The soil pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity in soils. aq) in a solution. In water, it normally ranges from -1 to 14, with 7 being neutral. A pH below 7 is acidic and above 7 is alkaline. Soil pH is considered a master variable in soils as it controls many chemical processes that take place.
3. Cultural Factor : It is an established fact that there is an intimate connection between our beliefs and social institutions, our values and social relationships. Values, beliefs, ideas, institutions are the basic elements of a culture.
Theories that based on biological factor are referred to as Biological Theories. Theories based on sociological factors are referred to as Sociological Theories. (Schneider, Gruman, Coutts, 2005). Biological Theories involve genetic factors that can influence an individual to engage in criminal behavior. Genetic factor can predispose an individual to being more likely to engage in criminal activity than other individual who do don't share similar genetic factors.