Where is the The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance?
Comecon
The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (, ; English abbreviation , , or ) was an economic organization from 1949 to 1991 under the leadership of the Soviet Union that comprised the countries of the Eastern Bloc along with a number of communist states elsewhere in the world.
New Economics Foundation
James Robertson, a British economist, and Alison Pritchard, a Schumacher Society Council member, helped to set up The Other Economic Summit (TOES) and NEF. Ed Mayo was Chief Executive from 1992 until 2003. The current chief executive is Miatta Fahnbulleh who succeeded Marc Stears in November 2017.
Mark Beer
During Beer's time as Chairman of the British Business Group, he oversaw fundraising for charities in the UAE including Gulf for Good, Foresight, and the British Community Assistance Fund. Since then Beer has remained Vice Chairman of the British Community Assistance Fund, established as a non-profit organisation run by volunteers from the resident British community in the UAE. BCAF provides help to British subjects and their families who find themselves in distress in Dubai and the Northern Emirates, often through no fault of their own.
National Economic and Social Council
The National Economic and Social Council (NESC) (Irish "An Chomhairle Náisiúnta Eacnamaíoch Shóialta") is an independent body that advises the Taoiseach (Irish Prime Minister) on areas of policy relating to social and economic development. It was part of the Social Partnership model that became part of Irish politics before the Celtic Tiger years. Its findings can hold a considerable amount of information about problems in existing public sector operations, such as how unemployed people are incentivized to remain unemployed, but these findings are not always acted upon.
Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia
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Eurasian Economic Community
The Secretariat is headed by the Secretary General of the Eurasec, the highest Community official, appointed by the interstate Council. The seats of the Secretariat are in the cities of Almaty (Kazakhstan) and Moscow (Russia).
European Economic and Social Committee
The European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) is a consultative body of the European Union (EU) established in 1958. It is an advisory assembly composed of "social partners", namely: employers (employers' organisations), employees (trade unions) and representatives of various other interests. Its seat, which it shares with the Committee of the Regions, is the Jacques Delors building on Belliardstraat / Rue Belliard 99 in Brussels. Once known by the acronym "EcoSoc", the body is now referred to as the "EESC", to avoid confusions with the United Nations ECOSOC.
Council for Economic Planning and Development
The agency was established in 1948 as the Council for United States Aid (CUSA) which was established as part of the Sino-American Economic Aid Agreement signed between the Republic of China and the United States in the same year. In September 1963, CUSA was reformed as the Council for International Economic Cooperation and Development (CIECD) then as the Economic Planning Council (EPC) in 1973 to strengthen the planning and research functions of the Executive Yuan. In December 1977, the EPC was merged with the Finance and Economic Committee and reorganised as the CEPD to promote comprehensive national economic development. On 22 January 2014, CEPD was merged with Research, Development and Evaluation Commission to form the National Development Council.
Committee of European Economic Co-operation
On 22 June 1947, in order to be prepared for the official response to Marshall's speech by the countries of Europe, President Harry S. Truman established three committees to study the aspects of the aid program and its impact on the American economy, namely the Council of Economic Advisers, also called the Nourse Committee after its chairman, Edwin Griswold Nourse, the Krug Committee, named after its chairman, Julius Albert Krug, and the Harriman Committee, named after its chairman, W. Averell Harriman.
EC-Council
The International Council of Electronic Commerce Consultants (EC-Council) is a member-supported professional organization that certifies individuals in various e-business and information security skills. The EC-Council is headquartered in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia
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Corporation for Enterprise Development
The Corporation for Enterprise Development (CFED), now known as Prosperity Now , is a national nonprofit based in Washington, DC dedicated to expanding economic opportunity for low-income families and communities in the United States. CFED uses an approach grounded in community practice, public policy and private markets. CFED publishes research, partners with local practitioners to carry out demonstration projects, and engages in policy advocacy work at the local, state and national levels. The organization works domestically with satellite offices in San Francisco, California, and Durham, North Carolina.
Administrative Council for Economic Defense
The Administrative Council for Economic Defense (in Portuguese, "Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica", often referred to as CADE) is an agency of the government of Brazil. Its stated goals are "guiding, inspecting, preventing and investigating economic power abuse by exercising a custodial role in its prevention and repression".
United States Ambassador to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
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Martin Daniel Eakes
In 1980, he co-founded the Center for Community Self-Help in Durham. Self-Help provides consumer financial services technical support and advocacy for those left out of the economic mainstream. The nonprofit is headquartered in Durham, North Carolina and has offices in South Carolina, Florida, Washington, D.C., California, Illinois and Wisconsin. Through Self-Help's Center for Responsible Lending, Eakes has advocated for fair lending practices and sound economic policies.
