What was María Estela Martínez Cartas de Perón greatest accomplishment?
Isabel Martínez de Perón
María Estela Martínez Cartas de Perón (born 4 February 1931), better known as Isabel Martínez de Perón () or Isabel Perón, served as the 42nd President of Argentina from 1974 to 1976. She was the third wife of President Juan Perón. During her husband's third term as president from 1973 to 1974, Isabel served as both vice president and First Lady. Following her husband's death in office in 1974, Isabel served as president of Argentina from 1 July 1974 to 24 March 1976, when the military took over the government and placed her under house arrest for five years, before exiling her to Spain in 1981. She holds the distinction of having been the first woman to have had the title of "President", as opposed to a queen or prime minister.
Estela de Carlotto
Enriqueta Estela Barnes de Carlotto (Buenos Aires, born 22 October 1930) is an Argentine human rights activist and president of the association of Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo. One of her daughters, Laura Estela Carlotto, was kidnapped and missing while pregnant in Buenos Aires, in late 1977. Through stories, she could ascertain that her daughter had given birth to a boy, and that her grandson was appropriated and his identity changed. She searched for him for nearly 36 years, until, on August 5, 2014, after a DNA check voluntarily made by the person concerned, her grandson was identified, and became the 114th in the list of recovered grandchildren.
Independence movement in Puerto Rico
María de las Mercedes Barbudo, the first female Puerto Rican "Independentista", joined forces with the Venezuelan government, under the leadership of Simón Bolívar, to lead an insurrection against the Spanish colonial forces in Puerto Rico. The Spanish occupation forces were the object of more than thirty conspiracies. Some, like the Lares uprising, the riots and sedition of 1897 and the Secret Societies at the end of the 19th century, became popular rebellions. The most widespread popular revolts, however, were the one in Lares in 1868, and the one in Yauco in 1897.
Irene Martínez
Martínez became the first woman from the Central America and Caribbean region to surpass six metres for the long jump, doing so with a jumps of then at a meeting in Havana in April 1966. Her first major individual success followed at the 1966 Central American and Caribbean Games, where she succeeded fellow Cuban Díaz to the women's long jump title with a Games record of . (The title would remain in Cuban hands for all but one edition over the next 25 years, courtesy of wins by Marcia Garbey, Eloína Echevarría and Niurka Montalvo.) The 21-year-old won the third major international relay medal of her career, taking the silver with the Cuban women behind a Jamaican team led by 200 metres champion Una Morris. Martínez had a very patriotic approach to the competition and held up her performance as a tribute to her country – her greatest memory of the period was of Fidel Castro signing her two medals.
María la del Barrio
María la del Barrio (Lit: "Maria of the Slums"/English title: "Humble Maria") is a Mexican telenovela produced by Angelli Nesma Medina for Televisa in 1995. The series is a remake of "Los Ricos También Lloran". "María la del barrio" is considered one of the world's most popular and successful shows ever, having been broadcast in over 180 countries. It is the last part of the "Trilogía de las Marías".
María Colón Sánchez
Colón Sánchez saved enough money to open her own storefront, "Maria's News Stand," on Albany Avenue in Hartford. The location would also serve her as an office for much of her political work. In 1964, she founded the Puerto Rican Parade Committee and in 1965, she was elected treasurer of the "Puerto Rican Democrats of Hartford," a political organization which she helped organize. In 1967, she organized the Spanish Action Coalition, an advocacy network.
Maite Perroni
Renowned for her beauty, Maite was selected to be among the top ten of the "100 Most Beautiful Faces 2016" by TC Candler - the only Mexican on the list for 5 years in a row. She has also made "The 50 Most Beautiful People in the World" list by People Magazine En Español for 8 years running. Maite has been an ambassador for the brand Proactiv in the U.S. Hispanic market for a long time.
Esther Martinez
As an adult, Esther Martinez would become one of the greatest champions in the fight to preserve the Tewa language. New Mexico's first lady, Barbara Richardson, said "She went on to almost single-handedly save the Tewa language."
Cristina Parel
Cristina Perlas Parel (died April 10, 2011) was a Filipina statistician, the first Filipino to earn a doctorate in statistics, the former dean of the Statistical Center at the University of the Philippines, and at the time of her death the only professor emeritus of statistics at the University of the Philippines.
She was president of the Philippine Statistical Association in 1966 and 1969, the first female president of the association.
María Antonieta Pons
Pons met her second husband, the actor and director Ramón Pereda in 1950, when he contracted her to film "El ciclón del Caríbe". Pons and Pereda married soon after. With Pereda as director, Pons made films like "La reina del mambo" (1950), "María Cristina" (1950), "La niña popoff" (1952) and "Casa de perdición" (1954), among others. In 1952 she joined the Brazilian market with the film "Carnaval Atlántida" In the 1950s, she had famous film collaborations with Evangelina Elizondo in "¡Que bravas son las costeñas!" (1955); Antonio Espino "Clavillazo" in "Nunca me hagan eso" (1956); and with Germán Valdés "Tin Tan" in "Teatro del crímen" (1956), "Las mil y una noches" (1957), "La Odalísca no. 13" (1957), and "Una estrella y dos estrellados" (1959). 
Pons began alternating performances in films with performances in major theaters in Mexico City, like The Margo (today Blanquita) or the Follies Bergere.
Velda González
María Luisa Arcelay was a member of the Partido Coalicionista de Puerto Rico (The Puerto Rican Coalition Party). In the November 1932 elections, she was elected to represent the district of Mayagüez in the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico. This made Arcelay thereby the first Puerto Rican woman, and the first woman in all of Latin America, to be elected to a government legislative body, then in 1936 Maria M. de Pérez Almitory of the Liberal Party of Puerto Rico was elected the first ever female Senator in Puerto Rico. In 1952 Juana Rodríguez Mundo of the Popular Democratic Party (PPD) was elected at-large Senator and Antonia Cabrera de Fajardo of the Statehood Party was elected at-large by addition Senator. In 1956, Palmira Cabrera de Ibarra also of the Popular Democratic Party (PPD) was elected in the Arecibo District. In 1964 Josefina O. de Batle of the PPD was elected Senator. In 1968, Angeles Mendoza of the New Progressive Party (PNP) and Maria Arroyo de Colón of the Popular Democratic Party (PPD) were elected at-large Senators. In 1972, actress and singer Ruth Fernández was elected Popular Democratic Party (PPD) at-large Senator and also Sila Nazario de Ferrer (PNP - San Juan District). Fernandez served until 1980 when González replaced her in the Senate of Puerto Rico, making her the eleventh female to be elected in the history of that legislative body. c. González spent 25 years as a member of the Senate, being reelected in 1984, 1988, 1992, 1996, and 2000.
María Elena Moyano
María Elena Moyano Delgado (29 November 1958 – February 15, 1992) was a Peruvian community organizer, feminist and activist of Afro-Peruvian descent who was assassinated by the Maoist Shining Path ("Sendero Luminoso") Terrorist group. Although only one of many atrocities committed during the most violent period of Peru's modern history, her death resulted in a public outcry.
