Who is the current political leader of Indonesia?
Indonesia
Since 1999, Indonesia has had a multi-party system. In all legislative elections since the fall of New Order, no political party has managed to win an overall majority of seats. The Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), which secured the most votes in the 2014 elections, is the party of the current President, Joko Widodo. The Great Indonesia Movement Party ("Gerindra") is the third largest political party. Other notable parties include the Party of the Functional Groups ("Golkar"), the Democratic Party, and the National Awakening Party (PKB). Based on the 2014 elections, the DPR consists of 10 political parties, with a parliamentary threshold of 3.5% of the national vote. The first general election was held in 1955 to elect members of the DPR and the "Konstituante". At the national level, Indonesians did not elect a president until 2004. Since then, the president is elected for a five-year term, as are the party-aligned members of the DPR and the non-partisan DPD. Beginning with 2015 local elections, Indonesia starts to elect governors and mayors simultaneously on the same date.
Rachmawati Sukarnoputri
Diah Pramana Rachmawati Soekarno
or also known Rachmawati Sukarnoputri (born 27 September 1950) is an Indonesian lawyer and politician who is the daughter and sister of two presidents of Indonesia. Her father was the first President of Indonesia and her elder sister is Megawati Sukarnoputri who was also president.
Women in Indonesia
Indonesia is among the countries which have had a female president; Megawati Sukarnoputri served as president of Indonesia from 2001 to 2004. In 2012, 18% of national parliament representatives were held by women. Tri Rismaharini is one example of the rising numbers of female leaders throughout Indonesia. More and more women are becoming scholars. The ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary schools is also even as of 2013.
Joko Widodo 2014 presidential campaign
Being backed by four political parties, Widodo officially began his campaign in May, followed by two months of social media and physical campaigning. After a series of debates and attacks, the vote on 9 July came out in his victory, with him securing over 53% of the vote. Following a failed lawsuit from his opponent Prabowo Subianto and Hatta Rajasa, he was officially inaugurated on 20 October 2014, becoming the seventh President of Indonesia.
Indonesian State Intelligence Agency
The agency is currently headed by Police General Budi Gunawan, as of 9 September 2016. Previous leaders are [Sutiyoso]] from July 2015 to September 2016, Sutanto from 21 October 2009 to 19 October 2011, Syamsir Siregar from 2004 to 2009, and Abdullah Mahmud Hendropriyono from 2001 to 2004.
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
Presidential elections were held in Indonesia on 8 July 2009. President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono won more than 60% (60.08%) of the vote in the first round, which enabled him to secure re-election without a run-off. Yudhoyono was officially declared the victor of the election on 23 July 2009, by the General Election Commission. Other candidates are Megawati Sukarnoputri PDI-P Party 26.79%, Jusuf Kalla Golkar Party 12.41%.
2019 Indonesian general election
In the presidential election, which follow a direct, simple majority system, incumbent Indonesian President Joko Widodo, known as Jokowi, will run for re-election with senior Muslim cleric Ma'ruf Amin as his running mate against former general Prabowo Subianto and former Jakarta deputy governor Sandiaga Uno for the five-year term between 2019 and 2024. The election will be a re-match of the 2014 presidential election, in which Widodo defeated Prabowo.
Megawati Sukarnoputri
On 24 February 2012, Megawati distanced herself from polls that placed her as a top contender for the 2014 presidential election. Megawati, still Chair of PDI-P, appealed to her party at a gathering in Yogyakarta to focus on PDI-P's current priorities. Nonetheless, a domain name appears to have been registered in her name. On 27 December 2012, the daily edition of the "Jakarta Post" hinted at a possible reconciliation in the 2014 general election between the families of Megawati and President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and their political parties, her Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) and his Democratic Party respectively.
Bambang Brodjonegoro
Bambang Permadi Soemantri Brodjonegoro is an Indonesian economist. He is currently the Minister of National Development Planning of Indonesia, taking office after a cabinet reshuffle by President Joko Widodo (widely known as Jokowi) and replacing Sofyan Djalil.
2004 Indonesian presidential election
The incumbent President, Megawati Sukarnoputri, was elected into office in 2001 after the legislature impeached and removed her predecessor, president Abdurrahman Wahid (often known as "Gus Dur"), from office. Megawati's re-election bid was challenged by four candidates, including incumbent Vice President Hamzah Haz. In the first round, former cabinet member and retired General Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono received a plurality of the valid ballots submitted, followed by Megawati. Yudhoyono eventually defeated Megawati with 60.62 percent of the valid ballots in the second round. He was inaugurated as the sixth President of Indonesia on 20 October 2004.
Abu Bakar Ba'asyir
In January 2019 it was rumored that president Joko Widodo was considering to release Bashir due to old age and declining health. The move was seen as controversial in Indonesia as part of a growing number of actions taken by Widodo to appease Indonesia's conservative Muslims ahead of the 2019 presidential election. However on 23 January the move to release Bashir was cancelled as he refused to pledge allegiance to the state ideology of Pancasila which was one of the terms if his release.
2009 Indonesian presidential election
On 12 May 2009, Yudhoyono chose Boediono, the governor of Bank Indonesia (Indonesia's central bank), as his running mate. Four parties which had planned to form a coalition with Yudhoyono's Democratic Party (PAN, PPP, the National Awakening Party (PKB), and the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS)) had expected that the vice presidential nominee would come from one of their parties. Although they threatened to form their own coalition with Gerindra and present their own candidate, PKB became the first party in the coalition to support Yudhoyono's decision. The remaining three parties eventually agreed to support the Yudhoyono–Boediono ticket and attended the nomination ceremony in Bandung on 15 May.
2009 Indonesian legislative election
The Democratic Party was the only party to have fulfilled the requirements needed to nominate its own candidates for president and vice president in the July election. It won 150 seats in the People's Representative Council, well over the 112 needed to nominate a candidate. No party met the criterion of achieving 25 percent of the popular vote. By 16 May, three coalitions submitted candidates for the presidential election. The coalition led by the Democratic Party submitted President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and Bank Indonesia Governor Boediono as running mates. Golkar and the People's Conscience Party submitted Vice President Jusuf Kalla and retired General Wiranto as running mates. Finally, the coalition led by the Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle and the Great Indonesia Movement Party submitted former President Megawati Sukarnoputri and retired General Prabowo Subianto as running mates.