European Association for Evolutionary Political Economy
EAEPE was established in London, on 29 June 1988. However, the formal founding meeting was only held in September 1989 at the association's first annual conference in Keswick, Cumbria, UK. At this occasion, the EAEPE Constitution was adopted and a steering committee was elected, changed later into the EAEPE Council. In November 1990, the association formed a charity, the Foundation for European Economic Development (FEED) under the Charities Act (England and Wales), with the objective of providing financial assistance for the EAEPE annual conferences and other EAEPE projects. In 1991, the association adopted a Scientific Development Plan in order to designate a number of priority Research Areas and to appoint Research Area Coordinators to act as network-builders. Since 1991, in collaboration with Edward Elgar Publishing, EAEPE has published a series of conference volumes and other focused volumes. In the mid-1990s, EAEPE organized several summer schools, with the financial support of FEED and the European Commission. EAEPE has resumed organizing annual summer schools since 2010. EAEPE is a founding shareholder of Millennium Economics Ltd.
Institute for the Study of Economic and Social Development
On October 10, 1946 the first national assembly of the French fourth republic is chosen and on October 13 a new French constitution is selected through a referendum. The newly created politic system had to face a national post-war reality.
About two years after the announcement of the surrender of Japan to the allies on August 15, 1945, the secretary of state of the United States George Marshall proposed the assistance of the United States 'in the return of normal economic health in the world' on June 5, 1947. The same year, 16 countries gathered at Paris to answer to Marshall's proposal, from their debates a common program as well as a new Organisation, the OEEC (Organisation for European Economic Cooperation) founded on April 16, 1948, will emerge. The OEEC, precursor of the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) is created mainly to coordinate efforts under the European Recovery Program (Marshall Plan) for the reconstruction of a continent devastated by war. The total economic assistance provided by the ERP from April 3, 1947 to December 1951 (year the program ended), rises to about twelve billion dollars. By 1948 the ERP (Plan Marshall) had brought western Europe under the influence of the United States and the Soviets had already installed openly communist governments in eastern Europe. The Cold War, which probably began since the end of the Second World War, had been solidified.
Allied Control Council
Relations between the Western Allies (especially the United States and the United Kingdom) and the Soviet Union subsequently deteriorated, and so did their cooperation in the administration of occupied Germany. Within each zone each power ran its own administration, such as the (GMZFO) in Karlsruhe, the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (; , SVAG) in East Berlin, the Control Commission for Germany - British Element (CCG/BE) in , and the Office of Military Government, United States (OMGUS) in West Berlin and Frankfurt. Already in September 1946, disagreement arose regarding the distribution of coal for industry in the four occupation zones, and the Soviet representative in the council withdrew his support of the plan agreed upon by the governments of the United States, Britain and France. Against Soviet protests, the two English-speaking powers pushed for a heightened economic collaboration between the different zones, and on 1 January 1947 the British and American zones merged to form the Bizone. Over the course of 1947 and early 1948, they began to prepare the currency reform that would introduce the Deutsche Mark, and ultimately the creation of an independent West German state. When the Soviets learned about this, they claimed that such plans were in violation of the Potsdam Agreement, that obviously the Western powers were not interested in further regular four-power control of Germany, and that under such circumstances the Control Council had no purpose any more. On 20 March 1948, Marshal Vasily Sokolovsky, the Soviet representative, walked out of the meeting of the Council, never to return.
U.S.–Montenegro Business Council
The U.S. – Montenegro Business Council is a Maryland-based trade association aimed at promoting trade and investment opportunities between the United States and Montenegro. With offices in both Maryland and Montenegro, the U.S. – Montenegro Business Council makes available to its members a forum whereby they can familiarize themselves with the business opportunities available in both countries and identify appropriate institutions and individuals who can assist in this process. To fulfill this mission, the U.S. – Montenegro Business Council assists its members by providing them with the resources and knowledge necessary to successfully pursue business opportunities in the United States and Montenegro.
German Council of Economic Experts
The Council’s secretariat is based at the Federal Statistical Office of Germany in Wiesbaden.
Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia
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Marshall Plan
Truman signed the Economic Cooperation Act into law on April 3, 1948; the Act established the Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA) to administer the program. ECA was headed by economic cooperation administrator Paul G. Hoffman. In the same year, the participating countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, West Germany, the United Kingdom, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United States) signed an accord establishing a master financial-aid-coordinating agency, the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (later called the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development or OECD), which was headed by Frenchman Robert Marjolin.
Economic Community of Central African States
ECCAS began functioning in 1985, but was inactive for several years because of financial difficulties (non-payment of membership fees by the member states) and the conflict in the Great Lakes area. The war in the DR Congo was particularly divisive, as Rwanda and Angola fought on opposing sides. ECCAS has been designated a pillar of the African Economic Community (AEC), but formal contact between the AEC and ECCAS was only established in October 1999 due to the inactivity of ECCAS since 1992 (ECCAS signed the Protocol on Relations between the AEC and the regional blocs (RECs) in October 1999). The AEC again confirmed the importance of ECCAS as the major economic community in Central Africa at the third preparatory meeting of its Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) in June 1999.
Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation
"The Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization Business Council" was formed in 1992 as an international, non-governmental and non-profit organization to strengthen the improvement of the business environment within Black Sea region. Business Council represents the business communities of member states. The International Secretariat of Business Council is based in Istanbul.
