Join Strings | Left | Right | Mid | Len | Find | Substitute. Excel has many functions to offer when it comes to manipulating text strings. To join strings, use the & operator. Note: to insert a space, use  . To extract the leftmost characters from a string, use the LEFT function. To extract the rightmost characters from a string, use the RIGHT function. To extract a substring, starting in the middle of a string, use the MID function. Note: started at position 5 (p) with length 3. To get the length of a string, use the LEN function. Note: space (position 8) included! To find the position of a substring in a string, use the FIND function. Note: string am found at position 3. To replace existing text with new text in a string, use the SUBSTITUTE function.
XOXO means âhugs and kissesâ but why? What's the reasoning behind abbreviating hugs and kisses as X's and O's? Some say X is for hugs and O is for kisses, and some say the other way around; but why X and O, and why are they doubled? In my experience 'X' for kiss is universal.
Hormone, erythropoietin: Erythropoietin is a substance produced by the kidney that leads to the formation of red blood cells in the bone marrow. Abbreviated: EPO. The kidney cells that make EPO are specialized and are sensitive to low oxygen levels in the blood coming into the kidney.These cells release erythropoietin when the oxygen level is low in the kidney.Erythropoietin stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells which in turn increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. EPO is the prime regulator of red cell production.he kidney cells that make EPO are specialized and are sensitive to low oxygen levels in the blood coming into the kidney. These cells release erythropoietin when the oxygen level is low in the kidney.