When did Iain M. Banks create The Culture?
A Gift from the Culture
"A Gift from the Culture", published in 1987, is a short work of space opera, by the Scottish science fiction author Iain M. Banks. The story is an early venture into the "complex and unusual and very distant" setting of the Culture, which Banks would further develop through various of full length novels, stories, and his essay "A Few Notes on the Culture".
James L. Brooks
Failing to find another job at a news agency, he met producer Allan Burns at a party. Burns got him a job on "My Mother the Car" where he was hired to rewrite a script after pitching some story ideas. Brooks then went on to write episodes of "That Girl", "The Andy Griffith Show" and "My Three Sons" before Sheldon Leonard hired him as a story editor on "My Friend Tony". In 1969 he created for ABC the series "Room 222", which lasted until 1974. "Room 222" was the second series in American history to feature a black lead character, in this case high school teacher Pete Dixon played by Lloyd Haynes. The network felt the show was sensitive and so attempted to change the pilot story so that Dixon helped a white student rather than a black one, but Brooks prevented it. On the show Brooks worked with Gene Reynolds who taught him the importance of extensive and diligent research, which he conducted at Los Angeles High School for "Room 222", and he used the technique on his subsequent works. Brooks left "Room 222" as head writer after one year to work on other pilots and brought Burns in to produce the show.
AnonymousCulture
AnonymousCulture originally went by the stage name Anonymous????. In 2009, he added Culture to the pseudonym to articulate his strong belief embracing individuality. He described the addition in a 2010 interview, "To be a culture, is just that, man. Be You!...No matter your age or race, I just want them (people) to stand out by being themselves".
Cultural theory of risk
The cultural theory of risk, often referred to simply as Cultural Theory (with capital letters; not to be confused with culture theory), consists of a conceptual framework and an associated body of empirical studies that seek to explain societal conflict over risk. Whereas other theories of risk perception stress economic and cognitive influences, Cultural Theory asserts that structures of social organization endow individuals with perceptions that reinforce those structures in competition against alternative ones. This theory was first elaborated in the book "Natural Symbols", written by anthropologist Mary Douglas in 1970. Douglas later worked closely with the political scientist Aaron Wildavsky, to clarify the theory. Cultural Theory has given rise to a diverse set of research programs that span multiple social science disciplines and that have in recent years been used to analyze policymaking conflicts generally.
Iain Banks
Banks was born in Dunfermline, Fife, to a mother who was a professional ice skater and a father who was an officer in the Admiralty. An only child, Banks lived in North Queensferry until the age of nine, near the naval dockyards in Rosyth where his father was based. Banks's family then moved to Gourock due to the requirements of his father's work. When someone introduced him to science fiction by giving him "Kemlo and the Zones of Silence", he continued reading the Kemlo series which made him want to write science fiction himself. After attending Gourock and Greenock High Schools, Banks studied English, philosophy and psychology at the University of Stirling (1972–1975).
Culture Shock (musician)
In 1996, Culture Shock was introduced to drum and bass while listening to London's pirate radio stations. He set up his own studio with basic equipment at home and recorded his own music. His first release was "The Vega EP" on Moving Shadow in 2004. Two years later, Culture Shock signed with RAM Records after attracting attention of the label's CEO, Andy C. His first EP, titled "The Third Stage" was released in 2007 and featured four tracks, including the track "Rework", co-produced by the Brookes Brothers.
Ignore the White Culture
Ignore the White Culture is the fourth studio album by Missing Foundation, released in 1990 by Restless Records.
Single-gender world
In the Culture series of novels and stories by Iain M. Banks, humans can and do relatively easily (and reversibly) change sex.
Communist society
"The Culture" novels by Iain M Banks are centered on a communist post-scarcity economy where technology is advanced to such a degree that all production is automated, and there is no use for money or property (aside from personal possessions with sentimental value). Humans in the Culture are free to pursue their own interests in an open and socially-permissive society. The society has been described by some commentators as "communist-bloc" or "anarcho-communist". Banks' close friend and fellow science fiction writer Ken MacLeod has said that The Culture can be seen as a realization of Marx's communism, but adds that "however friendly he was to the radical left, Iain had little interest in relating the long-range possibility of utopia to radical politics in the here and now. As he saw it, what mattered was to keep the utopian possibility open by continuing technological progress, especially space development, and in the meantime to support whatever policies and politics in the real world were rational and humane."
