Childhood immunizations in the United States
Mumps is a contagious disease caused by the virus by the same name. Since most people in the United States have been vaccinated, mumps is now a rare disease in this country. Currently there are no specific treatments for mumps.
Mumps is spread person to person by droplets of saliva or mucus from the mouth, nose or throat of an infected person. This is done through coughing, sneezing, talking, and coming into contact with contaminate items. Transmission likely occurs before the salivary glands swell an up to 5 days after the swelling begins.
Myrmecia regularis
"M. regularis" is a highly aggressive ant that will pursue any intruder to a distance of 1.8–2.7 metres (2–3 yards) if their nests are disturbed. Their stings are very painful and particularly powerful. In some cases, human victims of "M. regularis" bites have displayed an allergy to the venom. In a 2011 study which investigated the causes of ant sting anaphylaxis in Australia, 265 of the 376 human participants reacted to the sting of several "Myrmecia" species. Of these, nine serum samples taken from patients were IgE positive to the venom of "M. regularis". These ants are both diurnal and nocturnal, foraging on the trunks of "Eucalyptus" trees to feed on sap and nectar, or capturing small insects (such as caterpillars and ants in the genus "Camponotus" or subgenus "Orthocrema"). The larvae are carnivorous and exclusively feed on insects, either consuming small portions of the insect or all of it. Unlike most "Myrmecia" species, trophallaxis takes place among adults or between adults and larvae. All stages of the frog "Metacrinia nichollsi" are known to dwell inside "M. regularis" colonies, where they use several galleries constructed by the ants. The parasitic ant "M. inquilina" may attempt to enter "M. regularis" nests to establish colonies, but "M. inquilina" queens may be seized and killed as soon as the two species come into contact.