When did Guillaume Apollinaire die?
Paris in World War I
Other Paris artists took part in the war; the poet Guillaume Apollinaire, for example, went into the army and was seriously wounded in 1916. While recovering in Paris, he wrote "Les Mamelles de Tirésias" and coined the word Surrealism in the program notes for Jean Cocteau and Erik Satie's ballet "Parade". He also published an artistic manifesto, "L'Esprit nouveau et les poètes". The war-weakened Apollinaire died of influenza during the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918 and was interred in the Père Lachaise Cemetery.
Honoré Théodore Maxime Gazan de la Peyrière
Honoré Théodore Maxime Gazan de la Peyrière (October 29, 1765 – April 9, 1845) was a French general who fought in the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.
Gazan started his military career as a cannonier in the French Coast Guard. He was later appointed to the Royal Life Guards and, upon the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789, he joined the French National Guard. After service in the Upper Rhine valley and the Netherlands, he joined André Masséna in Switzerland in 1799, and fought at the battles of Winterthur and First Zurich. In August 1805, Gazan commanded of a division of the Army that encircled the Austrians in Ulm. On November 11, under Joseph Mortier, his division provided the advance guard in the advance on Vienna. Mortier over-extended his line of march and Gazan's division was surrounded by Kutuzov's Coalition army; Gazan lost 40 percent of his force in the Battle of Dürenstein. Following the Prussian defeat at the Battle of Jena-Auerstadt, he transferred with Jean Lannes to the Iberian peninsula. There he participated in the French capture of Zaragoza and in several important actions of the long Peninsular War, including the Battle of Albuera and the Battle of Vitoria.
Guillaume Mollat
Guillaume Mollat (1 February 1877, Nantes - 1968) was a French prelate and historian.
Apollinary Goravsky
Apollinary Goravsky died suddenly on March 28, 1900 at the Mariinsky Hospital in St. Petersburg at the age of 67. The death was reported in "Novoye Vremya" (New Times) and "Istorichesky Vestnik" (Historical Herald) magazines. The artist was buried at Vyborg cemetery.
Wulgrin I of Angoulême
Wulgrin (or Vulgrin, Woulgrin) I (c 830 – 3 May 886) was the Count of Angoulême, Périgueux, and possible Saintonge from 866 to his death. His parents were Vulfard (Wulfard), Count of Flavigny, and Suzanne, who was a daughter of the Bego I, Count of Paris. His brother Hilduin the Young was the abbot of Saint-Denis. Another brother was Adalard of Paris. Ademar of Chabannes is the chief source on his active reign in preserving and moulding Angoulême.
Émile Augier
Guillaume Victor Émile Augier (; 17 September 1820 – 25 October 1889) was a French dramatist. He was the thirteenth member to occupy seat 1 of the Académie française on 31 March 1857.
Charles Édouard Guillaume
Charles Édouard Guillaume (15 February 1861, Fleurier, Switzerland – 13 May 1938, Sèvres, France) was a Swiss physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1920 in recognition of the service he had rendered to precision measurements in physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys. In 1919, he gave the fifth Guthrie Lecture at the Institute of Physics in London with the title "The Anomaly of the Nickel-Steels".
Guillaume is known for his discovery of nickel-steel alloys he named invar and elinvar. Invar has a near-zero coefficient of thermal expansion, making it useful in constructing precision instruments whose dimensions need to remain constant in spite of varying temperature. Elinvar has a near-zero thermal coefficient of the modulus of elasticity, making it useful in constructing instruments with springs that need to be unaffected by varying temperature, such as the marine chronometer. Elinvar is also non-magnetic, which is a secondary useful property for antimagnetic watches.
The Cubist Painters, Aesthetic Meditations
As an active figure in well-established literary journals from 1902 to his death in 1918, Apollinaire played a crucial role in the development of early modernism by founding his own artistic journals, by supporting galleries and exhibitions, as a collector of avant-garde art, and as an impassioned supporter of a divers group of emerging artists. His pervasive influence on these artists is exemplified by a multitude of portraits of Apollinaire painted by artists such as Henri Rousseau, Pablo Picasso, Jean Metzinger, Louis Marcoussis, Amedeo Modigliani, Marie Laurencin, Marcel Duchamp, Maurice de Vlaminck, Giorgio de Chirico, Mikhail Larionov, Robert Delaunay, Marc Chagall, Pierre Savigny de Belay and Henri Matisse.
As a close friend of all the Cubists, and Marie Laurencin's lover, Apollinaire witnessed the development of Cubism firsthand. He was in close contact with Le Bateau-Lavoir and its habitués—including Max Jacob, Maurice Princet, Picasso, Braque and Metzinger. He was also in close contact with the Groupe de Puteaux (or Section d'Or), based in the western suburbs of Paris—including the Duchamp brothers, Gleizes, Picabia and again Metzinger (who associated with both groups early on).
The Cubist Painters, Aesthetic Meditations
Les Peintres Cubistes, Méditations Esthétiques (English, The Cubist Painters, Aesthetic Meditations), is a book written by Guillaume Apollinaire between 1905 and 1912, published in 1913. This was the third major text on Cubism; following "Du "Cubisme"" by Albert Gleizes and Jean Metzinger (1912); and André Salmon, "Histoire anecdotique du cubisme" (1912).
Antoine Guillaume Delmas
Antoine-Guillaume Maurailhac Delmas de La Coste Delmas (3 January 1766 – 30 October 1813) was a French Revolutionary and Napoleonic general.
Luigi Molinari
Molinari died on July 12, 1918, at home in Milan after suffering a stroke in a bookstore the day prior. Among his final works was an apologetic recounting of the Paris Commune to bring the events on par with the Russian Revolution. Marxist theorist Antonio Gramsci prominently debated Molinari's points. "L’Università popolare" published its last issue later that year in memory to Molinari.
