The species theory, polygenism, held that human races were of different lineages and suggested a hierarchy outlined in the Chain of Being that positioned Africans between man and lower primates.
No, they are involved in the Circulatory System which is responsible for pumping and channelling blood to and from the body and lungs with heart, blood and blood vessels. no veins are not considered an organ because they are a grouping of different tissues like a organ.
Therefore, like the nerves system and the skin-which are both organs-an artery is not a type of tissue but made up of several types of tissue and serves the body by transporting blood. It is large enough to be categorised to be an organ.