Between 10% to 20% of heavy drinkers will develop cirrhosis of the liver (NIAAA, 1993). Acetaldehyde may be responsible for alcohol-induced fibrosis by stimulating collagen deposition by hepatic stellate cells.
Houseflies pass through four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. The life expectancy of a housefly is generally 15 to 30 days and depends upon temperature and living conditions. Flies dwelling in warm homes and laboratories develop faster and live longer than their counterparts in the wild.
The shorter reproductive cycle allows for 10 to 12 generations in a single year. Depending on environmental conditions, the house fly may complete all stages of life in as little as 6 to 10 days. However, the average length of time to develop through all life stages generally falls between 35 and 55 days.