The MAX Orange Line will open on schedule on Saturday, Sept. 12, 2015, and while construction is 95 percent complete, the federal funding process continues through 2019. Until the federal appropriations process is complete, the project will continue to incur costs, which is why the savings is given as a range.
The most common household form of water softeners are ion-exchanging resin devices. There are three main types of water softeners, categorized based on what salt they use: sodium, potassium, or hydrogen. These water softeners have a bed of resin that water is passed through. The resin is negatively-charged, and so binds to the positively charged metal ions in the hard water.
Saltless Water Softeners vs. Salt Based Water Softeners. As discussed above, salt-based water softeners use a negatively charged resin bed to attract and remove magnesium and calcium from the water supply. These water softeners also use salt to clean the water softener and regenerate the resin bed. During regeneration, positively charged sodium ions replace the hard water minerals trapped in the resin bed, and the hard water concentrate is flushed down the drain. Salt-free water softeners, on the other hand, do not remove hard water minerals from the water. Rather, they transform the magnesium and calcium chemically, so that they do not cling to surfaces and precipitate into scale.