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Thermal cracking. In thermal cracking, high temperatures (typically in the range of 450Â°C to 750Â°C) and pressures (up to about 70 atmospheres) are used to break the large hydrocarbons into smaller ones. Thermal cracking gives mixtures of products containing high proportions of hydrocarbons with double bonds - alkenes.
Once various hydrocarbons are obtained from cracking, they are chemically processed to make hydrocarbon monomers and other carbon monomers (like styrene, vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile) used in plastics. Next, the monomers carry out polymerization reactions in large polymerization plants.