collegium musicum. a group of usually amateur musicians, often connected with a university, who meet to study and perform chiefly old or little-known music.
Spores and Sporangium. Ferns differ from flowering plants and trees because they do not produce seeds. Instead, ferns reproduce using spores. The sporangium is the structure responsible for producing and releasing spores. Sporangium form in many different ways, sometimes appearing as brown fruitdots on the undersides of leaves. Others grow as slender stalks up from the plant. When the sporangia burst, the wind carries spores to new ground, where they form reproductive structures that, if fertilized, will grow into a new fern.
When you turn over a fern frond and look at the sporangia on the underside, youâll quickly see that they are grouped together into various shapes and patterns. Sporangia can be grouped together into circles, elongated along the veins or arranged around the margin of the frond.There are numerous patterns and variations.erns are quite simple structurally, and scientists begin by observing and documenting their sporangia, rhizomes and fronds. The reproductive structures are the most important characteristic for classifying ferns.