Symptoms of iron-deficiency anemia are related to decreased oxygen delivery to the entire body and may include: 1  Being pale or having yellow sallow skin. 2  Unexplained fatigue or lack of energy. 3  Shortness of breath or chest pain, especially with activity. 4  Unexplained generalized weakness. 5  Rapid heartbeat.
Average heterozygosity refers to the average percentage of loci that are heterozygous in a population. Average heterozygosity is measured by looking at changes in karyotypes. The human genome consists of approximately 3 billion base pairs.
Heterozygosityâthe condition of having two different alleles at a locusâis fundamental to the study of genetic variation in populations. Indeed, Mendelâs original work was based on tracing the transmission to progeny of the two alleles present in heterozygous individuals at individual loci or combinations of loci.