When was the Whyte notation introduced?
Whyte notation
The Whyte notation for classifying steam locomotives by wheel arrangement was devised by Frederick Methvan Whyte, and came into use in the early twentieth century following a December 1900 editorial in "American Engineer and Railroad Journal". The notation counts the number of leading wheels, then the number of driving wheels, and finally the number of trailing wheels, groups of numbers being separated by dashes. Other classification schemes, like UIC classification and the French, Turkish and Swiss systems for steam locomotives, count axles rather than wheels.
James Whyte (bishop)
Whyte was born in County Kilkenny, Ireland in 1868. He spent six years (from 1886–1892) in ecclesiastical training for the priesthood at St Kieran's College, Kilkenny. He was ordained a priest in Kilkenny on 3 July 1892.
Yat
Its retention without discussion in the Petrine reform of the Russian alphabet of 1708 indicates that it then still marked a distinct sound in the Moscow "koiné" of the time. By the second half of the 18th century, however, the polymath Lomonosov (c. 1765) noted that the sound of ѣ was scarcely distinguishable from that of the letter е, and a century later (1878) the philologist Grot stated flatly in his standard "Russian orthography" (, , ) that in the common language there was no difference whatsoever between their pronunciations. However, dialectal studies have shown that, in certain regional dialects, a degree of oral distinction is retained even today in syllables once denoted with ѣ.
Shape note
Shape notes in published music date from late 18th century America, notably tune-books written by Boston composer/singing-master William Billings, engraved, printed, and published by Paul Revere. They appeared more widely at the beginning of the nineteenth century, when two publications came out using shaped note heads – "The Easy Instructor" by William Little and William Smith in 1801, and "The Musical Primer" by Andrew Law in 1803, intended for use in singing schools. Little and Smith used the four-shape system shown above. Law's system had slightly different shapes: a square indicated "fa" and a triangle "la", while "sol" and "mi" were the same as in Little and Smith. Law's invention was more radical than Little and Smith's in that he dispensed with the use of the staff altogether, letting the shapes be the sole means of expressing pitch. Little and Smith followed traditional music notation in placing the note heads on the staff, in place of the ordinary oval note heads. In the end, it was the Little/Smith system that won out, and there is no hymnbook used today that employs the Law system.
Some copies of "The Easy Instructor, Part II" (1803) included a statement, on the verso of the title page, in which John Connelly (whose name is given in other sources as Conly, Connolly, and Coloney) grants permission to Little and Smith to make use in their publications of the shape notes to which he claimed the rights. Little and Smith did not themselves claim credit for the invention, but said instead that the notes were invented around 1790 by John Connelly of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Andrew Law asserted that he was the inventor of shape notes.
Question mark
The rhetorical question mark or percontation point was invented by Henry Denham in the 1580s and was used at the end of a rhetorical question; however, its use died out in the 17th century. It was later revived in modern-day society by Matt DiRoberto. It was the reverse of an ordinary question mark, so that instead of the main opening pointing back into the sentence, it opened away from it. This character can be represented using the reversed question mark (⸮) found in Unicode as U+2E2E. The percontation point is analogous to the irony mark, but those are even more rarely seen.
William Pinkney Whyte
From 1847 to 1849, Whyte served one term as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates. In 1850, Whyte was unsuccessful in a bid for election to the 32nd Congress. From 1853-1855, he served one term as Comptroller of the State Treasury of Maryland, for which he was credited for introducing a more simplified financial system to the State.
Alain Whyte
"Southpaw Grammar" (1995)
Whyte &amp; Mackay
Charles Mackay (1850-1919) and James Whyte founded a company as whisky merchants and bonded warehousemen in Glasgow in 1882. W&M Special was their first blended whisky and it was successful in the United Kingdom and other English speaking countries. After World War II the company focused on the home market and now sell more than 1 million cases a year.
History of mathematical notation
Matrix notation would be more fully developed by Arthur Cayley in his three papers, on subjects which had been suggested by reading the Mécanique analytique of Lagrange and some of the works of Laplace. Cayley defined matrix multiplication and matrix inverses. Cayley used a single letter to denote a matrix, thus treating a matrix as an aggregate object. He also realized the connection between matrices and determinants, and wrote ""There would be many things to say about this theory of matrices which should, it seems to me, precede the theory of determinants"".
William Rowan Hamilton would introduce the nabla symbol for vector differentials. This was previously used by Hamilton as a general-purpose operator sign. Hamilton reformulated Newtonian mechanics, now called Hamiltonian mechanics. This work has proven central to the modern study of classical field theories such as electromagnetism. This was also important to the development of quantum mechanics. In mathematics, he is perhaps best known as the inventor of quaternion notation and biquaternions. Hamilton also introduced the word "tensor" in 1846. James Cockle would develop the tessarines and, in 1849, coquaternions. In 1848, James Joseph Sylvester introduced into matrix algebra the term matrix.
Just intonation
Originally a system of notation to describe scales was devised by Hauptmann and modified by Helmholtz (1877) in which Pythagorean notes are started with and subscript numbers are added indicating how many commas (81:80, syntonic comma) to lower by. For example, the Pythagorean major third on C is C+E () while the just major third is C+E (). A similar system was devised by Carl Eitz and used in Barbour (1951) in which Pythagorean notes are started with and positive or negative superscript numbers are added indicating how many commas (81:80, syntonic comma) to adjust by. For example, the Pythagorean major third on C is C-E while the just major third is C-E.
