The top 10 cities: London, New York City, Paris, Berlin, Singapore, Tokyo, Vienna, Beijing, Hong Kong, Sydney. The top 10 cities: Paris, Berlin, Vancouver, Zurich, Toronto, Vienna, Geneva, Brussels, Copenhagen, Amsterdam.
anion gap The Anion Gap is an approximate measurement of ions, that is molecules with a charge, either negative or positive. Sodium and potassium are positively charged and therefore called cations; this is why they are often represented as Na + and K + respectively.
The osmolar gap (OSMOL GAP in Epic) uses formula (2) above. The unexplained osmolar gap (UOSMOL GAP in Epic) uses formula (4) above. High unexplained osmolar gaps indicate the possible presence of a toxic compound other than ethanol (ethylene glycol, methanol, acetone, isopropanol, or propylene glycol).on-toxic examples of an elevated osmolar gap include hyperlipidemia (less plasma water), chronic renal failure, and myeloma (increased plasma proteins). Because ethanol ingestion is a common cause of elevated osmolar gap, ethanol can be included in calculated osmolar formulas.