Cognitive development is Jean Piaget's theory. Through a series of stages, Piaget proposed four stages of cognitive development: the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational period.
The versatility of Bifidobacterium longum as a lactic acid microorganism is reflected in its capacity to resist under harsh conditions such as stomach acid, bile, pH fluctuations, and gastrointestinal passage.
The chromosomes of Bifidobacterium longum contain 60% Guanine cytosine bonds. This microbe has a genome length of 2.26Mb. Often found as a supplement in yogurts or other fermented foods, Bifidobacterium longum converts sugars into lactic acid via fermentation. This helps to lower the pH in the lower intestine.