Who was the first female skater to land the triple axel?
2002 Skate America
Yukari Nakano and Ludmila Nelidina both landed a triple axel in their free skating, together becoming the first female skaters to perform the jump in international competition since Midori Ito landed it at the 1992 Winter Olympics. Nakano landed it first and Nelidina, who skated after her, also performed it successfully.
Salchow jump
Timothy Goebel is recognized to have landed the first quadruple Salchow at the 1998 Junior Series Final. Goebel's jump, however, used the aforementioned controversial two-footed Salchow technique. The first female skater to have landed a quadruple Salchow in competition was Miki Ando at the 2002 Junior Grand Prix Final. Until 2018, no other female skater successfully landed the jump until Alexandra Trusova landed it at the 2018 World Junior Figure Skating Championships, at just age 13.
Yukari Nakano
Nakano won her first Grand Prix medals in her fourth season on the circuit: bronze at the 2005 Skate Canada International and gold at the 2005 NHK Trophy. She qualified for the 2005–06 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final where she took the bronze. She landed triple axels in five consecutive competitions in 2005 (Yamanashi Kokutai 2005, Kanto Gakusei Freeskating Championships, Tokyo Figure Skating Championships, Skate Canada International, and Asian Figure Skating Championships). At the 2005 Skate Canada, she became the first woman to land a triple axel under the ISU Judging System in ISU Senior level competition. She placed 5th at the 2005–06 Nationals, missing a berth on the Olympic team. At the World Championships she finished 5th in 2006, 5th in 2007 and 4th in 2008.
Mirai Nagasu
Nagasu has worked on improving her jumps to avoid under-rotations. She has added a triple axel jump to her programs, landing two fully rotated triple axel jumps at the 2017 CS U.S. International Figure Skating Classic with the negative grade of execution. She is the second US woman skater to have landed a triple axel jump internationally after Tonya Harding. In 2018, she became the first U.S. woman skater to have landed the triple axel in an Olympic competition."GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix"
Figure skating
Compulsory figures formerly accounted for up to 60% of the score in singles figure skating, which meant that skaters who could build up a big lead in figures could win competitions even if they were mediocre free skaters. As television coverage of skating events became more important, so did free skating. Beginning in 1968, the ISU began to progressively reduce the weight of figures and introduced the short program in 1973. With these changes, the emphasis in competitive figure skating shifted to increasing athleticism. By the 1980s, some skaters began practising quadruple jumps. Jozef Sabovcik of Czechoslovakia landed a quad toe loop at the 1986 European Championships which was recognized at the event but then ruled invalid three weeks later due to a touchdown with his free foot. At the 1988 World Championships, Kurt Browning of Canada landed the first quad toe loop which has remained ratified. Although it was expected that quads would soon become an important part of men's skating, it was a number of years before this happened. Japan's Midori Ito landed the first triple axel by a woman. Worth only 20% by 1989, figures were eliminated entirely from international competition in 1990.
Lusia Harris
Lusia "Lucy" Harris-Stewart (born Lusia Harris; February 10, 1955) is a former American basketball player. Harris is considered to be one of the pioneers of women's basketball. She played for Delta State University and won three consecutive Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW) National Championships, the predecessors to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) championships, from 1975 to 1977. In international level, she represented the United States' national team and won the silver medal in the 1976 Olympic Games, the first ever women's basketball tournament in the Olympic Games. She played professional basketball with the Houston Angels of the Women's Professional Basketball League (WBL) and was the first and only woman ever officially drafted by the National Basketball Association (NBA), a men's professional basketball league. For her achievements, Harris has been inducted to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame and Women's Basketball Hall of Fame.
1948 Winter Olympics
Barbara Ann Scott became the first and only Canadian woman to win an Olympic gold medal in figure skating, when she won the competition at St. Moritz. Despite the distraction caused by a low-flying airplane during her compulsory routine, she was able to muster the focus to place first entering the free skate. The ice had been shredded the night before the free skate by two ice hockey games (the ice resurfacer had not yet been invented); nonetheless she was able to adjust her routine to avoid the potholes and emerge victorious.
Carol Heiss
In 1953, Heiss became the first female skater to land a double Axel jump. One of her trademarks was performing a series of alternating clockwise and counterclockwise single Axels. She normally rotated her jumps clockwise and spins counterclockwise; it is much more common for skaters to do both in the same direction (usually counterclockwise).
Bobby Brown (freestyle skier)
Brown was the first to execute multiple variations of a triple flip or triple cork at a training session in Squaw Valley, California. He gained notoriety after winning both the SlopeStyle and Big Air events at Winter X Games XIV, registering a perfect score of 100 in the latter. Brown was the first person ever to have landed a Switch Double Misty 1440. He was one of the first skiers ever to have landed a Triple Cork 1440.
Jordan Brauninger
Brauninger began skating at age five. He played ice hockey for three years and switched to figure skating after meeting Sergei Grinkov. He competed first as a pair skater with Samantha Skavdahl. He landed his first triple toe loop at the age of eleven and his first triple axel when he was 16. He trained in Crescent Springs, Kentucky, coached by Stephanie Miller and Ted Masdea. He represented Northern Kentucky SC.
Joanne Conway
Conway won six British national titles, winning her first at the age of 14. She made her major championship debut at the 1986 European Championships, finishing 11th. She went on to achieve top-ten placings three times at the World Championships and four times at European Championships. Her most successful year was 1991, when she finished 4th at the European Championships and 7th at the World Championships. She also competed twice at the Winter Olympics, finishing 12th in 1988 and 18th in 1992. She was the first British woman to land a triple flip successfully in competition at the 1991 European Figure Skating Championships.
