TPS specifically identified seven types of waste or muda: 1  Waste of overproduction or overburden. 2  Waste of time on hand or waiting period. 3  Waste of transportation and shipping. 4  Waste of processing. 5  Waste of keeping stock in hand. 6  Waste of movement. 7  Waste of making defective products.
A phase, or state of matter, is a domain within a many-body system within which relevant physical properties are uniform. Relevant properties may include chemical composition, stoichiometry, and density, which do not reflect how the components are arranged in space.
A phase transition is the transformation of a thermodynamic system from one phase or state of matter to another one by heat transfer. The term is most commonly used to describe transitions between solid, liquid and gaseous states of matter, and, in rare cases, plasma.