Mary Whyte
Mary Whyte (born 1953 in Cleveland, Ohio) is an American watercolor artist, a traditionalist preferring a representational style, and the author of six published books, who has earned awards for her large-scale watercolors. In 2016, the Portrait Society of America chose Whyte as the 2016 recipient of the Society’s Gold Medal, their highest honor. In 2013, Whyte was awarded by the state of South Carolina, as the recipient of the South Carolina Arts Commission’s Elizabeth O'Neill Verner Governor’s Award for the Arts; the highest honor given to an artist in South Carolina.
Chris Whyte
Birmingham City
James Whyte (bishop)
Whyte celebrated his diamond jubilee in 1952, while his silver jubilee as a bishop was marked in December, 1945, by ceremonies of an entirely religious nature. In January 1943 Hugh John O'Neill was appointed as Coadjutor Bishop of Dunedin, but ill health forced his resignation in 1946. In 1949 John Patrick Kavanagh was appointed as Apostolic Administrator "sede plena" and coadjutor with the right of succession.
Arabic alphabet
Later still, vowel marks and the ' were introduced, beginning some time in the latter half of the 7th century, preceding the first invention of Syriac and Hebrew vocalization. Initially, this was done by a system of red dots, said to have been commissioned in the Umayyad era by Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali a dot above = ', a dot below = ', a dot on the line = ', and doubled dots indicated nunation. However, this was cumbersome and easily confusable with the letter-distinguishing dots, so about 100 years later, the modern system was adopted. The system was finalized around 786 by ".
Whyte notation
Simpler articulated types such as Mallets, have a jointed frame under a common boiler where there are no unpowered wheels between the sets of powered wheels. Typically, the forward frame is free to swing, whereas the rear frame is rigid with the boiler. Thus a Union Pacific Big Boy is a 4-8-8-4; four leading wheels, one group of eight driving wheels, another group of eight driving wheels, and then four trailing wheels.
0-4-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, represents one of the simplest possible types, that with two axles and four coupled wheels, all of which are driven. The wheels on the earliest four-coupled locomotives were connected by a single gear wheel, but from 1825 the wheels were usually connected with coupling rods to form a single driven set.
John Whyte (politician)
John Whyte (January 4, 1838 – September 16, 1924) was a Scottish-born merchant and political figure in Quebec. He represented Mégantic in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1884 to 1886 as a Liberal.
Alain Whyte
2011
Wheel arrangement
The main notations are the Whyte notation (based on counting the wheels), the AAR wheel arrangement notation (based on counting either the axles or the bogies), and the UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements (based on counting either the axles or the bogies).
William Foote Whyte
Whyte, from an upper-middle-class background, showed an early interest in writing, economics and social reform. After graduating from Swarthmore College, he was selected for the Junior Fellows program, where his landmark research was done. After his research in Boston, he entered the sociology doctoral program at the University of Chicago. "Street Corner Society" was published by the University of Chicago Press in 1943. He spent a year teaching at the University of Oklahoma, but developed polio in 1943 and spent two years in physical therapy at the Warm Springs Foundation. Rehabilitation was only partially successful; Whyte walked with a cane for the rest of his life, and used two arm crutches in his later years.
Alain Whyte
2013
John B. Whyte
He co-founded The Pines Conservation Society in 1970. In 1984, he founded "From the Pines With Love" which recruited celebrities to perform at fundraisers for AIDS research. In 2002, the Fire Island Pines Community House was named Whyte Hall. Shortly before his death in 2004, Whyte sold his Fire Island Pines properties. Funded largely by his estate, a completely reconstructed Whyte Hall was completed during 2007.
Alain Whyte
2015
James A. Whyte
After his ordination in 1945 he spent three years as a chaplain to the first battalion of the Scots Guards, and then served as a parish minister at Dunollie Road Church in Oban (inducted 1948) and Mayfield North in Edinburgh (1954). In 1958 he was appointed Professor of Practical theology and Christian ethics at St Mary's College, the divinity faculty of the University of St Andrews and was Principal of St Mary's 1978-1982. His academic work focused mainly on the study of pastoral theology, liturgy and ecclesiastical architecture. He served as convenor of the General Assembly's Inter-Church Relations Committee. After his retirement from the University in 1987, he became Associate Minister of Hope Park, St Andrews. He was moderator of the 1988 General Assembly. In 1942 Whyte married his first wife Elisabeth Mill who died during his moderatorial year. He was survived by his second wife, primary school teacher Ishbel (née MacAuley) and the daughter and two sons of his first marriage.
Robert Whyte
In 1976 he was awarded a One Year Young Writer's Fellowship by the Literature Board of the Australia Council for the Arts. In 1978 Planet Press, Brisbane, published the 64-page "Negative Thinking", a book of short prose pieces and drawings with additional poems by co-author Peter Anderson.
George Whyte (footballer)
Whyte was born in Cowdenbeath, Fife, Scotland, and played in the Scottish Football League for Dunfermline Athletic. He moved south to play for Welsh club Rhyl Athletic and then signed for Third Division North club Accrington Stanley. He made his debut in the 1929–30 Football League season, and went on to make 73 league appearances, scoring 15 goals, before he and Stanley teammate Harold Riley joined fellow Northern Section club Lincoln City in the 1931 close season. According to a season preview in the "Daily Express", Whyte was "expected to be a useful substitute" for Walter Lax, who had been transferred to Blackpool for a "substantial sum".
