Exponentiation
When it is a positive integer, the exponent indicates how many copies of the base are multiplied together. For example, . The base appears times in the repeated multiplication, because the exponent is . Here, is the "base", is the "exponent", and is the "power" or, more specifically, "3 raised to the 5th power".
Modular exponentiation
The operation of modular exponentiation calculates the remainder when an integer (the base) raised to the th power (the exponent), , is divided by a positive integer (the modulus). In symbols, given base , exponent , and modulus , the modular exponentiation is: . From the definition of , it follows that .