María Luisa Arcelay
Arcelay was named president of the Prices and Rationing Board #49 of Mayagüez, and was the director of the Victory bonds program in Puerto Rico during World War II. During the decades of the 40s and 50s, under her leadership, Puerto Rico's needlework industry grew to become the island's second-largest industry...second only to agriculture.
Dolores Gortázar Serantes
In terms of public and scholarly recognition Gortázar was first noticed as a translator; her Spanish "El arte poética" (1901) version of Horace's "Ars poëtica" won awards at the León Juegos Florales and was acknowledged with praise by Real Academia Española. She tried her hand in historiography, especially in paleography; entrusted with specific tasks by Real Academia de la Historia, she published two studies on San Miguel de Escalada (1899) and the Valvanera monastery (1907). Other historiographic works were a mid-size biographical study on St. Frances of Rome (1911) and a piece on Incarnation (1902).
In literature Gortázar obtained her biggest success as a novelist, the author of "El Cristo de la roca" (1911) and "La roca del amor" (1924). Both are in fact one and the same novel, the latter slightly re-edited to provide a sense of novelty; the disguise proved successful, as in contemporary press "La roca" was acknowledged as original. The novel is a love story, vaguely set in a milieu of Valencian aristocracy; it features a complex family intrigue. The plot is about overcoming a series of mysterious tragedies and misfortunes; Christian backbone of the protagonists, one of them a Catholic priest, enabled them to succeed. Falling into the typical genre fiction of the era, "El Cristo" / "La roca" is perhaps most interesting due to its narrative technique, as the story is made of different recollective accounts. Other Gortázar's prosaic attempts, a shorter novel and a collection of stories, were far less successful.
María Colón Sánchez
Maria Colón Sánchez (1926 - November 25, 1989) a.k.a. "La Madrina" (The Godmother), was an activist and politician who, in 1988, became the first Hispanic woman elected to the Connecticut General Assembly. She was also the founder of the Puerto Rican Parade Committee in 1964 and co-founded La Casa de Puerto Rico, the Society of Legal Services, the Spanish-American Merchants Association, the Puerto Rican Businessmen Association, and the Community Renewal Team.
Ana Fidelia Quirot
One of her most impressive career stats is a perfect 4-0 record against the great Maria Mutola, widely considered the greatest 800 metre runner in history, in World and Olympic competition. She cracked the 1:55 barrier on 2 occasions, and was the only female to break 1:55 between over a 25-year span from 1983 (Kratochvílová) to 2008 (Jelimo). She is one of a handful of women to ever be ranked No. 1 in the world in both 400 and 800 metres in the same year, a feat she achieved in her career year of 1989, when she was named IAAF track athlete of the year by the prestigious Track and Field News Magazine. She was quite possibly denied her elusive Olympic Gold in the 800 metres in 1988, and a medal in the 400 metres, had it not been for the boycott, as she was unbeaten in the 800 metres all year, and a world leader in the 400 metres.
María Emma Mejía Vélez
In 1993, Mejía Vélez became the first woman to be the Ambassador of Colombia to Spain. In 1995, as the Minister of Education, she designed and implemented the first Colombian Ten-Year Education Plan and issued the Manual of the Child written by the Nobel Prize- winning Gabriel García Marquez. As Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1996 to 1998, she was also the first woman to be designated as the Minister in Charge of the duties of the Office of the President. In 1999 she took part in the peace process with FARC and in the special commission for the ELN guerrilla groups.
Gabriela Mistral
Some of Mistral's best known poems include "Piececitos de Niño", "Balada", "Todas Íbamos a ser Reinas", "La Oración de la Maestra", "El Ángel Guardián", "Decálogo del Artista" and "La Flor del Aire". She wrote and published some 800 essays in magazines and newspapers; she was also a well-known correspondent and highly regarded orator both in person and over the radio.
María del Carmen Martínez Sancho
Martínez was born on July 8, 1901 in Toledo. She was the second of six children in the family of José Martínez and Emilia Sancho. Her father was an engineer and public worker, which resulted in the family living in several Spanish cities before they settled in Madrid. Her father was keen for his children to receive their education at the "Institución Libre de Enseñanza". He believed that boys and girls should have the same education, and supported her to complete high school classes at the University of Alcalá's Cardenal Cisneros Associated School. Here she became interested in mathematics and literature, and her parents encouraged her toward mathematics. Martínez herself was unhappy with the school: all students scored highly and there were no clear criteria for success. She finished her high school studies on July 1, 1918.
Tomás Eloy Martínez
He has published a number of books, one of which, "Santa Evita", has been translated into 32 languages and published in 50 countries. He was awarded the Guggenheim and Woodrow Wilson fellowships, and won the 2002 Premio Alfaguara de Novela for the novel "Flight of the Queen". His works deal primarily (but not exclusively) with Argentina during and after the rule of Juan Domingo Perón and his wife, Eva Duarte de Perón (Evita).
Elvia Carrillo Puerto
Carillo is noted as having devoted herself full-time to touring Southeastern Mexico with the goal of organizing Mayan women into leagues and preparing them for civic responsibility. The leagues would identify women of special aptitude and train them to fill elective posts in the city and state government. Carillo, after her brother and governor Felipe permitted women the right to vote and hold office, was elected in 1923 to the Yucatán legislature, Mexico's first female member of state legislature. Carillo won the election by an overwhelming 5,115 votes. While a member of government, Carillo promoted the issue of land reform, proposing plans that would provide "campesinos" with farms capable of sustaining their families. In doing so Carillo organized local chapters of women into Gualbertista Central Agrarian Communities for Females, named after her brother Gualberto, a senator and land reform activist.
María del Carmen Martínez Sancho
María del Carmen Martínez Sancho (Toledo, 1901 – Malaga, 1995) was the first woman in Spain to gain a PhD in Mathematics. She was the first Professor of Mathematics to work in secondary school education in Spain, and the first woman to be appointed to the "Board of Extension of Studies" at the University of Berlin. She was part of Madrid and Seville's "Instituto-Escuela."
María Teresa Obregón Zamora
Between 1948 and 1952, Obregón served in the Ministry of Education overseeing baccalaureate exams and in 1951 served as a delegate of the Inter-American Commission of Women. That same year, she became a co-founder of the National Liberation Party () and headed the Women's Committee for the party. Obregón was one of the first three women delegates to win a seat in the Costa Rican legislature, when in 1953, the first election in which women were allowed to vote, she, Ana Rosa Chacón and Estela Quesada won seats in the House of Deputies. She served as first Secretary of the Board of the Legislative Assembly and is credited as the first woman to deliver a speech in the Legislative Assembly. Obregón died in office on 29 September 1956 before her term had expired.
