Psychology Glossary. Genotype. The total set of genes contained within an organisms cells. Organisms contain some genes that are expressed (you can consider the expressed to mean that the gene is active or being used) and some that are not. Regardless, all the genes an organism has are considered the genotype.
Mars' closest approach to the Earth is called opposition, and occurs roughly every 780 days.
We were surprised to learn that the distance isn't actually fixed in that it depends where the planets are in their orbits. The nearest that Mars has ever been to the Earth is 56 million km or about 34.8 million miles.