Guillaume Brune
Following his coronation as Emperor of the French in 1804, Napoleon made Brune Marshal of the Empire ("Maréchal d'Empire"). In 1807 Brune held a command of troops fighting in the North German campaign and occupied Swedish Pomerania, but Brune's staunch republicanism and a meeting between Brune and Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden raised Napoleon's suspicions, and he was not afterwards employed during the Empire.
Brune was recalled to active service in 1815, during the Hundred Days, and as commander of the army of the Var, he defended the south of France against the forces of the Austrian Empire. He was murdered by royalists during the Second White Terror at Avignon, during the opening stage of the Bourbon Restoration. His body was thrown in the river Rhône, but was later recovered and buried in a pyramid-shaped tomb in the cemetery of Saint-Just-Sauvage.
Guillaume Apollinaire
Shortly after his death, Mercure de France published "Calligrammes", a collection of his concrete poetry (poetry in which typography and layout adds to the overall effect), and more orthodox, though still modernist poems informed by Apollinaire's experiences in the First World War and in which he often used the technique of automatic writing.
Antoine Guillemet
Jean-Baptiste-Antoine Guillemet (June 30, 1843 in Chantilly (Oise) – May 19, 1918 in Mareuil-sur-Belle (Dordogne)) was a French renowned landscape painter and longtime Jury member of the Salon des Artistes Francais. He was one of the first 19th-century artists to paint modern life, and a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism.
Guillaume Brune
Guillaume Marie-Anne Brune, 1st Comte Brune (13 March 1763 – 2 August 1815) was a French soldier and political figure who rose to Marshal of France.
Guillaume Guillon-Lethière
Guillaume Guillon-Lethière (10 January 1760 – 22 April 1832) was a French neoclassical painter.
Enfer
Between 1876 and 1886, the original press mark for the Enfer, which had been in use since the late 17th century, was replaced with "Y2". This press mark is used in 1896 in the general catalogue of the Bibliothèque nationale. From 1909 to 1913, Guillaume Apollinaire and others prepared, without the support or knowledge of library management, a special bibliographic catalog, which recorded 854 titles and described the works. (The library had managed to stop the first, less well disguised start, made by the linguist Robert Yve-Plessis after 1900.) Apollinaire's catalog was issued in an edition of 1,500 copies, a second edition of 1919 sold 2,000 copies, clearly showing the scale of the public interest in the Enfer. The 1978 catalog of the Enfer by Pascal Pia added around 700 titles.
Guillaume Delisle
Guillaume Delisle, also spelled Guillaume de l'Isle, (; 28 February 1675, Paris – 25 January 1726, Paris) was a French cartographer known for his popular and accurate maps of Europe and the newly explored Americas.
Georges Oltramare
He left France in August 1944 for Sigmaringen, eventually returning to Switzerland in April 1945. Arrested for compromising Switzerland's independence, he spent the next few years in and out detention before being freed in 1952. He went on to live in Spain and Egypt, where he briefly worked as a propagandist for the regime of Gamal Abdel Nasser, before returning to Switzerland where he was allowed to revive "Le Pilori", which this time combined Poujadism with anti-Semitism. Notwithstanding a sentence of death that had been passed on him by a French court in 1950 Oltramare died of natural causes in Geneva.
Benjamin Baillaud
Édouard Benjamin Baillaud (14 February 1848 – 8 July 1934) (aged 86) was a French astronomer.
Guillaume Alexis
Guillaume Alexis (precise birth and death dates unknown) was a French Benedictine monk and poet of the late 15th and early 16th centuries, nicknamed the "Good Monk". His abbey was that at Lire (La Vieille-Lyre), in the diocese of Évreux, He became prior of Bussy, in Perche. In 1486 he went on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and died there, a victim of Ottoman persecution.
Apollinaris of Clermont
Apollinaris (died 515) was a count of Auvergne who led a auvergnat army for the Visigoths in the Battle of Vouillé, and was bishop of Clermont for four months before his death.
Pablo Picasso
In Paris, Picasso entertained a distinguished coterie of friends in the Montmartre and Montparnasse quarters, including André Breton, poet Guillaume Apollinaire, writer Alfred Jarry and Gertrude Stein. In 1911, Picasso was arrested and questioned about the theft of the "Mona Lisa" from the Louvre. Suspicion for the crime had initially fallen upon Apollinaire due to his links to Géry Pieret, an artist with a history of thefts from the gallery. Apollinaire in turn implicated his close friend Picasso, who had also purchased stolen artworks from the artist in the past. Afraid of a conviction that could result in his deportation to Spain, Picasso denied having ever met Apollinaire. Both were later cleared of any involvement in the painting's disappearance.
André de Richaud
André de Richaud (April 6, 1907 in Perpignan – September 29, 1968 in Montpellier) was a French poet and writer. After his father was killed in the First World War in 1915, his mother became a lover of a German prisoner of war, which caused him a trauma that made him later sell their house and move away. At the age of twenty he wrote an autobiographical novel "Pain" (whose heroine's impact on her son's life seems similar to the impact of the stepfather on the life of Baudelaire) which greatly influenced Albert Camus. 
He was awarded the 1954 Prix Guillaume Apollinaire.
Prix Guillaume Apollinaire
It has been attributed 9 times to collections published by , 6 times by Flammarion and four times by Gallimard.
Guillaume de Baillou
Guillaume de Baillou (Latin: Ballonius) (1538–1616) was a French physician born in Paris.
Guillaume Pouget
Pouget completed his studies at the age of 19 and became a priest of the "Pères Lazaristes". 
From 1872 to 1905 he taught various subjects at Évreux, Saint Flour, Dax and Paris. 
