Nicotinic receptor activation causes the opening of the channel formed by the receptor. This increases the Na+ movement into the target cell, leading to depolarization and generation of the action potential. This rapidly developing change, termed a fast EPSP, is illustrated in Figures 4.3, and 6.2.
Just like red pepper, black pepper has a thermogenic effect when ingested. The spice stimulates your metabolism and thus temporarily increases body heat. A higher basal metabolic rate means higher energy expenditure or more calories burned.
Pepper spray, unlike teargas, is not an irritant, it is an inflammatory agent. When a person is sprayed with pepper spray their eyes clamp shut, if they manage to open them they most likely will not see anything because the capillaries in their eyes will be dilated, causing temporary blindness.he active ingredient in pepper spray is also an inflammatory agent that swells up the eyes and mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, it causes pain, and often temporary blindness.