The retina is located at the back of the eye and contains light-sensitive cells and nerve cells. These cells are what allow your eyes to receive and organize the information that you see, but they are susceptible to a condition called hypoxia.
Monitor the amount of insulin produced by the beta cells in the pancreas (endogenous); in this case, a C-peptide test may also be done. Insulin and C-peptide are produced by the body at the same rate as part of the conversion of proinsulin to insulin in the pancreas.
How is it used? Diabetes-related (islet) autoantibody testing is primarily used to help distinguish autoimmune type 1 diabetes from diabetes due to other causes. Type 1 diabetes is a condition characterized by a lack of insulin due to autoimmune processes that destroy the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.