Portland Loo
When Portland commissioned the design of the loos, it retained the intellectual property rights to the design, and would receive a royalty from the manufacturer, for each loo it sold. Press reports described this arrangement as a source of funds, for the city.
However, in 2014, a citizen group sued the city, asserting the city had spent over $600,000 to promote the loos, without proper authorization. As a consequence the design was sold to Madden, the manufacturer.
Francis Marion Stokes
Francis Marion Stokes (August 4, 1883 – June 2, 1975) was an American architect famous for his works in the Portland, Oregon, area. Francis and his father William R. Stokes, formed two generations of a Portland design and architectural tradition lasting for over 80 years, from 1882 though the 1960s. The combined design work of the Stokes family had a major impact on the architecture of Portland.