Dara Howell
Dara Howell (born August 23, 1994) is a Canadian freestyle skier. She was the first freestyle skier to win a gold medal in slopestyle at the inaugural event at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. Howell has also won a bronze medal in women's slopestyle at the Winter X Games XVII in Aspen, Colorado, behind Tiril Sjåstad Christiansen and Kaya Turski.
Lydia Lassila
Lassila achieved a Bronze medal in the Freestyle Skiing Women's Aerials event. Her jump was a quad-twisting triple somersault. If she had 'landed' it she would have been the first woman to do so, but she landed hard and 'slapped' down on her back on landing. Her score for the aerial was 72.12. Lassilas' prior jumps were scored at 95.76 and 99.22.
Kay Thomson
During her competitive career, Thomson was known as a particularly strong spinner. Her spins included an unusual back layback, performed on the opposite foot than a normal layback spin. Kay in fact had 3 or 4 unique versions of the layback, performed by no other competitor, and often included each one in her long programs, as well as a unique crossfoot version of the scratch spin. Thomson was also one of the first female skaters to regularly include the triple Lutz jump in her programs, and the first ever to complete a triple lutz-double toe combination in a short program. 
Surprisingly despite having a triple lutz, and sometimes a triple flip, she unfortunately was ever unable to master the standard easier triples of the time- triple salchow, triple toe, and triple loop, which most of the leading female contenders at the time had, which held her back on the international stage. With strong choreography and musical interpretation, Kay was known as a very strong all around skater, and despite failing to reach a world or Olympic podium is often credited as one of those (along with Elizabeth Manley and Tracy Wainmann) who brought Canadian ladies skating back to prominence after a few years of heavily middling results after the retirements of Karen Magnussen and Lynn Nightingale.
Axel Paulsen
Paulsen held the world speed skating title from 1882 to 1890, losing it on 1 February 1890 to Hugh J. McCormick at a three-race meet in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Besides inventing the Axel jump, he constructed the first modern speed skates with a metal blade fixed to the boot. After the death of his father, he took over his coffee shop and ran it until 1936 together with his brother Edvin. He married twice, first in 1885 to the Welsh woman Kathryn Williams, the marriage being dissolved in 1890; and second to Anna Elise Nicolaisen (1865–1935).
Rena Inoue
In the 2005–2006 season, Inoue / Baldwin medalled on the Grand Prix. At the 2006 U.S. Championships, Inoue and Baldwin became the first pair to successfully perform a throw triple Axel in competition. They went on to the 2006 Four Continents, which they won. At the 2006 Winter Olympics, they made Olympic and international history when they landed the throw triple axel for the first time in international competition. They placed 7th overall. At the 2006 World Figure Skating Championships, they placed 4th.
In the 2006–2007 season, Inoue / Baldwin won the gold medal at the 2006 Skate America after winning the short program and placing second in the free skate. They won the silver medal at 2006 Skate Canada International the next week; and then won the silver at 2006 Trophée Eric Bompard one week later. They qualified for the Grand Prix Final. While in Saint Petersburg for that competition, Baldwin was abducted, assaulted and robbed, though he and Inoue were still able to compete, and finished fourth. At the 2007 U.S. Championships, they won the silver medal. They placed 8th at the 2007 World Championships.
2017–18 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final
Alena Kostornaia broke the junior ladies short program world record, 70.92 held by Alina Zagitova, with a score of 71.65. Alexandra Trusova broke it again 13 minutes later with a score of 73.25. Rika Kihira became the first lady to land triple axel-triple toeloop combination in the free skate.
Midori Ito
Ito placed 5th at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. In Calgary, she performed a double loop-triple loop in the short program, and seven triples in the free skating: Lutz, flip, double axel-half loop-triple salchow, loop, triple toe loop-triple toe loop, and salchow. She received 7 "5.9" marks for technical merit, despite skating before the final flight. She became the first woman to land seven triples in a free skating. Later that same year, she perfected the triple Axel, which she had been working on since her early teens, and landed it at a regional competition in the Aichi prefecture. She became the first woman to land it in international competition at the 1988 NHK Trophy. She then repeated the feat at the World Championships in 1989. Her win at the 1989 World Championships was the first world title in the sport for an Asian competitor. She received five 6.0s for technical merit.
Katy Taylor
Taylor began skating one week before her sixth birthday. When she was eight, she began taking individual lessons with coach Jana Conter. She landed her first triple, a triple loop, when she was 10.
Dick Button
Button is credited as having been the first skater to successfully land the double axel jump in competition in 1948, as well as the first triple jump of any kind – a triple loop – in 1952. He also invented the flying camel spin, which was originally known as the "Button camel".
Tina Sjögren
Tina Sjögren is the first woman to have completed the Three Poles Challenge − climbing Mount Everest and going to the North and South poles − in 2002.
Vitali Egorov
Egorov was one of the first skaters in the world to land a triple Axel jump, performing it in April 1981, at the USSR Cup competition in Sverdlovsk, where he won the bronze medal. In March 1982, he won the 5th USSR Winter Spartakiada. He is a coach in Kharkiv.
Figure skating at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles
The ladies' single skating competition of the 2010 Winter Olympics was held at the Pacific Coliseum in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The short program was held on February 23, 2010 and the free skating was held on February 25, 2010. Yuna Kim from South Korea won the gold medal setting three world best scores. Mao Asada from Japan became the first lady to accomplish one triple axel during the short program and two during the free program at the Olympics.
