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Coagulase is a protein enzyme produced by several microorganisms that enables the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. In the laboratory, it is used to distinguish between different types of Staphylococcus isolates. Importantly, S. aureus is generally coagulase-positive, meaning that coagulase negativity usually excludes S. aureus. However it is now known that not all S. aureus are coagulase-positive.
Coagulases are produced by certain staphylococci and by yersinia pestis. Staphylococci produce two types of coagulase: staphylocoagulase, a free that produces true clotting of plasma, and staphylococcal clumping factor, a bound in the cell wall that induces clumping of cells in the presence of fibrinogen.