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Finally, with further decreases in the levels of CD4 cells, the person develops AIDS. According to the CDC, for an HIV-infected person, some signs that AIDS has developed (known as AIDS-defining conditions) are: The CD4 cell count has decreased to fewer than 200 cells per cubic milliliter of blood.
However, the exact mechanisms by which HIV causes the loss of CD4 T cells are still unknown, and other cell lines--such as CD8 T cells, which are presumably resistant to HIV infection--are also diminished over the course of infection.