2012 World Figure Skating Championships
Aliona Savchenko / Robin Szolkowy took the lead in the short program, followed by Pang Qing / Tong Jian and Narumi Takahashi / Mervin Tran. After falls on previous competition attempts, Savchenko/Szolkowy landed the rare throw triple Axel (first successfully executed in international competition by Rena Inoue / John Baldwin at the 2006 Winter Olympics) for the first time in their career but her free foot touched the ice. Some skaters expressed concerns about the ice quality. Maxim Trankov said: "It is soft in some places, brittle in others. I guess it is ok if you skate right after ice resurfacing, but if you are the last one to skate in the second group, it is quite another story." Alexander Smirnov said: "Sometimes it simply crushes under your blades like glass."
Rika Kihira
Kihira was assigned JGP events in Latvia and Italy. In her first event at JGP Riga, Kihira placed sixth in the short program after stepping out of her triple flip and falling on her triple Lutz. She finished second overall behind Daria Panenkova after winning the free skate. In her next event at JGP Egna, she won the bronze medal behind Sofia Samodurova and Alena Kostornaia after placing second in the short program and third in the free skate. The results qualified her for her second JGP Final in Nagoya, Japan over Mako Yamashita through a tie breaker. At the 2017 JGP Final, she became the first ever woman to land a triple Axel-triple jump combination in an international competition organized by the International Skating Union. She was the only non-Russian competitor and finished fourth overall, following a popped Axel and an underrotation on another jump.
Brian Orser
In the 1984-1985 season, after Hamilton's retirement, Orser was seemingly poised to become the dominant champion. However, he had an imperfect worlds, and placed second to Alexander Fadeev, who also had the triple axel in his repertoire. Orser resolved to begin including two axels, not just one, in his free skate, in order to give himself an advantage over Fadeev. He finally won Worlds in 1987. At that competition he became the first skater at the World Championships to land two triple axels in the free skate and three in the same competition.
Figure skating at the 1948 Winter Olympics
Barbara Ann Scott became the first Canadian to win the figure skating gold medal while Dick Button became the first American to win a figure skating title for the United States. Button also became the first figure skater to perform a double axel in competition.
Michelle Kwan
Although not of the greatest height nor explosive spring nor sustained landing, Kwan, for most of her career, included all of the triples (except for the axel) in her programs, including two lutzes (the most difficult jump after the axel). She landed the triple toe-triple toe combination cleanly eleven times in competition, including at her 2000 and 2001 world championship victories. During the 2004–2005 season, she debuted a triple flip-double toe-double loop combination.
2013 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships
The ladies' short program saw Japan's Mao Asada perfectly execute her triple axel, which has been absent since the previous Olympic season. The technical and artistic strength she displayed in her routine to the "I've got rhythm" variations by Gershwin propelled her into the lead with 74.49, 8.84 points clear of Akiko Suzuki, who scored 65.65.
Brian Orser
Orser became the second man to land the triple Axel when he performed it in winning his Canadian junior title in 1979, at a time when few senior skaters were even attempting it. Over the next few years, Orser performed the jump more frequently and more consistently than any other skater of the time. Orser became the first man to land the triple axel at the Olympics when he landed it in his free skate at the 1984 Winter Olympics. He won the silver medal behind Scott Hamilton, and then won the silver at 1984 Worlds, again behind Hamilton. Only Orser's low placements in the compulsory figures prevented him from winning both titles.
Guo Zhengxin
Guo Zhengxin (, born August 1, 1979) is a Chinese former competitive figure skater who competed in men's singles. He finished 8th at the 1998 Winter Olympics and 7th at the World Figure Skating Championships the following year. He was the first skater to land two quadruple toe loops in the free skate.
Linda Fratianne
Fratianne became the first female skater to land two different types of triple jumps (toe loop and salchow) in her free skating programs in 1976 at the U.S. National Championships. At the World Figure Skating Championship in Tokyo, Japan in 1977, she won her first world title by upsetting the favorite going into the Championship: East Germany's Anett Pötzsch. Although Fratianne fell on her triple salchow jump in her free skating routine, the judges considered she was better overall than Pötzsch.
Janet Lynn
In 1964, at 11, she became the youngest skater to pass the rigorous eighth and final test administered by the United States Figure Skating Association, and two years later she won the U.S. Junior Ladies Championship at Berkeley, California. At that competition she landed a triple salchow jump, which at the time was rarely performed by female skaters. In later years she was also one of the first female skaters to include a triple toe loop in her programs.
Timothy Goebel
On October 31, 1999, at the 1999 Skate America in Colorado Springs, Goebel became the first skater to land three quads in one program. In the free skate, he landed a quad salchow in combination, a quad toe loop, and a quad salchow as a solo jump.
Mirai Nagasu
At the 2018 Winter Olympics, Nagasu competed in the free skate portion of the figure skating team event. On February 11, 2018 during the team event free skate, Nagasu became the first American woman, and third woman overall, to land a triple axel at an Olympic Games. She won a bronze medal in the team event as part of the U.S. team. She placed 10th in the Ladies event.
Esmeralda de Jesus Garcia
Esmeralda de Jesus Freitas Garcia Silami (born February 16, 1959) is a retired long and triple jumper from Brazil, who also competed in the sprint events. A two-time Olympian she is best known for setting the (non-ratified) world record in the women's triple jump on June 5, 1986 in Indianapolis: 13.68 metres.
List of Olympic medalists in figure skating
In 1908, Madge Syers became the first skater to medal in multiple figure skating disciplines at a single Olympics. The only skater to match this feat was Ernst Baier in 1936. The only other skater to medal in multiple disciplines was Beatrix Loughran who did so at separate Olympics.
Women in Antarctica
Lynne Cox swam a mile in Antarctic water in 2003.
Maria Leijerstam became the first person to cycle to the South Pole Station in 2013 on a recumbent tricyle.
