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Diagram showing field lines and equipotentials around an electron, a negatively charged particle. In an electrically neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons (which are positively charged), resulting in a net zero overall charge. Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter.
However, the overall charge of an atom is neutral, because the positive and negative charges in the atom cancel each other out. - the atomic number is the number of protons, which is at the same time equal to the number of electrons.