Class F-1 shares were first offered on March 15, 2001. Class F-1 share results prior to the date of the first sale are hypothetical based on Class A share results without a sales charge, adjusted for estimated additional annual expenses.lass F-1 shares were first offered on March 15, 2001 (on February 21, 2014, in funds in the American Funds Target Date Retirement Series). Class F-1 share results prior to the date of first sale are hypothetical based on Class A share results without a sales charge, adjusted for estimated additional annual expenses.
The nature of economics. Economics is the scientific study of the ownership, use, and exchange of scarce resources-often shortened to the science of scarcity. Economics is regarded as a social science because it uses scientific methods to build theories that can help explain the behaviour of individuals, groups and organisations. Economics attempts to explain economic behaviour, which arises when scarce resources are exchanged. In terms of methodology, economists, like other social scientists, are not able to undertake controlled experiments in the way that chemists and biologists are.
Economics. the combination of persons for purposes of production, purchase, or distribution for their joint benefit: producers' cooperation; consumers' cooperation.