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Diagram showing field lines and equipotentials around an electron, a negatively charged particle. In an electrically neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons (which are positively charged), resulting in a net zero overall charge. Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter.
It has one or more electrons fewer electrons than it has protons. Since protons have a charge of +1 and electrons have a charge of -1, the atom is only neutral when the number of protons and electrons is equal. If there is one less electron, the charge imbalance is positive because there is one less electron present to cancel the charges.