Knuth's up-arrow notation
In mathematics, Knuth's up-arrow notation is a method of notation for very large integers, introduced by Donald Knuth in 1976. It is closely related to the Ackermann function and especially to the hyperoperation sequence. The idea is based on the fact that multiplication can be viewed as iterated addition and exponentiation as iterated multiplication. Continuing in this manner leads to tetration (iterated exponentiation) and to the remainder of the hyperoperation sequence, which is commonly denoted using Knuth arrow notation. This notation allows for a simple description of numbers far larger than can be explicitly written out.
Alain Whyte
2012
Graham Whyte
Graham Keith Whyte (born 29 March 1952) was a Queensland cricketer in the 1970s and 1980s. He was primarily an off-spinner although also a useful lower-order batsman. During World Series Cricket Whyte was occasionally spoken of as a possible Test candidate.
Wayte Raymond
Wayte Raymond (1886–1956) was a numismatist from the United States. He authored several numismatic books and catalogs and his "Standard Catalog" was considered the premier coin guide of its time. He was inducted into the Numismatic Hall of Fame in 1969. He is perhaps best known for his "boards" or albums designed to hold sets of coin series; for example, collectors could store the complete run of Flying Eagle and Indian Cent regular issues in a single cardboard page with sliding plastic windows containing 70 slots for each date 1857–1909 and a couple notable varieties, such as the 1858 large- and small-letter varieties. These are the inception of millions of albums produced today for collectors.
James Whyte (Australian politician)
Having failed to win a seat in 1854, Whyte was elected to the Legislative Council for Pembroke in 1856. After serving briefly as a minister under the premiership of Thomas Gregson and serving as chairman of several council committees, he became premier and colonial secretary on 20 January 1863. His government engaged in road and rail development, in public service reform, and in fiscal reform including an unpopular proposal for a property and income tax which was to cause its downfall in November 1866. In 1869-70 he was involved in framing laws to prevent the spread of scab disease in sheep, and was chief inspector of sheep from 1870 until 1882. He continued as an active member of committees until 1875, retiring from parliament in 1876.
Whyte notation
The main limitation of Whyte Notation is that it does not cover non-standard types such as Shay locomotives, which use geared trucks rather than driving wheels. The most commonly used system in Europe outside the United Kingdom is UIC classification, based on German practice, which can define the exact layout of a locomotive.
David Whyte
David Whyte (20 April 1971 – 9 September 2014) was an English professional footballer who played as a striker.
Yotta-
Yotta is the largest decimal unit prefix in the metric system, denoting a factor of 10 or ; that is, one million million million million, or one septillion. It has the unit symbol Y. The prefix name is derived from the Ancient Greek (), meaning "eight", because it is equal to 1,000. It was added as an SI prefix to the International System of Units (SI) in 1991.
4-6-4
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of locomotives, represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels and four trailing wheels. In France where the type was first used, it is known as the Baltic while it became known as the Hudson in most of North America.
Graham Whyte
Whyte made his first class debut in 1974–75. He took 6-65 against WA in 1976–77.
Christopher Whyte
Whyte was born in Glasgow (Scotland) in October 1952, educated there by Jesuits at St Aloysius College, and took the English studies tripos at Pembroke College, Cambridge between 1970 and 1973. He spent most of the next 12 years in Italy, teaching under Agostino Lombardo in the Department of English and American Studies at Rome's La Sapienza university from 1977 to 1985.
Arthur Whyte
Arthur Mornington Whyte (12 March 1921 – 15 December 2014) was a politician in the State of South Australia.
Alain Whyte
2009
Ronald Whyte
On July 26, 1991, President George H. W. Bush nominated Whyte to new seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of California created by 104 Stat. 5089. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 6, 1992, and received his commission on March 2, 1992. He assumed senior status on March 2, 2009. He assumed inactive status on November 1, 2016.
Beauchamp-Feuillet notation
Beauchamp–Feuillet notation is a system of dance notation used in Baroque dance.
The notation was commissioned by Louis XIV (who had founded the Académie Royale de Danse in 1661), and devised in the 1680s by Pierre Beauchamp. The notation system was first described in detail in 1700 by Raoul-Auger Feuillet in "Chorégraphie". Feuillet also then began a programme of publishing complete notated dances. It was used to record dances for the stage and domestic use throughout the eighteenth century, being modified by Pierre Rameau in 1725, and surviving into at least the 1780s in various modified forms.
John Whyte (pastoralist)
John Whyte (1826 – 16 February 1902) was a pastoralist and businessman in the early years of South Australia. He was born in Kinross, Scotland. He was a partner with James Counsell in the grocery wholesaler and Murray paddle steamer firm "Whyte, Counsell & Co." (until 1884) as well as owner of significant sheep runs. He married the widow Louisa Heath, a sister of James Counsell, on 18 May 1854.
Sonnet
When English sonnets were introduced by Thomas Wyatt (1503–1542) in the early 16th century, his sonnets and those of his contemporary the Earl of Surrey were chiefly translations from the Italian of Petrarch and the French of Ronsard and others. While Wyatt introduced the sonnet into English, it was Surrey who developed the rhyme scheme – ABAB CDCD EFEF GG – which now characterizes the English sonnet. Having previously circulated in manuscripts only, both poets' sonnets were first published in Richard Tottel's "Songes and Sonnetts," better known as "Tottel's Miscellany" (1557).
Musical note
Though it is not known whether this was his devising or common usage at the time, this is nonetheless called "Boethian notation". Although Boethius is the first author known to use this nomenclature in the literature, Ptolemy wrote of the two-octave range five centuries before, calling it the "perfect system" or "complete system" – as opposed to other, smaller-range note systems that did not contain all possible species of octave (i.e., the seven octaves starting from A, B, C, D, E, F, and G).
