Testicular immunology
Mumps is a viral disease which causes swelling of the salivary glands and testes. The mumps virus lives in the upper respiratory tract and spreads through direct contact with saliva. Prior to widespread vaccination programs, it was a common childhood disease. Mumps is generally not serious in children, but in adults, where sperm have matured in the testis, it can cause more severe complications, such as infertility.
Cucumber mosaic virus
CMV is mainly transmitted by aphids. It can also be spread mechanically by humans. However CMV is less stable than viruses like TMV and therefore is not as easily spread by humans. The virus, as spread by aphids, has an acquisition period of five to ten seconds and an inoculation period of about a minute. However after two minutes the probability of inoculation largely decreases and within two hours is no longer able to be spread by that particular vector. This virus is non persistent and is stylet borne. CMV is carried by 60–80 different species of aphids and can also be transmitted by seed.