Elisa Martínez Contreras
When Arévalo returned to Guatemala in 1944, Martínez came with him. He ran in the presidential election and won, and took office as President of Guatemala on March 15, 1945, serving for a full six-year term; she then assumed the informal position of First Lady. She dedicated herself to pioneering work in Guatemala in the area of social services, and founded soup kitchens, homes for homeless children, nurseries, and other institutions. Elisa Martínez also began to take charge of day care centers and schools. According to reports, her successor as First Lady, Maria Cristina Vilanova, affirmed that Martínez asked her to take charge of Martínez's work during the inauguration of Arévalo's successor, Jacobo Arbenz, on March 15, 1951.
Estela Jiménez Esponda
During the elections and early tenure of President Lázaro Cárdenas when it appeared he was supportive of women's achievement of the vote, Jiménez served as a sector leader of Party of the Mexican Revolution (PRM) and was involved in the Frente Unico Pro Derechos de la Mujer (FUPDM) (United Front for Women‟s Rights). The FUPDM, which had begun in the 1920s, declined after the unsuccessful ratification of the amendment to Article 34 of the Constitution granting enfranchisement to women. Jiménez tried to revive the work, leading the PRM's Women's Block (1943), without much success especially when the party reorganized as PRI and she moved further left. As she saw the effects of malnutrition, labor laws which worked against women, and lack of laws to protect women and children, her ideology became more in line with the communist and socialist parties of Mexico.
Micaela Villegas
Maria Micaela Villegas Hurtado (September 28, 1748 – May 16, 1819), known as La Perricholi, was arguably the most famous Peruvian woman of the eighteenth century. She was a celebrated entertainer and the famous mistress of Manuel de Amat y Juniet, Viceroy of Peru from 1761 to 1776. Their son, Manuel de Amat y Villegas, was one of the signers of Peru’s declaration of independence from Spain on July 28, 1821.
Estela Quesada
She returned to Alajuela and began studying law at the University of Costa Rica, while simultaneously teaching at the Escuela León Vargas. In the late 1940s, she participated in the push for the right to vote for women and when it successfully passed in 1949, she began to look at politics. In 1950, she was promoted to serve as president of the National Education Association (ANDE). 1953 was a landmark year for Quesada, as she finished her law degree and won one of the first three seats ever awarded to a woman in the Costa Rican legislature. She earned the title of vice president of the legislature, and in 1957 became the first woman in the country's history to lead the work of parliament. When Mario Echandi Jiménez was elected president, he appointed Quesada as the first Minister in the country's history. As Minister of Education, she instituted a merit based system for teacher hirings, removed dress codes which were costly, improved public education and specifically focused on improving rural education completion rates.
Luis Enrique Rueda Otero
Career and Acomplishments
Margot Arce de Vázquez
Arce de Vázquez edited the works of Puerto Rican poet Luis Palés Matos. Two of her most important works were: "Notas Puertorriqueñas" (1950) ("Puerto Rican Notes") and "Gabriela Mistral, persona y poesía" (1958) ("Gabriela Mistral: The Poet and her Work"). These works were highly acclaimed and received awards from the Puerto Rican Institute of Literature.The Puerto Rican Academy of the Spanish Language bestowed upon Arce de Vázquez the title of "Profesora Emeritus" upon her retirement in 1970. Dr. Margot Arce de Vázquez died on November 14, 1990 in Hato Rey, Puerto Rico from Alzheimer's disease.
María Teresa de Borbón, 15th Countess of Chinchón
"Doña" María Teresa Carolina de Borbón y Vallabriga, Farnesio y Rozas was: the 1st "Marquesa" of Boadilla del Monte (letters patent of 4 August 1799); created the 96th Noble Dame of the Royal Order of Queen Maria Luisa on 10 October 1800 (her younger sister María Luisa (1780–1846) was made the 98th Noble Dame on the same day, and her mother was made the 99th Noble Dame on 7 December 1800); heir to her brother Luis María's House, and as such the 15th Countess of Chinchón, Grandee of Spain, with the Bourbon coat of arms (letter of 7 March 1804), and 1st Duchess of Sueca, Grandee of Spain, (letter of 7 March 1804).
María Antonia Santos Plata
She galvanized, organized, and led the rebel guerrillas in the Province of El Socorro against the invading Spanish troops during the Reconquista of the New Granada. She was captured, tried, and found guilty of lese-majesty and high treason. She was sentenced and executed by firing squad.
Tita Merello
Though Merello was not political, her success under the Perón regime made her a target and she was accused of trafficking Ceylon tea by an investigating commission. Fleeing to Mexico to escape, she thought she might never work again. There were many artists whose careers came to an end, many who believed that "laughing either at or with a working-class" person would never be possible again. There were no protections in place for artistic expression, leaving artists vulnerable to the whims of whomever was in power.
Concepción Arenal
Arenal's achievements were extraordinary in a largely traditional Spain, focusing her work on those marginalised in society. She wrote not only extensively on the state of prisons for both men and women, but also on the role of women in society in works such as "La Mujer del Porvenir" ["The Woman of the Future"] (1869), "The education of women", "The current state of women in Spain", "The work of women", "La mujer de su casa" ["The woman of the house"] (1883) and "Domestic service". It is this work which made her known as the founder of the feminist movement in Spain.
Women in Argentina
Following President Juan Perón's enactment of women's suffrage in 1949, First Lady Evita Perón led the Peronist Women's Party until her death in 1952, and helped enhance the role of women in Argentine society. Women played a significant role as both supporters and opponents of the National Reorganization Process, Argentina's last dictatorship, in the late 1970s, and the establishment of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo, an advocacy group led by mothers of the disappeared, was done by Azucena Villaflor de Vicenti and, mostly, other women, on the rationale that they would be less likely to be the targets of repression (Villaflor de Vicenti and her fellow founders were murdered by the regime in 1977). Women's rights in Argentina progressed in significant ways following the return of democracy in 1983. President Raúl Alfonsín signed laws in 1987 both limiting "Patria potestas" (the latitude given to a father regarding his treatment of fellow household members, particularly children) and legalizing divorce, helping resolve the legal status of 3 million adults living in legal separation. The Argentine quota law signed by President Carlos Menem in 1991 provides that one-third of the members of both houses of congress must be women, a goal achieved through balanced election slates. As of 2006, there were 29 women in the 72-seat Senate, 86 women in the 257-seat Argentine Chamber of Deputies, two female Supreme Court justices, and three women in the presidential cabinet. The President of Argentina, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner was elected in 2007; the runner-up in the crowded field was also a woman, Elisa Carrió.
María Estrada
Luisa Campuzano, in the fullest discussion of the problem, concluded that the sources support each other, and provide a consistent factual and psychological portrait, but other historians have been more cautious, suggesting that María de Estrada's military prowess may be a literary fiction, and inferring that she arrived in the New World too late to be the castaway rescued in 1513. A later date for her arrival in the Americas would imply that María de Estrada was Sanchéz Farfán's second wife, a different woman from the castaway he had married in Cuba, although the sources providing these dates seem to be unaware of his earlier marriage.