List of spacecraft in the Culture series
The following ships have not appeared in any books, however they were named by Iain M Banks in an interview with "The Guardian". These ships obtained their names as a result of another (unnamed) Involved civilisation criticizing Culture ship naming policy, claiming that such powerful ships ought to have names with a little more gravitas.The autonomous spaceport drone ships "Just Read the Instructions" and "Of Course I Still Love You", operated by SpaceX, were named after General Contact Units mentioned in "The Player of Games", as a posthumous homage to Banks by Elon Musk. The construction of a third drone ship, named "A Shortfall of Gravitas", was announced by Elon Musk via Twitter on February 12, 2018. It is named after the "Experiencing A Significant Gravitas Shortfall", a ship mentioned in "Look to Windward" and "Matter" as a GSV and GCU respectively.
Ian Astbury
In 1979, while living in Glasgow, Astbury was influenced by the Doors' song "The End", which he heard while watching the movie "Apocalypse Now", later describing this as "a religious experience". In 1980, he was in Liverpool, where he was active on the punk scene based around Eric's Club. He moved to Bradford in late 1980, where he was a founder member of the positive punk band Southern Death Cult in 1981. Southern Death Cult lasted until March 1983. Along with guitarist Billy Duffy, bassist Jamie Stewart and drummer Raymond Taylor Smith, Astbury formed a new band, Death Cult and released the Death Cult EP. To gain broader appeal, the band changed its name to "the Cult" in January 1984 before appearing on the Channel 4 television show, "The Tube".
David G. Hays
After leaving RAND and assuming his position at Buffalo, Hays turned to more a more general interest in language and cognition and, ultimately, the evolution of human culture. He developed an approach to abstract concepts in which their meaning was grounded in stories. Hays elaborated this idea in a series of articles and several of his graduate students, including Brian Phillips, Mary White, and William Benzon, employed the idea in their work. In 1982 he published "Cognitive Structures", in which he developed a novel scheme for grounding cognition in perception and action as conceived in the control theory of William T. Powers. Working with William Benzon, he published a neural interpretation of this theory in 1988. During the 1980s and early 1990s he and Benzon developed a theory of cultural rank which they published in a series of papers (together and individually) and a book on the history of technology (Hays alone) in the early 1990s. His last major work was a critical review and synthesis of the empirical work that anthropologists and archaeologists had done on cultural complexity. This book was published posthumously as "The Measurement of Cultural Evolution in the Non-Literate World: Homage to Raoul Naroll." At the time of his death, he had embarked on a study of the ballet, looking to understand how motion generates emotion.
Cultural contracts
Cultural contracts first appeared in Communication Quarterly in 1999. The theory is inspired by Ting-Toomey's (1986) identity validation model (IDM) that emerged from a study of European American and African American communication experiences. Both theories are rooted in the exchanges between strangers as described in Berger and Calabrese's (1975) uncertainty reduction theory. Cultural contracts focuses specifically on the exchanges between traditionally marginalized groups and majority groups in power in American society from the standpoint of the minority member. The theory is not limited to oral communication. Any value that makes up an individual's worldview, including behavior and other cultural norms, can be negotiated and subjected to a cultural contract.
The Cult
The band's origins can be traced to 1981, in Bradford, Yorkshire, where vocalist and songwriter Ian Astbury formed a band called Southern Death Cult. The name was chosen with a double meaning, and was derived from the 14th century Native American religion, the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex or Southern Death Cult as it was sometimes known, from the Mississippi delta area, but it was also a stab at what the band viewed was the centralisation of power in Southern England (including that of the music industry); there has long been a perceived notion of a North-South divide based on social, historic and economic reasons. Astbury was joined by Buzz Burrows (guitar), Barry Jepson (bass) and Aki Nawaz Qureshi (drums); they performed their first show at the "Queen's Hall" in their hometown of Bradford on 29 October 1981. The band were at the forefront of an emerging style of music, in the form of post-punk and gothic rock (then known as positive-punk), they achieved critical acclaim from the press and music fans.