Alliance for Securing Democracy
The ASD is governed by an Advisory Council and an operating staff who are drawn from the American Marshall Fund. "The Washington Post" called the membership of the advisory council "a who's who of former senior national security officials from both [the Democratic and Republican] parties." Members of the advisory council include Michael Chertoff (a Republican who worked in the George W. Bush administration as U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security) and Mike McFaul (a Democrat who worked in the Obama administration as U.S. Ambassador to Russia), former Estonian president Toomas Hendrik Ilves, neoconservative political analyst and commentator William Kristol, and Hillary Clinton foreign-policy adviser Jake Sullivan.
Hong Kong–Taiwan Economic and Cultural Co-operation and Promotion Council
ECCPC is located at the Central Government Offices in Admiralty.
Center for Economic Studies
The Center for Economic Studies (CES) is an independent institute within the Faculty of Economics of the University of Munich (LMU).
Centre for Macroeconomics
The Centre For Macroeconomics (CFM) is a research centre in London dedicated to investigation and development of new methodologies and research in order to inform economic policy decisions. It also focuses on ways to alleviate the effects of the global economic crisis through careful study of it. CFM is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), and was founded in 2012
Committee of European Economic Co-operation
The Committee of European Economic Co-operation (CEEC) was a joint European conference to determine the priorities for the recovery of the European economy after World War II, and to assist in the administration of the Marshall Plan. The committee, consisting of representatives from 16 European nations, met from 12 July to 22 September 1947 in Paris, France.
European League for Economic Cooperation
ELEC has advisory status at the Council of Europe and on the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.
OECD
The Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) was formed in 1948 to administer American and Canadian aid in the framework of the Marshall Plan for the reconstruction of Europe after World War II. It started its operations on 16 April 1948, and originated from the work done by the Committee of European Economic Co-operation in 1947 in preparation for the Marshall Plan. Since 1949, it was headquartered in the Château de la Muette in Paris, France. After the Marshall Plan ended, the OEEC focused on economic issues.
According to Yanis Varoufakis, the OEEC can be seen as a continental planning commission established by the victorious United States following the successful model of their planning commissions of the New Deal. The economic philosophy these commission followed can be characterized as Keynesian. The lead in the organisation should be in French hands, with a strong integration of the Germans.
Commercial Mortgage Securities Association
The CRE Finance Council is headquartered in New York City's financial district at 30 Broad Street.
National Economic Council (United States)
The National Economic Council (NEC) of the United States is the principal forum used by the President of the United States for considering economic policy matters, separate from matters relating to domestic policy, which are the domain of the Domestic Policy Council. The council forms part of the Office of White House Policy which contains the National Economic Council and other offices. The Director of the NEC is titled the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy and Director of the National Economic Council. The NEC is distinct from the Council of Economic Advisers (CEA), which was established in 1946. The CEA provides much of the objective empirical research for the White House and prepares the annual Economic Report of the President.
Center for Popular Economics
The Center for Popular Economics (CPE) is an American non-profit collective of progressive economists.
The founding members of the center are Samuel Bowles, Juliet Schor, Diane Flaherty, David Kotz, and Tom Riddell. Advisory committee members include Howard Zinn and Barbra Ehrenreich. The center is based in Amherst, Massachusetts.
Château de la Muette
The new château was appropriated by Nazi Germany's "Kriegsmarine" during the Second World War, and it was taken over by the United States Army after the liberation of France. In 1949, it became the headquarters of the Organization for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) set up under the Marshall Plan to help administer funds provided by the United States to promote post-war recovery and to encourage European economic cooperation. The OEEC developed into the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in 1961, with the new Château de la Muette as its headquarters.
United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
The United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA or ECA) was established in 1958 by the United Nations Economic and Social Council to encourage economic cooperation among its member states (the nations of the African continent) following a recommendation of the United Nations General Assembly.
Foreign trade of the Soviet Union
The Soviet Union formed the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon) in 1949, in part to discourage the countries of Eastern Europe from participating in the Marshall Plan and to counteract trade boycotts imposed after World War II by the United States and by Britain and other West European countries. Ostensibly, Comecon was organized to coordinate economic and technical cooperation between the Soviet Union and the member countries. In reality, the Soviet Union's domination over Comecon activities reflected its economic, political, and military power. In 1989 Comecon comprised ten countries: the six original members—Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union—plus the German Democratic Republic (East Germany, which joined in 1950), Mongolia (1962), Cuba (1972), and Vietnam (1978). Albania, although it joined in February 1949, has not participated in Comecon activities since 1961.
Darrick Hamilton
Darrick Hamilton is currently Professor of Economics and Urban Policy at The Milano School of International Affairs, Management and Urban Policy, and the Department of Economics, at The New School for Social Research. He is also the Associate Director of the Diversity Initiative for Tenure in Economics (DITE, funded by the National Science Foundation and housed at the Samuel Dubois Cook Center for Social Equity at Duke University); Senior Research Associate the Samuel DuBois Cook Center on Social Equity; the Immediate Past President of the National Economic Association; and former Co-Associate Director of the American Economic Association Summer Training and Minority Fellowship Program.