Prabowo Subianto 2019 presidential campaign
Prabowo Subianto's presidential campaign in 2019 is Prabowo Subianto's second presidential bid, following his defeat to Joko Widodo (Jokowi) in the 2014 Indonesian presidential election. With businessman and Jakarta Vice Governor Sandiaga Uno as his running mate, Prabowo will contest Jokowi's reelection campaign as President of Indonesia.
Boediono
Boediono (EYD: Budiono, pronounced ; born 25 February 1943) is an Indonesian economist. He was the Vice President of Indonesia from 2009 to 2014. He became Vice President after winning the 2009 presidential election together with the then-incumbent President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.
2004 Indonesian legislative election
Results showed that Golkar, the former ruling party of the New Order era led by People's Representative Council Speaker Akbar Tanjung, had won the largest number of seats, defeating President Megawati Sukarnoputri's Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle (PDI–P). Golkar received more votes than other parties in twenty-six out of thirty-two provinces. However, these results occurred because of declining PDI–P popularity rather than an increase in Golkar's popularity. Golkar's support in its traditional stronghold of Sulawesi declined due to the performance of medium and small parties in the region. Despite winning the largest share of vote once again in Bali, PDI–P performance there suffered the greatest after the 2002 bombings by terrorist group Jemaah Islamiyah devastated the island province's economy.
2009 Indonesian presidential election
By late April 2009, Golkar was in talks with smaller parties to gain the votes it lacked to be able to nominate Kalla as a presidential candidate. A ten-party coalition was formed on 1 May, consisting of Golkar, PDI–P, the Great Indonesia Movement Party (Gerindra), the People's Conscience Party (Hanura), the Prosperous Peace Party (PDS), the Reform Star Party (PBR), the Ulema National Awakening Party (PKNU), the National People's Concern Party (PPRN), the Labor Party and the Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party (PPNUI). Two parties who had been considering joining the coalition, the National Mandate Party (PAN) and the United Development Party (PPP), in the end decided not to join. Shortly after the ten-party coalition was announced, incumbent Vice President Kalla announced a joint ticket with former Indonesian military leader Wiranto.
Darmin Nasution
Darmin Nasution (born December 21, 1948) is an Indonesian economist and the current Indonesian Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs. He was previously Governor of Bank of Indonesia, serving the role from 2010 to 2013 during Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's administration.
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
On 27 December 2012, the daily edition of "The Jakarta Post" hinted at a possible collaboration in Indonesia's 2014 general election between the families of Yudhoyono and former Indonesian President Megawati and their political parties, the Democratic Party and the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle respectively. The Constitution of Indonesia limits presidents to two terms of office, making Yudhoyono ineligible to run for a third term.
After his terms as president ended, Yudhoyono remained active in politics, being reelected as leader of his party in 2015. In the 2019 presidential election, he supported Prabowo Subianto's second bid for presidency.
Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle
The presidency looked set to be contested by Megawati and the then incumbent BJ Habibie of Golkar who was looking for a second term. However, MPR Chairman Amien Rais had other ideas as he formed a coalition called the Central Axis which consisted of Muslim Parties. Amien also announced that he would like to nominate Wahid as President. PKB, their alliance with PDI-P never cemented, now moved over to the Central Axis. Golkar then joined this coalition after Habibie's accountability speech was rejected and he withdrew from the race. It came down to Megawati and Wahid. Wahid, with a powerful coalition backing him was elected as Indonesia's 4th president with 373 votes to Megawati's 313. The PDI-P supporters were outraged. As the winners of the Legislative Elections, they expected to win the Presidential Elections also. PDI-P masses began rioting in cities such as Jakarta, Solo and Medan. The normally peaceful Bali was also involved in pro-Megawati protests. Wahid then realized that there was a need to recognize PDI-P's status as the winners of the Legislative Elections. With that, he encouraged Megawati to run for the Vice Presidency.
University of Indonesia
The rector of the Universitas Indonesia (July 2007), Prof Dr der.soz. Gumilar Rusliwa Somantri, is the youngest leader among university presidents in Indonesia. He has been elected to and serves on the Board of Directors of the Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU).
Joko Widodo
Joko Widodo (born Mulyono; 21 June 1961), also known as Jokowi, is an Indonesian politician who is the seventh and current President of Indonesia. Elected in July 2014 as the first Indonesian president to not come from an elite political or military background, he was previously the Mayor of Surakarta from 2005 to 2012, and the Governor of Jakarta from 2012 to 2014.
Labour Party (Indonesia, 1998)
The Labour Party () is a political party in Indonesia. It has its origins in the Indonesian Prosperous Laborers organization (SBSI), which in 1993 threw its support behind the Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI) as a vehicle for its political aspirations. When the PDI split in 1996, it allied itself with the breakaway faction led by Megawati Sukarnoputri, which led to it coming under pressure from the New Order government of President Suharto. On 30 July 1996, SBSI chairman Muchtar Pakpahan was detained on subversion charges. Following the fall of Suharto in 1998, the SBSI became disillusions with Megawati's now renamed Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle and decided to establish its own party, the National Labour Party (). After the failure in 1999 election, the party changed its name to Social Democrat Labour Party (). The party stood in the 2004 Indonesian legislative election, but won only 0.6 percent of the vote and no legislative seats. Party chairman However, the party has 12 representatives in provincial assemblies. The party subsequently changed its name to the Labour Party.
Megawati Sukarnoputri
Megawati was Indonesia's first female president and the sixth woman to lead a Muslim-majority country. She is also the first Indonesian leader to be born after Indonesia proclaimed independence. After serving as vice president to Abdurrahman Wahid, Megawati became president when Wahid was removed from office in 2001. She ran for re-election in the 2004 presidential election, but was defeated by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. She ran again in the 2009 presidential election, but Yudhoyono defeated her for a second time.
Iriana Joko Widodo
Iriana (also called Iriana Widodo, born 1 October 1963) is the First Lady of Indonesia since 20 October 2014 and the wife of the current President of Indonesia, Joko Widodo.
