souleles also notes that while today s oil and gasoline prices are high in nominal terms they are in real terms close to or even below their 1980s peak a dollar isn t worth as much today as it was 20 years ago he says oil prices have not risen as much as people think in real termsraditionally we think of an opec supply side shock where prices go up because supply is restricted but there s a large demand component today the u s and china have increased their demand for oil and that has bid up the price
Quick Answer. Negative reinforcement is a concept in psychology's theory of operant conditioning that suggests a behavior is strengthened when a negative outcome is stopped, removed, avoided or prevented. Negative reinforcement is an effective method of strengthening a desired behavior.
Positive and Negative Reinforcement in Operant Conditioning. Psychology. Reinforcement is a term used in operant conditioning to refer to anything that increases the likelihood that a response will occur. Note that reinforcement is defined by the effect that it has on behaviorâit increases or strengthens the behavior.