María Jesús Alvarado Rivera
After returning from exile, she devoted her time to radio, theater and cinema, with the primary purpose of getting voting rights for women in Peru. She also wrote a play, "The Perricholi", that was aired by Radio Nacional del Perú. She established the Academy of Dramatic Arts, "Ollanta", with her own money which found acceptance by the Ministry of Education as it helped to create the Directorate of Cultural and Art in Peru. In 1938, she mooted the introduction of the "Code of Rights" for women, in 1940, she wrote on the topic of "Eugenics and Child" in "Semana de la Salud". In 1945, the government approved her proposal to establish the national theater. She also became the Councillor of the Municipality of Lima.
The feminist movement launched by Alvarado Rivera took a long time to take shape, and it was only in 1955 that women got the right to vote in Peru. She died on May 6, 1971, at 92 years of age, a much disappointed woman as her efforts in the feminist movement did not get her acclaim during her lifetime.
Maria Elena Martinez
María Elena Martínez-Lopez (b. Pascuales, Durango, Mexico 2 December 1966, died Los Angeles CA, 16 November 2014) was a historian of colonial Mexico. Her landmark book, "Genealogical Fictions: Limpieza de Sangre, Religion, and Gender in Colonial Mexico" garnered significant academic recognition.
María Telo
María Telo Núñez (Cáceres, October 8, 1915 - Madrid, August 5, 2014) was a Spanish jurist and feminist, considered one of the 100 women of the 20th century for her defense of women's rights. In 1944, she opposed the Technical Body of Civil Administration of the Ministry of Agriculture, being the first woman to access it. In 1976, she organized the First International Congress of Women Lawyers that took place from December 13 to 16 in Madrid. She has got and been awarded many prizes for her commitment to justice and for her struggle in favor of democracy and women's equality.
Justicialist Party
The Justicialist Party was founded in 1947 by Juan and Evita Perón, and superseded the Labour Party on which Perón had been elected a year earlier. Following the enactment of women's right to vote in 1948, a Peronist Women's Party, led by the First Lady, was also established. All Peronist entities were banned from elections after 1955, when the "Revolución Libertadora" overthrew Perón, and civilian governments' attempt to lift Peronism's ban from legislative and local elections in 1962 and 1965 resulted in military coups.
Basing itself on the policies espoused by Juan Perón as president of Argentina, the party's platform has from its inception centered around populism, and its most consistent base of support has historically been the CGT, Argentina's largest trade union. Perón ordered the mass nationalization of public services, strategic industries, and the critical farm export sector, while enacting progressive labor laws and social reforms, and accelerating public works investment.
Margot Taulé
In 1966 a group of professors and distinguished intellectuals frustrated with the situation in the Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo founded the Universidad Nacional Pedro Henriquez Urena (UNPHU). Margot Taule was one of the founding professors and a member of the main steering committee. In UNPHU she worked as professor in the civil engineering, architecture and mathematics department. At various times she also held the position Dean of Architecture, Dean of Engineering and in 2003 was elected by the board of trustees as President of the university, a position she held until 2005. In 1985 she received the title of Distinguished Professor by UNPHU citing her contributions to education in engineering and architecture.
Celia Castro
Thanks to this recognition, Castro was able to go to Paris to refine her technique. She was especially fond of painting the city's streets and corners. On her return, these new works prompted the government to give her a study grant and she went back to Europe in 1904. She was the first woman to receive such a grant. During this visit, her brushwork became more precise. It was then she created her second best-known work, "La Poda" (The Pruning).
María Elena Marqués
Her first film was "Dos corazones y un tango" (1942) where she performed with the Argentine tango singer Andrés Falgás.
In 1943 she worked in "Doña Bárbara" with María Félix, "Romeo y Julieta", with Cantinflas, and "Así se quiere en Jalisco", with Jorge Negrete. She worked again with Negrete in "Me he de comer esa tuna" (1945) and "Tal para cual" (1951).
In her best-known role, Marqués starred in the 1947 film "La perla" ("The Pearl"); she played the wife of a fisherman who finds the ill-fated pearl. The film was based on John Steinbeck's book "The Pearl". The film was directed by Emilio Fernández and her co-star was Pedro Armendáriz.
Marqués was directed again by Fernández in "Cuando levanta la niebla" (1952), "Reportaje" (1953) and "Pueblito" (1961). She worked in Hollywood in "Across the Wide Missouri" (1951) opposite Clark Gable, and in "Ambush at Tomahawk Gap" (1953), with John Hodiak.
Amparo Menendez-Carrion
Amparo Menéndez-Carrión (born 1949 in Uruguay and naturalized Ecuadorean) is an author and a scholar specialized in comparative politics and Latin American studies. She received her BA in Political Science at the University of Minnesota and her M.A. and Ph.D in International Relations and Comparative Politics at The Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. She was Director General of FLACSO Ecuador (Latin American Graduate School of Social Sciences at Quito) for two consecutive terms (1987-1995). Her book "La Conquista del Voto en Ecuador" (Quito, FLACSO-CEN, 1986) was declared by her peers ‘Best Book of the Year in the Social Sciences’ (December 1986). Her most recent book ("Memorias de Ciudadanía. Los Avatares de una Polis Golpeada. La Experiencia Uruguaya", Montevideo: Fin de Siglo, three-volumes, 2015) was recipient of the Bartolome Hidalgo award for non-fiction book of 2016 in Uruguay.
Eva Perón
Eva Perón has become a part of international popular culture, most famously as the subject of the musical "Evita" (1976). Cristina Álvarez Rodríguez claims that Evita has never left the collective consciousness of Argentines. Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, the first woman elected President of Argentina, claims that women of her generation owe a debt to Eva for "her example of passion and combativeness".
Daniela Castro
Also in her acting career she acted in "Mi pecado" where she played Rosario, her greatest antagonist to date. She considers that "Cadenas de Amargura" is the telenovela that gave her the success and recognition that made her the actress she is today. This was not a big production and did not have a big cast in it, but the story and episodes were already written and the characters were perfectly defined which they believe is the main reason for its success. Diana Bracho was part of the cast who is one of the best actresses in Mexico. Raul Araiza who played her boyfriend in the story was also her boyfriend in real life. Cynthia Klitbo, Delia Casanova, Fernando Luján, Alexis Ayala and Raymundo Capetillo also participated in this story. Daniela plays Cecila Vizcaino, a young girl whose parents die in a tragic accident and she is sent to her aunt's house, Evangelina who is a very possessive, moral and religious person who wants to control her life, prevent her from committing sin and live a life, on the other hand her aunt Natalia (Delia Casanova) is good to her and is the one that protects her. Daniela plays a very timid, quiet girl who although tries to fight for her right to live her life, trusts her aunts without knowing all the pain one of them is causing her.
Marcela Paz
In 1933 Ester published her first novel "Tiempo, papel y lápiz" which obtained a good reception from critics. The same year, contradicting her idea of no getting married, married José Luis Claro.
Teresa Perales
Perales was awarded the Gran Cruz del Mérito Deportivo. She was the first Spanish Paralympian to be awarded this honour, and the 34th person in the nation's history to receive the award. She has also been awarded the Medalla de Oro de la Real Orden del Mérito Deportivo and the Medalla al Mérito Deportivo del Gobierno de Aragón.