World Cultures
World Cultures is an electronic peer-reviewed academic journal of cross-cultural studies. It was founded in 1985 by Douglas R. White, editor in chief until 1990, followed by Greg Truex 1991, J. Patrick Gray, Peter N. Peregrine (1992-2014). The current publisher is Greg Truex (2015-16). It is an eScholarship journal that publishes cross-cultural research articles and published computerized codebooks and datasets. These include the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample, Western North American Indians, an Atlas of Archaeology, the Ethnographic Atlas (Murdock, 1967), and Lewis Binford's Constructing Frames of Reference: An Analytical Method for Archaeological Theory Building Using Ethnographic and Environmental Data Sets (2001) and numerous other topics. Numerous software programs for cross-cultural analysis have also been published.
William Irwin (philosopher)
Irwin first theorized the philosophy and pop culture genre in his article “Philosophy as/and/of Popular Culture” in Irwin and Gracia eds. "Philosophy and the Interpretation of Popular Culture" (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2006), pp. 41–63. In 2010 he explained the motivation for the series and defended it against critics in an article in "The Philosophers’ Magazine" titled “Fancy Taking a Pop?” Irwin defended the style of the books in “Writing for the Reader: A Defense of Philosophy and Popular Culture Books”.
Culture (album)
The second promotional single, "What the Price", was released on January 19, 2017. The song was produced by Ricky Racks, Keanu Beats and 808Godz.
The Culture
The Culture is a fictional interstellar post-scarcity civilization or society created by the Scottish writer Iain M. Banks and features in a number of his space opera novels and works of short fiction, collectively called the Culture series.
William Irwin (philosopher)
Irwin is best known for having originated the philosophy and popular culture genre of books with "Seinfeld and Philosophy: A Book about Everything and Nothing" in 1999 and then the popular "" in 2001. He was editor of these books and then series editor of the Popular Culture and Philosophy Series through Open Court Publishing Company, producing titles such as "Harry Potter and Philosophy: If Aristotle Ran Hogwarts", "Star Wars and Philosophy: More Powerful Than You Can Possibly Imagine", "Superheroes and Philosophy: Truth, Justice, and the Socratic Way", and many others. Carlin Romano from "The Chronicle of Higher Education" called the Popular Culture and Philosophy Series “the most serious philosophy series on the market, if some link between academic seriousness and real life still exists.” In an article in the Chronicle of Higher Education, Stephen T. Asma called William Irwin the “chief architect” of the philosophy and popular culture movement.
Kulturen
Kulturen was founded in 1892 by local historian, who also was the managing director until 1933. Karlin was a contemporary of Arthur Hazelius who had opened the open-air museum Skansen just a year before. Skansen had become the model for other open-air museums in Northern Europe.
Pop Culture Press
"Pop Culture Press" was founded and edited by Luann Williams. Luke Torn, who has also written for "The Wall Street Journal", Mojo, and "The Austin Chronicle", took over as editor in 2005. There were sixty-six issues published, before it became a blog which eventually stopped updating in 2010. Some of the sampler CDs are now collector's items. Luann Williams revived the brand to create "Pop Culture Press Records". "Pop Culture Press records" has released two titles from LA indie band The Black Watch CD+LP: The End Of When (2013) and Sugarplum Fairy, Sugarplum Fairy (2015).
Culture (album)
Culture (stylized as C U L T U R E) is the second studio album by American hip hop trio Migos. It was released on January 27, 2017, by 300 Entertainment, Quality Control Music and YRN Tha Label. The album features guest appearances from DJ Khaled, Lil Uzi Vert, Gucci Mane, 2 Chainz and Travis Scott, while the production was handled by Metro Boomin and Murda Beatz, among others.
Iain Matthews
Influenced by both rock and roll and folk music, he has performed as both a solo artist, and as a member of various bands. He was a member of Fairport Convention during the early period when they were heavily influenced by American folk rock and sang on their first three albums before leaving in 1969. He initially embarked upon a solo career before forming the bands Matthews Southern Comfort and then Plainsong. Later in his career he was also a member of the bands Hi-Fi, No Grey Faith, and More Than A Song.
