Basal-cell carcinoma
Basal-cell cancer is a very common skin cancer. It is much more common in fair-skinned individuals with a family history of basal-cell cancer and increases in incidence closer to the equator or at higher altitude. There are approximately 800,000 new cases yearly in the United States alone. Up to 30% of Caucasians develop basal-cell carcinomas in their lifetime. In Canada, the most common skin cancer is basal-cell carcinoma (as much as one third of all cancer diagnoses), affecting 1 in 7 individuals over a lifetime.
Scrotal ultrasound
Embryonal cell carcinomas, a more aggressive tumor than
seminoma usually occurs in men in their 30s. Although it is the second most common
testicular tumor after seminoma, pure embryonal cell carcinoma is rare and constitutes only
about 3 percent of the nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Most of the cases occur in
combination with other cell types.
At ultrasound, embryonal cell carcinomas are predominantly hypoechoic lesions with ill
defined margins and an inhomogeneous echotexture. Echogenic foci due to hemorrhage,
calcification, or fibrosis are commonly seen. Twenty percent of embryonal cell carcinomas
have cystic components. The tumor may invade into the tunica albuginea
resulting in contour distortion of the testis [Fig. 4].