Video game development
The history of game making begins with the development of the first video games, although which video game is the first depends on the definition of "video game". The first games created had little entertainment value, and their development focus was separate from user experience—in fact, these games required mainframe computers to play them. "OXO", written by Alexander S. Douglas in 1952, was the first computer game to use a digital display. In 1958, a game called "Tennis for Two", which displayed its output on an oscilloscope, was made by Willy Higinbotham, a physicist working at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. In 1961, a mainframe computer game called "Spacewar!" was developed by a group of Massachusetts Institute of Technology students led by Steve Russell.
Alan Kotok
Martin Graetz, Stephen Russell and Wayne Wiitanen conceived the computer game "Spacewar!" while working at Harvard University in 1961. Inspired by Marvin Minsky's "Three Position Display" (which they dubbed the "Minskytron"), they had the first version running, with help from their MIT classmates Dan Edwards, Kotok, Stephen D. Piner, Samson and Saunders, by early 1962. Coded by Russell, "Spacewar!" was one of the earliest interactive computer games and is sometimes called the first video game.