In enzymes, some of these amino acids form a site in the structure that catalyzes the enzymatic reaction. This site, called the active site of the enzyme, has amino acids that bind specifically to the substrate molecule, also called a ligand (Fig. 2). In a similar manner, certain sites in cell receptor proteins bind to specific ligand molecules that the receptor recognizes.
When did France's second empire end? The Second Empire ended with the swift and catastrophic defeat of  France in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870. The war was engineered  by Bismarck with the idea that Germany â¦would be united.This  included the capture by the Prussians of the Napoleon III. Then the  proclamation at Versailles of the German Empire, the loss to France  of Alsace and Lorraine, and the proclamation of the Third Republic.
The Second Reich refers... The use of the phrase Third Reich was intended to connote a sense of connection with the past, particularly the German past. The first reich was the Holy Roman Empire, which lasted hundreds of years beginning with the crowning of Charlemagne as Holy Roman Emperor in 800. Charlemagne was a Frankish king, and the Franks were a Germanic people. His rule brought several German principalities and fiefdoms together, if only nominally.