In a career spanning over fifty years he has featured on over 100 albums and in 2018 published an autobiographical book, “Thro’ My Eyes : A Memoir’’, about his life in the music industry.
Iain Banks
After the publication and success of "The Wasp Factory" (1984), Banks began to write on a full-time basis. His first science fiction book, "Consider Phlebas", was released in 1987, marking the start of the Culture series. His books have been adapted for theatre, radio and television. In 2008, "The Times" named Banks in their list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945". In April 2013, Banks announced that he had inoperable cancer and was unlikely to live beyond a year. He died on 9 June 2013.
AnonymousCulture
In 2009, the newly named AnonymousCulture released a series of mixtapes, The Anonymous Files Volume I and II, and a single, “Stacks,” to bloggers and hip hop fans. In 2010, he released his first original body of work entitled "The Intervention". The name came from the idea that music had lost its way and needed a change. "The Intervention" features beats from Dallas producer, LehtMoJoe, Xavier Marquis and King Blue. After the release of “The Intervention”, AnonymousCulture wrote "The Truth" for Deion Sander's little league football team of the same name. The song aired on the NFL Network as well as the UPN television network. AnonymousCulture was also a featured artist on Chicago’s spin club DJ MetiAlready, "Sho Shot Game/ Cut Throat Edition" signature series Volume 9 in 2010.
Iain Banks
Iain Banks (16 February 1954 – 9 June 2013) was a Scottish author. He wrote mainstream fiction under the name Iain Banks and science fiction as Iain M. Banks, including the initial of his adopted middle name Menzies ().
The Thing (art project)
In 1991, The Thing began as a Bulletin Board System (BBS) focusing on contemporary art and cultural theory. In 1990, the writer and critic Blackhawk (having recently produced the film "Cyberpunk") taught Wolfgang Staehle many of the abilities he needed to start the original The Thing BBS. Blackhawk was the first person Staehle turned to after conceiving the idea for an electronic culture resource based on the model of Joseph Beuys's "Social sculpture". Blackhawk and Wolfgang jointly set up the editorial structure of the original BBS and planned for many of the then experimental activities that took place. Other people who helped develop and shape the content of the early BBS included Josefina Ayerza, Dike Blair, Donald Newman, the original programmer, Jordan Crandall, David Platzker, Josh Decter, Rainer Ganahl, Julia Scher, Barry Schwabsky, Morgan Garwood, Franz von Stauffenberg and Benjamin Weil.
Use of Weapons
According to Banks, he wrote a much longer version of the book in 1974, long before any of his books (science fiction or otherwise) were published. The book had an even more complicated structure ("It was impossible to comprehend without thinking in six dimensions") but already introduced the Culture as background for the story of Cheradenine Zakalwe. Realising that his intended structure was a "fatal flaw", not least because it demanded the story's climax appear exactly half-way through, Banks moved on to write Against a Dark Background instead. The book's cryptic acknowledgement credits friend and fellow science fiction author Ken MacLeod with the suggestion "to argue the old warrior out of retirement" (to rewrite the old book) and further credits him with suggesting "the fitness programme" (the new structure). MacLeod makes use of similar structures in his own novels, most notably in "The Stone Canal".
Rockne S. O'Bannon
O'Bannon originally wrote "Cult" in the aftermath of "Farscape" and watching the legions of fans mobilize to save the show. ""I saw this phenomenon with fans rallying around the show. Okay, what if there wasn't this wonderfully warm sci-fi adventure show, but it was something a little bit darker and edgier? What kind of fans would that bring in? That's what started me down the path of creating Cult."" When asked about leaving "Defiance" for "Cult," Rockne responded: ""It was a difficult transition for me because I really did and do love “Defiance,” but “Cult” is really my baby.""
The Culture (series)
Banks says he conceived the Culture in the 1960s, and that it is a combination of wish fulfilment and a reaction against the predominantly right-wing science fiction produced in the United States. In his opinion, the Culture might be a "great place to live", with no exploitation of people or AIs, and whose people could create beings greater than themselves.
