(IEEE) (1) The arrangement of a computer system or component as defined by the number, nature, and interconnections of its constituent parts. (2) In configuration management, the functional and physical characteristics of hardware or software as set forth in technical documentation or achieved in a product.
Inc. after a company name means that the business in question has incorporated within its home state. Status as a C-corporation or an S-Corporation depends on tax filings with the Internal Revenue Service. Incorporation produces a separate entity -- in essence a fictional person created by law.
Incorporation by Reference. The method of making one document of any kind become a part of another separate document by alluding to the former in the latter and declaring that the former shall be taken and considered as a part of the latter the same as if it were completely set out therein.