Lute song
In England the lute song was usually called an “Ayre,” possibly borrowed from the French word, ‘air.’ The first written record of the lute songs or ayres was written and composed by John Dowland in 1597 called, “First book of Songes or Ayres.” This is considered the beginning of the popularity of the lute songs, that set the standard for other composer’s songbooks of English Ayres. The music was printed on the page,so that when placed in the center of a table it could be read by the performers around the table. John Dowland's ayres, like other composers, used music from dance forms; such as Pavans, galliards and jigs, for the melody. Philip Rosseter, Court Musician, composer and theatrical manager, published a collection in 1601, “A Book of Ayres,” with composer and poet Thomas Campion. The compositions were short, homophonic songs with minimal phrase repetition with their own lyrics. The last book published was by John Attay in 1622, called “First Book of Ayres.” The format of these songbooks was intended to be performed with a solo voice and an accompaniment, but some did include variations for multiple voices and additional instruments. It is possible that lute songs were composed before these books were published, but the written record of such songs starts with John Dowland.The consort song, popular during the reign of Henry the VIII, leads to some consideration that the lute songs were composed prior to 1597. Other composers of Lute songs during this time include; John Danyel, Robert Jones, Pilkington and Alfonso Ferrabosco.
InScript keyboard
The first InScript keyboard was standardized in 1986 under the auspices of the DOE (Department of Electronics at the Ministry of Communications & Information Technology). It was subsequently revised in 1988 by a DOE committee and modifications were made to accommodate nukta extended keys as well as to add certain matras. The last revision to the BIS document was made in 1992, after which the document has not undergone any revision. This was partly because very few new characters were added to the ISCII code-set and these if at all were handled by extending and generating the character by the use of the nukta. The BIS document specifically mentions such characters. Hence the InScript keyboards were felt to be self-sufficient. With the advent of Unicode, a few new characters were added to each code-page; characters for which the BIS document had not made any provision. In addition Unicode introduced the concept of ZWJ and ZWNJ, as well as that of normalization.
The Whetstone of Witte
The Whetstone of Witte is the shortened title of Robert Recorde's mathematics book published in 1557, the full title being "The whetstone of witte, whiche is the seconde parte of Arithmetike: containyng thextraction of Rootes: The "Coßike" practise, with the rule of "Equation": and the woorkes of "Surde Nombers. The book covers topics including whole numbers, the extraction of roots and irrational numbers. The work is notable for containing the first recorded use of the equals sign and also for being the first book in English to use the plus and minus signs.
Anthony Whyte
Augustus Publishing
Rosemarie Whyte
400–50.05
200–22.74
Anthony Whyte
Wikipedia,
Quasi-quotation
Quasi-quotation or Quine quotation is a linguistic device in formal languages that facilitates rigorous and terse formulation of general rules about linguistic expressions while properly observing the use–mention distinction. It was introduced by the philosopher and logician Willard van Orman Quine in his book "Mathematical Logic", originally published in 1940. Put simply, quasi-quotation enables one to introduce symbols that "stand for" a linguistic expression in a given instance and are "used as" that linguistic expression in a different instance.
Northern Pacific Railway locomotives
Below is a table of information for the Northern Pacific Railway’s steam roster with a symbol, Whyte notation, common name and notes. (The notes were compiled by Richard Boyland and Wes Barris and first posted May 30, 1991, to the electronic newsgroup "rec.railroad".) Included is a breakdown of the Northern Pacific classes, along with the date of their first construction (when known), builder, and road numbers.
Frederick Whyte
He was appointed the first President of the Central Legislative Assembly in India (1920–25). He then took on ambassadorial roles; as political advisor to the National Government of China (1929–32), Director General of the English-Speaking Union (1938), and Head of the American division of the Ministry of Information (1939–40).
Frederick Methvan Whyte
Education: Franklin Academy, 1889.
Entered railway service May 1, 1889, since when he was consecutively to January 1, 1890, draftsman, Motive Power Department, Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway; January 1, 1889, to February 1, 1892, Testing Department and Drawing Room, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad at Baltimore, Maryland; February 1, 1892, to June 1892, special testing work, Mexican Central Railroad, Mexico City; June 1892, to December 1894, general railroad engineering in Chicago, chiefly with Chicago and South Side Rapid Transit Railroad and in railway newspaper work; July 1895, to September 1896, draftsman, Northwestern Elevated Railroad, Chicago; July 1, 1897, consulting engineer, Chicago; July 1, 1897, to August 10, 1899, mechanical engineer, Chicago and North Western Railway and secretary, Western Railway Club; August 15, 1899, to November 1, 1904, mechanical engineer, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad; November 1, 1904, to 1910, general mechanical engineer, same road; Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, Boston and Albany Railroad, Lake Erie and Western Railroad, and Indiana, Illinois and Iowa Railroad; September 15, 1905, to 1910, also general mechanical engineer Rutland Railroad; November 1, 1911, to 1913, vice-president, Hutchins Car Roofing.
William H. Whyte
While working with the New York City Planning Commission in 1969, Whyte began to use direct observation to describe behavior in urban settings. With research assistants wielding still cameras, movie cameras, and notebooks, Whyte described the substance of urban public life in an objective and measurable way.
