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excited state: state in which an atom or molecule picks up outside energy, causing an electron to move into a higher-energy orbital.
If an electron (#e^(-)#) configuration is not in the GROUND state, then it is in the EXCITED state. Sodium has 11 electrons. Here are 3 possible electron configurations: Ground state: #1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^1#: no electrons are excited from their default configuration. Excited state a: #1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3p^1#: one #3s# electron jumped into the #3p# orbital; #589 nm# transition. Excited state b (alternative to a, but not consecutive):