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Figure 1. Tunneling of apple fruit caused by larvae of the codling moth. Codling moth is the most important insect pest of apple and pears in North America. Damage is done by the larvae, which are cream-colored caterpillars that tunnel fruit and produce âwormyâ apples (Figure 1).
In all caterpillars, this happens inside a protective shell known as a chrysalis, but the specifics differ from species to species. Let's look at the monarch caterpillar (Danaus plexippus) as an example. After wandering for a while, the caterpillar makes a simple silk pad on the underside of a branch or twig. It uses a hook-covered appendage called a cremaster to attach itself to this pad. It twists around, embedding its cremaster firmly in the silk. Then, it sheds its skin, revealing the chrysalis.