PARTICIPIAL PHRASE. Present participles, verbals ending in-ing, and past participles, verbals that end in-ed (for regular verbs) or other forms (for irregular verbs), are combined with complements and modifiers and become part of important phrasal structures.Participial phrases always act as adjectives.ometimes part of the noun phrase is delayed until the end of the sentence so that that portion of the phrase (usually modifying phrases  participial or prepositional) can receive end weight or focus.
Insect borers often attack trees that are weakened or damaged by other causes. In some cases, borers and plant pathogens are associated with the same canker. Leaf drop Leaf drop is generally caused by plant pathogens or environmental problems.
Several fungal diseases will cause the leaves of citrus tree to curl, distort, yellow, wilt and drop prematurely from the tree. Bacterial blast and botrytis disease are two of these fungal diseases that lead to leaf curling.Bacterial blast starts out as black lesions on the petiole and moves to the axil.phids, spider mites, citrus leaf miners, scale insects and mealybugs are a few of these sap-sucking pests that will cause the leaves to curl, wilt and die. Introducing predatory insects that feed on the sap-sucking pests will help keep their numbers in check.