The royal jelly had no effect on the leukemia cells, but it had dramatic effects on sarcoma cells. Royal jelly, however, has not lived up to expectations that it is an important anti-aging substance. But it is not without medical interest. Royal jelly consists of an emulsion of proteins, sugars, lipids and some other substances in a water base. Proteins make up about 13% of royal jelly. Most of the proteins comprise a family called major royal jelly proteins.
Cells were first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1663.
When the term protoplasm was first used in 1835, it referred to the clear, semi-fluid substance within the cell membrane of all living things. At that time, scientists believed that there was only one type of liquid within the cell, and that it was responsible for all functions.