Joko Widodo
He achieved national prominence in 2009 for his work as the Mayor of Surakarta. A member of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), he was its candidate for the 2012 Jakarta gubernatorial election, alongside Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (often known as "Ahok") as his running mate. Defeating incumbent Fauzi Bowo, he took office in October 2012 and reinvigorated Jakarta politics, with publicized "blusukan" visits (unannounced spot checks) and improving the city's bureaucracy, reducing corruption in the process. He also introduced years-late programs to improve quality of life in the city, including universal health-care, dredging the city's main river to reduce flooding, and inaugurating construction of the city's subway system.
Bank Indonesia
Bank Indonesia (BI) is the central bank of the Republic of Indonesia. Perry Warjiyo is its current governor.
Irman Gusman
Irman Gusman (born 11 February 1962) is an Indonesian politician and businessman. He is a former speaker of the Regional Representative Council ("DPD") of Indonesia, who became the first Indonesian parliamentary leader to be elected for two consecutive terms. This earned him the nickname "Pejuang daerah" (lit. "Regional warrior", with "regional" as in the Regional Representative Council).
Harnojoyo
Harnojoyo (mononymic; born September 18, 1967) is an Indonesian politician of the Democratic Party who is the current mayor of Palembang, South Sumatra. He was elevated into office following the arrest of his predecessor Romi Herton for bribery. He was initially elected as deputy with Herton as his running mate during the city's 2013 local elections. He ran in the simultaneous local elections of 2018, and was reelected.
He was born on 18 September 1967 in a village of Lahat from parents Sapril and Ruhinah. After completing his junior high school studies ("SMP"), he moved to the neighboring province of Lampung, working in Bali Bank and an assortment of other jobs before starting his university studies in Bandar Lampung University, majoring in Public Administration. He moved back to South Sumatra in 1997, living in its capital Palembang.
He married Selviana in 1994 at the age of 27, and the couple's first children was born in 1996. They have three children.
He continued to work at Bali Bank following his move, now at its branch in Palembang. In 1998, he left to start his own business in poultry sales before he entered politics. He became a member of the then-nascent Democratic Party in 2003, before the election of its chairman Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono into presidency. In the 2004 elections, he became a member of the Palembang City Council and he was chosen as chairman following his re-election in the 2009-2014 tenure, coming from the city's 5th electoral district. He was first elected as the local chairman of the party in 2010, and remained an incumbent following his re-election in April 2017.
Utut Adianto
Utut Adianto Wahyuwidayat (born 16 March 1965 in Jakarta, Indonesia) is an Indonesian chess Grandmaster and politician. He is Indonesia's top-rated player of all-time with an Elo rating of 2566, and also serves as the deputy speaker of the People's Representative Council since March 2018.
People's Conscience Party
After being eliminated in the first round of the 2004 Indonesian presidential election, Wiranto was "traumatized" by his defeat and decided not to run for the presidency without his own political vehicle. He resigned from the Golkar Party in 2006 and established a new political party, the name of which he chose himself. The party's target voters are the people who voted for Wiranto in 2004. The party conducted a door-door grassroots campaign. The basis of its support is in West Java, Gorontalo, South Sulawesi, North Sulawesi, West Nusa Tenggara and Bali The party's target in the 2004 elections was 15 percent of the vote.
Jusuf Kalla
Nevertheless, in the changeable political scene in Indonesia the situation can be expected to evolve in the preparations for the 2014 presidential election. In late 2012 Jusuf Kalla indicated that he would be prepared to move away from Golkar and join a ticket sponsored by the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) with former president Megawati as candidate for president and him as the vice-presidential candidate. "If I am not representing Golkar Party, then I have no objection ... Everything is possible in politics," Kalla said.
Ignasius Jonan
On 26 October 2014, the newly-elected Indonesian President Joko Widodo named him as the 37th Minister of Transportation. However, on 27 July 2016, President Joko Widodo terminated him in a cabinet reshuffle. In response to the reshuffle, Ignasius Jonan, with a flat face, said, "I will come back". On 14 October 2016 the president appointed Ignasius Jonan again, but now as Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources with Arcandra Tahar as his deputy.
Akbar Tandjung
Akbar has remained an influential figure within Golkar. Ahead of the 2014 Indonesian presidential elections, he criticized Golkar's plan to nominate then-party chairman Aburizal Bakrie for the presidency. The party ended up dropping Bakrie as its candidate and threw its weight behind Prabowo Subianto, with Akbar serving as one of his campaign advisers.
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (; born 9 September 1949), commonly referred to by his initials SBY, is an Indonesian politician and retired Army general officer who was the President of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014. He is currently the chairman of the Democratic Party of Indonesia and President of the Assembly and Chair of the Council of the Global Green Growth Institute. President Yudhoyono was also the former Chairman of ASEAN due to the hosting of Indonesia of the 18th and 19th ASEAN Summits.
Tedjo Edhy Purdijatno
Tedjo Edhy Purdijatno (born September 20, 1952 in Magelang, Indonesia) is an Indonesian politician and retired Naval officer. He was the Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal and Security Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia from 27 October 2014 to 12 August 2015. Tedjo was also the Chief of Staff of the Navy from 2008-2009.
Union of Independent People
The Union of Independent People ( (SRI)) is an Indonesian political party that was formed in 2011 to support Sri Mulyani Indrawati, who had served as finance minister from 2005 to 2010, after which she was managing director of the World Bank until being reappointed as finance minister in 2016.
Ryamizard Ryacudu
General (Ret.) Ryamizard Ryacudu (born 21 April 1950, Palembang, South Sumatra ) is the present Minister of Defense of Indonesia, in office since 2014 as part of the cabinet of President Joko Widodo. He previously served as Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army from 2002 to 2005, and he was Commander of Army Strategic Command (Kostrad), from 2000 to 2002.
Fadli Zon
Fadli Zon (born 1 June 1971) is an Indonesian politician and the current deputy speaker of the Indonesian People's Representative Council. As one of the founders of the Great Indonesia Movement Party in 2007, he is the party's current vice chairman. A prominent member of the opposition, he is a frequent critic of Indonesian President Joko Widodo and his cabinet.
November 2016 Jakarta protests
Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, popularly known by his Chinese nickname "Ahok", became the Governor of Jakarta, when as Vice-Governor, he took over from Joko Widodo, who was elected President of Indonesia in 2014. He is Jakarta's first ethnic Chinese governor, and the first non-Muslim in 50 years. His ethnicity and Christian faith make him a double-minority in Muslim-majority Indonesia. He sought to be elected in his own right in the 2017 gubernatorial election. Some Islamic groups opposed his campaign, citing a passage of the Quran, notably verse 51 of Sura al-Ma'idah, which they interpret as a prohibition on Muslims from electing a non-Muslim leader.
