Abnormal returns for vertical merger announcements are positive until the late 1990s, and turn negative afterward. As the results of a vertical merger, successive activities in a value chain which has been conducted by different firms are brought in-house in a single firm. This is the reason why antitrust agencies are less likely to contest a vertical merger than a horizontal merger.
The simplest types of chemical formulas are called empirical formulas, which indicate the ratio of each element in the molecule. The empirical formula is the simplest whole number ratio of all the atoms in a molecule. For example: The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6.
A chemical formula of a molecular compound that shows the kinds and numbers of atoms present in a molecule of a compound What representative units define molecular compounds and ionic compounds The representative unit of a molecular compound is a molecule. For an ionic compound, the representative unit is a formula unit.