The pathogenesis of Plummer-Vinson syndrome (PVS) remains speculative, and the existence of the syndrome has been challenged. The prevalent iron deficiency theory remains controversial. Older reports have implicated iron deficiency in the pathogenesis of esophageal webs and dysphagia in predisposed individuals.
August 3-5, 2017 - Experience small-town America for free at the Vinland Fair! The fair is a yearly tradition in small-town Vinland, Kansas, this year from August 3-5.
According to the manuscripts, Thorvald fled a murder charge in Norway and eventually settled in Iceland; his son Erik fled Iceland under a similar charge and settled Greenland; and Eirik's son Leif (the Lucky) took the family westward still, and circa AD 998 he colonized a land he called Vinland, Old Norse for land of grapes. Leif's colony remained at Vinland for between three and ten years, before they were chased away by constant attacks from the residents, called Skraelings by the Norse. Munn believed that the most likely site for the colony was on the island of Newfoundland, arguing that Vinland did not refer to grapes, but rather to grass or grazing land, since grapes don't grow in Newfoundland.