If the p value is less than or equal to, we reject the null hypothesis, otherwise we do not reject the null hypothesis. One tail and two tail tests. In a one tail test, the rejection region is at one end of the distribution or the other.In a two tail test, the rejection region is split between the two tails.4) Test statistic. As the population variance is known, we use z as the test statistic. (a) Distribution of test statistic. If the assumptions are correct and is true, the test statistic follows the standard normal distribution.
Cameron lesions are linear erosions or ulcerations of the mucosal folds lining the stomach where it is constricted by the thoracic diaphragm in persons with large hiatal hernias. The lesions may cause chronic blood loss resulting in iron deficiency anemia; less often they cause acute bleeding.
Often referred to as ganglion cysts, ganglia are collections of thick fluid that collect into lesions that develop on or near a joint or tendon. Typically, most examples of ganglia develop on the wrist, although there are a number of cases reported on ankles and finger joints as well. In many cases, the presence of ganglia can create joint swelling that ranges from mildly irritating to very painful.