Employee stock options are similar to exchange traded call options issued by a company with respect to its own stock. At any time before exercise, employee stock options can be said to have two components: time value and intrinsic value. Any remaining time value component is forfeited back to the company when early exercises are made.
An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a digital circuit used to perform arithmetic and logic operations. It represents the fundamental building block of the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer. Modern CPUs contain very powerful and complex ALUs. In addition to ALUs, modern CPUs contain a control unit (CU).
In some CPUs an individual ALU is further divided into two units called an arithmetic unit (AU) and a logic unit (LU). Some processors even contain more than one AU. Normally the ALU has direct input and output access to the processor controller, main system memory (RAM), and input/output devices.