The functions of SCADA in power distribution system include substation control, feeder control and end user load control. Electrical Power Distribution System RTUs/ IEDs in a substation, feeder, or end use installations gather the field data, including status of switches, transformers, circuit breakers, fault information, energy consumption and billing.
Hurricanes form over tropical oceans, where warm water and air interact to create these storms. Hurricane Sandy as seen from NOAA's GOES-13 satellite on October 28, 2012. Image courtesy of NOAA/NASA.
And with sea temperatures set to rise still further, that means the next few decades could bring even more hurricanes like Katrina, which hammered New Orleans in August 2005. The inference is that if you keep warming things up, you're going to get more intense storms, says Judith Curry, a member of the research team.