Noin-Ula burial site
Many immigrants lived in the Xiongnu pasturelands, but at first they did not mix with the Xiongnu. To be a Xiongnu, one had to be a member of a clan, born of Xiongnu parents. The newcomers were well off, but were outsiders, and could marry only among themselves, not the Xiongnu. Only later did they intermix, increase in numbers, even created a state that existed from 318 to 350 AD.
Chanyu
Chanyu (; short form for Chengli Gutu Chanyu ()) was the title used by the nomadic supreme rulers of Inner Asia for eight centuries and was superseded by the title ""Khagan"" in 402 CE. The title was used by the ruling Luandi clan of the Xiongnu during the Qin dynasty (221-206 BCE) and Han dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE).
According to "Book of Han", Chēnglí 撐犁 means "heaven", gūtu 孤塗 "son" and chányú 單于 "immense appearance".