Wolfstein, Rhineland-Palatinate
Wolfstein was founded in 1275 on Habsburg King Rudolph I's orders, which called for a “fortified and free” town near his castle, “Woluisstein”, now known as the "Alt-Wolfstein" (“Old Wolfstein”) ruin. Rudolph forthwith granted the new town the same town rights and freedoms as the town of Speyer. As an “everlasting marketplace”, it was to be a sanctuary for commerce, trade and dealing. The first townsmen and -women came from the surrounding, much older villages.
House of Oettingen-Wallerstein
Oettingen-Wallerstein was twice created; first as a partition of "Oettingen" (modern day town of Oettingen in Bayern) in 1423 which became extinct in 1486 and was inherited by Oettingen-Oettingen, and the second time as a partition of Oettingen-Oettingen in 1557. Oettingen-Oettingen suffered one partition, between itself and Oettingen-Spielberg in 1602. It was raised to a Principality in 1774, mediatised to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1806, and divided with the Kingdom of Württemberg in 1810. At this time, the Principality had a territory of 850 km² with 60.000 inhabitants."Extinct. Inherited by Oettingen-Oettingen"