Anatomy of fern fronds. The anatomy of a fern frond is relatively simple. They have a stalk which connects the base of the frond to the rest of the tree and runs along the entire length of the frond to the tip. The stalk can be separated into two parts: the stipe, which is the section of the stalk before any leafy part of the frond, and the rachis, the section with leafy tissue.
When entering a range of cell references as an argument for a function or when creating a chart, in addition to typing in the range manually, the range can also be selected using pointing. Ranges are identified by the cell references or addresses of the cells in the upper left and lower right corners of the range. These two references are separated by a colon ( : ) which tells Excel to include all the cells between these start and end points.
A cell is one of the box-like structures that fill a worksheet and each cell can be located by means of its cell reference consisting of the column letter and row number that intersect at the cell's location. Cell references are used in formulas, functions, charts, and other Excel commands.or example, in the image above, the cell reference $A$6 in the formula in cell B2 is an absolute cell reference and $A2 is a mixed cell reference. Absolute cell references do not change as they are copied. Note that the reference $A$6 stays unchanged in all three versions of the formula in the image above.