Rubulavirus
If not vaccinated against mumps, susceptible individuals catch the disease by breathing around an infected person who has coughed or sneezed, releasing their contaminated saliva. Those who have had mumps are usually immune to future infections of the disease. Children have the highest risk of catching mumps, and it is rare for an adult to contract mumps. The incubation period for mumps can range from a couple weeks to a month, while the illness period is a few weeks. The swelling of the salivary glands is caused when the virus travels from the respiratory tract to the salivary glands and multiplies within the glands, causing the glands to swell.
Myrmecia regularis
"M. regularis" is a highly aggressive ant that will pursue any intruder to a distance of 1.8–2.7 metres (2–3 yards) if their nests are disturbed. Their stings are very painful and particularly powerful. In some cases, human victims of "M. regularis" bites have displayed an allergy to the venom. In a 2011 study which investigated the causes of ant sting anaphylaxis in Australia, 265 of the 376 human participants reacted to the sting of several "Myrmecia" species. Of these, nine serum samples taken from patients were IgE positive to the venom of "M. regularis". These ants are both diurnal and nocturnal, foraging on the trunks of "Eucalyptus" trees to feed on sap and nectar, or capturing small insects (such as caterpillars and ants in the genus "Camponotus" or subgenus "Orthocrema"). The larvae are carnivorous and exclusively feed on insects, either consuming small portions of the insect or all of it. Unlike most "Myrmecia" species, trophallaxis takes place among adults or between adults and larvae. All stages of the frog "Metacrinia nichollsi" are known to dwell inside "M. regularis" colonies, where they use several galleries constructed by the ants. The parasitic ant "M. inquilina" may attempt to enter "M. regularis" nests to establish colonies, but "M. inquilina" queens may be seized and killed as soon as the two species come into contact.