A. urinae and A. sanguinicola most often causes UTI in elderly patients with a median age around 75 years and with a tendency to female predominance (5, 15, 28, 49, 54, 68). Acute pyelonephritis in a 12-year-old-boy has also been reported (45).
The distinction between psychological egoism and ethical egoism reflects the contrast of is verses ought, fact verses value, or descriptive verses prescriptive.. 1  Psychological egoism is the empirical doctrine that the determining motive of every voluntary action is a desire for one's own welfare. In science, a purported law only needs one disconfirming instance to disprove it. 2  Psychological egoism makes no claim as to how one should act. 3  That all persons seek their self-interest on this theory is a purported fact, and this belief is viewed by the psychological egoist as nonmoral and verifiable.
Ethical egoism is often equated with selfishness, the disregard of othersâ interests in favor of oneâs own interests. However, ethical egoism cannot be coherently equated with selfishness because it is often in oneâs self-interest to help others or to refrain from harming them.