This means that the grand jury requirement applies only to felony charges in the federal court system. While many states do employ grand juries, no defendant has a Fifth Amendment right to a grand jury for criminal charges in state court.
The NDEA was influenced by the Soviet launch of the satellite Sputnik on October 4, 1957. U.S. citizens feared that education in the USSR was superior to that in the United States, and Congress reacted by adding the act to bring U.S. schools up to speed.t was one of a suite of science initiatives inaugurated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1958 motivated to increase the technological sophistication and power of the United States alongside, for instance DARPA and NASA.
The main provisions of the Education Reform Act are as follows: 1  Academic tenure was abolished for academics appointed on or after 20 November 1987. 2  An element of choice was introduced, where parents could specify which school was their preferred choice. This part of the Act allowed all schools to be taken out of the direct financial control of local authorities. 2  Financial control would be handed to the head teacher and governors of a school. 3  The National Curriculum (NC) was introduced.