C. difficile is a toxin-producing bacteria that causes antibiotic-associated colitis, which can occur after the antibiotic therapy upsets the balance of good and bad bacteria in your intestinal tract. Besides loose stools, C. difficile infection can cause: 1  Lower abdominal pain and cramping.  Low-grade fever.
The pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans are the regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. Discovered in 1869 by German pathological anatomist Paul Langerhans, the pancreatic islets constitute approximately 1-2% of the pancreas's mass and receive 10-15% of its blood flow.here are about one million islets distributed throughout the pancreas of a healthy adult human, :914 each of which measures about 0.2 mm in diameter.
The hormones secreted by the endocrine pancreas regulate metabolic functions throughout the body, in the digestive tract, or in the islets themselves. The islets of Langerhans contain three major cell types, alpha, beta and delta cells, that secrete glucagon, insulin and somatostatin, respectively.