Basuki Tjahaja Purnama
Basuki was a legislator in the Indonesian People's Representative Council and Regent of East Belitung. He was elected to the House of Representatives for the 2009–2014 term but resigned in 2012 to run for the deputy governorship of Jakarta, to which he was successfully elected. In November 2014, he became governor of Jakarta, as his predecessor Joko Widodo had become president. During campaigning for re-election for Governor, allegations of blasphemy were commenced in October 2016. He was later defeated by Anies Baswedan and was then controversially jailed for insulting Islam.
Mulfachri Harahap
Mulfachri Harahap (born March 23, 1966, Jakarta) is an Indonesian politician and lawyer. He was elected to the House of Representatives in 2014 representing the Electoral District of North Sumatra I with 47,280 votes. He served in commission 3 in charge of the Law. He is also chairman of the National Mandate Party faction in the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia.
Muhammad Romahurmuziy
Muhammad Romahurmuziy is an Indonesian politician and currently the chairman of the United Development Party (PPP). Shortly after the beginning of Romahurmuziy's leadership, the PPP joined the ruling coalition as well as the Working Cabinet of President Joko Widodo. Under Romahurmuziy, the party participated in the November 2016 Jakarta protests against Jakarta governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama despite President Widodo's view that the protests were a "waste of time." Despite their diverging views on the protests, Romahurmuziy claimed that they didn't signal a split in the ruling coalition, and that the presence of the PPP would assure protesters that the blasphemy case against Purnama would be fair and transparent.
Moeldoko
Although he has never served outside the military, General Moeldoko has been active at home and abroad. He has been mentioned as potential VP and running mate of Joko Widodo, the governor of Jakarta and candidate in the coming Indonesian presidential elections. General Moeldoko has been involved in handling the incident of the turning-back asylum boats in Australia; the decision to name an Indonesian navy ship after marines associated with controversies in Singapore in 1965; and other details about his choices.Within seven months of 2013, General Moeldoko was granted three promotions: first as Deputy Army Chief of Staff in February, then as Army Chief of Staff in May, and as Commander of Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) on August 30. He has served in the TNI at several important positions as described below:
Islam in Indonesia
Currently, Muslims are considered fully represented in the democratically elected parliament. There are numbers of active Islamic political parties, namely Muhammadiyah-oriented National Mandate Party (PAN), NU-oriented National Awakening Party (PKB), and Islamist Prosperous Justice Party (PKS). The democratization had resulted in diversification of religious influence as well, with the relative decline in influence of established institutions such as NU and Muhammadiyah, and rise of smaller scale organizations and individual preachers such as Abdullah Gymnastiar (Aa Gym) and Yusuf Mansur. During the early 2000s, the returning of Abu Bakar Bashir who was in exile during the Suharto era as a spiritual leader of Jihadism in Indonesia resulted in the series of bombing attacks, which have been largely contained recently. Contemporary Islam in Indonesia is analyzed in various ways, with certain analysis consider it as becoming more conservative, while others deem it as "too big to fail" for the radicalization.
Conservative development has seen the emergence of vigilante group Islamic Defenders Front (FPI), persecution against Ahmadiyya exemplified by MUI’s fatwa, and the nationwide protest in 2016 against the incumbent governor of Jakarta Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (Ahok) accused of blasphemy. Liberal development has seen the emergence of groups such as Liberal Islamic Network (JIL), formation of Islam Nusantara as a collective identity of pluralist Islam, and the declining support for the Islamist political parties.
History of Indonesia
President Habibie quickly assembled a cabinet. One of its main tasks was to re-establish International Monetary Fund and donor community support for an economic stabilisation program. He moved quickly to release political prisoners and lift some controls on freedom of speech and association. Elections for the national, provincial, and sub-provincial parliaments were held on 7 June 1999. In the elections for the national parliament, the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P, led by Sukarno's daughter Megawati Sukarnoputri) won 34% of the vote; Golkar (Suharto's party, formerly the only legal party of government) 22%; United Development Party (PPP, led by Hamzah Haz) 12%; and National Awakening Party (PKB, led by Abdurrahman Wahid) 10%.
2019 Indonesian general election
The official campaigning period is planned to last around 6 months, starting with a "peaceful campaign" declaration on 23 September 2018, with it being scheduled to last until 13 April 2019. Prior to the start of the campaign, both parties submitted their campaign teams to the KPU, with Jokowi's team being led by businessman Erick Thohir while Prabowo's was led by former Indonesian National Armed Forces panglima Djoko Santoso.
In January 2019 it was rumored by Yusril Ihza Mahendra that Jokowi was considering releasing Islamist Abu Bakar Ba'asyir due to old age and declining health. The move was seen as controversial in Indonesia as part of a growing number of actions taken by Jokowi to appease Indonesia's conservative Muslims ahead of the election. The government later suspended this attempt as Ba'asyir refused to accept Pancasila as his ideology, instead stuck to his fundamentalist Islam point of view.
Gamawan Fauzi
Gamawan Fauzi (born 9 November 1957) is an Indonesian politician. He was the Minister of Home Affairs in the Second United Indonesia Cabinet and head of the Department of Home Affairs in the Second United Indonesia Cabinet. He was the first non military individual that held the position since PNI cadre, Sanusi, in the late 1950's. He holds a bachelor's degree from the Andalas University School of Law in Padang. He won the Bung Hatta Award for his efforts to battle corruption. Despite having been supported by the Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle in his successful election campaign for the governorship of West Sumatra, he supported Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono of the rival Democrat Party in the 2009 Indonesian presidential election. 
He achieved the ideals ambitions commonly held by a civil service by having experiences to designated as a Regent, a Governor and finally a Minister of Home Affairs . “I am among the lucky officer. During the past 10 years, I experienced the era of five presidents since Suharto era until Yudhoyono."
2009 Indonesian legislative election
It initially appeared that Golkar would enter into a coalition with the Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle to challenge the Democratic Party in the July presidential election. However, talks were broken off on 13 April 2009, with Golkar reportedly more interested in continuing the coalition with Yudhoyono rather than risk being cut off from power completely. Yudhoyono was also in talks with Islamist parties in a bid to form a coalition controlling more than half the seats in parliament.
