The International Cooperative Alliance defines a cooperative (also known as co-operative, co-op, or coop) as an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise. 1  Cooperatives may include:
Institutional racism as it's formally called is racism that occurs in our institutions such as places of education and schools, the health care system, in the provision of public services, employment and housing.his is racism that occurs in informal settings, things like when you go to the shops and the store assistant serves you last or doesn't serve you at all! Once again on the basis of the color of your skin or perceived ethnicity.
The most notorious example of racism by the West has been slavery, particularly the enslavement of Africans in the New World (slavery itself dates back thousands of years). This enslavement was accomplished because of the racist belief that Black Africans were less fully human than white Europeans and their descendants.