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Thus, a person called to testify before Congress can refuse if they believe the government could use the testimony against them in criminal proceedings. To render the protections against self-incrimination ineffective, Congress can provide immunity from criminal prosecution.
If you are charged with a crime, you do not have to testify. The freedom not to testify is part of your PRIVILEGE AGAINST SELF-INCRIMINATION. The privilege means that you may testify if you want to, but you may not be called as a witness against your will by the prosecution at your own trial.