On 20 July 1905 he was forbidden from further teaching since he was "too far ahead of his time", despite the support of his superior. 
He accepted this ruling, but continued to be the spiritual father of many priests and intellectuals who came to him for advice.
His eyesight began to deteriorate in 1873, and he lost his right eye in April 1895. His left eye failed in January 1909 and he became totally blind. 
Guillaume Pouget died on 24 February 1933, and is buried in Montparnasse Cemetery.
Guillaume Michel Jérôme Meiffren Laugier
Guillaume Michel Jérôme Meiffren Laugier (28 September 1772 – 27 September 1843) was a French ornithologist.
Les Onze Mille Verges
Les Onze Mille Verges ou les Amours d'un hospodar is a pornographic novel by French author Guillaume Apollinaire, published in 1907 over his initials "G.A.". The title contains a play on the Catholic veneration of the "Eleven thousand Virgins" (French: "les onze mille vierges"), the martyred companions of Saint Ursula, replacing the word "vierge" (virgin) with "verge" (rod) due to a slip of the tongue by the protagonist and as an omen of his fate. The use of the word "verge" may also be considered as a pun for it is used as a vulgarism for the male member.
Guillaume Fillastre
Guillaume Fillastre (the Elder) (b. 1348 at La Suze, Maine, France; d. Rome, 6 November 1428) was a French Cardinal, canonist, humanist, and geographer.
Apollinaire de Kontski
Apollinaire de Kontski composed a violin concerto, a quartet for four violins, 24 Études-Caprices for violin and flute, transcriptions, variations, opera fantaisies (his "Fantasia on Motives from "Lucia di Lammermoor"" was famous in his day) and numerous other virtuoso pieces, all now forgotten. He died in his home city in 1879, aged 53.
Pompone de Bellièvre
The biographer Louis Gabriel Michaud says of Bellièvre:
This illustrious family was extinguished in the person of Pompone de Bellièvre, son of Nicolas and first President of the Parlement of Paris, who died in 1657 without posterity after having deployed great talents on diplomatic missions in Italy, England, and Holland. This worthy magistrate, enriched by his wife, who was the daughter of the Superintendent Bullion, lived in great magnificence, which did not prevent him from founding the General Hospital of Paris. Before this, the poor had lived and died deprived of all help, spiritual or temporal. They found both in this new refuge.
According to the panegyric spoken at Bellièvre's funeral, and later printed, he possessed "pure glory and innocent riches" and was incorruptible, not to be bought at any price. He showed "...charity for the wretched, a vehemence just and inflexible to the dishonest and wicked, with a sweetness noble and beneficent for all". He also had a pleasant and gracious address, with intellectual and charming conversation and an agreeable and intelligent silence.
Apollinarism
Apollinarism or Apollinarianism was a view proposed by Apollinaris of Laodicea (died 390) that Jesus could not have had a human mind but rather had a human body and a lower soul (the seat of the emotions) but a divine mind.
Jean Guillaume Audinet-Serville
Jean Guillaume Audinet-Serville (his name, before the Revolution, included a particle: Audinet de Serville) was a French entomologist, born on 11 November 1775 in Paris. He died on 27 March 1858 in La Ferté-sous-Jouarre.
Louis-Guillaume Le Monnier
Louis-Guillaume Le Monnier (sometimes written as Lemonnier) (27 June 1717 – 7 September 1799) was a French natural scientist and contributor to the Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers".
André d'Albaigne
André d’Albaigne submitted his project to Admiral Coligny but, although the Admiral gave favourable consideration to it, all hopes for its implementation disappeared when Coligny was killed in 1572 during the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. The d’Albaigne project was again advocated a decade later by Lancelot Voisin de La Popelinière when he published his 1582 book "Les Trois Mondes," but this met with no response in a France torn by the French Wars of Religion. When French colonization efforts revived in the seventeenth century, they were directed to the exploitation of the fishery and fur resources of Canada (known as New France).
Guillaume-Antoine Calvière
Guillaume-Antoine Calvière was born in Paris around 1695, the son of Rodolphe Calvière and Jeanne Boundin.
He was a pupil of Philippe Isoré de La Fontaine, who spent his whole career until his death in 1733 as organist of Saint-Denis.
Calvière was gifted and precocious, and made his first public performance at the age of eleven.
Calvière's younger sister Cécile Louise Calvière, born in 1703, was also an organist.
La Geste de Garin de Monglane
The cycle of twenty or more chansons which form the geste of Guillaume reposes on the traditions of the Arab invasions of the south of France, from the battle of Poitiers (732) under Charles Martel onwards, and on the French conquest of Catalonia from the Saracens. In the Norse version of the Carolingian epic Guillaume appears in his proper historical environment, as a chief under Charlemagne; but he plays a leading part in the "Couronnement Looys", describing the formal associations of Louis the Pious in the empire at Aix-la-Chapelle (813, the year after Guillaume's death), and after the battle of Aliscans it is from the emperor Louis that he seeks reinforcements.
Sidonius Apollinaris
Gaius Sollius Modestus Apollinaris Sidonius, better known as Saint Sidonius Apollinaris (5 November of an unknown year, 430 – August 489 AD), was a poet, diplomat, and bishop. Sidonius is "the single most important surviving author from fifth-century Gaul" according to Eric Goldberg. He was one of four Gallo-Roman aristocrats of the fifth- to sixth-century whose letters survive in quantity; the others are Ruricius bishop of Limoges (died 507), Alcimus Ecdicius Avitus, bishop of Vienne (died 518) and Magnus Felix Ennodius of Arles, bishop of Ticinum (died 534). All of them were linked in the tightly bound aristocratic Gallo-Roman network that provided the bishops of Catholic Gaul. His feast day is 21 August.
