Action Learning and Action Research engages the context of research with systemic thinking and practices. ALARA will promote the use of the Principles, and provide members, where possible, with education
Reduced (hypoactive) bowel sounds include a reduction in the loudness, tone, or regularity of the sounds. They are a sign that intestinal activity has slowed. Hypoactive bowel sounds are normal during sleep. They also occur normally for a short time after the use of certain medicines and after abdominal surgery.
After abdominal surgery, bowel sounds commonly slow down or stop for a certain amount of time. How long that might happen is different from person to person. After surgery, patients are usually told not to eat until bowel sounds resume and they can pass gas (which is another sign of normal bowel function). Anesthesia.