Bismuth subsalicylate may cause ringing in the ears, but that side effect is rare. Possible side effects from loperamide include skin rash, constipation, drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, and swelling, pain, and discomfort in the abdomen.
In the United States, the annual cost of soil erosion for both on-site and off-site effects has been estimated at 44 billion dollars a year (Pimentel et al., 1995). In the European Union, the figure is 38 billion Euros a year (Montanarella, 2007).
A second way to estimate the cost of the soil erosion is by estimating the impact of soil erosion on yield. The analysis is similar to the CSR analysis, but the difference in yield is the measure of the impact of erosion. This analysis includes continuous corn and a corn/soybean rotation.t this rate, the range in cost to the land owner per acre per year would be from $2.75 to $6.45 an acre. There is considerable difference between soils and counties with respect to the loss in value caused by erosion.