Taufiq Kiemas
Taufiq joined with Megawati in active support of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), one of the leading political parties in Indonesia. As of 2008, Taufiq was the leader of the PDI-P's Muslim religious wing, the BMI. He was a well-known participant in PDI-P affairs, often commenting on national matters such as preparations for the 2014 legislative and presidential elections in Indonesia and sometimes differing with his wife on certain issues concerning the management and leadership of the party.
Joko Widodo 2014 presidential campaign
Joko Widodo's presidential campaign in 2014 was announced on 14 March 2014, when his political party PDI-P declared him as the party's candidate for the upcoming election in 2014. He was then the Governor of Jakarta, and previously the Mayor of Surakarta. With former vice president Jusuf Kalla as his running mate, he was elected as President of Indonesia following election on 9 July and official KPU announcement on 22 July.
Sri Mulyani
Sri Mulyani Indrawati (born 26 August 1962) is an Indonesian economist who has been Minister of Finance of Indonesia since 2016; previously she served in the same post from 2005 to 2010. In June 2010 she was appointed as Managing Director of the World Bank Group and resigned as Minister of Finance. On July 27, 2016, Sri Mulyani was reappointed as Minister of Finance in a cabinet reshuffle by President Joko Widodo, replacing Bambang Permadi Soemantri Brodjonegoro.
Muhaimin Iskandar
Abdul Muhaimin Iskandar (born 24 September 1966), colloquially known as Cak Imin or Gus Imin, is an Indonesian politician who is currently the deputy speaker of People's Consultative Assembly in addition to being chairman of the National Awakening Party (PKB) and a member of the People's Representative Council.
Indonesia
Indonesia is a republic with a presidential system. As a unitary state, power is concentrated in the central government. Following the fall of New Order in 1998, political and governmental structures have undergone major reforms, with four constitutional amendments revamping the executive, legislative and judicial branches. The President of Indonesia is the head of state and head of government, commander-in-chief of the Indonesian National Armed Forces ("Tentara Nasional Indonesia", TNI), and the director of domestic governance, policy-making, and foreign affairs. The president appoints a council of ministers, who are not required to be elected members of the legislature. The president may serve a maximum of two consecutive five-year terms.
J. Soedradjad Djiwandono
Soedradjad, a Catholic, is married to Bianti, daughter of Sumitro Djojohadikusumo, one of Indonesia's most well-known economists and policy-makers. He is thus connected by marriage to two of Sumitro's sons: Prabowo Subianto, who ran for the presidency of Indonesia in 2014 and is running in 2019, and Hashim Djojohadikusumo, a prominent business figure in Indonesia. Soedradjad and Bianti have two sons: Thomas Acquinas Muliatna Djiwandono (born 7 May 1972) and G. Budisatrio Djiwandono (born 25 September 1981).
Nurhayati Ali Assegaf
Nurhayati Ali Assegaf, M.Si., M.P. (born 17 July 1963, in Solo) is the Chairperson of Democratic Party Faction in the People's Representative Council (lower house) of the Republic of Indonesia and Deputy Chairperson of Democratic Party for 2013 - 2015. She used to be the Vice-Chairperson of the Committee for Inter-Parliamentary Cooperation of People's Representative Council. A member of the People's Representative Council since 2004, she was re-elected in 2009. During her first term (2004-2009) Dr. Assegaf was appointed Special Staff to the First Lady of the Republic of Indonesia. Alongside these duties, as a strong proponent of women’s empowerment and gender issues, she also hosted and directed the television programme “Women’s Perspective” on the Republic of Indonesia TV Channel (TVRI). Dr. Assegaf had been Managing Director of the Business and Financial Consultant (Assegaf & Partners Ltd., 1998-2004) and, before that, an Associate of Winarto Soemarto & Associates (1993-1998).
Tommy Suharto
Hutomo Mandala Putra (born 15 July 1962), commonly known as Tommy Suharto, is an Indonesian businessman, convicted murderer, politician and the youngest son of Suharto, the second President of Indonesia. He has long had a reputation for being a playboy and gained notoriety for commissioning the murder of a judge who convicted him of corruption. He is currently the chairman of Berkarya Party.
2009 Indonesian presidential election
Incumbent Vice President Jusuf Kalla announced in February 2009 that he would not be returning as a vice presidential candidate with Yudhoyono. Instead, he was ready to challenge Yudhoyono should Golkar, the party which he chaired, nominate him as a presidential candidate. Other individuals interested in becoming presidential candidates included former President Abdurrahman Wahid, former People's Representative Council Speaker Akbar Tandjung, Yogyakarta Sultan Hamengkubuwana X, and former Jakarta Governor Sutiyoso.
Jusuf Kalla
Kalla has been often mentioned as a possible nominee of the Golkar Party in the 2014 presidential race. In 2009 Kalla ran in the Indonesian presidential election with former Armed Forces Chief of Staff Wiranto as his running mate, finishing third with 12.4% of the vote.
Surya Paloh
Surya Dharma Paloh (born 16 July 1951) is an Indonesian politician and media baron who owns Media Group, the "Media Indonesia" daily newspaper and "MetroTV," a 24-hour news television channel. Surya Paloh is active in politics and he was the Chairman of the Advisory Board of the Golkar Party, the biggest political party in Indonesia. He is also the founder of National Democrat mass organization, which later gave birth to the Nasdem Party (Partai Nasional Demokrat) on 26 July 2011.
Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle
At the 1993 National Congress, Megawati Sukarnoputri was elected Chairperson of the Indonesian Democratic Party, one of the three political parties recognised by President Suharto's "New Order" government. This result was not recognised by the government, which continued to push for Budi Harjono, its preferred candidate for the chairpersonship, to be elected. A Special Congress was held where the government expected to have Harjono elected, but Megawati once again emerged as elected leader. Her position was consolidated further when a PDI National Assembly ratified the results of the congress.
Pesantren
One prominent "pesantren" figure in Indonesia is Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur), a former President of Indonesia. He was well educated in "pesantren" during his youth and grown up as a grandson of a "Kyai", the founder of one of Indonesian religious political organizations, Nahdlatul Ulama. Gus Dur himself was the head of this organization from 1984 until 1999. After his term as President of Indonesia, Gus Dur returned to teaching in his "pesantren" in Ciganjur.
