Social exclusion (or marginalization) is social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society.It is a term used widely in Europe, and was first used in France. It is used across disciplines including education, sociology, psychology, politics and economics.ocial exclusion (or marginalization) is social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society.
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is thought to be caused by trauma to dentoalveolar structures that have a limited capacity for bone healing due to the effects of bisphosphonate therapy. See the image below. Exposed, necrotic bone in the left anterior maxilla.
Rare, but serious side effects include: Kidney problems; Osteonecrosis of the jaw (damage to the jawbone) Unusual types of bone fractures; Kidney problems have been seen in patients taking intravenously administered bisphosphonates for long periods of time. The risk of kidney problems may be increased in patients who are taking other drugs that affect the kidney (e.g. Thalomid, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs also known as NSAIDs) or have other conditions associated with kidney problems such as hypertension or diabetes mellitus.