Basal-cell carcinoma
Basal-cell cancer is a very common skin cancer. It is much more common in fair-skinned individuals with a family history of basal-cell cancer and increases in incidence closer to the equator or at higher altitude. There are approximately 800,000 new cases yearly in the United States alone. Up to 30% of Caucasians develop basal-cell carcinomas in their lifetime. In Canada, the most common skin cancer is basal-cell carcinoma (as much as one third of all cancer diagnoses), affecting 1 in 7 individuals over a lifetime.
BRCA mutation
Cancer of the colon is approximately as common in both men and women in the developed world as breast cancer is among average-risk women, with about 6% of people being diagnosed with it, usually over the age of 50. Like sporadic prostate cancer, it is a multifactorial disease, and is affected by age, diet, and similar factors. "BRCA" mutation carriers have a higher than average risk of this common cancer, but the risk is not as high as in some other hereditary cancers. The risk might be as high as four times normal in some "BRCA1" families, and double the normal risk among "BRCA2" carriers. Like pancreatic cancer, it may be that only some "BRCA" mutations or some "BRCA" families have the extra risk; unlike other "BRCA"-caused cancers, it does not appear at an earlier age than usual. Normal colon cancer screening is usually recommended to "BRCA" mutation carriers.