Mercedes Arias
Arias was trained by Juan Morel Campos and Julio Arteaga. She was "one of the greatest pianists and composers Ponce had". Her compositors are "saturated with beauty." Among them are ""Renacimiento"" (Renaissance), and ""Flores y Perlas"" (Flowers and Pearls). She was one of the first musician contracted by Jaime Pericas Díaz in his concert hall orchestra in 1926. She was also highly applauded and regarded in her solo concerts. Under the leadership of Juan Morel Campos, Lizzie Graham and Arias, many representations, concerts, discussions and recitals occurred in Ponce. She also worked at Teatro Delicias interpreting the piano sound synchronization that accompanied the soundless films of the time. During the 1880s, Julio Arteaga, Juan Ríos Ovalle and Mercedes Arias would often perform together at popular events.
Elisa Martínez Contreras
Elisa Martínez Contreras (c. 1900 – April 15, 1985) was the first wife of Juan José Arévalo, and First Lady of Guatemala during Arévalo's presidency from 1945 to 1951. She was a teacher of primary education, and her social work supported children. While First Lady, she founded Guatemala's first soup kitchens and homes for homeless children.
Teresa Perales
Because of her sporting achievements, Perales was awarded the Gran Cruz del Mérito Deportivo and the Medalla de Oro de la Real Orden del Mérito Deportivo. She has earned several other honors including being named the Woman of the Year by the Spanish women's magazine "Mujer hoy".
Enrique Zileri
Enrique Zileri Gibson (4 June 1931 – 24 August 2014) was the publisher of "Caretas" (Masks), Peru's leading newsmagazine, which was cofounded by his mother Doris Gibson. He ran the magazine as "a symbol of resistance" against successive Peruvian dictators and their censors. He won many international honours, including the Maria Moors Cabot Prize (1975), but was twice deported by his own government, and the magazine was shut down at least eight times. The Peruvian Nobel laureate Mario Vargas Llosa called him an "indefatigable defender of freedom and democracy" who "could never be bribed or intimidated".
María Estrada
Most of the early sources refer to María de Estrada in general terms among the small number of women who accompanied the army at this time, but two writers of the later sixteenth century single her out as a soldier. The Tlaxcallan chronicler Diego Muñoz Camargo wrote that she fought her way out of the city as a rodelero during the battle, proving herself "as good a warrior as any man", and that she participated in the decisive charge of armored cavalry at the Battle of Otumba. The Dominican historian Diego Durán claims that she subsequently led a force of conquistadors into the area around Popocatépetl, where, she defeated the Nahua Indians of Hueyapan, charging head first and screaming "Santiago!"
María Teresa Obregón Zamora
María Teresa Obregón Zamora (1888-1956) was a teacher, suffragist and politician in Costa Rica. She was part of the group that formed the Asociación Nacional de Educadores (ANDE) (National Association of Educators) and fought for women's enfranchisement. After winning the vote, she helped found the National Liberation Party of Costa Rica and was one of the first three women elected as a Deputy of the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica. In 2002, Obregón was honored as one of the inaugural group of women inducted into La Galería de las Mujeres de Costa Rica (The Women's Gallery of Costa Rica).
Estela Quesada
Estela Quesada (1924–2011) was a Costa Rican teacher, lawyer and politician. She was one of the first three women elected to the Costa Rican legislature in the first election after women attained enfranchisement. She was the first woman to hold a cabinet-level position in Costa Rica as Minister of Education and was later the first woman to serve as minister of Labor and Social Security. She was inducted into the National Women's Institute Gallery as an Outstanding Woman of Costa Rica in 2009.
Esther Martinez
She lived to be 94 years old, and was known for her commitment to preserving the Tewa language. Her "San Juan Pueblo Tewa Dictionary" was published in 1982.
María Luisa Arcelay
María Luisa Arcelay (December 23, 1898 – October 17, 1981), was an educator, businesswoman and politician. In November 1932, she became the first woman in Puerto Rico to be elected to a government legislative body, when she was elected to represent the district of Mayagüez in the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico.
Isabel Martínez de Perón
Although she lacked Evita Perón's charisma, the grieving widow at first attracted support from the nation. She pledged to uphold the social market economy policies embodied in the 1973 "Social Pact" as well her husband's long-held economic nationalism; her first significant economic policy decisions were the enactment of a new, pro-labor employment contract law and the granting to YPF of a monopoly over filling stations. Even extremist groups, having fallen out with Juan Perón in previous months, publicly offered support to her. However she cancelled meetings with various constituent and political groups, and the sympathy resulting from her husband's death soon dissipated. Her government purged most leftists from university posts and the administration, and (as her husband and other Argentine presidents had done) used Federal intervention powers to unseat leftist governors. Following a string of political murders and a break by the Montoneros with the government, on 30 September Perón signed the Anti-Terrorism Law. This was the first in a series of measures which eroded constitutional rights, ostensibly for the sake of combating leftist violence.
Teresa de la Parra
She rebelled against the limited expectations for women of her class by long hours of reading and writing. Her fantastic stories were published in the newspaper "El Universal", and her "Diary of a Caraqueña in the Far East" was published in the magazine "Actualidades". De la Parra's story "Mama X" earned first prize in a contest held in a provincial Venezuelan city. This story, as well as her "Diary of a young lady who writes because she is bored" (which was published in the magazine "La Lectura Semanal") was the beginning of her first major work.
Elisa Ortiz de Aulestia
Elisa Ortiz de Aulestia (1909–1991) was an Ecuadorian teacher and writer. Her ideas reflected the principles of the feminist movement in the 60´s. Women´s development through education is the main topic of many of her pedagogical reflections. As an active socialist, she was a member of the PSE (Partido Socialista Ecuatoriano) as she believed it to be the national revindication movement, that represented principles to fulfill Ecuadorian needs. She and her husband invested their intellectual effort, as well as their own economic resources, to change the methodology that teachers used in Ecuadorian schools. Her work is considered a milestone in the struggle to reach quality education for women.
Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Mother of God
At the time of her death, Pontes had been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, she had received two personal audiences with Pope John Paul II, and she had, almost single-handedly, created one of the largest and most respected philanthropic organizations in Brazil, the Social Works Foundation of Sister Dulce. She was named the most admired woman in the history of Brazil by the "Estado de São Paulo" paper, and the most influential religious person in Brazil during the 20th century, by "Isto É" magazine.
María Esther Corán
María Esther Corán was an Argentine actress. She starred in films such "Fúlmine" (1949), "El nieto de Congreve" (1949), "La melodía perdida" (1952), "Marta Ferrari" (1956) and "El ayudante" (1971). One of her best known roles was in the 1961 TV series "Viendo a Biondi", co-starring Pepe Biondi. In 1997 she was honored with the Día del Actor award for her 50-year career.
Maria Teresa Fontela Goulart
Maria Teresa chose to wear haute couture outfits to public events, and became a fashion icon, being compared to Jacqueline Kennedy and appearing on the covers of a large number of magazines. Her personal stylist was Dener Pamplona de Abreu. Prior to the coup, she was named one of the ten most beautiful women in the world by "People" magazine.
