BVD is recognised as one of the most economically important endemic diseases of cattle. Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD) is caused by the bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV). The genus Pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae consists of four recognised species: Bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 (BVDV-1), Bovine viral diarrhoea type 2 (BVDV-2), Border disease virus (BDV) and Classical swine fever (CSF) virus . Pestiviruses are single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses. Although the natural host for BVDV is cattle, it can also affect sheep and wild animals, including deer and pigs. BVD is recognised as one of the most economically important endemic diseases of cattle.
Often, an electric device, known as an ultrasonic, sonic scaler, or power scaler may be used during scaling and root planing. Ultrasonic scalers vibrate at a frequency to help with removing stain, plaque and calculus. In addition, ultrasonic scalers create tiny air bubbles through a process known as cavitation.
Written By: Ultrasonic sensors are devices that use electricalâmechanical energy transformation to measure distance from the sensor to the target object. Ultrasonic waves are longitudinal mechanical waves which travel as a sequence of compressions and rarefactions along the direction of wave propagation through the medium.