Acoustic reflex. The acoustic reflex (also known as the stapedius reflex, middle-ear-muscles (MEM) reflex, attenuation reflex, or auditory reflex) is an involuntary muscle contraction that occurs in the middle ear in response to high-intensity sound stimuli or when the person starts to vocalize.
Wildlife provides a variety of benefits for private landowners. Many landowners are willing to spend time and money to enhance habitat for wildlife on their property, with deer often the primary focus of these efforts.Because deer are valued economically and recreationally by many hunters, some private landowners are tolerant of a certain degree of damage from this species.abbits (10%). The evidence farmers used to determine which species were responsible for damage included: visual observations of the animals in or near crop fields (80%), observations of tracks or scat (56%), observation of damage to plants (43%), and digging or rooting in crop fields (25%).
Three methods were used to. evaluate the cost of soil erosion: a) change in land value due to reduced Corn. Suitability Rating; b) change in land value due to loss of yield potential; and c). change in land rent value due to the change in soil erosion phase.y these figures, the cost of lost fertilizer alone is $2.10 per ton of eroded soil (2.32 pounds nitrogen x $0.63 per pound plus 1.0 pound phosphate x $0.64 per pound). USDA-NRCS suggests implementing EQIP practices will reduce soil erosion, on average, 8.6 tons per acre.