Founder Effect. The Founder Effect is defined as a type of bottleneck, a type of genetic drift describing the loss of the allelic variation that accompanies founding of a new population from a very small number of individuals (a small sample of a much larger source population).
For example, two well drilling companies -- one in Pennsylvania and one that covers New Hampshire, Vermont and central Massachusetts -- state the cost for drilling a well and outfitting it with pump equipment averages between $5,000 and $7,000, at the time of publication.
An average well depth in Indiana, for example, runs about 120 feet deep. At $15 per foot -- including drilling and casing -- a 120-foot well costs $1,800. A mid-range price of $22.50 per foot results in a $2,700 well, while a $30 per foot well costs $3,600 not including permit fees and equipment costs.