Biology of bacterial inclusion bodies. Bacterial inclusion bodies (IBs) are protein aggregates that have been commonly observed in recombinant Escherichia coli since the implementation of recombinant DNA technologies.
How is the lower atmosphere warmed from the surface upward? The lower atmosphere is warmed from the surface upward by ground temperature. As the ground warms up, the heat rises and causes warmer temperatures.
Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere. 1  From the earth's surface to 11-12 km above, temperature decreases with height. This fact results from the sun's radiation striking the earth and the earth then warming the air above it. So the closer the air is to the ground, the warmer it becomes.