96th Infantry Regiment (France)
The 21st Light Infantry Regiment was initially raised on 6 September 1815 as the 'légion royale étrangère' (royal foreign legion), changing its name in 1816 to the légion de Hohenlohe then the régiment de Hohenlohe before being disbanded on 5 January 1831 and replaced with the 21st Light Infantry Regiment. This was re-numbered as the 96th in 1855. Guillaume Apollinaire was fighting in it as a sous-lieutenant when he was wounded in 1915.
Apollinaris William Baumgartner
He arrived in Guam on 23 October 1945, shortly after the end of the World War II, flying in on the personal plane of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, who was leading the post-war military administration on the island. The vicariate apostolic was in ruins at that time, with most of Guam's churches damaged beyond repair, all the American missionary priests still held captive in Japan, and only one Chamorro, or native Guamanian, priest remaining, with no Chamorro nuns left. From 1947 to 1949, he also served as Apostolic Administrator of Okinawa and the Southern Islands, Japan, in addition to his work in Guam.
Guillaume Apollinaire
Apollinaire is considered one of the foremost poets of the early 20th century, as well as one of the most impassioned defenders of Cubism and a forefather of Surrealism. He is credited with coining the term "cubism" in 1911 to describe the emerging art movement and the term "surrealism" in 1917 to describe the works of Erik Satie. The term Orphism (1912) is also his. Apollinaire wrote one of the earliest Surrealist literary works, the play "The Breasts of Tiresias" (1917), which became the basis for the 1947 opera "Les mamelles de Tirésias".
L'adieu du cavalier (Tailleferre)
"L'adieu du cavalier" (in English "The Knight's Farewell", subtitled "in Memoriam Francis Poulenc) is a song for voice and piano written by Germaine Tailleferre in 1963 on a poem of the same title by Guillaume Apollinaire. The work was published in 2003 by the French publishers Musik Fabrik.
Three Musicians
Each painting features a Harlequin, a Pierrot, and a monk, who are generally believed to represent Picasso, Guillaume Apollinaire, and Max Jacob, respectively. Apollinaire and Jacob, both poets, had been close friends of Picasso during the 1910s. However, Apollinaire died of the Spanish flu in 1918, while Jacob decided to enter a monastery in 1921.
L'Oiseau bleu (Metzinger)
Guillaume Apollinaire, in a poem written in 1907 entitled "La Tzigane", writes of a "blue bird": "Et l'oiseau bleu perdit ses plumes Et les mendiants leurs Avé". He does so again in 1908 in another poem, entitled "Fiançailles": "Le printemps laisse errer les fiancés parjures, Et laisse feuilloler longtemps les plumes bleues, Que secoue le cyprès où niche l'oiseau bleu". And yet again, this time in 1918, in "Un oiseau chante": Moi seul l'oiseau bleu s'égosille, Oiseau bleu comme le coeur bleu, De mon amour au coeur céleste".
Banalités (Poulenc)
Banalités (FP 107) is a set of five mélodies for voice and piano composed by Francis Poulenc in 1940 on poems by Guillaume Apollinaire (1880–1918).
Alain de Lille
Alain de Lille (Latin: "Alanus ab Insulis"; 11281202/03) was a French theologian and poet. He was born in Lille, some time before 1128. His exact date of death remains unclear as well, with most research pointing toward it being between 14 April 1202, and 5 April 1203.
Gustave Achille Guillaumet
Guillaumet died in Paris in 1887. Speculation about the circumstances of his death, supposedly of peritonitis, was published in "The New York Times" on April 6. The article claimed that Guillaumet had left his wife and son to live with "a lady who was his senior by many years" but that a few weeks before his death he had shot himself following an argument with his mistress.
Guillaume Gouffier, seigneur de Bonnivet
Guillaume Gouffier, seigneur de Bonnivet (c. 1488 – 24 February 1525) was a French soldier.
French poetry
Guillaume Apollinaire radicalized the Baudelairian poetic exploration of modern life in evoking planes, the Eiffel Tower and urban wastelands, and he brought poetry into contact with cubism through his "Calligrammes", a form of visual poetry. Inspired by Rimbaud, Paul Claudel used a form of free verse to explore his mystical conversion to Catholicism. Other poets from this period include: Paul Valéry, Max Jacob (a key member of the group around Apollinaire), Pierre Jean Jouve (a follower of Romain Rolland's "Unanism"), Valery Larbaud (a translator of Whitman and friend to Joyce), Victor Segalen (friend to Huysmans and Claudel), Léon-Paul Fargue (who studied with Stéphane Mallarmé and was close to Valéry and Larbaud).
The Cubist Painters, Aesthetic Meditations
Rousseau had past away in September 1910. Apollinaire made clear the great esteem held by the Cubist painters for his works, calling Rousseau the "Inhabitant of Delight". It was for Apollinaire the qualities of his work that made his painting "so charming to look at". Few artists had been mocked during their lifetime as Rousseau, and even fewer had faced with equal calm the hail of insults. And happily, writes Apollinaire, he "was able to find, in insults and mockeries, evidence that even the ill-intentioned could not disregard his work".
Rousseau had painted two portraits of Apollinaire: "I often watched him at work, and I know the care he gave to the tiniest details; he had the capacity to keep the original and definitive conception of his picture always before him until he had realized it; and he left nothing, above all, nothing essential, to chance. Its nervous draftsmanship, variety, charm, and delicacy of tones make this work's excellence. His pictures of flowers show the resources of charm and emphasis in the soul and hand of the Douanier."
Guillaume Apollinaire
Apollinaire was active as a journalist and art critic for "Le Matin", "L'Intransigeant", "L'Esprit nouveau", "Mercure de France", and "Paris Journal". In 1912 Apollinaire cofounded "", an artistic and literary magazine.