F. X. Hadi Rudyatmo
Fransiskus Xaverius Hadi Rudyatmo (born 13 February 1960) is an Indonesian politician and the current Mayor of Surakarta. His party is Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle (PDI-P).
Aburizal Bakrie
Recent opinion polls show Bakrie trailing behind other presidential hopefuls including former general Prabowo Subianto (Chief Patron of the Great Indonesia Movement Party) and former President Megawati Sukarnoputri, daughter of Indonesia's first President Sukarno.
Sutiyoso
Sutiyoso announced he was standing for the presidency of Indonesia in the 2009 and 2014 election but failed to get enough support to win the nomination. He was also chairman of the Indonesian Justice and Unity Party between 2010-2015.
Rizal Ramli
Rizal Ramli (born December 10, 1954 in Padang, West Sumatra) is an Indonesian politician and economist. Ramli served as Coordinating Minister for Maritime Affairs under Joko Widodo administration as well as Coordinating Minister for Economics Affairs (August 2000–June 2001) and Minister of Finance (June 2001–August 2001) under the Abdurrahman Wahid administration. He was the Chairman of Komite Bangkit Indonesia (Indonesia Awakening Committee) and an independent candidate for President of Indonesia in the July 2009 election.
Ahmad Muzani
Ahmad Muzani (born in Tegal, July 15, 1968) is an entrepreneur and politician from the Great Indonesia Movement Party. He is the Secretary General of the Great Indonesia Movement Party and a member of the House of Representatives (Indonesia).
2014 Indonesian presidential election
After the announcement, Joko Widodo stated that, growing up under the authoritarian and corrupt New Order, he would have never expected someone with a lower-class background to become president. "The New York Times" reported him as saying, "now, it's quite similar to America, yes? There is the American dream, and here we have the Indonesian dream.". Joko Widodo was the first Indonesian president to not be from the military or the political elite, and the political commentator Salim Said gave the popular view of the politician "someone who is our neighbour, who decided to get into politics and run for president".
LGBT rights in Indonesia
Currently, no political party in Indonesia has openly supported the LGBT rights movement. However, in October 2016, President Joko Widodo, stated that he is a defender of LGBT rights and that LGBT people should have the right to not be discriminated against. Also, some politicians from the PDI-P (Party for the Indonesian Democracy Struggle) and the moderately conservative PKB (National Awakening Party) has sympathized support for LGBT rights. PDI-P further stated that as a pluralist party, they can accept the existence of LGBT people. Despite holds that it is a deviant behaviour, PDI-P have urged people to tolerate LGBT people and not extend hostile sentiments against them.
Aburizal Bakrie
In the fall of 2010 media coverage started to indicate that Bakrie was seeking to become the Golkar Party's presidential candidate in Indonesia's 2014 Presidential election. Since then, Bakrie repeatedly expressed his desire to be nominated as Golkar's presidential candidate. Media reports also suggested the Golkar Party had already commenced its search for a running mate to team up with Bakrie, introducing names like Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwana X the current Governor of Yogyakarta, the Secretary General of the Indonesian Democratic Party and Deputy House Speaker, Dahlan Iskan the State Enterprises Minister, as well as the youngest son of Indonesia's current President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.
National Front Party (Indonesia)
The National Front Party (, "Barnas") is a political party in Indonesia. It was founded by Vence Rumangkang, former member of the Democratic Party advisory board.
History of Indonesia
In the 2014 presidential election Joko Widodo was elected president; he is from the PDI-P. Formerly Governor of Jakarta, he is the first Indonesian president without a high-ranking political or military background. However, his opponent Prabowo Subianto disputed the outcome and withdrew from the race before the count was completed.
Chairul Tanjung
Chairul Tanjung (born 16 June 1962) is an Indonesian businessman. He is the former Coordinating Minister for Economics in the Indonesian cabinet. He was appointed to this post by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on 19 May 2014 following the resignation of the previous Coordinating Minister for Economics, Hatta Rajasa, who resigned to take part in Indonesia's 2014 presidential election. In January 2015, he had an estimated net worth of $4.3 billion.
New Indonesia Party of Struggle
Dr. Sjahrir stepped down as chairman of the party when the 2004 elected president of the Republic of Indonesia, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, appointed Syahrir as Economic Advisor to the President on 11 April 2007. He was succeeded by his wife, Dr. Nurmala Kartini Sjahrir, chairman of the Indonesian Anthropological Association (according to Minister of Law and Human Rights Republic of Indonesia decree number M.HH-08.AH.11.01 Year 2008)
Perindo Party
The Indonesian Unity Party (, Partai Perindo) is a political party in Indonesia. The party was founded on 7 February 2015 by media tycoon Hary Tanoesoedibjo, owner of the MNC Group and business partner of US President Donald Trump.
Hadi Tjahjanto
Hadi Tjahjanto (born 8 November 1963) is an air chief marshal in the Indonesian Air Force who is presently the Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. An alumnus of the Indonesian Air Force Academy and Flight School, he was appointed by president Joko Widodo in 2017 as the Commander of the Armed Forces (Panglima).
Muhammad Prasetyo
H. Muhammad Prasetyo (born 9 May 1947 in Tuban, Indonesia) is Attorney General of Indonesia, appointed in October 2014. Prior to taking up the role Prasetyo was an executive of the NasDem party.
People's Conscience Party
The result of the Indonesian legislative election, 2009 was announced on 9 May 2009. Hanura won 3.77 percent of the national vote, which translated into 18 legislative seats. The party had supported Golkar chairman Jusuf Kalla for the presidency, in which both parties lost out to the Indonesian Democratic Party-Struggle and the Democratic Party. Hanura chairman Wiranto was his vice-presidential candidate, despite Wiranto's previous statement that he would not settle for the vice-presidency. Following cabinet reshuffle in July 2016, Wiranto was appointed as coordinating minister for politics, legal and security affairs, prompting the party to hold convention to select Wiranto's successor as party chairman.
Tito Karnavian
Police-General Muhammad Tito Karnavian is the current National Police Chief of Indonesia since 13 July 2016. He is the replacement of the previous chief, Badrodin Haiti that served from 17 April 2015 to 13 July 2016. On 15 June 2016, Tito was proposed by Indonesian President Joko Widodo to be the Chief of Indonesian National Police replacing Badrodin Haiti who now officially retired from the service. On 23 June 2016, he was confirmed unanimously by Indonesian House of Representatives and inaugurated by President Joko Widodo on 13 July 2016.