European Australian Business Council
The European Australian Business Council (EABC) is a non-for-profit corporate forum based in Sydney, Australia. The EABC's stated mission is to promote trade, investment and institutional co-operation between Australia and Europe by collaborating with Australian and European business groups, governments, public institutions, embassies, consulates, chambers of commerce and trade & investment agencies.
Hong Kong–Taiwan Economic and Cultural Co-operation and Promotion Council
The council is accessible within walking distance North from Admiralty Station of Hong Kong MTR.
Economic Cooperation Administration
The ECA had an office in the capital of each of the 16 countries participating in the Marshall Plan. In theory the ECA served as joint administrator of the Marshall Plan development projects in each European country. In practice, local officials knew far more about what was needed than ECA representatives, who developed a management strategy of listening to local officials and allowed them to set priorities for reconstruction assistance.
Union for the Mediterranean
The Euro-Mediterranean Ministers of Foreign Affairs decided at the Marseilles conference of November 2008 that the headquarters of the Secretariat would be at the Royal Palace of Pedralbes in Barcelona. They also agreed on the structure of this new key institution and the countries of origin of its first members:In 2017, the secretariat of the UfM has a staff of 60 persons from more than 20 nationalities, including the permanent presence of senior officials seconded from the European Commission, the EIB, and CDC.
OECD
In 1961, the OEEC was reformed into the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development by the Convention on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and membership was extended to non-European states. The OECD's headquarters are at the Château de la Muette in Paris, France. The OECD is funded by contributions from member states at varying rates and had a total budget of €374 million in 2017.
International Mutual Aid
International Mutual Aid (IMA) is a Maryland 501(c)(3) registered nonprofit organization working to provide disaster and emergency medical assistance to underserved populations outside of the USA.
International Mutual Aid was founded in November 2014 in response to the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa. IMA deployed a medical team to Kono District, Sierra Leone in December 2014.
Council of Economic Advisers (Greece)
The Council of Economic Advisers (; SOE) is an advisory body that is part of the Greek Ministry of Finance. The current Chairman of the Council is George Chouliarakis, also an Alternate Minister of Finance.
Mutual Defense Assistance Act
The Mutual Defense Assistance Act was a United States Act of Congress signed by President Harry S. Truman on 6 October 1949. For US Foreign policy, it was the first U.S. military foreign aid legislation of the Cold War era, and initially to Europe. The Act followed Truman's signing of the Economic Cooperation Act (the Marshall Plan), on April 3, 1948, which provided non-military, economic reconstruction and development aid to Europe.
Pacific Basin Economic Council
The Pacific Basin Economic Council (PBEC) is an influential independent business association founded by Weldon B. Gibson in 1967 with the objective of facilitating business in the Asia - Pacific region. It is currently located in Hong Kong and the Chief Executive is Deborah Biber.
Transatlantic Economic Council
The Council is co-chaired by an EU and a U.S. official. Currently,they are: Caroline Atkinson, Deputy National Security Advisor for International Economic Affairs; and Cecilia Malmström, European Commissioner for Trade. It meets at least once a year, called by the chairs.
International Association of Economic and Social Councils and Similar Institutions
The International Association of Economic and Social Councils and Similar Institutions (commonly known as AICESIS), an association under Dutch law, is established in Brussels, Belgium and has been founded on 1 July 1999, in Port Louis, Mauritius.
Council for Economic Education
The Council for Economic Education is working on a campaign to increase economic literacy.
United Nations Economic and Social Council
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The Conference Board
In January 2015, the Committee for Economic Development (CED) merged with The Conference Board, given the many synergies between the two organizations. Both are non-partisan, non-lobbying, and have members comprised mainly from the business community. CED's trusted policy voice in the nation's capital of Washington, D.C. expands the reach of The Conference Board's research; The Conference Board's economic data further strengthens CED's policy solutions.
European League for Economic Cooperation
Open to all ELEC members, there are several working commissions covering various areas of economic activity and cooperation in Europe such as Economic & Social, Mediterranean and Monetary. It is in the commissions that ELEC's essential research is carried out, as well as the drafting of position papers that give rise to various publications. They frequently call on external experts to present the issues which they examine. The Monetary and the Mediterranean commissions organize from time to time conferences, which are open to a larger public, including non-ELEC members.
United States Interagency Council on Homelessness
Increase economic security
Eurasian Economic Community
The Eurasian Economic Community was established for effective promotion of the creation by the Customs Union member states of a Single Economic Space and for coordinating their approaches while integrating into the world economy and the international trade system. One of the Organization's chief activity vectors is ensuring the dynamic evolution of the Community states through coordinating their economic and social reforms while effectively using their economic potentials to improve the living standards of their peoples.
