Figure skating jumps
Jumps are referred to by how many times the skater turns in the air. One revolution (one and a half for the Axel) is a "single" jump. Two revolutions (two and a half for the Axel) is a "double" jump. Three revolutions (three and a half for the Axel) is a "triple" jump. Four revolutions (four and a half for the Axel, although this has never been done in competition) is a "quadruple" or "quad" jump. The first triple jump landed in competition was a loop jump. It was landed by Dick Button in 1952. The first quadruple jump landed in competition was a toe loop jump. It was landed by Kurt Browning in 1988. Currently, men in world-class competition usually attempt a full set of triples and sometimes one or two quadruple jumps in their free skating programs. Triple Axels are rare for ladies, and quadruple jump attempts even more so.
Lutz jump
Today the Lutz is often done in double or triple versions. Alena Vrzáňová of Czechoslovakia was the first woman credited with a double Lutz, performed at the 1949 World Championships. Donald Jackson of Canada was the first skater to execute a triple Lutz jump in competition, at the 1962 World Championships; Denise Biellmann of Switzerland is credited as the first woman to do so, at the 1978 European Championships. Brandon Mroz of the United States is credited with landing the first quadruple Lutz jump in a sanctioned competition at the 2011 Colorado Springs Invitational, a club competition sanctioned by U.S. Figure Skating; Mroz's jump was subsequently ratified by the International Skating Union after video review. On November 12, Mroz landed it in the short program at 2011 NHK Trophy, becoming the first skater to land it in an international competition. On November 2015 Jin Boyang became the first man to land the quad lutz with a positive GOE at an international competition and a quad lutz triple toe. On November 25, 2017 Nathan Chen became the first man to land two quadruple Lutz jumps in competition during the free skating portion of the Skate America Grand Prix Competition. On February 17, 2018, Vincent Zhou became the first to land a Quad Lutz at any Winter Olympic Competition. On October 12, 2018, Alexandra Trusova became the first female skater to land a Quad Lutz at the 2018 JGP Armenia.