Prior to the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment and the development of the incorporation doctrine, the Supreme Court in 1833 held in Barron v. Baltimore that the Bill of Rights applied only to the federal, but not any state governments.
Cumberland is a census-designated place (CDP) in and the county seat of Cumberland County, Virginia, United States. Cumberland lies along U.S. Route 60 and State Route 45. It is 48 miles (77 km) west of Richmond and 51 miles (82 km) east of Amherst. The population as of the 2010 Census was 393.
Cumberland County is located on the Cumberland Plateau and is home to the cities of Crossville, Crab Orchard, and Pleasant Hill. Cumberland County is also home to many tourist attractions such as the Cumberland Mountain State Park, Cumberland County Playhouse, Catoosa Wildlife Management Area, numerous Golf Courses, Museums, and shopping centers.