Having two components to the deductible allows for each member of your family the opportunity to have your insurance policy cover their medical bills prior to the entire dollar amount of the family deductible being met. The individual deductible is embedded in the family deductible.
Transgressive. Transgressive is a term of linguistic morphology denoting a special form of verb. It expresses a coincidentally proceeding or following action. It is considered to be a kind of infinitive, or participle.
To segregate means to keep apart in some way. It can be as simple as segregating one category of items from another, but as you point out, it can also be used to refer to a system used to keep people apart or out of the mainstream in some way, as in racial segregation.