Aminoglycosides are excreted by glomerular filtration and have a serum half-life of 2 to 3 h; the half-life increases exponentially as the GFR falls (eg, in renal insufficiency, in the elderly).
Madagascar is the world's major natural vanilla producer, accounting for about 75% of production. Cloves are the third main export crop, grown mostly by smallholders. Production follows a 4-year cycle with 2â3 years of high output followed by one year of low production.
ANTANANARIVO â The results of a new Cost of Hunger in Africa (COHA) study indicate that Madagascarâs economy loses 3.384 billion Ariary (US$1.5 billion) per year â the equivalent of 14.5% of the countryâs Gross Domestic Product (GDP) â to the effects of malnutrition.