Definition of sociopolitical. : of, relating to, or involving a combination of social and political factors.
Beta-1 receptors are found in the heart, and when stimulated will increase herat rate and cardiac contractility. Beta-2 receptors are found on vascular smooth muscle located in the heart and skeletal muscle, and when they are activated, they dilate and decrease SVR.
Give the mechanism for the changes in heart rate, cardiac contractility and SVR caused by the Valsalva maneuver: VM causes a decrease in venous return, resulting in decrease in preload and stroke volume -- and increase heart rate. This will then cause a decrease in MAP and pulse pressure, triggering the BR reflex. The BR reflex will increase HR, SVR, contractility, and venoconstriction. In response to hemorrhage, the BR reflex causes constriction of veins and arteries throughout the body, including the skin. However, if one finds themself in a desert one often sweats, indicating dilation of vessels in the skin.