Well control
Fluid is any substance that flows; e.g. oil, water, gas, and ice are all examples of fluids. Under extreme pressure and temperature almost anything will become fluid.
Fluid exerts pressure and this pressure is as a result of the density and the height of the fluid column. Most oil companies usually represent density measurement in pounds per gallon (ppg) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m) and pressure measurement in pounds per square inch (psi) or bar or pascal (Pa). Pressure increases as the density of the fluid increases.
To find out the amount of pressure a fluid of a known density exerts for each unit of length, the pressure gradient is used.
A pressure gradient is defined as the pressure increase per unit of the depth due to its density and it is usually measured in pounds per square inch per foot or bars per meter.It is expressed mathematically as;
"pressure gradient = fluid density × conversion factor".
The conversion factor used to convert density to pressure is 0.052 in English system and 0.0981 in Metric system.
DM3 density meter
The DM3 weighs media (slurry) as it travels through a metered section of pipe using a patented, high resolution load cell. Using linear, direct sensing of mass per unit volume, measurement system within a reinforced rubber tube. This in-line section of pipe calculates % dry solids, wet density and wet or dry mass flow units. When coupled with compatible volumetric flow meters and processing units, this system gives a true value for density and mass flow. The DM3 is a bi-directional unit which allows media to flow continuously through either ends. "C" Clamps located within the DM3 allows the flow tube to withhold high levels of pressure encountered. The flow tube was designed to focus on the highest amount of accuracy, resolution, and least amount of weight without compromising mechanical stability and reliability. Because of the sensitivity of measurement provided by DM3, each unit must be programmed and calibrated to accommodate the variation in Earth's gravitational force.