The Culture
The Culture series comprises nine novels and one short story collection (in publishing and mostly chronological order):
The Council
In culture
Culture of New York City
The American comic book was invented in New York City in the early 1930s as a way to cheaply repackage and resell newspaper comic strips, which also experienced their major period of creative growth and development in New York papers in the first decades of the 20th century. Immigrant culture in the city was the central topic and inspiration for comics from the days of Hogan's Alley, the Yellow Kid, The Katzenjammer Kids and beyond. Virtually all creators and workers employed in the early comic book industry were based in New York, from publishers to artists, many of them coming from immigrant Jewish families in the Lower East Side and Brooklyn.
Artificial intelligence in fiction
Optimistic visions of the future of artificial intelligence are possible in science fiction. One of the best-known is Iain Banks's "Culture" series of novels, which portray a utopian, post-scarcity space society of humanoids, aliens, and advanced beings with artificial intelligence living in socialist habitats across the Milky Way.
Ray B. Browne
Ray Browne's works through the years laid the conceptual foundations for the study of popular culture. Among his key foundational works are his essay "Popular Culture: Notes Toward a Definition", which first appeared in the book Popular Culture and Curricula (1972, edited by Ray Browne and Ronald Ambrosetti), and books such as "Popular Culture and the Expanding Consciousness" (1973), "Challenges in American Culture" (1970, with Larry Landrum and W.K. Bottorff), "The Popular Culture Explosion" (1972, with David Madden), "Heroes of Popular Culture" (1972, with Marshall Fishwick and Michael Marsden), "Icons of Popular Culture" (1970, with Marshall Fishwick), "Icons of America" (1978, with Marshall Fishwick), "Rituals and Ceremonies in Popular Culture" (1980), "Objects of Special Devotion: Fetishism in Popular Culture" (1982), "Against Academia" (Popular Press, 1989; a semi-autobiographical book), "Dominant Symbols in Popular Culture" (1990, with Marshall Fishwick and Kevin O. Browne), "Continuities in Popular Culture: The Present in the Past & the Past in the Present and Future" (1993, with Ronald Ambrosetti), "Popular Culture Studies Across the Curriculum" (2005), "Profiles of Popular Culture: A Reader" (2005), and "Mission Underway: The History of the Popular Culture Association/American Culture Association and the Popular Culture Movement 1967–2001" (2002).
Break the Bank (1976 game show)
Break the Bank is an American game show created by Jack Barry and Dan Enright and produced by their production company Barry & Enright Productions. It was the first game show produced by Barry and Enright as a tandem since their fall from grace following the 1950s quiz show scandals.
Ken Burns
Burns has gone on to a long, successful career directing and producing well-received television documentaries and documentary miniseries on subjects as diverse as arts and letters ("Thomas Hart Benton", 1988); mass media ("", 1991); sports ("Baseball", 1994, updated with "10th Inning", 2010); politicians ("Thomas Jefferson", 1997); music ("Jazz", 2001); literature ("Mark Twain", 2001); war (the 15-hour World War II documentary "The War", 2007); environmentalism ("", 2009); and the Civil War (the 11-hour "The Civil War", 1990, which All Media Guide says "many consider his 'chef d'oeuvre'").
Idiran–Culture War
The Idiran–Culture War is a major fictional conflict between the Idiran Empire and the Culture in the midst of which Iain M. Banks' science fiction novel "Consider Phlebas" is set. His later book, "Look to Windward", contains many references to the war: particularly the induced supernovae of two stars, which resulted in the deaths of billions of sentient creatures. References to the war can also be found in "Excession", "Matter", "The Player of Games", "Surface Detail", and "The Hydrogen Sonata".
Neuralink
In April 2017, a blog called "Wait But Why" reported that the company aims to make devices to treat serious brain diseases in the short-term, with the eventual goal of human enhancement, sometimes called transhumanism. Musk said he got partly interested in the idea from a science fiction concept called "neural lace" that is part of the fictional universe in "The Culture", a series of novels by Iain M. Banks.
