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Diagram showing field lines and equipotentials around an electron, a negatively charged particle. In an electrically neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons (which are positively charged), resulting in a net zero overall charge. Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter.
In ordinary matter, the number of electrons in an atom is the same as the number of protons. The positive and negative charges balance each other. Overall, the atom is uncharged (neutral). However, if something happens to make an atom lose or gain an electron then the atom will no longer be neutral.