André Salmon
André Salmon (4 October 1881, Paris – 12 March 1969, Sanary-sur-Mer) was a French poet, art critic and writer. He was one of the early defenders of Cubism, with Guillaume Apollinaire and Maurice Raynal.
Gilles de Paris (poet)
Gilles de Paris ("Aegidius Parisiensis") ( 1160 – 1223/1224) was a French poet of the twelfth century. He is best known for his instructional poem "Carolinus", written for the future Louis VIII of France around 1200, when Louis was 13 years old.
Prix Guillaume Apollinaire
The prix Guillaume Apollinaire is a French poetry prize first awarded in 1941. It was named in honour of French writer Guillaume Apollinaire. It annually recognizes a collection of poems for its originality and modernity.
Jean-Baptiste-Édouard Gélineau
Jean-Baptiste-Édouard Gélineau (23 December 1828 – 2 March 1906) was the French physician who first described narcolepsy.
Les mamelles de Tirésias
Guillaume Apollinaire was one a group of poets whom Poulenc had met as a teenager. Adrienne Monnier's bookshop, the "Maison des Amis des Livres", was a meeting place for "avant-garde" writers including Apollinaire, Max Jacob, Paul Éluard and Louis Aragon. Apollinaire, the illegitimate son of a Polish noblewoman, was described by the critic Edward Lockspeiser as the prominent leader of Bohemian life in Montparnasse. Among his achievements were to bring to prominence the painter the Douanier Rousseau, and to invent the term "surrealism", of which he was a leading exponent. In June 1917 the audience for the first performance of Apollinaire's "drame surréaliste", "Les Mamelles de Tirésias", at a theatre in Montmartre included Jean Cocteau, Serge Diaghilev, Léonide Massine, Henri Matisse, Pablo Picasso, Erik Satie, and the young Poulenc. Many years later Poulenc said that though he had been immensely amused by the farcical piece it did not occur to him at the time that he would ever set it to music.
Guillaume Lamberty
Guillaume Lamberty (1754 in Pontchâteau–1794) was a French revolutionary.
Writers in Paris
Other writers who made a mark in the Paris literary world of the Third Republic's "Belle Époque" included Anatole France (1844–1924); Paul Claudel (1868–1955); Alphonse Allais (1854–1905); the poet Guillaume Apollinaire (1880–1918); Maurice Barrès (1862–1923); René Bazin (1853–1932); Colette (1873–1954); the poet and novelist François Coppée (1842–1908); Alphonse Daudet (1840–1897); Alain Fournier (1886–1914), author of "Le Grand Meaulnes" (1913)- his only published novel-, who died on the battlefield in September 1914; André Gide (1869–1951); Pierre Louÿs (1870–1925); Maurice Maeterlinck (1862–1949), a Belgian poet and essayist; the symbolist poet Stéphane Mallarmé (1840–1898), who had a literary salon every Tuesday including the leading artists and writers of Paris; Octave Mirbeau (1848–1917); Anna de Noailles (1876–1933), poet and novelist; Charles Péguy (1873–1914), killed at the front on 5 September 1914; Marcel Proust (1871–1922), born in the first year of the "Belle Époque", completed in 1913 the first part of In Search of Lost Time, begun in 1902; Jules Renard (1864–1910); Arthur Rimbaud (1854–1891), the young poet with whom Verlaine had a passionate but disastrous affair; Romain Rolland (1866–1944); Edmond Rostand (1868–1918), author of the world-renowned "Cyrano de Bergerac"; Paul Verlaine (1844–1890). Paris was also the home of one of the greatest Russian writers of the period, Ivan Turgenev.
En Canot
Guillaume Apollinaire, in his review of the Salon d'Automne published in "", writes of "En Canot" ("Femme à l'ombrelle"):
Apollinary Goravsky
Apollinary Gilyarievich Goravsky, also seen as Horawski (Belarusian: Апалінарый Гіляравіч Гараўскі, Russian: Аполлинарий Гиляриевич Горавский; 23 January 1833, Uborky, Minsk Governorate - 28 March 1900, Kirilovich, Saint Petersburg Governorate) was a Belarusian painter.
Guillaume Postel
Guillaume Postel (25 March 1510 – 6 September 1581) was a French linguist, astronomer, Cabbalist, diplomat, professor, and religious universalist.
Guillaume le Vinier
The date of Guillaume's death must be before Pentecost (4 June) in the year of 1245, since he is inscribed in the Necrology of the Confrérie des jongleurs et des bourgeois d'Arras for that year.
Brun, Laurent, « Guillaume le Vinier », "Les Archives de littérature du Moyen Âge (ARLIMA)", [ www.arlima.net/eh/guillaume_le_vinier.html ].
Guillaume Vandive
Guillaume Vandive (Guillaume Van Dievout) (1680 1706) was a French printer and bookseller. He was a master tradesman under the auspices of the Dauphin of France. Vandive's premises was on the rue Saint-Jacques, Paris. His trade mark was the "Crowned Dolphin". Vandive published books in French and Latin on the topics of Jansenist theology, trade and travel. After his death at age 26, Vandive's business was continued by Nicolas Simart who married Vandive's widow. Family discord and legal actions ensued.
Paul Guillaume
Paul Guillaume (1891 in Paris – 1934 in Paris) was a French art dealer. Dealer of Chaim Soutine and Amedeo Modigliani, he was one of the first to organize African art exhibitions. He also bought and sold many works from cutting edge artists of the time, such as Henri Matisse, Constantin Brâncuși, Pablo Picasso, and Giorgio de Chirico.
Guillaume Pierre Godin
Guillaume Pierre Godin (Guilhem de Peyre Godin) (c. 1260 – 1336) was a French Dominican theologian, and Cardinal.