Propositional formula
Although a propositional calculus originated with Aristotle, the notion of an "algebra" applied to propositions had to wait until the early 19th century. In an (adverse) reaction to the 2000 year tradition of Aristotle's syllogisms, John Locke's "Essay concerning human understanding (1690)" used the word semiotics (theory of the use of symbols). By 1826 Richard Whately had critically analyzed the syllogistic logic with a sympathy toward Locke's semiotics. George Bentham's work (1827) resulted in the notion of "quantification of the predicate" (1827) (nowadays symbolized as ∀ ≡ "for all"). A "row" instigated by William Hamilton over a priority dispute with Augustus De Morgan "inspired George Boole to write up his ideas on logic, and to publish them as MAL [Mathematical Analysis of Logic] in 1847" (Grattin-Guinness and Bornet 1997:xxviii).
Ian Whyte (conductor)
Ian Whyte (13 August 1901 – 27 March 1960) was a Scottish conductor and composer, and founder of the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra.
Lycodonomorphus
The specific name, "whytii", is in honor of British naturalist Alexander Whyte (1834–1908), who worked in Nyasaland (now Malawi) from 1891 to 1897.
George Whyte
George R. Whyte (born 11 July 1933 in Budapest; died 31 August 2012 in London) was an author, composer, dramatist and art collector. His early education was at Highgate Junior School. A British national of Hungarian Jewish extraction, the Holocaust and the loss of many members of his family in Auschwitz have influenced his creative works which have increasingly focused on the struggle against social injustices especially racism.
Timeline of United States inventions (before 1890)
QWERTY is the most used modern-day keyboard layout on English-language computer and typewriter keyboards. It takes its name from the first six characters seen in the far left of the keyboard's top row of letters. The QWERTY design was invented and patented by Christopher Sholes in 1874.
Yat
The spelling reform was finally promulgated by the Provisional Government in the summer of 1917. It appears not to have been taken seriously under the prevailing conditions, and two further decrees by the Soviet government in December 1917 and in 1918 were required. Orthography thus became an issue of politics, and the letter "yat", a primary symbol. Émigré Russians generally adhered to the old spelling until after World War II; long and impassioned essays were written in its defense, as by Ilyin in c. 1952. Even in the Soviet Union, it is said that some printing shops continued to use the eliminated letters until their blocks of type were forcibly removed; certainly, the Academy of Sciences published its annals in the old orthography until approximately 1924, and the Russian Orthodox Church, when printing its calendar for 1922, for the first time in the new orthography, included a note that it was doing so as a condition of receiving a license for impression. To the builders of the new regime, conversely, the new spelling visibly denoted the shining world of the future, and marked on paper the break with the old. The large-scale campaign for literacy in the early years of the Soviet government was, of course, conducted in accordance with the new norms.
Ronald Whyte
Born in Pomona, California, Whyte earned an Artium Baccalaureus degree in Mathematics from Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut in 1964, and a Juris Doctor from the USC Gould School of Law in Los Angeles, California in 1967. Whyte was in private practice from 1967 to 1968 in Claremont, California. He then served as a Lieutenant in the United States Navy from 1968 to 1971 as part of the Judge Advocate General Corps. He returned to private practice from 1971 to 1989, working at Hoge, Fenton, Jones & Appel Inc. in San Jose, California. In 1989, Governor George Deukmejian appointed him a Santa Clara County Superior Court Judge.
Laryngeal theory
This changed when Hittite was discovered and deciphered in the early 20th century. Hittite had a sound or sounds written with symbols from the Akkadian syllabary conventionally transcribed as ', as in ' "I put, am putting". This consonant did not appear to be clearly related to any of the consonants then reconstructed for PIE, and various unsatisfactory proposals were made to explain this consonant in terms of the PIE consonant system as it had then been reconstructed. It remained for Jerzy Kuryłowicz ("Études indoeuropéennes I," 1935) to propose that these sounds lined up with Saussure's conjectures. He suggested that the unknown consonant of Hittite was in fact a direct reflex of the "coefficients sonantiques" that Saussure had proposed.
Christopher Whyte
In the late 1990s, Whyte increasingly spoke out against the pressure from magazine editors and publishers to produce his own English versions of the poems he was writing in Gaelic. He articulated his position in the polemical essay 'Against Self-Translation', the substance of a talk delivered in Reykjavik in December 2001 and published in Translation and Literature in 2002. This was his major contribution to one of the liveliest debates concerning Gaelic writing over the last two decades. The younger Gaelic poet Niall O'Gallagher subsequently emerged as the principal translator of Whyte's poetry into both English and Scots.
Frederick Whyte
Whyte attended Edinburgh Academy and read modern languages at Jena University and at Edinburgh University, graduating with a first class. During this time he was President of Edinburgh University Union, and after graduation was warden of the Edinburgh University Settlement in 1907–8.
Rowland Whyte
Rowland Whyte (died after 1626) was an Elizabethan official and businessman, whose letters provide important evidence about the latter stages of the life of Queen Elizabeth I and the transition to the rule of James I. The letters were first published in 1746 as "Letters and Memorials of State", edited by Arthur Collins.
Whyte Museum
The Whyte Museum's Archives & Library was established in 1966 to serve the unique mountain regions of Western Canada. The Archives & Library has various collections available, and holds the records and archival materials of the Alpine Club of Canada.
Jardine Whyte
Whyte set up his own company, Jardine Whyte & Co Ltd, but it was wound up in 1940. Whyte died in Edinburgh in 1954.
