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Non-convex is also referred to as concave. Convex and non-convex both define the types of curvature. Convex defines the curvature that extends outwards or bulges out. On the other hand, non-convex defines a curvature that extends or bends inward. Thus, the extension of the curve is used to differentiate between the two forms. Convex and non-convex are often used as adjectives to define the entities associated with the shape or curve defined by them.
In mathematics, a real-valued function defined on an interval is called convex (or convex downward or concave upward) if the line segment between any two points on the graph of the function lies above or on the graph, in a Euclidean space (or more generally a vector space) of at least two dimensions.