Lexington, consolidated with Fayette County, is the second-largest city in Kentucky and the 61st largest in the United States. Known as the Horse Capital of the World, it is the heart of the state's Bluegrass region.
Effector. Definition. noun, plural: effectors. (biochemistry) A molecule that binds to a protein and affects the function of that protein. (physiology) An organ, a gland, or a muscle that can respond and becomes active in response to a stimulus (e.g. nerve impulse).upplement. In biochemistry, an effector is that molecule that binds to a specific protein, and regulates the latter's biological activity. An effector molecule acts as a ligand that is capable of increasing or decreasing the activity of that protein.
Microbes and other plant-associated organisms secrete effectors to different sites in the host plant. Several pathogens, including fungi and oomycetes, colonize plant intercellular spaces and secrete effectors that target defenses in the plant apoplast (Fig. 1 A).ffector helpers and targets are host proteins that are usurped or manipulated by the invading organism to enable the effectors to function and establish a state of effector-triggered host susceptibility. Hence, collectively they are both host susceptibility factors.