Among the principal tasks of the Community are:The supreme body of the Eurasian Economic Community is composed of the Heads of State and Government of the member states. The Interstate Council considers the main issues of the Community relating to the common interests of member states, determines the strategy, direction and prospects of integration and takes decisions aimed at achieving the goals and objectives of the Community. The Interstate Council meets at the level of Heads of State at least once a year, and the heads of government - at least twice a year. The council takes decisions by consensus. The decisions taken are binding on all Member States of the Community.
Committee of European Economic Co-operation
From the viewpoint of today, one of the most tangible result from the activities of the CEEC was the establishment in 1948 of the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) to administer the Marshall plan from the European perspective. The OEEC is the precursor to today's Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
Paramanga Ernest Yonli
In July 2001, in Bobo Dioulasso, Yonli decided in agreement with the business world, to institutionalise exchanges between the government and the entire private sector. Welcomed by the Chamber of Commerce and development partners, this meeting which is held yearly in the economic capital allows countries to share their economic and social achievements over the past year, gauge the extent of challenges faced and forecast for the year ahead. This meeting, which still takes place today, has become a key tool for economic governance in Burkina Faso, because it allows the government to make their interventions in the economic sector more targeted, in line with medium and long-term economic planning benchmarks.
Institute for Economic Competitiveness
The UCF Institute for Economic Competitiveness (IEC) is an economic research institute of the College of Business Administration at the University of Central Florida located in Orlando, Florida, United States. The director of the institute is Sean Snaith.
Council for the Mathematical Sciences
It was established in 2001 by the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications, the London Mathematical Society and the Royal Statistical Society to provide a forum for mathematics.It is situated off the A4200 in Russell Square, next to the University of London in the offices of the London Mathematical Society. It is accessed via the Russell Square tube station on the Piccadilly Line.
Economic and Financial Affairs Council
The Economic and Financial Affairs Council (ECOFIN) is one of the oldest configurations of the Council of the European Union and is composed of the economics and finance ministers of the 28 European Union member states, as well as Budget Ministers when budgetary issues are discussed.
Amanuel Melles
He is a past member of the Toronto Region Immigrant Employment Council, past Board member of the Ontario Council for International Cooperation, Distress Centres Toronto, and past vice-president of the Community Social Planning Council of Toronto. Amanuel was the founding president of the African Canadian Social Development Council. He was the founding member of the Eritrean Canadian Society for Youth Advancement, mobilizing the community and providing leadership in public relations, project planning and implementation. He motivated volunteers to address stress and suicide prevention in the Eritrean Canadian community and co-founded the Canadians for Peace & Development in Eritrea (CPDE), an organization advocating peace and respect for human rights in the context of war between Eritrea and Ethiopia.
European Trade Union Confederation
At the meetings of the Macroeconomic Dialogue (MED), established in 1998, the social partners discuss economic policy with the EU Economic and Financial Affairs Council (ECOFIN), the European Central Bank (ECB), and the Commission. The ETUC wants greater trade union participation in economic governance at both EU and national level.
The ETUC supports public investment, a green economy, fair taxation and quality jobs for all. It opposes precarious work and austerity policies.
Central Vermont Community Action Council
Central Vermont Community Action Council or CVCAC is a non-profit community agency in Washington, Lamoille and Orange Counties founded in 1965 to help people achieve economic sufficiency through individual and family development. The administrative offices are in Barre.
Michael Froman
Between January 1993 and December 1995, Froman was Deputy National Security Advisor for International Economic Affairs on the United States National Economic Council, a position held jointly at the National Security Council and the National Economic Council.
He was Deputy Assistant Secretary for Eurasia and the Middle East, where his work was related to economic policy towards the former Soviet Union, Central and Eastern Europe, as well as economic components of the Dayton Accords. He was a Senior Fellow at the Council of Foreign Relations and a Resident Fellow at the German Marshall Fund.
Eurasian Economic Union
The Court of the Eurasian Economic Union replaced the Court of the Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC Court) in 2015. It is in charge of dispute resolution and the interpretation of the legal order within the Eurasian Economic Union. Its headquarters is in Minsk. The court is composed of two judges from each member state, appointed by the heads of government of the member states. Their term of office is nine years.
Economic and monetary union
An economic and monetary union is a type of trade bloc which is composed of an economic union (common market and customs union) with a monetary union. It is to be distinguished from a mere monetary union (e.g. the Latin Monetary Union in the 19th century), which does not involve a common market. This is the sixth stage of economic integration. EMU is established through a currency-related trade pact. An intermediate step between pure EMU and a complete economic integration is the fiscal union.Additionally the autonomous and dependent territories, such as some of the EU member state special territories, are sometimes treated as separate customs territory from their mainland state or have varying arrangements of formal or de facto customs union, common market and currency union (or combinations thereof) with the mainland and in regards to third countries through the trade pacts signed by the mainland state.
United States–European Union relations
The Transatlantic Economic Council is a bilateral forum for economic cooperation between the EU and US established during the 2007 US-EU Summit. It meets at least once per year and is jointly headed by the US Deputy National Security Advisor for International Economic Affairs and the EU's Commissioner for Trade.