Graphic notation (music)
Graphic notation first appeared in the 1950s as an evolution of movement of Indeterminacy as pioneered by John Cage. The technique was originally used by avant-garde musicians and manifested itself as the use of symbols to convey information that could not be rendered with traditional notation such as extended techniques. Graphic scores have, since their conception, evolved into two broadly defined categories, one being the invention of new notation systems used to convey specific musical techniques and the other the use conceptual notation such as shapes, drawings and other artistic techniques that are meant to evoke improvisation from the performer. Examples of the former include Feldman's "Projection" and Stockhausen's "Prozession". Examples of the latter include Earle Brown's "December 1952" and Cardew's "Treatise", which was written in response to Cage's "4'33"" and which he wrote after having worked as Stockhausen's assistant. The score consists of 193 of lines and rectangles on a white background where. Here the lines represented elements in space and the score was merely a representation of that space at a given instant. In Europe, one of the most notable users was Sylvano Bussotti, whose score were even often displayed as pieces visual art by enthusiasts. In 1969, in an effort to promote the movement of abstract notation, John Cage and Allison Knowles published an archive of excerpts of scores by 269 composers with the intention of showing "the many directions in which notation is now going".
Jamie Whyte
Since 2004, Whyte has written books for general audiences and newspaper columns, aiming to expose shoddy reasoning, especially by politicians. In 2006 he won the Reason Foundation Bastiat Prize for journalism (jointly with Tim Harford of the "Financial Times") and in 2010 he was named runner up. In June 2014, Whyte won the Institute of Economic Affairs Arthur Seldon Memorial Award for Excellence for "Quack Policy".
John Whyte (pastoralist)
In 1877, Whyte had held a total of 21 pastoral leases covering a total of (not all at the same time). He grazed up to 61,783 sheep in addition to some cattle.
The town of Whyte Yarcowie is named in part in honour of John Whyte.
George Whyte (footballer)
Whyte made his debut in the first match of 1931–32 and played in every match that season as Lincoln won the Northern Section title and promotion to the Second Division. Originally an outside left, he was converted to play at left half in the following season. Whyte set a club record of 183 consecutive appearances in league matches, between March 1934 and September 1938. He left Lincoln at the end of the 1938–39 season, having made 322 appearances in all first-team competitions, a total that at the time was the third-highest in the club's history.
Chris Whyte
Whyte returned to the top flight in 1990, when he was signed for £450,000 by Howard Wilkinson's Leeds United. He was nearly ever-present for the next three seasons, putting in 146 appearances as Leeds won the 1991–92 First Division title. In 1993, he moved to Birmingham City, winning the 1994–95 Second Division title with the Blues. After a brief spell at Coventry City on loan, Whyte left Birmingham in 1996, and subsequently played for Charlton Athletic, Leyton Orient, Oxford United and Rushden & Diamonds.
Typewriter
The 1874 Sholes & Glidden typewriters established the "QWERTY" layout for the letter keys. During the period in which Sholes and his colleagues were experimenting with this invention, other keyboard arrangements were apparently tried, but these are poorly documented. The QWERTY layout of keys has become the de facto standard for English-language typewriter and computer keyboards. Other languages written in the Latin alphabet sometimes use variants of the QWERTY layouts, such as the French AZERTY, the Italian QZERTY and the German QWERTZ layouts.
Wirth syntax notation
We take these concepts for granted today, but they
were novel and even controversial in 1977. Wirth later incorporated some
of the concepts (with a different syntax and notation) into extended Backus–Naur form.
Ron Whyte
Whyte's first major theatrical production was the play-with-music or musical "Horatio", based on the life and stories of Horatio Alger, with music by Broadway composer Mel Marvin. "Horatio" was produced at the Loretto-Hilton Theatre in St. Louis, Missouri, 1970; Arena Stage in Washington, D.C., 1974, and the American Conservatory Theatre in San Francisco, 1976.
Malcolm Whyte
Whyte founded Troubador Press in 1959 as a job printer and designer/printer of greetings cards. In 1967 the press published its first book, "The Fat Cat Coloring & Limerick Book" with art by Donna Sloan and verses by Whyte.
William Whyte (historian)
Born in 1975, William Hadden Whyte is the son of Bill and Marian Whyte. He went up to the University of Oxford, where he completed his undergraduate studies at Wadham College (matriculating in 1994); in his third and final year, he completed his undergraduate thesis on the Victorian architect T. G. Jackson, who carried out substantial work at the college (Whyte later told "The Oxford Mail" that he was inspired by Jackson's portrait in Wadham's hall). Whyte came second in his year for his undergraduate degree in 1997 (placing him "proxime accessit" for the Gibbs Prize in History) and was jointly awarded the University's Arnold Modern History Prize. Whyte then completed a Master of Studies (MSt) degree in 1998, and a Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) degree at the University of Oxford; his doctorate was awarded in 2002 for his thesis entitled "Oxford Jackson: architecture, education, status and style, 1835–1924".
George Whyte
His latest creation 'Golem 13' was the cultural highlight of the Czech Presidency of the European Union (June 2009). It was premiered at the National Theatre of Prague and commemorated the 400th anniversary of the death of Rabbi Loew, the Maharal, credited with the creation of the Golem of Prague to defend the Jews of the Ghetto. In Golem 13, a Kabbalistic Drama in 2 Acts, (set to music by Noam Sheriff), Whyte dares a balancing act between the past and the future. The first act takes place in the 16th century, the second act, in the future, 500 years later, when the Jewish people, threatened once again, create Golem 13 for their protection. In this visionary work, there appears on the operatic stage, for the first time, a superhuman being composed of Kabbalistic spirituality and advanced technology, to be of eventual significance to all of mankind.
Whyte (surname)
Whyte is a surname and an older English spelling of White, and may refer to:
The Santa Clarita Valley Signal
Tim Whyte, who had worked with Budman as the "Signal" general manager until 2007, returned as editor-in-chief in 2018. Whyte writes all the editorials for the daily. In 2018, along with the five-day edition, the "Signal" began to publish a new Sunday magazine with free distribution to 75,000 households, featuring a "bylined column" entitled "Black and Whyte" by Whyte.