Figure skating
Skating competitions were again interrupted for several years by World War II. After the war, with many European rinks in ruins, skaters from the United States and Canada began to dominate international competitions and to introduce technical innovations to the sport. Dick Button, 1948 and 1952 Olympic Champion, was the first skater to perform the double axel and triple loop jumps, as well as the flying camel spin.
Chen Lu (figure skater)
As a young skater in the early 1990s, Chen demonstrated both athletic and artistic potential. She often out-jumped many of her contemporaries and the world's top figure skaters, including Kristi Yamaguchi, Midori Ito, Tonya Harding, Surya Bonaly, and Nancy Kerrigan. She landed seven triple jumps, including a triple toeloop/triple toeloop combination at the 1991 World Championships held in Munich, Germany. During the free skating portion of the event, she landed more triple jumps than the top 5 finishers. This generated excitement about her prospects at a time when triple jumps were beginning to dominate women's figure skating, while Chen's artistic talents were praised by such American commentators as Scott Hamilton and Sandra Bezic.
Kate Staples
Katherine Jane "Kate" Staples (born 2 November 1965) is a British female former pole vaulter. In 1992, she became the first British woman to vault over three metres. She went on to win the 1993 UK Championships, the AAA Championships three times (1993, 1994, 1996), and the AAA Indoor Championships three times (1994, 1995, 1996), and broke the British record more than 25 times, peaking at 3.90 metres on 26 May 1996 (she cleared an unofficial 3.90 m in June 1995).
Cecilia Colledge
At the 1936 European Championships, Colledge became the first female skater to land a two rotation jump in competition when she landed a double salchow.
Sheila Young
Her three Olympic medals in 1976 made her the first United States athlete to win three medals at one Winter Olympics. Her world sprint speed skating championships in 1973 made her the first United States female athlete to accomplish that feat. Her world sprint speed skating championship of 1973 and her world sprint track cycling championship of that same year made her the first athlete to win World championships in two sports in the same year. The United States Olympic Committee named her "Sportswoman of the Year" in 1976 and 1981 for her accomplishments in both cycling and speed skating. She was inducted in the "International Women's Sports Hall of Fame" in 1981, the "United States Bicycling Hall of Fame" in 1988, and the "National Speedskating Hall of Fame" in 1991.
An overview of medals won by Young at important championships, listing the years in which she won each:
Maxi Gnauck
Her parents were expecting a boy and they planned to name him Max so, when the baby turned out to be a girl, they simply added an 'i', creating an uncommon name for Germany. When Maxi was five, her mother took her to a gymnastics centre in their area. By age eight, Maxi had won her first medals at the Kreisspartakiade. When she was nine she changed her club to SC Dynamo Berlin, where she was coached by Jurgen Heritz. Considered one of the best uneven bars competitors of all time, Maxi was also an excellent tumbler. She was one of the first female gymnasts to perform a triple twist on floor.
Figure skating jumps
It is unknown who performed the first throw triple jump. The first throw quadruple jump was performed by Tiffany Vise / Derek Trent of the United States.
Timeline of women's sports
1986 – The American Ann Bancroft was the first woman to reach the North Pole by foot and dogsled, and "...she became the first known woman to cross the ice to the North Pole."
Katie Ormerod
In May 2014, then aged 16, Ormerod became the first female snowboarder to land a "double cork 1080", one of the most complex maneuvers in snowboarding which involves three rotations and two inverted flips.
I, Tonya
After a dispute with Diane, Tonya fires her and hires Dody Teachman as her coach. Tonya becomes the first female figure skater to complete two triple Axel jumps in competition. At the 1992 Winter Olympics, Tonya fails to stick her landings and finishes fourth. Defeated, she moves in again with Jeff and takes a job as a waitress, but Diane convinces her to train for the 1994 Winter Olympics. On the day of her November 1993 competition at the Northwest Pacific Regional Championships in Portland, Tonya receives a death threat and chooses not to compete. In retaliation, Jeff instructs his friend Shawn Eckardt (who says he's Tonya's "bodyguard") to send death threats to Tonya's rival Nancy Kerrigan. Tonya makes a phone call trying to locate Nancy Kerrigan's training arena and her practice times. Eckardt hires two inept crooks to attack Kerrigan after a practice session in Detroit. On January 6, 1994, Eckardt’s henchmen strike Kerrigan's knee; she cannot compete at the next day's National competition. The hired henchmen are arrested.
Lena Jordan
Lena Jordan (born 1880/81) was a Russian gymnast, who performed in circuses during the 19th century. In 1897, Jordan was the first recorded person to perform a triple somersault.
International figure skating
Sonja Henie was the first Norwegian woman to become a World figure skating champion and the most successful ladies' singles skater in history. She won three consecutive Olympics (1928, 1932, 1936), ten consecutive World Championships (1927–36), and six consecutive European Championships (1931–36).
Vicki Draves
Victoria Manalo Draves (December 31, 1924 – April 11, 2010) was an American competition diver who won gold medals in both platform and springboard diving in the 1948 Summer Olympics in London. Draves became the first woman to be awarded gold medals for both the ten-meter platform and the three-meter springboard. Additionally, Draves became the first American woman to win two gold medals in diving. She was born in San Francisco.
Flip jump
In competitions, the base value of a single flip is 0.50; the base value of a double flip is 1.80; the base value of a triple flip is 5.50; and the base value of a quadruple flip is 11.00. The origins of the flip jump is unknown, although American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes might have created it. There is also no record of the first male skater to perform the flip. The first female skaters to execute it were Katarina Witt from East Germany and Manuela Ruben from West Germany, at the 1981 European Championships. The first quadruple flip jump was performed by Shoma Uno from Japan, at the 2016 Team Challenge Cup.