Committee of European Economic Co-operation
On 14 June 1947, the French Foreign Minister, George Bidault, invited his British counterpart, Ernest Bevin, to Paris to discuss the proposal by the United States. Reports indicated that the Soviet Union had been contacted to gauge whether they were interested in participating in this meeting. On 17 June 1947, the two foreign ministers, along with subject matter experts, commenced a meeting to discuss tariffs and trade barriers, monetary reforms, and aid priorities. That same day, the British ambassador to the Soviet Union met with Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov to discuss the Marshall Plan with the Soviet leadership. On 19 June, the meeting in Paris was broken off, and a formal invitation to participate in further discussions was sent to Molotov.
Gulf Cooperation Council
Oman announced in December 2006 it would not be able to meet the 2010 target date for a common currency. Following the announcement that the central bank for the monetary union would be located in Riyadh and not in the UAE, the UAE announced their withdrawal from the monetary union project in May 2009. The name Khaleeji has been proposed as a name for this currency. If realised, the GCC monetary union would be the second largest supranational monetary union in the world, measured by GDP of the common-currency area.
Arab world
The main economic organisations in the Arab World are the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), comprising the states in the Persian Gulf, and the Union of the Arab Maghreb (UMA), made up of North African States. The GCC has achieved some success in financial and monetary terms, including plans to establish a common currency in the Persian Gulf region. Since its foundation in 1989, the UMA's most significant accomplishment has been the establishment of a 7000 km highway crossing North Africa from Mauritania to Libya's border with Egypt. The central stretch of the highway, expected to be completed in 2010, will cross Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. In recent years a new term has been coined to define a greater economic region: the MENA region (standing for Middle East and North Africa) is becoming increasingly popular, especially with support from the current US administration.
Eastern Bloc
Soviet dominance further tied other Eastern Bloc economies, except for Yugoslavia, to Moscow via the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) or Comecon, which determined countries' investment allocations and the products that would be traded within Eastern Bloc. Although Comecon was initiated in 1949, its role became ambiguous because Stalin preferred more direct links with other party chiefs than the indirect sophistication of the Council. It played no significant role in the 1950s in economic planning.
Enlargement of the Eurasian Economic Union
Mercosur is the South American trade bloc that unites Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela. In April 2016, the Eurasian Economic Commission held a working meeting between the Chairman of the Eurasian Economic Commission Tigran Sargsyan and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Republic. The parties discussed the developing relations between the Eurasian Union and Argentina as well as developing closer ties between the member states of MERCOSUR and the EAEU. A draft memorandum of future cooperation on trade and economic issues had been sent to MERCOSUR for consideration.
Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development
The Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (), abbreviated BMZ, is a cabinet-level ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany. Its main office is at the former German Chancellery in Bonn with a second major office at the Europahaus in Berlin.
The Support Center
The Support Center (TSC or formerly known as the North Carolina Minority Support Center) is a not-for-profit organization and a community development financial institution(CDFI), based in Raleigh, North Carolina. It is a statewide nonprofit that partners with Community Development Credit Unions (CDCUs) and community-based organizations to provide small business and mortgage lending services to its members; and to provide training, grants, and loans to create economic opportunities for individuals, families, and communities in underserved markets.
Pacific Economic Cooperation Council
The Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC) was founded in 1980 at the initiative of Mr Masayoshi Ohira and Mr Malcolm Fraser, then Prime Ministers of Japan and Australia respectively. Its founding name was the Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference with the final word changed to Council years later. The Council brings together leading thinkers, and decision makers from government and business in an informal setting to discuss and formulate ideas on the most significant challenges facing the Asia Pacific. It regularly develops and advocates regional policy initiatives to aid in the stable economic development of the region.
Henry Richardson Labouisse Jr.
Labouisse then served as the principal State Department officer working with the Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA) during the initial implementation of the Marshall Plan. He traveled to Paris in March 1948 as head of the mission to establish the ECA as the agency to administer United States economic aid to Europe. He returned to Europe in May 1948 as the head of the United States delegation to the Geneva meeting of the Economic Commission for Europe. Labouisse then served as coordinator of foreign aid and assistance in the State Department from June 1948 until October 1949, when he became director of British Commonwealth and Northern European Affairs. He held this post until September 1951. He began arguing for a tougher stance on aid in 1949, one that would force European economies to adjust to market forces. In September 1951, Labouisse was named head of the ECA's mission to France, journeying to Paris as head of the Marshall Plan mission. When the ECA was replaced by the Mutual Security Administration and the Foreign Operations Administration, Labouisse headed the Paris missions of both agencies from 1951 to June 1954.
Economic Cooperation Organization
The Economic Cooperation Organization or ECO is a Eurasian political and economic intergovernmental organization which was founded in 1984 in Tehran by the leaders of Iran, Pakistan, and Turkey. It provides a platform to discuss ways to improve development and promote trade and investment opportunities. The ECO is an "ad hoc" organisation under the United Nations Charter. The objective is to establish a single market for goods and services, much like the European Union. The ECO's secretariat and cultural department are located in Iran, its economic bureau is in Turkey and its scientific bureau is situated in Pakistan.
