Action Learning and Action Research engages the context of research with systemic thinking and practices. ALARA will promote the use of the Principles, and provide members, where possible, with education
Reduced (hypoactive) bowel sounds include a reduction in the loudness, tone, or regularity of the sounds. They are a sign that intestinal activity has slowed. Hypoactive bowel sounds are normal during sleep. They also occur normally for a short time after the use of certain medicines and after abdominal surgery.
Hyperactive sounds may also be heard with viral gastroenteritis, a very common cause of diarrhea in adults and children. Some of the more serious conditions that can cause bowel sound abnormalities include blocked blood flow to the intestines, bowel obstruction, and paralytic ileus.