Rib
Ribs are classed as flat bones which usually have a protective role in the body. Humans have 24 ribs, in 12 pairs. All are attached at the back to the thoracic vertebrae, and are numbered from 1–12 according to the vertebrae they attach to. The first rib is attached to thoracic vertebra 1 (T1). At the front of the body most of the ribs are joined by costal cartilages to the sternum. The ribs connect to the vertebrae with two joints, the costovertebral joints.
Dinocephalosaurus
The trunk of "Dinocephalosaurus" has at least 26 vertebrae. In "Dinocephalosaurus", there appear to be no lumbar vertebrae, or vertebrae of the trunk lacking ribs. The ribs of the sacrum and tail also do not appear to be fused to their corresponding vertebrae. Each of the gastralia in "Dinocephalosaurus" is composed of three elements instead of four as in "Tanystropheus"; they differ in that "Dinocephalosaurus" only has one element on the midline, while "Tanystropheus" has two elements that combine to form a midline bar.