Religion in India
Religion in India is characterised by a diversity of religious beliefs and practices. India is a secular state with no state religion. The Indian subcontinent is the birthplace of four of the world's major religions; namely Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. Throughout India's history, religion has been an important part of the country's culture. Religious diversity and religious tolerance are both established in the country by the law and custom; the Constitution of India has declared the right to freedom of religion to be a fundamental right.
Islam in India
India's Constitution and Parliament have protected the rights of Muslims but, under the Bharatiya Janata Party, Modi ministry, there has been a growth in 'climate of fear' and 'targeting of dissenters', affecting the feelings of security and tolerance amongst Indian Muslims.
Considerable controversy exists both in scholarly and public opinion about the conversions to Islam typically represented by the following schools of thought: