Dualism (Indian philosophy)
Dualism in Indian philosophy refers to the belief held by certain schools of Indian philosophy that reality is fundamentally composed of two parts. This mainly takes the form of either mind-matter dualism in Buddhist philosophy or consciousness-matter dualism in the Samkhya and Yoga schools of Hindu philosophy. These can be contrasted with mind-body dualism in Western philosophy of mind, but also have similarities with it.
Cartesian materialism
Many philosophers question Dennett's immediate rejection of dualism (dismissing it after only a few pages of argument in "Consciousness Explained"), pointing to a variety of reasons that people often find dualism to be a compelling view (see arguments for dualism).