A nuclear membrane, or nuclear envelope, is the lipid bilayer membrane which surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus in eukaryotic cells. The nuclear membrane consists of two lipid bilayersâthe inner nuclear membrane, and the outer nuclear membrane. The space between the membranes is called the perinuclear space, a region contiguous with the lumen (inside) of the endoplasmic reticulum.
An antegrade percutaneous internal/external nephroureteral (PCNU) stent is placed percutaneously, establishing antegrade access to the kidney, ureter, and urinary bladder. A segment of the stent remains outside the patient from the flank, which can be capped or connected to gravity drainage.ephroureteral stents including antegrade, retrograde, or internal (double-J) stents are routinely placed by interventional radiologists. The purpose of this review is to provide a detailed and comprehensive description of indications, contraindications, technique, and various technical challenges of these procedures.
A stent is a mesh tube made of metal or sometimes fabric. It is often placed during an angioplasty procedure. An angioplasty is a deflated balloon that your surgeon will thread through your artery to the weakened or blocked area. It is then inflated to open the artery for placement of the stent. The stent safeguards the site to prevent future blockages.