All operations of the ESF require the explicit authorization of the Secretary of the Treasury who is responsible for the formulation and implementation of U.S. international monetary and financial policy, including exchange market intervention policy.
Based on the numbers we chronicled, the average lifespan of an indoor cat is 16.875 years. How long do outdoor cats live? A number of challenges tend to limit the average cat lifespan of an outdoor cat.
Barring any mishaps, any cat (indoor/outdoor) should live to be the average of 15-17 years. I have only had one cat in over 40 years that did not make it to at least 15. And that was a result of a genetic defect. My cats are and always have been, with one exception, outdoor cats.