to many intracellular pathogens and to large or complex infectious agents. Type IV cell-mediated hypersensitivity is initiated by T lymphocytes specifically sensitized to locally deposited antigen. The two effector mechanisms (1) delayed-type and (2) direct cytotoxicity are mediated by 2 different sub-populations of T cells.
Hypersensitivity reactions can be divided into four types: type I, type II, type III and type IV, based on the mechanisms involved and time taken for the reaction. Frequently, a particular clinical condition (disease) may involve more than one type of reaction.he precise mechanism as to why some individuals are more prone to type-I hypersensitivity is not clear. However, it has been shown that such individuals preferentially produce more of TH2 cells that secrete IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 which in turn favor IgE class switch.