Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution
As worded, the primary focus of the 22nd Amendment is on limiting individuals twice elected to the presidency from being elected again. Due to this, several issues could be raised regarding the amendment's meaning and application, especially in relation to the 12th Amendment, ratified in 1804, which states, "But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States". While it is clear that under the 12th Amendment the original constitutional qualifications of age, citizenship, and residency apply to both the president and vice president, it is unclear whether someone who is ineligible to be elected president could be elected vice president. Because of this apparent ambiguity, there may be a loophole in the 22nd Amendment whereby a two-term former-president could be elected vice president and then succeed to the presidency as a result of the incumbent's death, resignation, or removal from office (or even succeed to the presidency from some other stated office in the presidential line of succession).
Sam Sloan
On September 29, 2015, Sloan filed with the FEC to run for the Democratic Party presidential candidates, 2016. As a candidate for US President, Sloan attempted to run paid television ads on KCCI, the major TV station in Des Moines Iowa, and WMUR TV, the major TV station in Manchester, New Hampshire. Both of these TV stations are owned by Hearst Television. Sloan ran as an anti-war candidate opposing the US wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Both TV stations refused to run the Sloan paid TV ads on the ground that Sloan had failed to meet his burden to substantiate bona fide candidacy for the Office of the President of the United States under the threshold established by the Communications Act of 1934 and regulations of the Federal Communications Commission. Sloan then sued in the United States District Court for the District of New Hampshire, in Concord, New Hampshire. Sloan also named as a defendant Debbie Wasserman Schultz for allowing only two Democratic Party (United States) Candidates, Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders into the Democratic Party TV Debates thus making it virtually impossible for any other Democratic Party candidate to run. Sloan alleged that Communications Act of 1934 and Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations 47 USC 315 requires federally licensed broadcasters to provide all candidates running for public office equal opportunity to utilize the broadcast station. Judge Paul J. Barbadoro, U.S. District Judge disagreed and found and the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit affirmed that there is no private right of action under this statute and therefore Sloan's case was dismissed. He was only on the New Hampshire ballot and received 15 votes. He lost to Hillary Clinton on July 26, 2016.