Council for Economic Education
The mission of the Council for Economic Education is to instill in young people the fourth “R”—a real-world understanding of economics and personal finance. It is only by acquiring economic and financial literacy that children can learn that there are better options for a life well lived, will be able to see opportunity on their horizon line and, ultimately, can grow into successful and productive adults capable of making informed and responsible decisions.
Business Council of Australia
The Business Council of Australia (BCA) is an industry association that comprises the chief executives of more than 100 of Australia's biggest corporations. It was formed in 1983 by the merger of the Business Roundtable – a spin-off of the Committee for Economic Development of Australia – and the Australian Industry Development Association. The organisation is headquartered in Melbourne with offices in Sydney and Canberra.
Turkic Council
Turkic Council is an observer at the Economic Cooperation Organization. The Organization has also applied for an observer status at the United Nations and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. Besides, Turkic Council maintains close cooperative relations with the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia.EEZ+TIA is exclusive economic zone (EEZ) plus total internal area (TIA) which includes land and internal waters.
World Economic Forum
The Network of Global Future Councils is said to be the world's foremost interdisciplinary knowledge network dedicated to promoting innovative thinking on the future. Network members meet annually in the United Arab Emirates and virtually several times a year. The second WEF annual meeting was held in Dubai in November 2017, when there were 35 distinct councils focused on a specific issue, industry or technology. In 2017 members met with representatives and partners of the Forum's new Center for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Ideas and proposals are taken forward for further discussion at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos-Klosters in January.
Economic and Financial Committee (European Union)
The Economic and Financial Committee (EFC) is a European Union advisory body, defined by the article 134 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. In 2012 Thomas Wieser because the committee's President, he is simultaneously the President of Eurogroup Working Group (advisory body of the Eurogroup). Vincenzo La Via became Vice-President in July 2015.
Prior the third stage of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) which began on 1 January 1999, the Economic and Financial Committee was preceded by the Monetary Committee, which was established by article 105 of the Treaty of Rome in 1957.
Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States
In the article 3 of the Agreement on the status of the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States, it is said that the location of the Court shall be Minsk, Republic of Belarus. The Treaty between the Republic of Belarus and the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States about the terms of residence of the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States on the territory of Belarus was signed on 22 November 1996.
United for a Fair Economy
United for a Fair Economy (UFE) is a national, nonpartisan, nonprofit Boston, Massachusetts-based movement support organization that highlights the detriments of uneven wealth distribution. UFE was co-founded by Chuck Collins and Felice Yeskel in 1995. It describes itself as "raising awareness that concentrated wealth and power undermine the economy, corrupts democracy, deepens the racial divide, and tears communities apart...supporting and helping build social movements for greater equality."  The current executive director is Jeanette Huezo.
Pacific Basin Economic Council
The purpose of the Pacific Basin Economic Council is to create and maintain an environment that facilitates the orderly conduct of business. 
The organization is funded by its corporate members.
The organization is informal in the sense that it does not include official government representation.
At the council's 12th general meeting in Los Angeles in 1978 the Pacific Economic Community Plan was proposed, calling for an economic community to coordinate solidarity and cooperation between countries of the region at different stages of development.
As of 1993 the PBEC was the main non-government organization involved in economic cooperation in the Pacific region.
East Midlands
Regional financial funding decisions for the East Midlands are taken by East Midlands Councils, based in Melton Mowbray. East Midlands Councils is an unelected body made up of representatives of local government in the region. The defunct East Midlands Development Agency was headquartered next to the BBC's East Midlands office in Nottingham and made financial decisions regarding economic development in the region. Since the Conservative-Lib Dem coalition government launched its austerity programme after the 2010 general election, regional bodies such as those have been devolved to smaller groups now on a county level. As a region today, there is no overriding body with significant financial or planning powers for the East Midlands.
United States foreign aid
The most well-known, and largest, United States aid program in the immediate post-war years was the European Recovery Program (ERP). More often known as the Marshall Plan, it was the creation of George Kennan, William Clayton, and others at the U.S. State Department under Secretary of State George Marshall. Publicly suggested by Marshall in June 1947, and put into action about a year later, the Plan was essentially an extension of the Greece–Turkey aid strategy to the rest of Europe. The U.S. administration considered the stability of the existing governments in Western Europe vital to its own interests. On 3 April 1948, President Truman signed the Economic Cooperation Act, establishing the Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA) to administer the program, and actual disbursements got underway. The focus was on promoting production, stabilizing currencies, and promoting international trade. To be eligible for the aid, a country had to sign an agreement with the United States government committing itself to the Act's purposes. The Communist countries were formally invited to participate in the Plan although Secretary Marshall thought it unlikely that they would accept and they did in fact decline the aid. Also in 1948, the United States and the recipient countries created the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC – it became the OECD in 1961) to coordinate the use of the aid. A large portion of the money given was used to purchase goods from the United States, and the ships used to transport the goods had to be of U.S. nationality. Until after the Korean War, military aid was not part of the plan.
