A liquidated damages clause sets an amount in a contract in the event of a breach. A liquidated damages clause isn't a penalty, though it may sound like one. A penalty is usually disproportionate to the actual harm, and is meant to punish or deter breaching a contract.
Acidic stools can be caused from absorption problems from the diet and foods you eat. Some people have acidic stools as a result of a lactose intolerance.
Black Stools (Not Sticky, No Odor) Causes of black stool include iron pills or bismuth-containing medications (such as, bismuth subsalicylate or Pepto-Bismol). If the stool color is dark because of any of these medications, it is typically not sticky in texture and is not foul-smelling. Black Tarry, Sticky Stools. Bleeding in the stomach (from gastritis or an ulcer) or the intestines can change the color of stool.