Cytoprotection is defined as an ability of pharmacologic agents, originally PGs, to prevent gastric and intestinal mucosal injury produced by a variety of ulcerogenic agents (eg, aspirin, indomethacin, bile acids) and by necrotizing agents (eg, boiling water, absolute alcohol, 0.6 mol/L HCl, 0.2 mol/L NaOH).
Definition of systematic error. : an error that is not determined by chance but is introduced by an inaccuracy (as of observation or measurement) inherent in the system.
Measurement error is the difference between the target population's characteristics and the measurement of these characteristics in a survey. There are two types of measurement error: systematic error and random error.