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Introduction. Herbert Hoover (1874-1964), Americaâs 31st president, took office in 1929, the year the U.S. economy plummeted into the Great Depression. Although his predecessorsâ policies undoubtedly contributed to the crisis, which lasted over a decade, Hoover bore much of the blame in the minds of the American people.
The poorhouse is vanishing from among us. Hoover won the presidency that year, but his time in office belied his optimistic assertion. Within eight months of his inauguration, the stock market crashed, signifying the beginning of the Great Depression, the most severe economic crisis the United States had ever known. Rightly or wrongly, Hoover's efforts to combat the Great Depression have defined his presidency and his place in American history.