Though other types of life may share some of these characteristics, the set of characteristics as a whole provide a distinction from the other kingdoms. The set of characteristics provided by Audesirk and Audesirk are: 1  Animals are multicellular.2  Animals are heterotrophic, obtaining their energy by consuming energy-releasing food substances. 3  Animals typically reproduce sexually. 4  Animals are made up of cells that do not have cell walls.he set of characteristics provided by Audesirk and Audesirk are: 1  Animals are multicellular. 2  Animals are heterotrophic, obtaining their energy by consuming energy-releasing food substances. 3  Animals typically reproduce sexually. 4  Animals are made up of cells that do not have cell walls.
The activity series is a useful guide for predicting the products of metal displacement reactions. For example, placing a strip of zinc metal in a copper(II) sulfate solution will produce metallic copper and zinc sulfate, since zinc is above copper on the series.op-ranked metals displace the ions of metals lower in the series from solution. A free-energy based series is used in this tutorial to show how and why active metals displace less active ones from solution.
A series is the sum you get when you add all of the terms of a sequence. When writing a series, a shorthand notation is used to represent the sum of a number of terms having a common form. This shorthand notation is referred to as summation notation or sigma notation.