Social exclusion (or marginalization) is social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society.It is a term used widely in Europe, and was first used in France. It is used across disciplines including education, sociology, psychology, politics and economics.ocial exclusion (or marginalization) is social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society.
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is thought to be caused by trauma to dentoalveolar structures that have a limited capacity for bone healing due to the effects of bisphosphonate therapy. See the image below. Exposed, necrotic bone in the left anterior maxilla.
Their effect is dose dependent and they reduce the turnover of bone by inhibiting recruitment and promoting apoptosis of osteoclasts. Bisphosphonates are used to treat postmenopausal and glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis, Paget's disease of bone and malignant hypercalcemia. There are a few bisphosphonates available and one might work better for a particular condition, than the other.