The brachial plexus at the interscalene level is seen lateral to the carotid artery, between the anterior and middle scalene muscles (Figures 2, 3, and 4). Prevertebral fascia, superficial cervical plexus and sternocleidomastoid muscle are seen superficial to the plexus.he goal of the continuous interscalene block is similar to the non-ultrasound-based techniques: to place the catheter in the vicinity of the trunks of the brachial plexus between the scalene muscles.
A colonoscopy is similar to a sigmoidoscopy, but a longer flexible viewing tube called a colonoscope is used to examine the entire colon and (if necessary) the lower portion of the small intestine. It is typically performed to detect colorectal cancer and to determine the causes of rectal bleeding, chronic diarrhea, chronic constipation, or abdominal pain.
Upper endoscopy uses a thin scope with a light and camera at its tip to look inside of the upper digestive system -- the esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum. During endoscopy, certain procedures such as taking a small tissue sample (biopsy) for testing may be performed. Sometimes, the procedure is done in emergencies in the hospital or emergency room to both identify and treat upper digestive system bleeding such as from an ulcer.