Arthur Whyte
He lived at "Yeltana", Kimba and was a Justice of the Peace. He died at the age of 93 on 15 December 2014.
He married Mary ca. June 1944; their children were Caroline, Annette Patricia (6 September 1951 – ), Martin and Nola.
John Henry Whyte
At Queen's Whyte was to spend seventeen years as lecturer and reader, and from 1982 Professor of Irish Politics during which he sought to bring together political scientists from across the Island and develop an All-Ireland political science fellowship. From 1973 to 1974 he worked at as a research fellow at Harvard's Centre for International Affairs, and in 1975 he helped lead a team of researchers investigating the Northern Ireland conflict, then at its height. He also worked as research fellow at the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Studies during the late 1970s and was elected Member of the Royal Irish Academy in 1977, serving as Vice-President from 1989 to 1990.
Burmese kyat
In 1952, the Union Bank of Burma formed a Currency Board which took over control of the issuing of currency and a more important change to the currency was the introduction of the decimal system in which 1 kyat was decimalised into 100 pyas. On 12 February 1958, the Union Bank of Burma introduced the first kyat notes, in denominations of 1, 5, 10 and 100 kyats. These were very similar in design to the last series of rupee notes, issued earlier. Later on, 21 August 1958, 20 and 50 kyats notes were introduced. The 50 and 100 kyat notes were demonetised on 15 May 1964. This was the first of several demonetisations, ostensibly carried out with the aim of fighting black marketeering.
American Sign Language
SignWriting, proposed in 1974 by Valerie Sutton, is the first writing system to gain use among the public and the first writing system for sign languages to be included in the Unicode Standard. SignWriting consists of more than 5000 distinct iconic graphs/glyphs. Currently, it is in use in many schools for the Deaf, particularly in Brazil, and has been used in International Sign forums with speakers and researchers in more than 40 countries, including Brazil, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Slovenia, Tunisia, and the United States. Sutton SignWriting has both a printed and an electronically produced form so that persons can use the system anywhere that oral languages are written (personal letters, newspapers, and media, academic research). The systematic examination of the International Sign Writing Alphabet (ISWA) as an equivalent usage structure to the International Phonetic Alphabet for spoken languages has been proposed. According to some researchers, SignWriting is not a phonemic orthography and does not have a one-to-one map from phonological forms to written forms. This assertion has been disputed and the process for each country to look at the ISWA and create a phonemic/morphemic assignment of features of each sign language was proposed by researchers Msc. Roberto Cesar Reis da Costa and Madson Barreto in a thesis forum on June 23, 2014. The SignWriting community has an open project on Wikimedia Labs to support the various Wikimedia projects on Wikimedia Incubator and elsewhere involving SignWriting. The ASL Wikipedia request was marked as eligible in 2008 and the test ASL Wikipedia has 50 articles written in ASL using SignWriting.
Arthur Whyte
He was awarded the AM in 1987.
Christopher Whyte
Whyte's first collection of original poetry, "Uirsgeul/Myth", in Gaelic with the author's facing English translations, was joint winner of a Saltire Award when published by Gairm in 1991. "We may expect substantial original work from his pen," announced Derick Thomson, in the second edition of his Introduction to Gaelic Poetry. "An Tràth Duilich" (Callander, Diehard Press 2002) is a Gaelic-only collection, containing a pivotal sequence about an urban adolescence troubled by religious and sexual guilt, and a dramatic cantata focusing on the Fontana Maggiore in Perugia, constructed by sculptors Nicola and Giovanni Pisano in 1277-1278. "Dealbh Athar" (Dublin, Coiscéim 2009) offers forthright treatment of the poet's sexual abuse by his father, its consequences, and the attendant family circumstances, with translations into Irish by Gréagóir Ó Dúill.
UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements
The most common wheel arrangements in modern locomotives are Bo′Bo′ and Co′Co′.Standard practice in the United Kingdom was to use the Whyte notation for steam locomotives. During World War 2, the Southern Railway used a system modified from the UIC method: Oliver Bulleid, the Chief Mechanical Engineer, numbered the first nineteen of his 4-6-2 "Merchant Navy" class Pacifics 21C1 to 21C19, and the first seventy of his 4-6-2 "West Country and Battle of Britain" class Light Pacifics 21C101 to 21C170, referring to leading axles, trailing axles and powered axles (cf. UIC classification 2′C1′, Whyte 4-6-2). Also, all forty of Bullied's "Austerity" 0-6-0 "Q1" class were similarly numbered C1 to C40, and his two electric locomotives (later British Rail Class 70) were numbered CC1 and CC2 (UIC classification Co′Co′, Commonwealth Co-Co).
Burmese kyat
In 1972, the Union of Burma Bank took over note issuance, with notes introduced between 1972 and 1979 for 1, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 kyats. The notes were printed by the Security Printing Works in Wazi, Upper Burma (established c. 1972) under the technical direction of the German printing firm Giesecke & Devrient.
0-6-4
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and four trailing wheels on two axles.
The 0-6-4 wheel arrangement appears to have only been used on tank engines and Single Fairlies. The earliest known example was the Moel Tryfan narrow gauge locomotive, built for use on the North Wales Narrow Gauge Railways. It was a Single Fairlie type, built by the Vulcan Foundry near Manchester in 1875. It was followed by the R class and S class, built by the Avonside Engine Company of England for the New Zealand Railways Department between 1878 and 1881.
