Damage may be a result of the direct effects of alcohol on the brain or may result indirectly, from a poor general health status or from severe liver disease. For example, thiamine deficiency is a common occurrence in people with alcoholism and results from poor overall nutrition.
In the case of a longitudinal wave, a wavelength measurement is made by measuring the distance from a compression to the next compression or from a rarefaction to the next rarefaction. On the diagram above, the distance from point A to point C or from point B to point D would be representative of the wavelength.
Now, at 440 Hz, the wavelength must be. l = v/f = (462 m/s)/(440 Hz) = 1.05 m, and since at the fundamental, only half the wavelength fits on the string, then we get that the string must now be (1.05 m)/2 = .525 m long, which means the string must now be fingered .70 - .525 m = .175 m from the end.