act as the functional units of the respiratory system by passing oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out of the body. Finally, the muscles of respiration, including the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, work together to act as a pump, pushing air into and out of the lungs during breathing.
The Ivory-billed Woodpecker (Campephilus principalis) is an extremely rare member of the woodpecker family, Picidae. It is officially listed as an endangered species, but by the end of the 20th century had widely been considered extinct until it was apparently sighted along the Cache River in Arkansas in 2004 and 2005.
Threats to Woodpeckers. Threats to woodpeckers include loss of habitat, human encroachment, and pesticides. Climate change may also pose a direct threat to woodpeckers and their habitats. For instance, Francis Marion National Forest, which at the time held the largest population of red-cockaded woodpeckers, suffered a direct hit by Hurricane Hugo in 1989 destroyed 87 percent of the nesting cavity trees within the Forest.