Author Summary. Translation of mRNA into protein is the main step for the regulation of gene expression in the chloroplast, the photosynthetic organelle of plant cells. Translation is conducted by the ribosome, a large macromolecular machine composed of RNA and protein.
The Doctor of Professional Studies (or sometimes awarded as Doctorate in Professional Practice) (most commonly DProf, but also available as ProfD and DPS) is a doctorate degree for working professionals.he Doctor of Professional Studies (or sometimes awarded as Doctorate in Professional Practice) (most commonly DProf, but also available as ProfD and DPS) is a doctorate degree for working professionals.
Professional Degrees. The Graduate School considers the following to be professional degrees: 1  D.M.A. (Doctor of Musical Arts), typically 3 or more years. 2  J.S.D. (Doctor of Science of Law). 3  M.Arch.4  II (research-oriented Master of Architecture). 5  M.A.T. (Master of Arts in Teaching), 1-2 years.6  M.Eng. ( 7 Master of Engineering), typically 1 year.he Graduate School considers the following to be professional degrees: 1  D.M.A. (Doctor of Musical Arts), typically 3 or more years. 2  J.S.D. (Doctor of Science of Law). 3  M.Arch.