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The anterior thoracic nerve from the C5 to C8 roots innervates the pectoralis major and minor, and the thoracodorsal nerve from C6 to C8 roots innervates the latissimus dorsi muscle. The axillary nerve is formed by fibers of the C5 to C6 roots which go through the posterior cord of the plexus and innervate the deltoid and teres minor muscles, as well as part of the skin of the lateral shoulder.
Motor Functions. The radial nerve innervates muscles located in the arm and forearm. In the arm, it directly innervates the three heads of the triceps brachii. This muscle performs extension at the elbow.In the forearm, the deep branch of the radial nerve innervates the muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm.These muscles generally extend at the wrist and finger joints.here are four branches of the radial nerve that provide cutaneous innervation to the skin of the upper limb: 1  Lower lateral cutaneous nerve of arm â Innervates the lateral aspect of the upper arm, below the deltoid muscle. 2  Posterior cutaneous nerve of arm â Innervates the posterior surface of the upper arm.