Creativity
Organizational Culture
Intelligent design movement
On December 6, 1993, an article by Meyer was published in "The Wall Street Journal", drawing national attention to the controversy over Dean H. Kenyon's teaching of creationism. This article also gained the attention of Discovery Institute co-founder Bruce Chapman. On discovering that Meyer was developing the idea of starting a scientific research center in conversations with conservative political scientist John G. West, Chapman invited them to create a unit within the Discovery Institute called the Center for the Renewal of Science and Culture (later renamed the Center for Science and Culture). This center was dedicated to overthrowing "scientific materialism" and "fomenting nothing less than a scientific and cultural revolution."
A 1995 conference, "The Death of Materialism and the Renewal of Culture," served as a blueprint for the center. By 1996 they had nearly a million dollars in grants, the largest being from Howard Ahmanson, Jr., with smaller but still large contributions coming from the Stewardship Foundation established by C. Davis Weyerhaeuser and the Maclellan Foundation, and appointed their first class of research fellows.
Culture II
In a November 21, 2017, "The New York Times" story on the group, it was revealed that the updated release date for the album was January 2018; earlier reports suggested an October release. Quavo announced on January 8 that he and DJ Durel were mixing the album. On January 15, 2018, Migos announced the release date of January 26 via their official social media accounts. The same day, Quavo posted a snippet of the song "Culture National Anthem". Merchandise for the album has been released within Bloomingdale's 'Music Is Universal' pop-up space in conjunction with Universal Music Group.
Iain Banks
On 3 April 2013, Banks announced on his website, and one set up by him and some friends, that he had been diagnosed with terminal cancer of the gallbladder and was unlikely to live beyond a year. In his announcement, Banks stated that he would be withdrawing from all public engagements and that "The Quarry" would be his last novel. The dates of publication of "The Quarry" were brought forward at Banks's request, to 20 June 2013 in the UK and 25 June 2013 in the US. Banks died on 9 June 2013.
Excession
Excession is a science fiction novel by Scottish writer Iain M. Banks. It is the fifth in the Culture series, a series of ten science fiction novels which feature a utopian fictional interstellar society called the Culture. It concerns the response of the Culture and other interstellar societies to an unprecedented alien artifact, the Excession of the title.
The Culture
The Culture is a posthuman society, which originally arose when seven or eight roughly humanoid space-faring species coalesced into a quasi-collective (a group-civilization) ultimately consisting of approximately thirty trillion (short scale) sentient (more properly, sapient) beings (this includes artificial intelligences). In Banks's universe, a good part (but by no means an overwhelming percentage) of all sentient species is of the "pan-human" type, as noted in "Matter".
Culture Coast Chicago
The post-World War II years brought poet Gwendolyn Brooks to the Culture Coast, where she wrote her collection "Annie Allen", the first work by an African American to win a Pulitzer Prize. Dramatist Lorraine Hansberry later made history as the first black woman produced on Broadway with the 1959 debut of her play "Raisin in the Sun", a fictionalized account of her family's experience of trying to move into a white neighborhood in Woodlawn.
Two Sevens Clash
Two Sevens Clash is the debut album by roots reggae band Culture, recorded with producer Joe Gibbs at his own Joe Gibbs Recording Studio in Kingston in 1976, and released on Gibbs' eponymous label in 1977 (see 1977 in music). The album's title is a reference to the date of July 7, 1977.
Ray B. Browne
Ray Browne was credited with coining the term "popular culture" in 1967; however, he did not originate this term. In 1973, Browne created the first academic program dedicated to studying popular culture at Bowling Green University. Browne created this program because he wanted to know the effects of society on culture and the effects of culture on society. Browne stressed to scholars that it was important to learn about the irrelevant changes in peoples' lives. However, many scholars criticized Browne for trying to belittle their teachings when he created the "popular culture department". Browne's work inspired other universities to offer classes that explore popular culture.
The Culture
When asked in "Wired" magazine (June 1996) whether mankind's fate depends on having intelligent machines running things, as in the Culture, Banks replied:
Culture and Society
When first published, the book was widely regarded as having overturned conventional social and historical thinking about culture. It argues that the notion of culture developed in response to the Industrial Revolution and the social and political changes it brought in its wake. This is done through a series of studies of famous British writers and essayists, beginning with Edmund Burke and William Cobbett, also looking at William Blake, William Wordsworth, etc., and continuing as far as F. R. Leavis, George Orwell and Christopher Caudwell.
