From commercial banks. a) commercial banks give up the govt bonds to the federal reserve banks. b) the federal reserves increase the reserves of commercial banks by the amount of purchase when the federal reserve pays for those securities.
stratosphere Section of the Earth 's atmosphere between the troposphere and the higher mesosphere. It is c. 40km (25mi) thick, and for half this distance the temperature remains fairly constant.The stratosphere contains most of the atmosphere's ozone.tratosphere The layer of the earth's atmosphere that lies above the troposphere and extends to about 50 km above the earth's surface. The temperature within the stratosphere remains fairly constant but can rise in the upper regions of this layer due to absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone. See ozone layer.
Stratocumulus clouds are masses of puffy clouds with little or no space in between. A sky full of stratocumulus clouds indicates dry weather if the difference in temperature between night and day is only a few degrees. For more clouds, click here: WORD OF THE WEEK.