Brain tumor
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive (grade IV) and most common form of a malignant brain tumor. Even when aggressive multimodality therapy consisting of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgical excision is used, median survival is only 12–17 months. Standard therapy for glioblastoma multiforme consists of maximal surgical resection of the tumor, followed by radiotherapy between two and four weeks after the surgical procedure to remove the cancer, then by chemotherapy, such as temozolomide. Most patients with glioblastoma take a corticosteroid, typically dexamethasone, during their illness to relieve symptoms. Experimental treatments include targeted therapy, gamma knife radiosurgery, boron neutron capture therapy and gene therapy.
GLIPR1
The previous finding of RTVP1 (GLIPR1) as a p53 target gene with tumor suppressor functions prompted the researches to initiate a genome-wide sequence homology search for RTVP1/GLIPR1-like (GLIPR1L) genes. p53, the tumor suppressor gene is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancer. Mutation in p53 gene can lead to cellular malfunctions such as malignant growth and metsastatis. Human GLIPR1, was initially identified in human glioblastoma and was called as GLIPR1 (glioma pathogenesis-related protein 1) or RTVP1 (related to testes-specific, vespid, and pathogenesis protein 1). Furthermore, it was identified as a marker of myelomocytic differentiation in macrophage. RTVP-1 cluster proteins share significant sequence homology with the members of (PR ) superfamily and CRISP Family proteins.