Shastra (à¤¶à¤¾à¤¸à¥à¤¤à¥à¤°, IAST: ÅÄstra, IPA: ) is a Sanskrit word that means precept, rules, manual, compendium, book or treatise in a general sense. The word is generally used as a suffix in the Indian literature context, for technical or specialized knowledge in a defined area of practice.
Ice calving. Ice calving, also known as glacier calving or iceberg calving, is the breaking of ice chunks from the edge of a glacier. It is a form of ice ablation or ice disruption and is normally caused by the glacier expanding. It is the sudden release and breaking away of a mass of ice from a glacier, iceberg, ice front, ice shelf, or crevasse.
Ice shelves form when glaciers reach the sea and begin to float. The Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica is a famous ice shelf. Chunks of ice can break off an ice shelf or a glacier that reaches the sea. This is called calving. The ice chucks form icebergs up to 250 km long and 100 km wide. Very small icebergs are called bergy bits. When a glacier melts, all of the rock, sand and mud that it was carrying gets left behind. Geologists call this mixture of sediment till.