Cronbachâs alpha Cronbachâs alpha is most commonly used to measure internal consistency reliability, such as the reliability of a 10-item questionnaire. However, it can also be used to measure inter-rater reliability if the judges used an interval-or ratio-scale dependent variable.
1 1232: The Chinese who invented gunpowder (black powder) first used it in a weapon-gunpowder filled tubes aka rockets. 2  1364: First recorded use of a firearm-shooter lit wicks by hand that ingnited gunpowder that was loaded into the gun barrel. 3  1400s: Matchlock guns-first mechanically firing of guns.
After years of development and testing, Smith & Wesson produced its first automatic pistol on May 3, 1913. The .35 Automatic featured two safety devices and was available in blue or nickel for $16.50.