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The anterior thoracic nerve from the C5 to C8 roots innervates the pectoralis major and minor, and the thoracodorsal nerve from C6 to C8 roots innervates the latissimus dorsi muscle. The axillary nerve is formed by fibers of the C5 to C6 roots which go through the posterior cord of the plexus and innervate the deltoid and teres minor muscles, as well as part of the skin of the lateral shoulder.
Motor Functions. The radial nerve innervates muscles located in the arm and forearm. In the arm, it directly innervates the three heads of the triceps brachii. This muscle performs extension at the elbow.In the forearm, the deep branch of the radial nerve innervates the muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm.s it moves inferiorly, the radial nerve wraps around the humerus in a lateral direction, and gives a branch to the lateral head of the triceps brachii. During its course in the arm, the nerve is accompanied by the deep branch of the brachial artery.