Apolinère Enameled
"Apolinère" is a play-on-words referencing the poet, writer and art critic Guillaume Apollinaire, a close associate of Duchamp during the Cubist adventure. Apollinaire wrote about Duchamp (and others) in his book "The Cubist Painters, Aesthetic Meditations" of 1913.
Calligram
Guillaume Apollinaire was a famous calligram writer and author of a book of poems called "Calligrammes".
Guillaume Tirel
Guillaume Tirel, known as Taillevent (French: "wind-cutter" i.e. an idle swaggerer) (born ca. 1310 in Pont-Audemer – 1395), was an important figure in the early history of French cuisine. He was cook to the Court of France at the time of the first Valois kings and the Hundred Years' War. His first position was "enfant de cuisine" (kitchen boy) to Queen Jeanne d'Évreux. From 1326 he was "queux", head chef, to Philip VI. In 1347, he became squire to the Dauphin de Viennois and his "queux" in 1349. In 1355 he became squire to the Duke of Normandy, in 1359 his "queux" and in 1361 his serjeant-at-arms. The Duke of Normandy became Charles V in 1368 and Tirel continued in his service. From 1381 he was in service to Charles VI. He is generally considered one of the first truly "professional" master chefs. He died in 1395 at around 80 years of age.
Guillaume Rondelet
Guillaume Rondelet (27 September 150730 July 1566), known also as Rondeletus (Rondeletius), was Regius professor of medicine at the University of Montpellier in southern France and Chancellor of the University between 1556 and his death in 1566. He achieved renown as an anatomist and a naturalist with a particular interest in botany and zoology. His major work was a lengthy treatise on marine animals, which took two years to write and became a standard reference work for about a century afterwards, but his lasting impact lay in his education of a roster of star pupils who became leading figures in the world of late-16th century science.
Apollinaris William Baumgartner
Apollinaris William Baumgartner, O.F.M. Cap., D.D., (24 July 1899 – 18 December 1970) was a prelate of the Roman Catholic Church, serving as Bishop of Agaña, Guam, from 1945 to 1970.
Alcools
Alcools (English: Alcohols) is a collection of poems by the French author Guillaume Apollinaire. His first major collection, it was published in 1913.
Alexandre Galopin
Alexandre Galopin (26 September 1879 – 28 February 1944) was a Belgian businessman. He was director of the "Société Générale de Belgique", a large Belgian company founded in 1822 by William I, and chairman of the board of the armaments company "Fabrique Nationale d'Armes de Guerre". Galopin was behind the Galopin Doctrine, a "lesser evil" ("moindre-mal") tactic that allowed industrial development in the occupied Belgium during World War II, under the auspices of the Belgian government in exile. In February 1944, he was murdered by Flemish collaborators from the DeVlag group.
André Salmon
In 1902 Salmon returned to France for military service but due to weak physical condition was dismissed after a few months. In the first decade of the 20th century he mixed with literary circles of Paris' Latin Quarter. Then he met a young, then unknown poet Guillaume Apollinaire and with a group of young artists they formed an artistic group. 
In 1904 he moved into the Bateau-Lavoir and lived there with Picasso, Max Jacob and Apollinaire.
For several years he lived a Bohemian life, until he fell in love with Jeanne Blazy-Escarpette.
He found work as a journalist with "L'Intransigeant" and also contributed to "Le Soleil".
He married Jeanne on 13 July 1909 and settled with her on rue Rousselet in the 7th arrondissement of Paris.
During World War I (1914–18) Salmon enlisted in the army as a volunteer and served in the trenches.
He was invalided in 1916 and returned to Paris where he became a factotum on the journal "L'Éveil" of Jacques Dhur.
Salmon organized the exhibition "L'Art Moderne en France" from 16–31 July 1916 for the wealthy fashion designer Paul Poiret.
Salmon gave "26 Avenue d'Antin" as the address and called the exhibition the "Salon d'Antin".
Artists included Pablo Picasso, who showed "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon" for the first time, Amedeo Modigliani, Moïse Kisling, Manuel Ortiz de Zárate and Marie Vassilieff.
Another of Poiret's exhibitions, also organized by Salmon, was "La Collection particulière de M. Paul Poiret", from 26 April to 12 May 1923.
Cubism
The 1912 manifetso "Du "Cubisme"" by Metzinger and Gleizes was followed in 1913 by "Les Peintres Cubistes", a collection of reflections and commentaries by Guillaume Apollinaire. Apollinaire had been closely involved with Picasso beginning in 1905, and Braque beginning in 1907, but gave as much attention to artists such as Metzinger, Gleizes, Delaunay, Picabia, and Duchamp.
Guillaume Voiriot
Guillaume Voiriot (20 November 1712 – 9 December 1799) was a French portrait painter.
Louis Bouilhet
As a dramatist he secured a success with his first play, "Madame de Monlarcy" (1856), which ran for seventy-eight nights at the Odéon; and "Hélène Peyron" (1858) and "L'Oncle Million" (1860) were also favorably received. But of his other plays, some of them of real merit, only the "Conjuration d'Amboise" (1866) met with any great success. Bouilhet died on 18 July 1869, at Rouen. Flaubert published his posthumous poems with a notice of the author, in 1872.
Guillaume Le Blond
Guillaume Le Blond (1704 – May 24, 1781) was a French mathematician. He was born in Paris.
He was a professor of mathematics at the grand stable of the King (1736) and then the Enfants de France (1756). Leblond kept this job until 1778, when he became secretary of the cabinet of Madame Victoire.
Armand Guillaumin
Armand Guillaumin (; February 16, 1841 – June 26, 1927) was a French impressionist painter and lithographer.