Eva Estrada Kalaw
Evangelina Estrada Kalaw (June 16, 1920 – May 25, 2017) was a Filipino stateswoman who served as a Senator in the Senate of the Philippines from 1965–1972 during the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos. She was one of the key opposition figures against Marcos' 20-year authoritarian rule and was instrumental in his downfall during the People Power Revolution. As a senator, she authored several laws relating to education in the Philippines, such as the salary standardization for public school personnel, the Magna Carta for Private Schools, the Magna Carta for Students, and an Act to institute a Charter for Barrio High Schools. She was also among the Liberal Party candidates injured during the Plaza Miranda bombing on August 21, 1971.
Fernanda Montenegro
Arlette Pinheiro Esteves Torres (born October 16, 1929), better known by her stage name Fernanda Montenegro, is a Brazilian stage, television and film actress. Considered by many the greatest Brazilian actress of all time, she is often referred to as the great lady of Brazilian theater, cinema and dramaturgy. She was the only Brazilian yet nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress. She is also the only actress nominated for an Oscar for a performance in Portuguese language, being nominated for her work in "Central Station" (1998). In addition, she was the first Brazilian to win the International Emmy in the category of best actress by the performance in "Doce de Mãe" (2013).
Juana Manuela Gorriti
Of interest, but not often noted, was her on-again, off-again, three-year stay in Lima where she served as a mentor for a whole generation of women writers. This resulted in her publication of a short but influential novel "La Quena" in the prestigious newspaper El Comercio. Later as Peruvian politics began to stabilize she contributed to the institutionalization of Peruvian literature by collaborating in the Revista de Lima with stories like "El Angel Caido", "Si haces mal no esperes bien" and others. By organizing and hosting her tertulias, she provided a great opportunity for many female writers like Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera, Clorinda Matto de Turner and Teresa González de Fanning to come together and discuss literature, progress, and the progress of women. Many of the attendees would later go on to write more about these subjects, including Teresa González de Fanning, who founded an enlightened women's movement.
Juana Inés de la Cruz
Arguably the most important book devoted to Sor Juana, written by Nobel Prize laureate Octavio Paz in Spanish and translated to English in 1989 as "" (translated by Margaret Sayers Peden). This work examines and contemplates Sor Juana's poetry and life in the context of the history of New Spain, particularly focusing on the difficulties women then faced while trying to thrive in academic and artistic fields. Paz describes how he had been drawn to her work by the enigmas of Sor Juana's personality and life paths. "Why did she become a nun? How could she renounce her lifelong passion for writing and learning?"However, it wasn't only the enigmas that attracted Paz to research on the nun's life and works. Octavio Paz's book on Sor Juana is perhaps his most personal search. It is unavoidable to see the coincidences between these two writers, separated by more than 3 centuries, and who are the product of a Mexico that has yet to resolve its own historical identity. Sor Juana, who possessed an admirable genius, was trapped within a context that did not understand, nor accept her completely. On the other hand, we have an Octavio Paz who also felt a fractured connection with his own country. A country he constantly tried to comprehend through his writings.
In his book, Paz makes a thorough analysis of Sor Juana's poetry and traces some of her influences to the Spanish writers of the Golden Age and the Hermetic tradition, mainly derived from the works of a noted Jesuit scholar of her era, Athanasius Kircher. Paz analyses Sor Juana's most ambitious and extensive poem, "First Dream" ("Primero Sueño") as largely a representation of the desire of knowledge through a number of hermetic symbols, albeit transformed in her own language and skilled image-making abilities. In conclusion, Paz makes the case that Sor Juana's works were the most important body of poetic work produced in the Americas until the arrival of 19th-century figures such as Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman.
Emília Pires
Some of Pires' main achievements are:
Emilia Pires led the planning process for the first Timorese National Development Plan and East Timor’s Vision 2020, as well as chairing the UNDP Working Group to produce the first East Timor National Human Development Report.
Alberto Cardín
According to Alberto Mira, Cardín was of the great Spanish heterodox thinkers of his time. His constant polemic, both intellectual and personal, his lack of respect for conventions and academic protocols, led him to write on an enormous number of topics, including his reflections on contemporary culture, anthropology, religion and philosophy. The lyrical work of Cardín is assembled in "Paciencia del destino" (1980), "Despojos" (1981), and "Indículo de sombras" (1983).
Aside from his lyrical work, Cardín is known for his work as a translator, one of the highlights of which is "Marcel Proust, the veiled visitor: [Cartas y documentos inéditos] (1982) by Princess Marthe Bibesco.
Elizabeth Martínez
Elizabeth "Betita" Martínez (born December 12, 1925) is an American Chicana feminist and a long-time community organizer, activist, author, and educator. She has written numerous books and articles on different topics relating to social movements in the Americas. Her best-known work is the bilingual "500 years of Chicano History in Pictures", which later formed the basis for the educational video "¡Viva la Causa! 500 Years of Chicano History". Her work has been hailed by Angela Y. Davis as comprising "one of the most important living histories of progressive activism in the contemporary era ... [Martínez is] inimitable ... irrepressible ... indefatigable."
José Alonso (trade unionist)
When María Estela Martínez, Perón's third wife, traveled to Argentina to head the opposition to Vandor, Alonso became her main counselor. Meanwhile, the government and the military supported internal struggles among the CGT, particularly following Labor Minister Rubens San Sebastián's implementation of a "divide and conquer" policy, around 1966.
María Luisa Martínez de García Rojas
María Luisa Martínez de García Rojas (1780 – 1817) was an insurgent and heroine of the Mexican War of Independence. Born in Erongarícuaro, Michoacán, she was the wife of Esteban García Rojas “El Jaranero”, a member of a regionally important family involved in the production of "jaranas"; both ran a small store. She joined the rebels as a spy provided reports. Her dispatches were found by authorities and she was fined and jailed several times. The last time she was imprisoned she was ordered to pay a larger fine, unable to do so, she was executed in Erongaricuaro, Michoachán in 1817.
Maria Teresa Maia Gonzalez
She studied in the Faculty of Letters of the University of Lisbon and was a Portuguese teacher from 1982 to 1997. She has published many books, including "Gaspar & Mariana", "A Fonte dos Segredos", "O Guarda da Praia", "O Incendiário Misterioso", "Cartas de Beatriz", as well as being the author of the "Profissão: Adolescente" collection, with 13 books and over 300,000 copies sold. Together with Maria do Rosário Pedreira, she is also a co-author of "O Clube das Chaves", a collection with 21 books which has been adapted to a television series. Her most successful book is "A Lua de Joana", with 220,000 copies sold (which has been translated into German, Bulgarian, Chinese, Spanish and Albanian).
Eva Perón
In his essay titled "Latin America" published in "The Oxford Illustrated History of Christianity", John McManners claims that the appeal and success of Eva Perón are related to Latin American mythology and concepts of divinity. McManners claims that Eva Perón consciously incorporated aspects of the theology of the Virgin and of Mary Magdalene into her public persona. Historian Hubert Herring has described Eva Perón as "Perhaps the shrewdest woman yet to appear in public life in Latin America."
