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Equally important and coupled with DNA methylation is DNA demethylation, the removal of a methyl group. The demethylation process is necessary for epigenetic reprogramming of genes and is also directly involved in many important disease mechanisms such as tumor progression.hen a CpG island in the promoter region of a gene is methylated, expression of the gene is repressed (it is turned off). The addition of methyl groups is controlled at several different levels in cells and is carried out by a family of enzymes called DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs).
Feinberg added that while this study is not the first to show than epigenetic changes alone can cause cancer, it âadds one more valuable image to the big picture.â. For at least a decade, the number of known associations between epigenetic changes and cancer has been growing.Abnormal methylation can be found in most cancers, and mutations in the enzymes that add methyl groups to DNA have been associated with some cancer types. transgene designed to attract methylation to the promoter of a tumor-suppressor gene leads to tumorigenesis in a mouse model. By Ashley P. Taylor | July 25, 2014. Changes in gene methylation alone can trigger cancer, according to a mouse study published today (July 25) in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.