Light-independent reaction. Definition. noun. The series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light to proceed, and ultimately produce organic molecules from carbon dioxide. Supplement. The energy released from ATP (produced during the light reactions) drives this metabolic pathway.
Kissing bugs are found throughout the Americas. In the US, kissing bugs are established in 28 states. A total of 11 different species of kissing bugs have been documented in the US, with the highest diversity and density in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. Kissing bugs are not new to the United States. There is documentation of kissing bugs in many states in records in the early 1900s.
Five states have adopted the tiger swallowtail as their official state butterfly. Virginia adopted the tiger swallowtail as their official state insect. A close second, the monarch butterfly makes a strong showing with three states claiming this popular insect as their official state butterfly. Alabama, Idaho, Illinois, and Texas have adopted the monarch butterfly as their official state insect. Each of the other official state butterflies is unique to only one state. 29 butterflies have been adopted by the states as official. 19 have been adopted as butterflies.. Another ten states have adopted butterflies as official state insects..