Symptoms of iron-deficiency anemia are related to decreased oxygen delivery to the entire body and may include: 1  Being pale or having yellow sallow skin. 2  Unexplained fatigue or lack of energy. 3  Shortness of breath or chest pain, especially with activity. 4  Unexplained generalized weakness. 5  Rapid heartbeat.
Average heterozygosity refers to the average percentage of loci that are heterozygous in a population. Average heterozygosity is measured by looking at changes in karyotypes. The human genome consists of approximately 3 billion base pairs.
Expected and observed heterozygosities in each group were calculated using HW-Quickcheck (Kalinowski 2006), whereas both allele counts and allelic richness after rarefaction were estimated using HP-Rare (Kalinowski 2005).