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Earthquakes are defined as a vibration of the earth's surface that occurs after a release of energy in the earth's crust. Because the earth's crust is made up of numerous segments or plates that are constantly moving slowly, vibrations can occur and result in small earthquakes.arthquakes are defined as a vibration of the earth's surface that occurs after a release of energy in the earth's crust. Because the earth's crust is made up of numerous segments or plates that are constantly moving slowly, vibrations can occur and result in small earthquakes.
Earthquakes occur on faults. A fault is a thin zone of crushed rock separating blocks of the earth's crust. When an earthquake occurs on one of these faults, the rock on one side of the fault slips with respect to the other. Faults can be centimeters to thousands of kilometers long.