Movement Across a Membrane and Energy. There are two major ways that molecules can be moved across a membrane, and the distinction has to do with whether or not cell energy is used. Passive mechanisms like diffusion use no energy, while active transport requires energy to get done.
Citizenship, Immigration and the Constitution. The 14th Amendmentâs Citizenship Clause is one of the Constitutionâs most important and underappreciated provisions. The clause grants full United States citizenship to anyone born on American soil (with a narrow exception for children of foreign diplomats) or naturalized by the federal government.
Citizenship and Privileges Clauses. The first part of the Fourteenth Amendment, known as the Citizenship Clause, automatically confers U.S. and state citizenship at birth to all those âsubject to the jurisdictionâ of the United States.ome members of Congress propose doing so in the United States as well. The Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment was designed to ensure that all citizens of the United States enjoyed the same basic rights in every state, regardless of where they lived.