In this lecture we show that the concepts of controllability and observability are. related to linear systems of algebraic equations. It is well known that a solvable. system of linear algebraic equations has a solution if and only if the rank of the. system matrix is full . Observability and controllability tests will be connected to. the rank tests of ceratin matrices: the controllability and observability matrices.
Here are the standardized sizes in volume for coffee cups and the mug which are used in cafe shops and restaurants (theirs size in different locations can slightly vary). Typically, reflecting common sizes of ceramic and takeaway paper cups, they are: 1  the small cup holds 8 fl oz-fluid ounces.
One cup wet or dry is equal to 8 ounces. So basically the answer is 4 oz = 1/2 cup. But of course there is a difference between dry weight which generally is measur â¦ ed in US pound (lb) while the rest of the world uses grains(gr) , and grams (gm, mg[0.065gm =60mg=1gr}, kg {1000g = 1 kg}.