Average Cost Of Braces by State for 2012. The following average cost was done by using a bracesinfo.com sample of orthodontist in large cities (50,000-500,000) by region and with the 2011 JCO (Journal Of Clinical Orthodontics) Orthodontic Practice Study MEAN FEES BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION based on 10,956 orthodontist.
Causes of Fingernail Ridges, Pitting and Curved Nails. Normal Lines and Ridges on the Nails. Longitudinal ridges (running from the cuticle to the free edge of the nail) may be due to aging and not a sign of any disease. Nail beading, where the nail loses its smooth curvature, is also a normal part of aging.
The nail thickens, and the skin becomes cracked where the nail pushes into it. At times the curve can get so severe, the side edges of the nails will almost touch, causing significant pain. Left untreated, infection can develop. A number of factors can cause pincer nails to evolve. Genetics can play a role, since the natural shape of the nail plate determines how a nail grows. However, many times a pincer nail can develop because of shoes that pinch the toes together or improper maintenance of the nail through cutting or filing.