Biology of bacterial inclusion bodies. Bacterial inclusion bodies (IBs) are protein aggregates that have been commonly observed in recombinant Escherichia coli since the implementation of recombinant DNA technologies.
How is the lower atmosphere warmed from the surface upward? The lower atmosphere is warmed from the surface upward by ground temperature. As the ground warms up, the heat rises and causes warmer temperatures.
For example, air on a part of the Earth's surface warmed by strong sunlight will be heated by contact with the ground and will expand and flow upward, creating a region of low pressure below it; cooler surrounding air will then flow in to this low pressure region. The air thus circulates by convection, creating winds. See Note at conduction.