Ischemia
The word "ischemia" () is from Greek ἴσχαιμος "iskhaimos", "staunching blood" from ἴσχω "iskhο", "keep back, restrain" and αἷμα "haima", "blood".
Anemia
The roots of the words "anemia" and "ischemia" both refer to the basic idea of "lack of blood", but anemia and ischemia are not the same thing in modern medical terminology. The word "anemia" used alone implies widespread "effects" from blood that either is too scarce (e.g., blood loss) or is dysfunctional in its oxygen-supplying ability (due to whatever type of hemoglobin or erythrocyte problem). In contrast, the word "ischemia" refers solely to the lack of blood (poor perfusion). Thus ischemia in a body part can cause localized anemic effects within those tissues.