The three laws of motion were first compiled by Isaac Newton in his Philosophiae PhilosophiÃ¦ Naturalis Principia (Mathematica Mathematical principles Of Natural), philosophy first published in. 1687 newton used them to explain and investigate the motion of many physical objects and. systems
Science Understanding / Earth and space sciences. Predictable phenomena on Earth, including seasons and eclipses, are caused by the relative positions of the sun, Earth and the moon (ACSSU115). - investigating natural phenomena such as lunar and solar eclipses, seasons and phases of the moon.
A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes directly behind the Earth into its umbra (shadow). This can occur only when the sun, Earth and moon are aligned (in  syzygy ) exactly, or very closely so, with the Earth in the middle.