Salchow jump
Petra Burka has been credited as being the first woman to land a triple Salchow jump (and also the first triple jump of any type by a woman), in domestic competition at the 1962 Canadian Championships and in international competition at the 1965 World Championships. However, according to a contemporary report on the 1961 European Figure Skating Championships, both Helli Sengstschmid and Jana Mrazkova did triple Salchows at that event, predating Burka's earliest claim.
Patrick Meier
Meier began skating at the age of six. He represented Switzerland at the European Figure Skating Championships, the World Figure Skating Championships, and the 1998 Winter Olympics, where he placed 22nd. Meier became the first Swiss skater to perform a triple axel in competition, at the 1995 Karl Schäfer Memorial. He studied law at the University of Zürich.
Yuna Kim
During the 2009 World Championships, held in Los Angeles, United States, she set another new world record of 76.12 points in the short program, surpassing her previous record by almost four points. She performed a triple flip–triple toe loop combination, a triple lutz and a double axel as well as earning a level four on all her spins and her spiral sequence. She also won the free skating program, scoring 131.59 points and showing great presentation skills with her artistry and her musicality. She executed a triple flip-triple toe loop combination, a double axel, a triple lutz-double toe loop-double loop combination, a double axel-triple toe loop combination, a triple lutz and a double axel. As a result, she set a new world record total of 207.71 as well as winning her first World Championship title and she became the first female skater to surpass 200 points under the ISU Judging System. Her margin of victory was 16.42 points ahead of silver medalist Joannie Rochette. Also, she was the only competitor who earned eights in program components marks in both the short program and the free skate at the competition. She was the only female skater whose figure skating combination was recognized by the judges in both the short and free programs during the 2008–2009 season.
Maria Isakova
Isakova participated in the World Allround Championships three times, winning gold every time. This made her the first female speed skater to become World Champion three times and, since her titles were consecutive, the first female speed skater to become World Champion in three consecutive years. For her achievements, Isakova was awarded the Order of Lenin.
Trixi Schuba
Beatrix "Trixi" Schuba (born 15 April 1951) is an Austrian former competitive figure skater who competed in ladies' singles. She is a six-time Austrian national champion (1967–1972), a two-time European champion (1971 and 1972), a two-time World champion (1971 and 1972), and 1972 Olympic champion.
Steven Cousins
Cousins competed at three Winter Olympics, nine World Championships, and nine European Championships during his career. He became the first Briton to land a triple axel in competition at the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway. He was the British national champion for seven consecutive years before his streak was interrupted by Neil Wilson in the 1996–97 season. Cousins finished higher at the 1997 European Championships and was sent to the 1997 World Championships.
Triple jump at the Olympics
James Brendan Connolly was the first Olympic triple jump champion and, as it was the first event to conclude in 1896, he was also the first Olympic champion of the modern era. Inessa Kravets, the world record holder, became the first women's champion 100 years later. American Christian Taylor and Colombian Caterine Ibargüen are the reigning Olympic champions from 2016.
Figure skating at the 2006 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles
Favorite Michelle Kwan, who had previously won silver at the 1998 Winter Olympics and bronze at the 2002 Winter Olympics, was forced to withdraw due to a groin injury. As a 5-time world champion and 9-time U.S. champion, the Olympic gold was the only major title missing from her resume. U.S. national bronze medalist Emily Hughes (the younger sister of the last Olympic champion Sarah Hughes) took her place on the American team, joining two-time world silver medalist and U.S. national champion Sasha Cohen and U.S. national silver medalist Kimmie Meissner, the second American woman to land the triple axel in competition.
Alexandra Trusova
Trusova started her season by competing in the 2018 JGP series. At her first JGP event of the season she won the gold medal in Kaunas, Lithuania. She was ranked first in both the short program and the free skate and won the gold medal by a margin of about 30 points over the silver medalist, Kim Ye-lim. As of September 2018, her scores at this competition are the highest scores achieved in an international junior ladies competition. At this competition Trusova became the first female skater to land a quad in combination - a quad toe loop + triple toe loop. She received 16.14 points for that combination. She also became the first female skater to attempt a quad lutz in a competition. She landed the jump but it was credited as under rotated.
1978 European Figure Skating Championships
At the 1978 European Championships, 15-year-old Denise Biellmann became the first female skater to land the triple lutz in competition. She underrotated it, with two-foot landing. At the same event, she became the first woman to receive a 6.0 in technical merit, receiving the score from British judge Pauline Borrajo. She was 12th in figures, first in the free skate, and finished fourth overall. Another triple lutz was performed only by Jan Hoffmann.
Alpine skiing at the 2010 Winter Paralympics
In the Women's sitting giant slalom, Alana Nichols of the United States – a Paralympic champion in basketball from Beijing in 2008 – won her first of two skiing gold medals, becoming a rare winter-summer gold medalist. On 18 March, Viviane Forest became the first Canadian athlete to win a gold in both the Winter and Summer Paralympics, by winning the Women's Downhill for Visually Impaired. She had previously won gold in the 2000 and 2004 Summer Paralympics for women's goalball.
Figure skating jumps
Jumps are referred to by how many times the skater turns in the air. One revolution (one and a half for the Axel) is a "single" jump. Two revolutions (two and a half for the Axel) is a "double" jump. Three revolutions (three and a half for the Axel) is a "triple" jump. Four revolutions (four and a half for the Axel, although this has never been done in competition) is a "quadruple" or "quad" jump. The first triple jump landed in competition was a loop jump. It was landed by Dick Button in 1952. The first quadruple jump landed in competition was a toe loop jump. It was landed by Kurt Browning in 1988. Currently, men in world-class competition usually attempt a full set of triples and sometimes one or two quadruple jumps in their free skating programs. Triple Axels are rare for ladies, and quadruple jump attempts even more so.
