Astaxanthin is a reddish pigment that belongs to a group of chemicals called carotenoids. It occurs naturally in certain algae and causes the pink or red color in salmon, trout, lobster, shrimp, and other seafood. Indigestion (dyspepsia). 2  Early research shows that taking astaxanthin daily for 4 weeks does not reduce stomach pain, indigestion or the amount of bacteria (H. pylori) in the stomach that may cause stomach pain.
James-Lange Theory of Emotion was posed by both James and Lang at approximately the same time (hence the name James-Lange) and suggests emotions are a consequence of our physiological responses to external stimuli followed by identification of the emotion by examining the physical responses.
There are also some living systems theories, such as the Gaia hypothesis, the idea that the Earth is alive; the former first developed by James Grier Miller. Another one is that life is the property of ecological systems, and yet another is the complex systems biology, a branch or subfield of mathematical biology.