Anterior cingulate cortex
It appears to play a role in a wide variety of autonomic functions, such as regulating blood pressure and heart rate.
Identity disturbance
One critical system implicated in this line of research involves the cortical midline structures (CMS), which includes the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex, the anterior cingulate cortex, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and the posterior cingulate cortex including the adjacent precuneus. Greater activation in these structures has been found when people made trait judgements about themselves as opposed to others, as well as during a resting state ("see" default mode network) or self-referential activity compared to when involved in a non-self-referential task. In addition to this correlational evidence linking these regions to our self-identity, one study using transcranial magnetic stimulation to transiently disturb neural activity in the medial parietal region of cortex found that this disruption lead to a decreased ability to retrieve previous judgements of oneself compared to the retrieval of previous judgements of others.