Employee stock options are similar to exchange traded call options issued by a company with respect to its own stock. At any time before exercise, employee stock options can be said to have two components: time value and intrinsic value. Any remaining time value component is forfeited back to the company when early exercises are made.
An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a digital circuit used to perform arithmetic and logic operations. It represents the fundamental building block of the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer. Modern CPUs contain very powerful and complex ALUs. In addition to ALUs, modern CPUs contain a control unit (CU).
An additional type of ALU, called a floating point unit (FPU) or coprocessor, which performs specialized functions such as divisin and large decimal number operations, is frequently used. Most modern microprocessors include an FPU processor as part of the microprocessor. The ALU and control unit communicate with each other and perform operations in memory locations called registers. A register is a location that is internal to the microprocessor that can be used as a scartch pad for calculations.