Hematopoeisis is adversely affected, most notably in itai-itai disease where severe anemia is observed, in association with marked suppression of erythropoietin production . Hemolysis may also be a factor in producing Cd-associated anemia, which may produce iron-deficient indices despite increased body Fe stores resulting from hemolysis and increased duodenal Fe absorption .
Welding apprentices learn the full range of manual, semiautomatic and automatic welding processes in the shipyard's welding school. They use a wide range of metals and welding processes to perform structural and pipe welds in all phases of ship construction.
Certificate and associate career-training degrees are the norm for Welding Technology/Welder majors. These programs last anywhere from 6 months to 2 years and are offered at technical schools, career colleges, community colleges, 4-year colleges and universities.