The Marshall Plan ended in December 1951 and its functions were transferred to the Mutual Security Administration.
The United States government gave out about $12.5 billion under the Plan during its three-and-a-half year existence. The countries receiving the most were Great Britain ($3.3 billion), France ($2.3 billion) and West Germany ($1.4 billion).
African and Malagasy Union
In March 1964 the UAM changed its name to the Afro-Malagasy Union for Economic Cooperation (Union Africaine et Malgache de Coopération Économique; UAMCE). Moktar Ould Daddah was elected as the president of the organisation while the city of Yaoundé was selected as the headquarters seat. Subsequently, it confined itself to economic affairs and by 1966 had become inactive.
European Council on Refugees and Exiles
Advocacy
Council for Economic Education
The Council for Economic Education (the new name, since 2009 January, of the National Council on Economic Education) is an organization in the United States that focuses on the economic and financial education of students from kindergarten through high school.
Maryland Estonia Exchange Council
The Maryland Estonia Exchange Council, Inc., also known as MEEC, is a charitable tax exempt corporation to advance the friendship of the State of Maryland and Estonia by providing opportunities for partnerships that enhance cultural exchanges and strengthen political, economic, medical, educational, and security links.
Volunteers for Economic Growth Alliance
Volunteers for Economic Growth Alliance (VEGA) is an umbrella group consisting of 23 economic development organizations that integrate highly skilled volunteers into programs. VEGA is usually contracted by United States Agency for International Development (USAID) for specific projects that involve one or more of the Member organizations. The organization is headquartered in Washington, DC and its members have offices around the world in developing/transitioning economies where USAID operates.
Economic and Financial Affairs Council
The council meets once a month and decides mainly by qualified majority, in consultation or codecision with the European Parliament, with the exception of fiscal matters which are decided by unanimity. When the Ecofin Council examines dossiers related to the euro and EMU, the representatives of the Member States whose currency is not the euro do not take part in the vote of the Council.
African Economic Community
The African Economic Community (AEC) is an organization of African Union states establishing grounds for mutual economic development among the majority of African states. The stated goals of the organization include the creation of free trade areas, customs unions, a single market, a central bank, and a common currency (see African Monetary Union) thus establishing an economic and monetary union.
Missourians Organizing for Reform and Empowerment
Missourians Organizing for Reform and Empowerment (MORE) is an nonprofit, nonpartisan and social justice activist organization based in St. Louis, Missouri focused on improving economic equality for citizens of Missouri. The organization partners with a number of activist networks in the United States including New Economy Coalition, Rising Tide North America, and others.
Council for Economic Education
The Council for Economic Education measures through a biennial survey financial literacy education across the United States by state.
UNITED for Intercultural Action
UNITED has participatory status at the Council of Europe, is elected member of the Advisory Council on Youth of the Council of Europe and has since 1997 special consultative status with the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) of the United Nations.
Council of Arab Economic Unity
According to The Economic Unity Agreement approved on June 3, 1957, the Council of Arab Economic Unity desires to "Organize and consolidate economic relations among the States
of the Arab League on bases that are consistent with the natural and historical links among them; and to provide the best conditions for flourishing their economies, developing their resources and ensuring the prosperity of their countries."
The bases of economic relations between states in the Council of Arab Economic Unity are outlined in Chapter 1, Articles 1 and 2 of The Economic Unity Agreement:
Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States
The Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States is a judicial organ which was formed in order to provide exercising of its economic commitments by the participating states. The Court is empowered to consider the disputes in the fulfillment of economic commitments in accordance with international treaties within the framework of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The Court considers other disputes under the agreement of the participating states. It is also empowered to interpret international treaties and the acts of the CIS bodies. The location of the Economic Court is the city of Minsk, Republic of Belarus.
European League for Economic Cooperation
The European League for Economic Cooperation or ELEC (, LECE) is an independent political advocacy group which advocates for closer European integration.
High Corps of Spanish State Economists and Trade Experts
Within the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, the TCEE are present in the Secretariat of State for Economy and Business Support, and within it, in the Secretariat General for the Treasury and Financial Policy, in the Directorate General for Economic Policy and in the Directorate General for Macroeconomic Analysis and International Economy. The TCEE also can be found throughout the organizational structure of the Secretariat of State for Trade, which includes the network of Economic and Commercial Offices abroad, the commercial services of the Spanish representation vis a vis the international organizations (Permanent Representation of Spain vis a vis the European Union, the OECD and the UN), the Spanish Chambers of Commerce abroad, and several state agencies such as the ICEX and the local offices spread across the Spanish regions.
TCEE can also be found in independent bodies, such as the National Commission for Markets and Competition or the Independent Authority for Fiscal Responsibility. TCEE members are also present in other departments of the Central Government with marked economic aspects.