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What Are Pistachios? Pistachio is a dry fruit from the pistachio tree; a small tree with origins in the Middle East and Central Asia. The pistachio tree belongs to the cashew family. Their fruit is a drupe that contains an elongated seed; it is this seed that people eat. The seed is a culinary nut, rather than a botanical nut, and has a distinct flavour.
Pistachio nuts are grown mainly for export in those countries. Trees are also grown in Pakistan, Greece, India, and Australia. The USDA Plant Introduction Department introduced the tree in California about 1904, but it was not promoted as a commercial crop in California until 1929.