Cardiac outflow obstruction may also result in sudden-onset syncope with little or no prodrome. One critical clue is the exertional nature, and the other is the presence of a cardiac murmur. Young athletes may present with this etiology for syncope.
SUMMARY. Summary: Flagellar and translocation-associated type III secretion (T3S) systems are present in most Gram-negative plant-and animal-pathogenic bacteria and are often essential for bacterial motility or pathogenicity.o date, T3S4 proteins have been described for translocation-associated T3S systems from several animal-pathogenic bacteria (YscP from Yersinia spp., Spa32 from Shigella spp., and InvJ from Salmonella spp.) and the plant-pathogenic bacterium X. campestris pv. vesicatoria (HpaC) (Table 6).
Bacterial effectors are injected by bacterial cells, usually pathogens, into the cells of their host. The injection is mediated by specialized secretion systems, e.g. the type III secretion system (TTSS or T3SS).ungal effectors are secreted by pathogenic fungi into and around host cells by invasive hyphae to disable defense components and facilitate colonization. Protein secretion systems in fungi involve the Spitzenkoerper. spitzenkÃ¶rper