Kimmie Meissner
On January 15, 2005, at the 2005 U.S. Championships, Meissner landed a triple axel jump, becoming only the second American lady to land the jump in competition, fourteen years after Tonya Harding became the first American lady to land the jump. Meissner won the bronze medal.
Mao Asada
At the 2008 Trophée Eric Bompard, Asada placed second in both programs and finished second overall with a score of 167.59 points, 12.54 behind Joannie Rochette. Asada won gold at the 2008 NHK Trophy with 191.13 points, 23.49 ahead of the silver medalist Akiko Suzuki. She qualified for the 2008–09 Grand Prix Final. Asada won the free skating with 123.17 points and the competition overall with a total score of 188.55 points, defeating longtime rival Yuna Kim of South Korea. Asada made history in the free skating by becoming the first woman to land two triple axels in the same program in an ISU competition, one in combination with a double toe loop.
1978 World Figure Skating Championships
The ISU Representative was Jacques Favart of France. The ISU Technical Delegates were Josef Dědič of Czechoslovakia and Charles DeMore of the United States. Vern Taylor of Canada became the first person to land a triple axel (albeit over rotated), in competition.
Loop jump
The loop can also be done as a double, triple, or quadruple, with two, three, or four rotations, respectively. Dick Button performed the first triple loop jump at the 1952 Winter Olympics. The first female skater known to be able to perform a triple loop was Gaby Seyfert in 1968. Yuzuru Hanyu (JPN) became the first skater in history to successfully land a quadruple loop in competition at the 2016 Autumn Classic International.
Tammy Sear
Tamsin "Tammy" Sear (born 22 January 1977) is a British former competitive figure skater.
In 1998-1999 Tamsin was the first British Lady to sucsefully land triple Lutz in the short program at 1998 British championships
And the first British Lady to Land a triple-triple combination at another event.
Sear began skating in 1986 at the Oxford ice rink. Her coaches included Tony Barron, Evelyn Kramer. and Frank Carrol
Salchow jump
Ulrich Salchow invented the jump that bears his name in 1909. Theresa Weld was the first female skater to perform it, at the 1920 Summer Olympics; she was reprimanded for attempting anything so "unladylike", but that did not stop other female skaters from performing jumps.
Tonya Harding
Harding's breakthrough year came in 1991 when, at the U.S. Championships, she completed her first triple Axel in competition on February 16 — the first American woman to execute the jump. She won the 1991 U.S. Ladies' Singles title with the event's first 6.0 technical merit score since Janet Lynn's 1973 performance at the U.S. Championships. At the March 1991 World Championships, an international event, she again completed the triple Axel. Harding would finish second behind Kristi Yamaguchi, and in front of Nancy Kerrigan, marking the first time one country swept the ladies medal podium at the World Figure Skating Championships.
Meagan Duhamel
Duhamel competed in both singles and pairs for several years. She teamed up with Ryan Arnold in the spring of 2004. They were the first skaters to land a side-by-side triple Lutz jump in competition, which they did at the 2005 Canadian Championships. At the 2005 World Junior Figure Skating Championships, they became the first team to land a throw triple Lutz jump in international competition. They ended their partnership in March 2006. Duhamel had a stress fracture and was off the ice for four months. She withdrew from both her Grand Prix events due to injury. She competed at the 2007 Canadian Championships and placed sixth; it was the last time she competed as a single skater. She was coached by Lee Barkell.
Cecilia Colledge
Colledge is credited as being the first female skater to perform a double jump, as well as being the inventor of both the camel spin and the layback spin.
Charlotte Fox (mountaineer)
Charlotte Conant Fox (10 May 1957 – 24 May 2018) was an American mountaineer and the first American woman to reach the summit of three 8,000 meter peaks. She survived the 1996 Mount Everest disaster as a member of Scott Fischer's Mountain Madness expedition. She died of head injuries on May 24, 2018, after falling over a stairway railing at her house.
Sarah Hecken
Hecken got her first skates when she was only 18 months old. Her first moves on skates were done during summer training in Kaiserslautern. Peter Sczypa became her coach in 1997. At the age of five, she landed her first single axel and at 9 years old, she landed her first double Axel and triple jump (toe loop).
Alexandra Trusova
Trusova holds the junior world records for the free skate (146.81 points) and the overall score (221.44 points). Her technical score of 92.35 points in the free skate at the 2018 Junior World was the highest ever recorded in women's figure skating on both the junior and senior level until the GOE (Grade of Execution) system was changed at the end of 2017–18 season. She is the first female skater to land the quad Lutz and the quad toe loop, the second to land the quad Salchow behind Miki Ando and the first to land two ratified quads in a free skate. At 13 years old, Trusova was the youngest lady to win the Junior World Championships and Junior Grand Prix Final. At the 2018 JGP Lithuania, Trusova set another milestone by becoming the first female skater to land a quad in combination (quad toe loop + triple toe loop).. A few weeks later, at the 2018 JGP Armenia, her quad Lutz jump was deemed fully rotated, making her the first female skater to land the jump in international competition. Trusova is the first and currently only female skater competing with three different types of quadruple jumps—toe loop, salchow and lutz.
Marie-Anne de Cupis de Camargo
Marie Anne de Cupis de Camargo (15 April 1710 in Brussels – 20 April 1770 in Paris), sometimes known simply as La Camargo, was a French dancer. The first woman to execute the "entrechat quatre", Camargo was also allegedly responsible for two innovations in ballet as she was one of the first dancers to wear slippers instead of heeled shoes, and, while there is no evidence that she was the first woman to wear the short calf-length ballet skirt and the now standardized ballet tights, she did help to popularize these.