Dual inheritance theory
The idea that human cultures undergo a similar evolutionary process as genetic evolution goes back at least to Darwin In the 1960s, Donald T. Campbell published some of the first theoretical work that adapted principles of evolutionary theory to the evolution of cultures. In 1976, two developments in cultural evolutionary theory set the stage for DIT. In that year Richard Dawkins's "The Selfish Gene" introduced ideas of cultural evolution to a popular audience. Although one of the best-selling science books of all time, because of its lack of mathematical rigor, it had little effect on the development of DIT. Also in 1976, geneticists Marcus Feldman and Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza published the first dynamic models of gene–culture coevolution. These models were to form the basis for subsequent work on DIT, heralded by the publication of three seminal books in the 1980s.
Center for Science and Culture
The Center for the Renewal of Science and Culture, as it was originally named, grew out of a conference called "The Death of Materialism and the Renewal of Culture" that the Discovery Institute organised in the summer of 1995. It was founded in 1996 by the Discovery Institute with funding provided by Fieldstead & Company, the Stewardship Foundation, Howard Ahmanson, Jr. and the Maclellan Foundation. The evolution of the Center's name in 2002 reflects its attempt to present itself as less religiously motivated in the public's eye. The evolving banners on the CRSC/CSC's website pictorially parallel these verbal efforts to disassociate the site from its overtly religious origins. The "renewal" in its name referred to its stated goal of "renewing" American culture by grounding society's major institutions, especially education, in religion as outlined in the Wedge Document.
An internal CSC report dating from 1998 which outlined a five-year plan for fostering broader acceptance of ID was leaked to the public in 1999. This plan became known as the Wedge strategy. The Wedge Document explained the CSC's key aims are "To defeat scientific materialism and its destructive moral, cultural and political legacies" and to "replace materialistic explanations with the theistic understanding that nature and human beings are created by God."
List of civilisations in the Culture series
Various fictional societies are depicted in the Culture series of Iain M. Banks.
Acid Dreams (book)
Investigative journalist Martin A. Lee (1954—) was 14 years old during the height of the countercultural movement of the 1960s; his personal motivation for writing the book was spurred by his attempt to understand himself and the culture he was a part of during this time. His early interest in the Kennedy assassination led him to work with the Assassination Information Bureau, an activist group founded by Carl Oglesby. While the group was pursuing leads on the killings of JFK and Oswald, Lee pursued a different angle involving drug testing and mind control, which eventually lead him to research the relationships—but not necessarily any conspiracy—between the CIA, drug testing, and the counterculture of the 1960s.
The Culture (series)
Before his first published novel, "The Wasp Factory" (1984; not science fiction), was accepted in 1983, Banks wrote five books that were rejected, of which three were science fiction. In Banks' first draft of "Use of Weapons" in 1974, his third attempt at a novel, the Culture was just a backdrop intended to show that the mercenary agent was working for the "good guys" and was responsible for his own misdeeds. At the time he persuaded his friend Ken MacLeod to read it and MacLeod tried to suggest improvements, but the book had too much purple prose and a very convoluted structure. In 1984, shortly after "The Wasp Factory" was published, MacLeod was asked to read "Use of Weapons" again, and said there was "a good novel in there struggling to get out", and suggested the interleaved forwards and backwards narratives that appeared in the published version in 1990. The novella "The State of the Art", which provides the title of the 1991 collection, dates from 1979, the first draft of "The Player of Games" from 1980 and that of "Consider Phlebas" from 1982.
Culture Magazine
The magazine was founded in 2009 by Jeremy Zachary with the stated mission of informing and entertaining the estimated 500,000-plus medical-cannabis patients in the Greater Southern California area. The first issue was published in June 2009.
Organizational culture
The term of culture in the organizational context was first introduced by Dr. Elliott Jaques in his book "The Changing Culture of a Factory", in 1951. This is the published report of "a case study of developments in the social life of one industrial community between April, 1948 and November 1950". The "case" is a publicly held British company engaged principally in the manufacture, sale, and servicing of metal bearings. The study is concerned with the description, analysis, and development of the corporate group behaviours.
