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Pleural fluid analysis is a test that examines a sample of fluid that has collected in the pleural space. This is the space between the lining of the outside of the lungs (pleura) and the wall of the chest. When fluid collects in the pleural space, the condition is called pleural effusion.
If these alveoli fill with fluid instead of air the usual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide cannot take place causing severe medical problems. Pleurisy (or pleural effusion) is a build up of fluid around the lungs, rather than within the alveoli. The causes and symptoms are very similar to Lung Water.