Tania Dixon
Tania Dixon (née Murray) is a high jumper and triple jumper from Dunedin, New Zealand. Murray won the gold medal in the women's high jump at the 1990 Commonwealth Games in Auckland. In 1991, she set a New Zealand record for the women's high jump of 1.92 metres, and in 1997 set a similar record for the triple jump of 13.48 metres. Murray was New Zealand women's high jump champion in 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, and 1997, and was New Zealand triple jump champion in 1994, 1997, and 1999.
1991 World Figure Skating Championships
Midori Ito and Laetitia Hubert collided with each other during a practice session. In the short program, Ito stumbled over an opening in the boards and into a camera but was back on the ice after three seconds. Tonya Harding became the first American woman to perform a triple-axel at an international event.
List of Olympic medalists in speed skating
Dutch skater Ireen Wüst has won eleven medals — five gold, five silver, and one broze — more than any other speed skater at the Olympics. Lidiya Skoblikova, who represented the Soviet Union, is one of two female Winter Olympians to win six gold medals (cross-country skier Lyubov Yegorova is the other). At the 1924 Winter Olympics, Finn Clas Thunberg became the first athlete to win two or more gold medals; in 1928, he became the first speed skater to successfully defend an Olympic title. At the 1964 Games, Skoblikova won four gold medals and became the first athlete to win a gold in every available event. The feat was repeated in 1980 by American Eric Heiden, who won five golds, the most that any Winter Olympian has won at one edition of the Games. In 2006, Canadian Cindy Klassen became the only other speed skater, and one of seven Winter Olympians, to win five medals—one gold, two silver, two bronze—at a single edition of the Games. Pechstein, American Bonnie Blair, and Sven Kramer of the Netherlands are the only speed skaters to win gold in the same event three times in a row. Andrea Schöne, who won a silver medal in 1976, is the youngest female athlete in an individual event to win a medal. German Christa Luding-Rothenburger and Canadian Clara Hughes are the only medal-winning speed skaters who have also won a medal at the Summer Olympic Games, having won medals in cycling.
Irina Slutskaya
Irina Eduardovna Slutskaya ( ; born 9 February 1979) is a Russian former figure skater. She is a two-time World champion (2002, 2005), two-time Olympic medalist (silver in 2002, bronze in 2006), seven-time European champion (1996, 1997, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2006), a four-time Grand Prix Final champion (2000–2002, 2005) and a four-time Russian national champion (2000–2002, 2005). Slutskaya, known for her athletic ability, was the first female skater to land a triple lutz-triple loop combination. She is also known for her trademark double Biellmann spin with a foot change, which she also invented. With her women's record seven European titles she is generally considered to be one of the most successful ladies' singles skaters in Russian history.
Timothy Goebel
Goebel was sometimes referred to as the "Quad King" because of his ability to land quadruple jumps. On March 7, 1998, in Lausanne, Switzerland, at the Junior Grand Prix Final, Goebel became the first skater in the world to land a quadruple Salchow, and the first American skater to land a quadruple jump of any kind in competition. International Skating Union officials ratified the jump at the end of the month after watching a video provided by the parents of Tiffany Stiegler / Johnnie Stiegler.
Louise Weigel
Louise E. Weigel Atwill (born August 26, 1912 in Buffalo, New York; died December 1982 in Buffalo) was an American figure skater. She competed in the Winter Olympic Games twice and twice won the ladies silver medal at the United States Figure Skating Championships. Her younger sister, Estelle Weigel, also skated in the Olympics.
Beatrix Loughran
Beatrix Suzetta Loughran (June 30, 1900 – December 7, 1975) was an American figure skater who competed in single skating and pair skating. She is the only American to win three Olympic medals in figure skating (1924, 1928, 1932), and one of the oldest figure skating Olympic medalists. She is a six-time National champion (1925–1927 in singles, 1930–1932 in pairs). Her pairs partner was Sherwin Badger.
Kathleen Heddle
Kathleen Joan Heddle, (born November 27, 1965) is a Canadian rower. Heddle and her long-time rowing partner Marnie McBean were the first Canadians to win three Olympic gold medals.
1991 Skate America
Harding performed a triple axel in her short program and free skating. She became the first woman to land the triple axel in the short program in major international competition.
Vancouver Amazons
At the Banff tournament in 1922 Elizabeth Hinds became the first woman from British Columbia to score a hat trick in a game. Phebe Senkler was captain of the Amazons and her sister Norah played on defense. The forwards were Kathleen Carson and Nan Griffith, while the goaltender was Amelia Voitkevic. The bench featured Lorraine Cannon and Mayme Leahy. The Amazons qualified for the 1922 final and played the Calgary Regents. In the third peiod, the Amazons were down 1–0, and Kathleen Carson tied the game. Carson would score the game-winning goal in overtime and were awarded the Alpine Club Cup.
John Baldwin (figure skater)
John Baldwin, Jr. (born October 18, 1973) is an American figure skater. With partner Rena Inoue, he is a two-time U.S. national champion. Inoue and Baldwin are the first skaters to perform a throw triple axel in competition.
Amber Corwin
Corwin started skating at the age of five. Making her Champions Series (Grand Prix) debut, she placed 10th at the 1996 NHK Trophy. At the 1997 U.S. Championships, she became the first U.S. woman to land a triple-triple combination in the short program. During her career she attempted to learn the quadruple toe loop jump in hopes of becoming the first woman to land one in competition.
Alysa Liu
In August 2018, Liu competed as a novice at the 2018 Asian Open Trophy in Bangkok, Thailand. She won the gold, outscoring the silver medalist, Japan's Sara Honda, by over ten points. She landed a ratified 3A in the free skate, becoming the youngest skater in history to perform a clean triple Axel in an international competition and the third American female to do so, following Tonya Harding and Mirai Nagasu.
