Once released, BNP binds to and activates the atrial natriuretic factor receptor NPRA, and to a lesser extent NPRB, in a fashion similar to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) but with 10-fold lower affinity.
The GTP layer for the control plane (GTP-C) tunnels signaling messages between GSNs in the GPRS backbone network.The GTP-C enables several procedures to be performed through the GPRS backbone network, including path management, tunnel management, location management, and mobility management.he GTP layer for the control plane (GTP-C) tunnels signaling messages between GSNs in the GPRS backbone network.
1 The signal-activated receptor activates another protein, which activates another, and so on, until the protein that produces the final cellular response is activated. 2  The relay molecules that relay a signal from receptor to response are mostly proteins. 3  The interaction of proteins is a major theme of cell signaling.