The Atlantic trade was in trouble because of the depredations of the English and Dutch. Catalonia was a self-governing province, ruled by a viceroy, that had been part of the Crown of Aragon since the Middle Ages. It was difficult to govern and in the reign of Philip II order had broken down almost completely.
Diabetics or others with nerve damage in the feet are also susceptible to toe cramp problems. Some medications may cause cramps in the toes as a side effect. Another possible cause of is a lack of minerals, such as calcium and potassium, in the body. Dehydration is another body problem that could cause cramping toes.
Yep, my toes on one foot curl too. I have extreme cramps in my legs and feet. In my case, I have been told that the problem is due to the damage to my spinal nerve roots. It helps me to lay down with a heating pad on my lower back and sometimes someone HARD massaging my foot or calf. My diagnosis for this is called neuroclaudication or pseudoclaudication. My problem is not in my foot, but in my back causing the foot problems.