ABNâs should be executed when: 1  Tests(s) are deemed by the NCD policy as not medically necessary. 2  Screening test(s) that are part of a routine examination where the patient shows no signs nor symptoms of disease. 3  Test(s) that exceed the NCC frequency limits.
Under rules governing municipal bonds, callable premium bonds must be priced to the date resulting in the worst (lowest) yield for the investor. Generally this means that the bonds are priced to the first call date. This is attractive to investors because, in the event the bonds are not called, the yield to maturity will be much higher. Furthermore, in a rising rate environment, premium bonds retain their value better than par or discount bonds.
Municipal Bond. A bond issued by a local or state government. Municipal bonds are usually used to raise capital for improvements in infrastructure or other aspects of the municipality. For example, a city or school district may issue a bond to build a new school or a new playground. Municipal bonds are exempt from federal income taxes and sometimes from state and local taxes as well. Municipals usually pay lower coupons than corporate bonds, but because the yield is tax-free, the after-tax basis may be higher for a municipal bond. Risk varies with the municipality and the particular type of municipal bond. It is sometimes called a municipal improvement certificate.