Republic of Formosa
The Republic of Formosa (), was a short-lived republic that existed on the island of Taiwan in 1895 between the formal cession of Taiwan by the Qing Dynasty of China to the Empire of Japan by the Treaty of Shimonoseki and it being taken over by Japanese troops. The Republic was proclaimed on 23 May 1895 and extinguished on 21 October, when the Republican capital Tainan was taken over by the Japanese. Though sometimes claimed as the first Asian republic to have been proclaimed, it was predated by the Lanfang Republic in Borneo, established in 1777, as well as by the Republic of Ezo in Japan, established in 1869.
Mount Formosa
Mount Formosa was the Portuguese-British colonial-era name attributed to a group of contiguous hills near Kanhangad, Kerala, India.
The British colonial geographer and historian James Horsburgh has stated that it is approximately located at 12° 22′ N latitude, at a distance of about 9 nautical leagues from Mangalore and about 6 - 6.5 nautical leagues from Mount Dilly.