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Finally, with further decreases in the levels of CD4 cells, the person develops AIDS. According to the CDC, for an HIV-infected person, some signs that AIDS has developed (known as AIDS-defining conditions) are: The CD4 cell count has decreased to fewer than 200 cells per cubic milliliter of blood.
Although most HIV-1 infected individuals have a detectable viral load and in the absence of treatment will eventually progress to AIDS, a small proportion (about 5%) retain high levels of CD4 + T cells (T helper cells) without antiretroviral therapy for more than 5 years.