Augustin Guillaume
Augustin Léon Guillaume (30 July 1895 – 9 March 1983) was a French general. He served in the French Army beginning in 1913, during World War I and World War II. From August 1951 to May 1954, he served as the Resident-General in French Morocco, and was responsible for the deposition and exile of Mohammed V. He ended his career as Chief of the Defence Staff and Chairman of the NATO Chief of Staffs' Committee from 1954–1956. He was born in Guillestre, Hautes-Alpes department, where he retired and served as the town's mayor. He died in Guillestre in 1983.
Léon Olphe-Galliard
Victor-Aimé-Léon Olphe-Galliard (22 October 1825, in Lyon – 2 February 1893, in Hendaye, Basses Pyrénées) was a French ornithologist.
Following his studies at the École Royale in Lyon, Olphe-Galliard planned to study medicine, but following the
Revolution of 1848 he abandoned this plan and took refuge in Switzerland with his family. Here he was devoted entirely to ornithology and publishing his first work in " Naumannia" and the Journal für Ornithologie of Jean Cabanis. In 1856 he took part in the second congress of Deutsche Ornithologen-Gesellschaft at Gothen in Germany, where he met Prince Lucien Bonaparte, and other scientists. In 1864 he returned to Lyon. In 1870 he left this city again and went to live in Bulle. He returned to France in 1876, lived for a time at Angoulême and then after 1880 in Hendaye. He died on February 2, 1893, after a long illness, bequeathing his collections and his manuscripts to the town of Gap.
Guillaume de l'Hôpital
Guillaume François Antoine, Marquis de l'Hôpital (; 1661 – 2 February 1704) was a French mathematician. His name is firmly associated with l'Hôpital's rule for calculating limits involving indeterminate forms 0/0 and ∞/∞. Although the rule did not originate with l'Hôpital, it appeared in print for the first time in his treatise on the infinitesimal calculus, entitled "Analyse des Infiniment Petits pour l'Intelligence des Lignes Courbes". This book was a first systematic exposition of differential calculus. Several editions and translations to other languages were published and it became a model for subsequent treatments of calculus.
Apollinaris of Valence
A contestation in defence of marriage brought Apollinaris again into prominence. Stephen, the treasurer of the kingdom, was living in incest. The four bishops of the province commanded him to separate from his companion, but he appealed to King Sigismund, who sustained his official and exiled the four bishops to Sardinia. As they refused to yield, the King relented, and after some time permitted them to return to their Sees, with the exception of Apollinaris, whose defiance had made him particularly obnoxious to the King, and was kept a close prisoner for a year. At last the King, stricken with a severe illness, repented, and the Queen in person came to beg Apollinaris to go to the court to restore the monarch to health. On his refusal, the Queen asked for his cloak to place on the sufferer. The request was granted, and the King recovered. Apollinaris was sixty-four years old when he returned from Sardinia to Valence, and his people received him with joy. He died after an episcopate of thirty-four years, at the age of sixty-seven. (In due course, King Sigismund also achieved sainthood.)
Picasso's poetry
Arriving in Paris at the dawn of the 20th century, Picasso soon met and associated with a variety of modernist writers. Poet and artist Max Jacob was one of the first friends Picasso made in Paris, and it was Jacob who helped the young artist learn French. Jacob let a poverty-stricken Picasso share his room (and bed) for a period before Picasso moved to Le Bateau-Lavoir. Through Max Jacob, Picasso met one of the most popular members of the Parisian artistic community; writer, poet, novelist, and art critic Guillaume Apollinaire, who encouraged the new-wave of artists to "innovate violently!" Picasso was the focus of Apollinaire's first important works of art criticism—his 1905 pieces on Picasso also provided the artist with his earliest major coverage in the French press—and Picasso highly treasured Apollinaire's gift of the original manuscript of his outrageous pornographic novel "Les Onze Mille Verges", published in 1907.
Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital
A regular visitor to the Salpêtrière from 1842 till his death more than thirty years later was Guillaume-Benjamin Duchenne de Boulogne (1806–1875). From humble provincial origins, a long line of seafarers from Boulogne, Duchenne became one of the outstanding medical scientists of the nineteenth century. Though he never held a senior appointment in the hospital, Duchenne nevertheless made meticulous observations on neurological patients, employing a wide range of innovative diagnostic techniques. Duchenne's clinical science stood at the junction of electricity, photography and psychology, as recorded in his much admired "De l'électrisation localisée" with its associated atlas "Album de photographies pathologiques" (1855, 1862). His name is commemorated in the myopathies which he described, as well as in his 1862 masterpiece, the "Mécanisme de la physionomie humaine", much consulted by Charles Darwin in the preparation of his "Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals" (1872). Duchenne's last major work (published in 1867) was a study of the physiology of movement. He was never elected to the Academy of Sciences.
Apollinaris of Clermont
Apollinaris apparently got along with king Alaric II far better than Alaric's predecessor, for Gregory of Tours records that Apollinaris led a militia raised in Clermont on the Visigothic side of the Battle of Vouillé in 507. Although several letters written to him from his other cousin, bishop Avitus of Vienne, are dated to the years after that battle, Apollinaris' activities until 515 are unknown. In that year, with the help of his sister Alcima and his wife Placidana, he was appointed bishop of Clermont by the Frankish king Theuderic I. However, he held the office only four months before he died.
Guillaume-Gabriel Nivers
Guillaume-Gabriel Nivers (c. 1632, Paris – 13 November 1714) was a French organist, composer and theorist. His first "livre d'orgue" is the earliest surviving published collection with traditional French organ school forms (a collection by Louis Couperin that is in manuscript does not seem to have been published. See Guy Oldham, "Louis Couperin: A New Source of French Keyboard Music of the Mid-17th Century", Recherches sur la musique française classique, Vol. I (1960), pp. 51–59). Nivers's other music is less known; however, his treatises on Gregorian chant and basso continuo are still considered important sources on 17th century liturgical music and performance practice.