Lutz jump
Due to its difficulty, side-by-side triple Lutz is rare for pair skating. Meagan Duhamel and Ryan Arnold were the first pair to land a side-by-side triple Lutz in competition, which they did at the 2005 Canadian Championships. During the 2014 Olympics, Meagan Duhamel and Eric Radford of Canada became the first pair to land a side-by-side triple Lutz at any Winter Olympic competition. At the 2005 World Junior Figure Skating Championships, Meagan Duhamel and Ryan Arnold of Canada became the first team to land a throw triple Lutz in international competition. During the pairs short program at the 2010 Olympics, Caydee Denney and Jeremy Barrett of United States became the first team to land a throw triple Lutz at any Winter Olympic competition.
Elizaveta Tuktamysheva
At the 2018 Finlandia Trophy, Tuktamysheva again won gold after placing first in both segments. She attempted the triple axel in her free skate, as well as in her short program for the first time in competition. Both attempts were ratified as fully rotated, but received negative grades of execution (GOE) due to three-turns out of the landings of both jumps.
Mao Asada
Asada landed her first 3A at the age of 12, and she became the first lady to perform a triple-triple-triple combination in national competition – she completed a 3F-3Lo-3T combination. At the age of 14, Asada landed a 3A in her free skating at the 2004–05 Junior Grand Prix Final, held in December 2004 in Helsinki, Finland, becoming the first junior girl to do one in an international event. She has since been known for her 3A jumps.
Axel jump
The Axel is a figure skating jump with a forward take off. It is named after Norwegian figure skater Axel Paulsen who, in 1882, was the first skater to perform the jump. Compared to other common figure skating jumps, an Axel has an extra ½ rotation in the air because of its forward take off. Most skaters perform the jump with counterclockwise rotation, taking off from the left forward outside edge and landing on the right back outside edge. The Axel can also be done as a double jump with 2½ rotations, or as a triple jump with 3½ rotations, or a quadruple Axel with 4½ rotations, but no skater has yet accomplished a quadruple Axel in competition.
Yukari Nakano
In her regional competition at the beginning of the 2007–08 season, Nakano landed her first clean triple axel in two years. She consistently attempted the triple axel that season, receiving credit for it at the 2007 Skate Canada International, 2007 Cup of Russia, and the 2007–08 Grand Prix Final.
Laila Schou Nilsen
Laila Schou Nilsen (18 March 1919 – 30 July 1998) was a Norwegian speed skater, alpine skier and tennis player. She was one of the pioneers in Norwegian as well as international speed skating for women.
Laila Schou Nilsen won the last unofficial World Championship for women (from a series of three that were organised by the club OSK) at Oslo Frogner stadion in 1935. At the World Championships of Davos, Switzerland in 1937, she won all four distances (500 m, 1,000 m, 3,000 m, and 5,000 m) in world record time. She also won the World Championships in Oslo in 1938. The record on the 500 m (46.4) lasted until 1955, when Tamara Rylova of the Soviet Union beat it at the Medeo track in Alma Ata. Her record on 1,500 m lasted until 1950.
Sasha Cohen
Cohen is the first skater to receive +3s for spirals under the International Skating Union Judging System (IJS) for "Grade of Execution (GOE)", and was also the first female to break the +130 barrier on a free skate under the IJS. At the beginning of her senior career she was labeled as one in the generation of "Baby Ballerinas" (alongside Naomi Nari Nam) due to her body lines and the ability to point her toes during difficult skating maneuvers such as triple jumps, spiral sequences and footwork. She is known for her 180º arabesque penchée spiral and Charlotte spiral, as well as the variety of positions in her spins. She popularized the I-spin position, which is sometimes informally referred to as the "Sasha spin", due to her exceptional execution of the move.
Elena Vodorezova
Elena Vodorezova was coached by Stanislav Zhuk at the Armed Forces sports society in Moscow. A gifted free-skater, she represented her country at the 1976 Winter Olympics aged just 12. She was the first skater to complete a double flip, triple toe loop combination. She was noted for a spectacularly high double axel and fast spins. She won the bronze medal at the 1978 European Championships; it was the first time a Soviet ladies' single skater had won a medal at the event. She missed the 1979–1981 seasons completely due to severe juvenile arthritis, which prevented her from even walking for months in 1979.
Ludmila Nelidina
Nelidina landed a triple axel in competition at the 2002 Skate America. Together with Yukari Nakano, who also completed a triple axel at that competition, Nelidina was the first female skater in 10 years to perform a triple axel in international competition. She is the first European lady skater to land a triple axel in competition, the other skaters having been from Japan and the United States.
Anna Shcherbakova
In the second competition of the 2018 Cup of Russia, a qualifying competition to Russian Senior Nationals, Shcherbakova landed two quadruple lutzes in her free program, one in combination with a triple toe loop and the second as a standalone. She is the second skater (first being Nathan Chen) to ever land two quad lutzes in a single program. However, as the competition she landed them in was not ratified by the ISU, this achievement cannot be recognized internationally. Her teammate Alexandra Trusova remains the first female figure skater to land a quadruple lutz in international competition. Additionally, Shcherbakova also currently trains a quad toe loop."JGP: Junior Grand Prix"
Kim Min-seok (figure skater)
Kim Min-seok (Korean: 김민석, born February 19, 1993) is a South Korean former figure skater. He is the 2012 Asian Trophy silver medalist, and a two-time (2009, 2010) South Korean national champion. He is the first Korean skater to land a triple axel in ISU competition.