Founder Effect. The Founder Effect is defined as a type of bottleneck, a type of genetic drift describing the loss of the allelic variation that accompanies founding of a new population from a very small number of individuals (a small sample of a much larger source population).
For example, two well drilling companies -- one in Pennsylvania and one that covers New Hampshire, Vermont and central Massachusetts -- state the cost for drilling a well and outfitting it with pump equipment averages between $5,000 and $7,000, at the time of publication.
To drill a 100-foot well for example, the cost of drilling the well and adding the casing averages around $1,500 to $3,000 -- not including permit fees, which vary by building jurisdictions and health departments. When the driller does not find water, you still have to pay for the depth he has drilled.