María Rosa Urraca Pastor
María Rosa Urraca Pastor (1900–1984) was a Spanish Carlist politician and propagandist. She is known mostly as a thrilling orator, one of the best public speakers of the Second Spanish Republic. She is also noted as head of Delegación Nacional de Frentes y Hospitales, the Nationalist wartime organization catering for the wounded.
Maria (Meria Aires)
Other Achievements
Antonia Ferrín Moreiras
The thesis that she defended in 1963 with the help of Aller, even though he was 80 years old, was probably her greatest accomplishment not only because it was the first read in the Faculty of Mathematics of the USC, but also the first one defended by a woman addressing the issue of astronomy in Spain. In 1963, she was appointed as full-time professor of mathematics in the Escuela de Magisterio Santa María in Madrid and she also worked as professor of mathematics in the degree of medicine for two years. In addition, she taught astronomy and celestial mechanics, she served in management, and sat on the selection boards. She also participated in the first international meetings of mathematics that were carried out in Spain.
Patrice Roberts
Her greatest achievement so far has been winning the 2006 Road March competition with the song "Band of the Year" sung with Machel Montano.
Elsa Martinez Coscolluela
Her career as a poet lasted between 1965 and 1973 and these poems are published in a book entitled "Katipunera and Other Poems" published in 1998. In 1973 she focused her writing efforts to writing plays and also to pursue an academic career. Her best known play that earned her great acclaim as a playwright is "In My Father's House" which staged production both in the University of the Philippines and the Cultural Center of the Philippines in the year 1988. This play was also the official Philippine entry to the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) Drama Festival held in Singapore in 1989. In My Father's House was also staged in New York, San Francisco, Kyoto, and the Philippines.
Maria de las Mercedes Santa Cruz y Montalvo
Her most important works are "Mis doce primeros anos" (Paris, 1833); "Memoires d'une Creole" (1835); "Ocios de una mujer de gran mundo" (1837); "L'esclavage aux colonies Espagnoles" (1840); "La Havane" (3 vols., 1842); "Les lionnes de Paris" (1845); and "Le due d'Athenes" (1848). Many of her works have been translated into several European languages; some of them were written originally in Spanish, though the majority were in French.
María Teresa León
María Teresa León (31 October 1903 – 13 December 1988) was a Spanish writer, activist and cultural ambassador. Born in Logroño, she was the niece of the Spanish feminist and writer María Goyri (the wife of Ramón Menéndez Pidal). She herself was married to the Spanish poet Rafael Alberti. She contributed numerous articles to the periodical "Diario de Burgos" and published the children's books "Cuentos para soñar" and "La bella del mal amor".
María Eugenia Rojas Correa
María Eugenia Rojas Correa (born 6 October 1932) is a retired Colombian political figure. The daughter of the 19th President of Colombia, Gustavo Rojas Pinilla. In 1974 she became the first woman to run for president in all of Latin America, managing to get third place in representation of the National Popular Alliance, the party that she and her father helped create. She also served as Member of the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia from 1962 to 1964, and as Member of the Senate of Colombia from 1966 to 1974.
Tomás Eloy Martínez
Born in San Miguel de Tucumán, Martínez obtained a degree in Spanish and Latin American literature from the University of Tucumán, and an MA at the University of Paris. From 1957 to 1961 he was a film critic in Buenos Aires for the "La Nación" newspaper, and he then was editor in chief of the magazine "Primera Plana" between 1962 and 1969. From 1969 to 1970 he worked as a reporter in Paris. In 1969 Martínez interviewed former Argentine President Juan Domingo Perón, who was exiled in Madrid. These interviews were the basis for two of his more celebrated novels: "La Novela de Perón" (1985) and "Santa Evita" (1995). In 1970 he and many former writers of "Primera Plana" worked at the magazine "Panorama", where Martínez was the director.
Sandra María Esteves
Productions
Patricia Mercado
She was the presidential candidate for Alternativa during the 2006 elections, obtaining 2.7% of the popular vote, which was enough to secure the party's national registration. Her campaign was considered particularly successful, considering she ran without any private or public funding. The first presidential debate during the campaign is considered her most important breakthrough.
María Teresa León
After the Republican defeat they fled to Paris via Oran. They lived in Paris until the end of 1940 working as translators for French radio and as announcers for the broadcasts of "Paris-Mondial" in Latin-America. After the German occupation of France they sailed from Marseilles to Buenos Aires on the SS Mendoza where they were reunited with thousands of other Spaniards who had been forced to flee their country. Here she used exile to her advantage to criticize her country and avoid the Francoist censorship. In 1941 María gave birth to their daughter, the poet Aitana. During the 1940s and 1950s she gave readings of her work at benefits that aided Nazi victims or striking workers in Argentina; many of which were in organized in collaboration with soprano Isa Kremer who sang at these benefits. With the arrival of Juan Perón the political and artistic censorship imposed made life increasingly difficult in Argentina and in 1963, after a 23-year stay in Buenos Aires, they moved to Rome. On 27 April 1977 they returned to Spain after almost thirty-eight years of exile. María, however, was suffering from Alzheimer's and could not recognize even her closest old friends. She spent her last years in a sanatorium in the mountains outside Madrid. She died on 13 December 1988 and is buried in the cemetery at Majadahonda just outside Madrid. On her grave are the words written by her husband: "Esta mañana, amor, tenemos veinte años" (This morning, love, we are twenty years old). María Teresa León always carried her love for Gonzalo and Enrique, her first children. In her life she suffered from the separations produced by two exiles: the first from her children, and then from her country.
María Luisa Penne
After returning to Puerto Rico, Mrs. Castillo or "la teacher" - as she was known to her disciples - began to work for the empowerment of women in the art world, a field traditionally reserved for male members of society. She firmly believed in the importance of education as a means to achieve such empowerment. Therefore, she decided to get involved in the field of art education.
María Goyri de Menéndez Pidal
María Goyri de Menéndez Pidal (1873–1955) was a Spanish Hispanist, literary critic, researcher, educator and advocate for women's rights. In 1896 she became the first Spanish woman to earn a degree in Philosophy and Letters and the first to earn her doctorate, in 1909, at a Spanish university (the University of Madrid). She was the wife of Ramón Menéndez Pidal.
Eva Perón
In 1936, Eva toured nationally with a theater company, worked as a model, and was cast in a few B-grade movie melodramas. In 1942, Eva experienced some economic stability when a company called "Candilejas" (sponsored by a soap manufacturer) hired her for a daily role in one of their radio dramas called "Muy bien", which aired on "Radio El Mundo" (World Radio), the most important radio station in the country at that time.Later that year, she signed a five-year contract with "Radio Belgrano", which assured her a role in a popular historical-drama program called "Great Women of History", in which she played Elizabeth I of England, Sarah Bernhardt, and the last Tsarina of Russia. Eventually, Eva Duarte came to co-own the radio company. By 1943, Eva Duarte was earning five or six thousand pesos a month, making her one of the highest-paid radio actresses in the nation. Pablo Raccioppi, who jointly ran "Radio El Mundo" with Eva Duarte, is said to have not liked her, but to have noted that she was "thoroughly dependable". Eva also had a short-lived film career, but none of the films in which she appeared were hugely successful. In one of her last films, "La cabalgata del circo" ("The Circus Cavalcade"), Eva played a young country girl who rivaled an older woman, the movie's star, Libertad Lamarque.
