Cognitive development is Jean Piaget's theory. Through a series of stages, Piaget proposed four stages of cognitive development: the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational period.
The versatility of Bifidobacterium longum as a lactic acid microorganism is reflected in its capacity to resist under harsh conditions such as stomach acid, bile, pH fluctuations, and gastrointestinal passage.
Like other Bifidobacterium species, B. longum is a lactic-acid bacteria that also produces acetic acid, ethanol, and formic acid. B. longum is capable of producing succinic acid, too, as long as it is consuming nutrients. The succinic acid is involved in energy production in your body.