Cardiac output (known as âQâ) is a measure of the amount of blood that is pumped out of the heart in one minute. âQâ specifically refers to the amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle as this is the ventricle that supplies blood to the muscles and organs of the body.
Preload is defined as the actual stretch or tension on the ventricular myocardium prior to contraction (Totora & Gabowski 2002). The greater the preload on the myocardium (the larger the amount of blood that has filled the heart during diastole), the greater the contraction will be.
A pre-order is an order placed for an item which has not yet been released. The idea for pre-orders came when people found it hard to get popular items in stores due to their popularity. Companies then had the idea to allow customers to reserve their own personal copy, before the release, which has been a huge success.