A board-certified doctor has passed exams in a certain specialty, so it's evidence of skill. The American Board of Medical Specialties recognizes 24 areas of medical specialty, including anesthesiology, cardiology, internal medicine, and pediatrics.
But the mutations we hear about most often are the ones that cause disease. Some well-known inherited genetic disorders include cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, Tay-Sachs disease, phenylketonuria and color-blindness, among many others. All of these disorders are caused by the mutation of a single gene.
The mutation that causes sickle cell disease. A. occurs in the same gene that, when mutant in a different way, causes beta thalassemia. B. deletes two contiguous DNA bases. C. results in a single DNA base change that does not alter the encoded amino acid. D. changes a valine to a glutamic acid in the beta globin gene.