Joko Widodo 2014 presidential campaign
In 2012, Joko Widodo (popularly known as Jokowi) was elected as the Governor of Jakarta after defeating incumbent Fauzi Bowo in the 2012 Jakarta gubernatorial election. Having only entered politics in 2005 as the mayor of his hometown Surakarta, many national and international media outlets described him as a "rising star", with "Bloomberg" describing him as "Indonesia's most-promising politician". During the aforementioned gubernatorial election, his campaigning portrayed him as a reformer in contrast to other candidates and adopted a non-formal approach appealing directly to the voters. He was also described as a "media darling" due to his close relations with journalists and a social media pioneer, with his campaign team uploading all campaign materials to YouTube.
Basuki Tjahaja Purnama
Basuki initially had declared to run for the 2017 Jakarta gubernatorial election as an independent candidate with Teman Ahok (Friends of Ahok), a group of volunteers responsible for collecting over one million Resident Identity Cards, representing over one million supporters required by Indonesian law to be eligible to run from independent ticket. Due to a new state regulation that stricken independent candidate's requirements to run for gubernatorial election, Basuki is set to run from political party ticket from three political parties, who previously declared endorsements earlier in 2016. The three political parties consisting Golkar, People's Conscience Party, and Nasdem Party. On 20 September 2016, Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDIP) declared its support for Basuki.
Myuran Sukumaran
On 7 July 2011, it was announced that the Indonesian Supreme Court had rejected Sukumaran's appeal against his death sentence. Indonesian President at that time, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, had the power to grant clemency, although media reports considered this unlikely and expected that Sukamaran would be executed. In October 2014, Joko Widodo ("Jokowi") succeeded Yudhoyono as president. Jokowi, who holds a hardline position against drugs, declined Sukumaran's plea for clemency in December 2014. In January 2015 the Australian prime minister, Tony Abbott, together with the Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs, Julie Bishop, made further representations to Jokowi and Indonesia's Foreign Minister, Retno Marsudi, for clemency on behalf of Sukumaran. In late January lawyers for Chan and Sukumaran filed an application for a judicial review into their cases; which was rejected by the Denpasar District Court a few days later. Meanwhile, Indonesian officials continued planning for the execution of Chan and Sukumaran:
In a final attempt to avert the death penalty, on 9 February lawyers for Chan and Sukumaran launched a rare challenge against the Indonesian president's refusal to grant them pardons; which was dismissed by the Indonesian government a day later.
Democratic Nationhood Party
The Democratic Nationhood Party () was a political party in Indonesia. It was established in 2002 as the United Democratic Nationhood Party by a group of intellectuals including Ryaas Rasyid and Andi Mallarangeng, formerly president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's spokesman, who were disatissfied with the progress of the reform movement following the Fall of Suharto.
2009 Indonesian presidential election
It initially appeared that Golkar, the party of incumbent Vice President Jusuf Kalla, would enter into a coalition with the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI–P) of former president Megawati Sukarnoputri to challenge President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's Democratic Party. However, talks were broken off on 13 April 2009, with Golkar reportedly more interested in continuing the coalition with Yudhoyono rather than risk being cut off from power completely. Yudhoyono was also in talks with Islamist parties in a bid to form a coalition controlling more than half the seats in parliament.
List of Vice Presidents of Indonesia
This is a list of Vice Presidents of Indonesia. The Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia () is the second most powerful person in the Republic of Indonesia and first in the line of succession.
2009 Indonesian legislative election
By late April 2009, Golkar was in talks with smaller parties to gain the votes it lacked to be able to nominate Kalla as a presidential candidate. A ten-party coalition was formed on 1 May, consisting of Golkar, the Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle, the Great Indonesia Movement Party, the People's Conscience Party, the Prosperous Peace Party, the Reform Star Party, the Ulema National Awakening Party, the National People's Concern Party, the Labor Party and the Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party. Two parties who had been considering joining the coalition, the National Mandate Party and the United Development Party, in the end decided not to join.
Nahdlatul Ulama
In Indonesia's first free elections since 1955, held on 7 June 1999, the PKB won 13 percent of the vote. In the ensuing session of the People's Consultative Assembly, Gus Dur was elected President of Indonesia, defeating Megawati by 373 votes to 313. However, he was deposed just two years later. The PKB subsequently split into two warring factions, one led by Gus Dur's daughter, Yenny Wahid. An attempt in 2008 by Gus Dur to involve President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono in resolving the dispute failed, and the PKB vote in the 2009 elections was half that of the previous vote in 2004. At its 2010 conference, held in Makassar, the NU decided not to discuss the split, and passed a resolution banning officials from holding political posts, seen as a commitment to avoiding future political involvement. After the conference, concerns about the longer term role of the NU continued to attract comment in the national media. During 2011, for example, there was continuing discussion about the national role that the NU should play and about the close political links between the NU and the National Awakening Party (PKB). Comments by Gus Dur's daughter, Yenny Wahid, for example, reflected these concerns when she said that the NU was fragmenting and "sliding into irrelevance".
Berkarya Party
The Berkarya Party (English: Working Party) is an Indonesian political party formed in 2016. The party is led by the youngest son of former president and dictator Suharto, Hutomo Mandala Putra. Better known as Tommy Suharto, he is a convicted murderer by proxy. Berkarya is one of 16 political parties eligible to contest Indonesia's 2019 general election. The party is supporting Tommy's former brother-in-law Prabowo Subianto for the presidency in 2019.
Nurdin Halid
Nurdin Halid is Chief Executive of Golkar Party, second largest political party in Indonesia
Minangkabau people
Many of Minangkabau people held prominent positions in the Indonesian and Malay nationalist movement. In 1920–1960, the political leadership in Indonesian was replete with Minangkabau people, such as Mohammad Hatta a former Indonesian government prime minister and vice-president, Agus Salim a former Indonesian government minister, Tan Malaka international communist leader and founder of PARI and Murba, Sutan Sjahrir a former Indonesian government prime minister and founder of Socialist Party of Indonesia, Muhammad Natsir a former Indonesian government prime minister and founder of Masyumi, Assaat a former Indonesian president, and Abdul Halim a former Indonesian government prime minister. During the liberal democracy era, Minangkabau politician dominated Indonesian parliament and cabinets. They were diversely affiliated to all of the existing factions, such as Islamist, nationalist, socialist and communist.
