Carbocations are species bearing a formal + charge on carbon. The have sp2 hybridization and trigonal planar geometry, with an empty p orbital on carbon, perpendicular to the plane containing the substituents (see diagrams shown to the right).
Aortic cross-clamp. An aortic cross-clamp is a surgical instrument used in cardiac surgery to clamp the aorta and separate the systemic circulation from the outflow of the heart. An aortic cross-clamping procedure serves, for example, in the repairing of coarctation of the aorta.
Riser clamps are a two point load bearing component and are usually used for vertical running pipe lines wherein shear lugs are welded to the pipe, the riser clamp top surface contacts the shear lug, and the load is transferred through the legs of... Read More.