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In 1881, Carl Wernicke first described an illness that consisted of paralysis of eye movements, ataxia, and mental confusion, in 3 patients. The patients, 2 males with alcoholism and a female with persistent vomiting following sulfuric acid ingestion, exhibited these findings, developed coma, and eventually died.
Wernickeâs encephalopathy is a sudden, life-threatening reaction of the brain to a thiamine deficiency that results in bleeding in lower areas of the brain, such as the thalamus and the hypothalamus. In addition to increased confusion, a personâs vision, balance and movement may also be affected.