Bambang Soesatyo
Bambang Soesatyo (born 10 September 1962) is an Indonesian politician and businessman who is the current Speaker of the People's Representative Council. A member of Golkar Party, he was elected into the national legislative body in the 2009 elections. On 15 January 2018, Golkar selected him to replace Setya Novanto, who had resigned as parliament speaker amid a corruption investigation.
President of Indonesia
During the 2001 MPR Annual Session, it was finally decided that from 2004 onwards, the president will directly be elected by the people. In 2004 Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono became Indonesia's first directly elected president, beating incumbent Megawati Sukarnoputri in the runoff election. In 2014, Yudhoyono finished his second presidential term and was barred from seeking re-election.
Sukarno
Megawati Sukarnoputri, who served as the fifth president of Indonesia, is his daughter by his wife Fatmawati. Her younger brother Guruh Sukarnoputra (born 1953) has inherited Sukarno's artistic bent and is a choreographer and songwriter, who made a movie "Untukmu, Indonesiaku" (For You, My Indonesia) about Indonesian culture. He is also a member of the Indonesian People's Representative Council for Megawati's Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle. His siblings Guntur Sukarnoputra, Rachmawati Sukarnoputri and Sukmawati Sukarnoputri have all been active in politics. Sukarno had a daughter named Kartika by Dewi Sukarno. In 2006 Kartika Sukarno married Frits Seegers, the Netherlands-born chief executive officer of the Barclays Global Retail and Commercial Bank. Other offspring include Taufan and Bayu by his wife Hartini, and a son named Toto Suryawan Sukarnoputra (born 1967, in Germany), by his wife Kartini Manoppo.
Viktor Laiskodat
In 2017, President of Indonesia Joko Widodo released an executive order ("Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang") allowing the government to disband mass organizations deemed opposing the state's ideology, with opposition parties and several rights organizations condemning the move. Laiskodat defended the law and attacked the opposing parties, calling them "intolerant parties which support changing the government form to a khilafah" in an August 2017 speech at Kupang. The parties denied his accusations and sued him for defamation. Due to both immunity of legislators and his gubernatorial bid in the 2018 gubernatorial election, the case was delayed. Islamic groups affiliated with the 212 movement later held protests demanding his arrest and trial for blasphemy.
Rustriningsih
For the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, Rustriningsih endorsed the Prabowo Subianto/Hatta Rajasa pair - opposed to her party, who endorsed the Joko Widodo/Jusuf Kalla ticket. Due to this, PDI-P leader Megawati Soekarnoputri called for her to leave the party, and she ended up leaving that year. Prior to this, she had also encountered some internal controversy in her party due to her status as one of the initial founders of Nasdem prior to its establishment as a political party.
2014 Indonesian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Indonesia on 9 July 2014, with former general Prabowo Subianto contesting the elections against the governor of Jakarta, Joko Widodo; incumbent president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was constitutionally barred from seeking a third term in office. On 22 July the General Elections Commission announced Joko Widodo's victory. He and his vice president, Jusuf Kalla, were sworn-in on 20 October 2014, for a 5-year term.
Anas Urbaningrum
Anas Urbaningrum (born July 15, 1969 in Srengat, Blitar), is a former Indonesian politician who was the chairman of the Democratic Party (Partai Demokrat), the party who won Indonesia's general election in 2009. Elected at the age of 40, he was one of the youngest party leaders in Indonesia. Before this, he was the head of the Democratic Party's national division on Political and Regional Autonomy, and also the head of the Democratic fraction in House of Representatives (DPR) of the Republic of Indonesia.
Didit Hediprasetyo
Hediprasetyo was born in Jakarta, Indonesia, the only son of Prabowo Subianto, former commander of Kopassus and Kostrad of Indonesia, businessman and the candidate of 2014 Indonesian presidential election from Great Indonesia Movement Party (GERINDRA) and Titiek Soeharto, the daughter of Indonesia's second president, Soeharto and Siti Hartinah. From his father side, he is the grandson of Sumitro Djojohadikusumo, a prominent economist, Minister of Industry and Trade (1950-1951) and Minister of Finance of Indonesia (1952-1953 and 1955-1956). He is also the paternal nephew of the 39th richest person of Indonesia, Hashim Djojohadikusumo and the maternal nephew of a businessman and socialite Tommy Suharto.
Hary Tanoesoedibjo
In August 2011, Hary joined Nasdem Party (Partai Nasional Demokrat), an Indonesian political party founded by Surya Paloh (CEO of Metro TV). This was Hary's first venture into politics. By late 2012, there were rumors of a power struggle between Hary and Surya over the leadership of Nasdem Party. On 17 February 2013, Hary announced he had quit Nasdem Party due to his disappointment over Surya's changes to the party's strategy. In mid-2013, Hary joined the People's Conscience Party (Hati Nurani Rakyat, Hanura) of former military commander Wiranto. Hary said Hanura had a better vision and mission for Indonesia, whereas Nasdem had lost its idealism. On 2 July 2013, Hanura Party named Wiranto and Hary as its candidates for the presidency and vice presidency for Indonesia's 2014 presidential election. Hanura won only 2.86% of votes in Indonesia's 2014 general election, below a required threshold to field its own presidential candidate. Instead, Hanura joined a coalition of parties backing Joko Widodo, who won the election. The decision to support Jokowi prompted Hary to quit from the party in May 2014, as he supported former general Prabowo Subianto for the presidency.
Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs (Indonesia)
Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs () is the Indonesian government ministry in charge of planning and policy co-ordination, as well as synchronisation of policies in the fields of economics. The ministry is led by a Coordinating Minister for Economics Affairs, who is Darmin Nasution since .
Megawati Sukarnoputri
For 2014 general election, Megawati's party and their coalition partners nominated Joko Widodo as their candidate for president. Widodo defeated his opponent Prabowo Subianto in a hotly contested election. Later, the relationship between Megawati and Widodo became strained as she pushed for Police Commissary General Budi Gunawan, for the post of the Indonesian Police Chief, despite him being investigated for corruption by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK). Budi Gunawan was Megawati's Adjutant during her tenure as Indonesian president.