Malcolm Whyte
Troubador incorporated in 1970, ceased greeting card manufacturing and became a full-time book publisher, producing scores of critically acclaimed educational books for children (game books, activity books, elaborate color-and-story books), specialty cookbooks ("Complete Yogurt Cookbook" and "The Original Diet", both by raw vegetarian pioneer Karen Cross Whyte), and art books ("The Scrimshander" and the initial edition of "Great Comic Cats"). Whyte worked with licenses from Harry Abrams & Co. (several "Gnomes" books), TSR, Inc. ("Dungeons & Dragons"), and Edward Gorey ("Gorey Games," "Gorey Cats Paper Dolls").
English Braille
Braille was introduced to Britain in 1861. In 1876, a French-based system with a few hundred English contractions and abbreviations was adopted as the predominant script in Great Britain. However, the contractions and abbreviations proved unsatisfactory, and in 1902 the current grade-2 system, called Revised Braille, was adopted in the British Commonwealth. In 1878, the ideal of basing all braille alphabets of the world on the original French alphabetic order was accepted by Britain, Germany, and Egypt (see International Braille). In the United States at the time, three scripts were used: non-braille New York Point; American Braille, which was reordered so that the most frequent letters were the ones with the fewest dots; and a variation of English Braille, which was reordered to match the English alphabet, assigning the values "wxyz" to the letters that, in France and England, stood for "xyzç". A partially contracted English Braille, Grade 1½, was adopted in Britain in 1918, and fully contracted Grade 2, with a few minor concessions to the Americans, was adopted in 1932. The concessions were to swap the British two-dot capital sign with the one-dot emphasis sign, which had generally been omitted anyway (as capitals had been in New York Point), to drop a few religious contractions from general usage, and to introduce a rule stating that contractions and abbreviations should not span 'major' syllable boundaries.
Whyte Chemicals
Whyte Chemicals is a privately owned company established in 1976 with a turnover in the region of £100 million. Its based in Finchley, London. It is the largest private distributor of chemicals and polymers in the United Kingdom. They also manufacture pharmaceuticals: both formulation and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).
Gavin Whyte
On 13 July 2018, Oxford United announced the signing of Whyte on a three-year deal, for an undisclosed transfer fee. He made his debut as an 82nd-minute substitute in Oxford's opening league match of the season, a 4–0 away defeat at Barnsley. His first start, and first goal, came in the first round of the EFL Cup against Coventry City ten days later; Whyte scored the second goal in a 2–0 win for Oxford. His first league goal followed in the next game, when he scored the opener in a 2–3 home defeat to Accrington Stanley.
John Henry Whyte
Whyte undertook National Service during the 1950s and worked as a history teacher in his old school before being appointed lecturer in Modern History at Makerere University, Uganda. In 1962 he returned to Ireland having been appointed first 'lecturer in empirical politics' at the then expanding University College Dublin (UCD). In 1966, he wed fellow academic Dr. Jean Murray and moved to Queen's University Belfast to undertake further studies.
Whyte Yarcowie, South Australia
The town of Yarcowie was surveyed in 1875. The name is said to be Aboriginal (Ngadjuri) for "Wide Water". The name changed to Whyte Yarcowie in 1929 after early pastoralist John Whyte. The railway station on the Peterborough railway line was opened in 1880, but the railway closed in the 1980s.
AAR wheel arrangement
The AAR wheel arrangement system is a method of classifying locomotive (or unit) wheel arrangements that was developed by the Association of American Railroads. It is essentially a simplification of the European UIC classification, and it is widely used in North America to describe diesel and electric locomotives. It is not used for steam locomotives which use the Whyte notation instead.
QWERTY
The QWERTY layout was devised and created in the early 1870s by Christopher Latham Sholes, a newspaper editor and printer who lived in Kenosha, Wisconsin. In October 1867, Sholes filed a patent application for his early writing machine he developed with the assistance of his friends Carlos Glidden and Samuel W. Soulé.
Ken Whyte
Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Whyte grew up in Edmonton, Alberta. He began his career in journalism as reporter at the "Sherwood Park News" and joined "Alberta Report" as a reporter in 1984, serving as executive editor of the magazine starting in 1986. In 1994, Whyte was appointed editor of "Saturday Night", a monthly magazine. In 1998, he was named editor-in-chief of a new national newspaper, the "National Post". In 2003 Whyte and several other executives were dismissed from the "National Post" as part of a purge by new ownership. He became a visiting scholar at McGill University where he was co-founder of the McGill Observatory in Media and Public Policy, and a trustee of the McGill Institute for the Study of Canada, a position he still holds.
David Whyte (poet)
Whyte moved to the United States in 1981 and began a career as a poet and speaker in 1986. From 1987 he began taking his poetry and philosophy to larger audiences including consulting and lecturing on organisational leadership models in the US and UK exploring the role of creativity in business. He has worked with companies such as Boeing, AT&T NASA, Toyota, The Royal Air Force and the Arthur Andersen accountancy group.
Cassandra B. Whyte
During the later 1980s, Whyte collected data suggesting how important information technology, also known as educational technology, would become for higher education into the future. Eventually, early versions of computer-assisted learning experiences for students reinforced the locus of control concept as successful students were somewhat self-motivated during the process of technology-based interactive activities. Into the 21st-century, the e-learning and personal computer-assisted learning devices were to be more frequently used by students and educators and more sophisticated institutional data collections became required. Also in that decade, Whyte researched and published about the focus of new student orientation programming to help with retention and in 2007 the international National Orientation Directors Association Journal editors reprinted the article in a 30th anniversary issue.