1999–2000 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
The 1999–2000 South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season was the first on record in which two storms – Leon–Eline and Hudah – struck Mozambique at tropical cyclone intensity, or with maximum sustained winds of at least 120 km/h (75 mph). The most notable storm of the season was Eline, which was the longest-lasting storm on record in the basin. It lasted for 29 days while traversing the southern Indian Ocean, making the strongest landfall in decades along eastern Madagascar in late February. The storm was the first in a series of three storms that struck the country in early 2000, along with Gloria in March and Hudah in April. Collectively, the three storms killed at least 316 people. The season started on November 1, 1999, and ended for most of the basin on April 30, 2000; for Mauritius and the Seychelles, the season continued until May 15. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the basin;
2015–16 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
Moderate Tropical Storm "Emeraude" developed near the eastern periphery of the basin on March 15. With favorable environmental conditions and a good poleward outflow channel, the storm rapidly intensified into a tropical cyclone the next day. The small cyclone tracked slowly toward the west-northwest, continuing to strengthen rapidly. It became an intense tropical cyclone early on March 17, reaching peak sustained wind speeds of 205 km/h (125 mph). Under the influence of a strengthening near equatorial ridge located to its northeast, Emeraude's motion began to slow and turn to the east. The cyclone was quickly affected by increasing wind shear and decreased oceanic heat content induced by its slow movement, resulting in significant weakening. Unable to reach favorable conditions, Emeraude weakened below tropical cyclone intensity by 0600 UTC on March 18, 24 hours after reaching peak intensity. The system briefly weakened into a moderate tropical storm before restrengthening early the next day once it reached warmer waters. Emeraude turned to the south and approached tropical cyclone strength on March 19, but remained a severe tropical storm. Conditions became unfavorable yet again and wind shear increased, pushing convection away from the system's center, allowing for weakening to occur once again. Emeraude ceased to produce gale-force winds and became a tropical depression on March 21. Its remnant low dissipated on March 23 just south of the waters where it had reached peak intensity five days prior.