A liquidated damages clause sets an amount in a contract in the event of a breach. A liquidated damages clause isn't a penalty, though it may sound like one. A penalty is usually disproportionate to the actual harm, and is meant to punish or deter breaching a contract.
Acidic stools can be caused from absorption problems from the diet and foods you eat. Some people have acidic stools as a result of a lactose intolerance.
One of the leading causes of dark stools is chronic heartburn. Heartburn involves the regurgitation of acids from the stomach into the esophagus, typically resulting in a burning pressure or pain from the breast bone up the throat. The pain is usually worse with bending, lying down, or after eating.