Orphism (art)
The term Orphism was coined by poet and art critic Guillaume Apollinaire at the Salon de la Section d'Or in 1912, referring to the works of František Kupka. During his lecture at the Section d'Or exhibit Apollinaire presented three of Kupka's abstract works as perfect examples of "pure painting", as anti-figurative as music.
Antoine Guillaumont
Antoine Guillaumont (13 January 1915, L'Arbresle – 25 August 2000) was a French archaeologist and Syriac scholar. He held positions notably at the École pratique des hautes études and the Collège de France, and was a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. His archaeological writings are related to the site of Kellia in Lower Egypt. As a Syriacist he was most interested in early monasticism and in the reception of the writings of Evagrius Ponticus.
Guillaume Couture
On November 18, 1700, Couture's wife, Anne, died. In the spring of 1701, Couture was 83 years old and ill, possibly from small pox. He was moved to the Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, where he died on April 4, 1701. The location of his tomb is unknown, as is the location of the tomb of Samuel de Champlain, founder of Quebec City. There is a park dedicated to Couture in Levis.
Guillaume Apollinaire
Apollinaire wrote the preface for the first Cubist exposition outside of Paris; "VIII Salon des Indépendants", Brussels, 1911. In an open-handed preface to the catalogue of the Brussels Indépendants show, Apollinaire stated that these 'new painters' accepted the name of Cubists which has been given to them. He described Cubism as a new manifestation and high art ["manifestation nouvelle et très élevée de l'art"], not a system that constrains talent ["non-point un système contraignant les talents"], and the differences which characterize not only the talents but even the styles of these artists are an obvious proof of this. The artists involved with this new movement, according to Apollinaire, included Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Robert Delaunay, Fernand Léger, and Henri Le Fauconnier. By 1912 others had joined the Cubists: Jacques Villon, Marcel Duchamp, Raymond Duchamp-Villon, Francis Picabia, Juan Gris, and Roger de La Fresnaye, among them.
Jean Metzinger
In 1906 Metzinger met Albert Gleizes at the Salon des Indépendants, and visited his studio in Courbevoie several days later. In 1907, at Max Jacob's room, Metzinger met Guillaume Krotowsky, who already signed his works Guillaume Apollinaire. In 1908 a poem by Metzinger, "Parole sur la lune", was published in Guillaume Apollinaire's "La Poésie Symboliste".
Le Bestiaire ou Cortège d'Orphée
Le Bestiaire ou Cortège d'Orphée is a poetic album of 30 short poems by Guillaume Apollinaire with woodcuts by Raoul Dufy, published in 1911.
Adolphe Adam
Adolphe Charles Adam (; 24 July 1803 – 3 May 1856) was a French composer and music critic. A prolific composer of operas and ballets, he is best known today for his ballets "Giselle" (1841) and "Le corsaire" (1856, his last work), his operas "Le postillon de Lonjumeau" (1836), "Le toréador" (1849) and "Si j'étais roi" (1852)
Rue de l'Abbaye
The street was built in 1800 by driving a way through the abbey grounds which had been taken over by the new Republic. The old refectory and part of the chapel were destroyed in the creation of the street which was initially known as "rue de la Paix", became "rue Neuve de l'Abbaye" in 1809 and settled on its current name in 1815. As recently as 1951, that portion of the original street between Rue Bonaparte and Rue Saint-Benoît was renamed Rue Guillaume Apollinaire after the poet Guillaume Apollinaire.
Mona Lisa
French poet Guillaume Apollinaire came under suspicion and was arrested and imprisoned. Apollinaire implicated his friend Pablo Picasso, who was brought in for questioning. Both were later exonerated. Two years later the thief revealed himself. Louvre employee Vincenzo Peruggia had stolen the "Mona Lisa" by entering the building during regular hours, hiding in a broom closet, and walking out with it hidden under his coat after the museum had closed. Peruggia was an Italian patriot who believed Leonardo's painting should have been returned for display in an Italian museum.
Guillaume-Antoine Olivier
Guillaume-Antoine Olivier (19 January 1756, Toulon – 1 October 1814, Lyon) was a French entomologist.
Joseph-Ignace Guillotin
The association with the guillotine so embarrassed Dr. Guillotin's family that they petitioned the French government to rename it; when the government refused, they instead changed their own family name. By coincidence, a person named Guillotin was indeed executed by the guillotine – he was J.M.V. Guillotin, a doctor of Lyons. This coincidence may have contributed to erroneous statements that Guillotin was put to death on the machine that bears his name; however, in reality, Guillotin died at home in Paris in 1814 of natural causes, specifically from a carbuncle, and is now buried in the Père-Lachaise Cemetery in Paris. He was married to Louise Saugrain, sister of the physician and chemist Antoine Saugrain.
Guillaume Apollinaire
On 7 September 1911, police arrested and jailed him on suspicion of aiding and abetting the theft of the "Mona Lisa" and a number of Egyptian statuettes from the Louvre, but released him a week later. The theft of the statues was committed by a former secretary of Apollinaire, Honoré Joseph Géry Pieret, who had returned one of the stolen statues to the French newspaper the "Paris-Journal". Apollinaire implicated his friend Picasso, who was also brought in for questioning in the theft of the "Mona Lisa", but he was also exonerated. The theft of the "Mona Lisa" was perpetrated by Vincenzo Peruggia, an Italian house painter who acted alone and was only caught two years later when he tried to sell the painting in Florence.
Albert Guillaume
Albert Guillaume (14 February 1873 – 10 August 1942) was a French painter and caricaturist.
Émile Cottin
Louis Émile Cottin (March 14, 1896 – October 8, 1936, nicknamed "Milou") was a French militant anarchist who is best known for the attempted assassination of Georges Clemenceau.