Aminoglycosides are excreted by glomerular filtration and have a serum half-life of 2 to 3 h; the half-life increases exponentially as the GFR falls (eg, in renal insufficiency, in the elderly).
Madagascar is the world's major natural vanilla producer, accounting for about 75% of production. Cloves are the third main export crop, grown mostly by smallholders. Production follows a 4-year cycle with 2â3 years of high output followed by one year of low production.
Mahajanga has the largest extent of forest cover of any province in Madagascar, but Antsiranana (91%) and Toamasina (87%) have the highest proportion of forest cover relative to land area. Toamasina has the largest area of dense forest, defined as area with more than 50% tree cover, according to Global Forest Watch.ahajanga has the largest extent of forest cover of any province in Madagascar, but Antsiranana (91%) and Toamasina (87%) have the highest proportion of forest cover relative to land area. Toamasina has the largest area of dense forest, defined as area with more than 50% tree cover, according to Global Forest Watch.