Estela de Carlotto
Guido Carlotto, her husband, died in La Plata on October 21, 2001. Estela Barnes de Carlotto earned the United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights in 2003. She was on hand with President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner to inaugurate the "Jardin des Mères et Grand-mères de la Place de Mai" in Paris, in 2008. Filmmaker Nicolás Gil Lavedra began production on a biographical film, "Estela", in 2011, starring Susú Pecoraro as the renowned activist.
Amalia González Caballero de Castillo Ledón
Amalia González Caballero de Castillo Ledón (1898 - 1986) was a diplomat, cabinet minister, minister plenipotentiary, writer, president of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation, and the first female member of a presidential cabinet. After studying at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, she distinguished herself by fighting in favor of women. She was founder and chair of Club Internacional de Mujeres (1932) and the Ateneo Mexicano de Mujeres (1937). She also founded the Teatro de Masas. In the early 1940s, she was associated with the journal "Hogar" and in 1946-52, Castillo Ledón was a columnist for "Excelsior". She worked for securing women's voting in 1952. Since 2012, her remains rest in the Rotonda de las Personas Ilustres.
Maria Rita Teresa Batalla-Laforteza
Throughout 1999-2000 she joined various kinds of summer art and sports workshops. From 2005-2007, she has been in various positions in different committees for the University of Sto. Tomas College of Fine Arts & Design. During August 2006, she participated in helping to break the record Longest painting on Continuous Canvas for the Guinness World Records & International Mid-decade Celebrations of UNESCO for a Culture of Peace & Non-violence for the children of the world.
Jennifer Martínez
Martinez graduated "cum laude" with distinction from Yale University and "magna cum laude" from Harvard Law School. During her first year in law school, she was awarded the Sears Prize, which goes to the two students with the highest first year grades. She served as managing editor of the "Harvard Law Review" and was twice published in the Law Review. After law school, she clerked for Justice Stephen Breyer, Patricia Wald of the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal, and Judge Guido Calabresi of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. It is believed that she is the first Hispanic woman to have clerked at the U.S. Supreme Court.
María Enriqueta Camarillo
Her first novel, "Mirliton" was published in Madrid in 1918 and well received, being then translated into French. That same year, she published "Jirón de Mundo" (Strip of the World) and followed that with "Sorpresas de la vida" (Surprises of Life) in 1921. "El Secreto" (1922) was one of her most praised works. It was translated into Italian and Portuguese and, in Mexico, schools and libraries were renamed in her honor. A monument was erected in Hidalgo Park in Mexico City, which featured a bronze bust of Camarillo, created by the Spanish sculptor Mariano Benlliure. The novel was selected in 1923, by the Académie française of France, as the best Hispanic female novel and was translated into French. She received a prize from the Académie, as well as receiving praise from Paul Valéry.
Ivelisse Prats Ramírez
Ivelisse Prats Ramírez was president of the Partido Revolucionario Dominicano (PRD) from 1979-1982 and was later vice president in 2004.
She was the first woman in the Dominican Republic and in all of Latin America to be elected president of a political party. Before becoming a member, Ivelisse Prats Ramirez was doing social militancy with the PRD. Her experience working social militancy has led her to believe it is important for politicians to have experienced something similar in order for them to gain social sensitivity. In 1970, she was a representative for professors under the Asociación Dominicana de Profesores(ADP). Four years later, she was appointed as a leader of the Comité Ejecutivo Nacional(CEN) in 1974, by José Francisco Peña Gómez, after he recognized her political merits and accomplishments. She also became the director of the National Department of Education. In September of 1978, Ivelisse Prats Ramirez was named directorate for the First School of Pictures of the PRD, which was being sponsored by the Friedich Ebert foundation. During the same year she was elected deputy for the National District and the year following, she was elected president of the Partido Revolucionario Dominicano. Ivelisse Prats resigned from her position as President of the PRD in 1982, after she was appointed Minister of Education. For a year, in 1988, she was the director of the Department of Cultural and Teacher Affairs of the PRD, a position that was created by the white party. Once again in 1989 she went back to being the director for the National Department of Education. Ivelisse Prats Ramirez was regent for the PRD in the National District during elections in 1994. As of 1996, she was elected and has remained the National Secretary of Education and Doctrine, which was created through the merging of the Department of Education and Doctrine. Prats continues to keep herself busy with her political tasks while also putting together seminars, teaching classes and writing. Some of her works are used as textbooks in courses offered by the PRD.
Laura Esther Rodriguez Dulanto
Her initiative paved the way for other women in her country, and in 1906 Julia Iglesias became the first Peruvian pharmaceutical graduate in San Marcos. It would, however, more than a quarter century until another Peruvian woman obtained the medical degree; Maria Mercedes Cisneros did so in 1929.
Maria Martínez Abelló
She belonged to the group of literary women who kept literary salons and was published in Spanish papers between 1785 and 1805, when the Age of Enlightenment provided a greater public space for women in Spain.
Estela Canto
Estela Canto (September 4, 1915 – June 3, 1994) was an Argentine writer, journalist and translator best known for her relationship with Jorge Luis Borges.
Teresa Perales
Perales is a S5, SB4, SM5 classified Paralympic swimmer and is a member of CD Asser: Spain. She is the most decorated Spanish Paralympian in history. , her swimming coach is Angelo Santamaria, who has been with her since 2000 and during her time serving in political office. When training, Perales can spend up to four or five hours at a time in the pool and an hour in the gym for a training day lasting up to six hours. She specialises in the 50 m butterfly, her favourite stroke.
Carmen de Icaza, 8th Baroness of Claret
María Carmen de Icaza y de León, 8th Baroness of Claret (17 May 1899 – 16 March 1979) was a Spanish journalist and novelist from 1935–60. She enjoyed success with her 1936 novel, "Cristina Guzmán", which was subsequently adapted for the stage, television and cinema. By 1945, she was a best-selling writer in Spain. Her father was Mexican writer and diplomat Francisco A. de Icaza.
Manuel Balela
Accomplishments
María Teresa Ferrari
María Teresa Ferrari (11 October 1887 – 30 October 1956) was an Argentine educator, medical doctor, and women's rights activist. She was the first female university professor in Latin America and one of the first women allowed to teach medicine. She was a pioneering researcher in women's health, studying the use of radiation therapy rather than surgery for uterine tumors and developing a vaginoscope which revolutionized women's health care in Brazil. She established the first maternity ward and gynecological services at the Hospital Militar Central of Buenos Aires in 1925, which provided the first incubation services in the country.