As a model of the new system a prototype allows for several forms of communication. First, it allows the developers to communicate to the users their understanding of the requirements. (Obviously before a prototype can be built there must be some initial requirements discussions between developers and users).
(Arrhenius) a substance that yeilds hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution; metallic oxides in water. Buffers. substances that in solution are capable of neutralizing, within limits both acids and bases, and thereby maintaining the original or constant pH of the solution; substances that prevent changes in pH. Ex. borax, sodium phosphates, and citrates. Crystallization. the process by which a substance is given definite form.
If an acid is added to an unbuffered solution, the pH will change suddenly and proportional to the amount of acid added. However, the pH will drop gradually in buffer solution when acid is added. Buffers also mitigate the pH increase caused by adding base. Buffers are aqueous systems that resist changes in pH as acid or base is added. They are usually composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base.