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anion gap The Anion Gap is an approximate measurement of ions, that is molecules with a charge, either negative or positive. Sodium and potassium are positively charged and therefore called cations; this is why they are often represented as Na + and K + respectively.
When the gap is higher than normal, high anion gap metabolic acidosis is revealed, whereas if the gap is low, low anion gap metabolic acidosis is concluded. The anion gap refers to all the unmeasured anions in plasma. Commonly measured cations include sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium.