However, the main agencies are those regarding primary socialization, which is the process where people learn attitudes, values, and actions appropriate to individuals as members of a particular culture. Secondary socialization agencies are important too.
Measuring great saphenous vein (GSV) diameter is standard in pre-interventional assessment of varicose disorders, but has never been properly validated. This work assessed the relative value of measuring GSV diameter at the most often used sites: the sapheno-femoral junction and the proximal thigh.
Measurements were carried out in 444 vein segments, (96 legs of 48 healthy volunteers, 52 legs of 35 patients with varicose veins). The common femoral vein (CVF), the femoral vein (FV) and the great saphenous vein (GSV) were investigated. The parameters of reflux and the relative venous diameter change (VD diff %) were measured simultaneously during a standardised Valsalva manoeuvre.