Humans, birds and fish can all be affected by PSP toxins. Herbivorous zooplankton is the primary transvector which can in turn transmit the toxin to fish and possibly other marine creatures which consume zooplankton (Baden 1983). The usual route for humans is the consumption of raw or cooked contaminated shellfish.
The definition of obstinate is extremely stubborn and determined to have your own way. An example of obstinate is a person who drives during a severe hurricane despite major warnings not to do so. obstinate. not easily subdued, ended, etc. obstinate.
Word Origin and History for obstipation Expand. n. 1590s, from Latin obstipationem (nominative obstipatio), noun of action from *obstipare action of blocking or stopping up, from ob- (see ob-) + stipare to press together, to pack (see stiff (adj.)).