Carbocations are species bearing a formal + charge on carbon. The have sp2 hybridization and trigonal planar geometry, with an empty p orbital on carbon, perpendicular to the plane containing the substituents (see diagrams shown to the right).
Aortic cross-clamp. An aortic cross-clamp is a surgical instrument used in cardiac surgery to clamp the aorta and separate the systemic circulation from the outflow of the heart. An aortic cross-clamping procedure serves, for example, in the repairing of coarctation of the aorta.
The Universal Clamp System is a temporary implant for use in orthopedic surgery. The system is intended to provide. temporary stabilization as a bone anchor during the development of solid boney fusion and aid in the repair of bone. fractures. The fusion is performed from a posterior approach. It is posterior segment fusion, i.e., it does not also involve interbody. fusion.