The Culture (series)
As a posthumous tribute to Iain Banks, aerospace manufacturer SpaceX named two of its autonomous spaceport drone ships after sentient star ships Just Read the Instructions and Of Course I Still Love You which first appeared in the novel The Player of Games.
The Cricket (magazine)
The Cricket, subtitled "Black Music in Evolution", was a magazine created in 1968 by Amiri Baraka (then LeRoi Jones), Larry Neal and A. B. Spellman. Baraka has said: "Larry Neal, AB and I realized the historical influence of music on African /Afro American Culture. I saw the magazine as a necessary dispenser of this influence as part of a continuum. And that attention to the culture was a way of drawing attention to the people’s needs and struggle." The headquarters was in New York City.
The Culture (series)
All of the stories feature the tension between the Culture's humane, anarcho-communist ideals and its need to intervene in the affairs of less enlightened and often less advanced civilisations. The first Culture novel, "Consider Phlebas", describes an episode in the Idiran War, which the Culture's Minds foresaw would cause billions of deaths on both sides, but which their utilitarian calculations predicted would be the best course in the long term. The Idiran War serves as a recurring reference point in most of the subsequent novels, influencing the Culture's development for centuries and dividing its residents—both humanoids and AI Minds—along the pacifist and interventionist ideals.
Technology and Culture
Technology and Culture is a quarterly academic journal founded in 1959. It is an official publication of the Society for the History of Technology (SHOT), whose members routinely refer to it as "T&C." Besides scholarly articles and critical essays, the journal publishes reviews of books and museum exhibitions. Occasionally, the journal publishes thematic issues; topics have included patents, gender and technology, and ecology. "Technology and Culture" has had three past editors-in-chief: Melvin Kranzberg (1959–1981), Robert C. Post (1982–1995), and John M. Staudenmaier (1996–2010). Since 2011 the journal has been edited at the University of Oklahoma by Prof. Suzanne Moon. Managing editors have included Joan Mentzer, Joseph M. Schultz, David M. Lucsko, and Peter Soppelsa.
Use of Weapons
Use of Weapons is a science fiction novel by Scottish writer Iain M. Banks, first published in 1990. It is the third novel in the Culture series.
The Culture
In a 2002 interview with "Science Fiction Weekly" magazine, when asked:
Banks replied:
The Business (band)
The band was formed in 1979 by school friends Steven ('Steve') Kent (guitar), Michael Fitzsimons ('Micky Fitz') (vocals), Nicholas ('Nick') Cunningham (drums) and Martin Smith (bass). They played their first gig in front of friends in February 1980, and after taking on Lol Pryor as manager, began performing more often. The band's first release was the song "Out in the Cold" on the "A Sudden Surge of Sound" compilation album. They played their first Oi! concert in 1981, supporting The 4-Skins, and they became closely associated with the Oi! scene from then on. While the Oi! movement was labelled as far right and racist (despite the fact that several Oi! bands played at Rock Against Racism concerts), The Business took a stance against political extremism with their "Oi Against Racism and Political Extremism ...But Still Against The System" tour.
The Cult
On 5 November 2015, it was announced that The Cult would release their new album, entitled "Hidden City", on 5 February 2016. The album is said to be the final part of a trilogy that began with "Born into This", and marks the fifth time Bob Rock had produced a Cult album. The band also announced that they had hired bassist Grant Fitzpatrick as the replacement for Chris Wyse. Chris Chaney (Jane's Addiction, Camp Freddy) and producer Bob Rock performed session bass on the album. In support of "Hidden City", The Cult opened for Guns N' Roses on the Not in This Lifetime... Tour.
Brian P. Burns
In 1986, Brian P. Burns and the Burns family founded The John J. Burns Library at Boston College. The Burns Library is the college's repository of rare books, special collections, and archives. The library's Irish Collection, formally established in 1948, is one of the top repositories of Irish history, literature, and culture in the world. The Burns Library was dedicated on April 22, 1986, with a commitment to expand the literary holdings of the Irish collection. Described as the guardian of Irish culture, the Burns Library is dedicated to preserving the abundant historical, literary, musical, and artistic heritage of Ireland, and to providing liberal access for research, teaching, and general appreciation through online resources and onsite exhibitions. The Burns Library continues to increase the richness and diversity of its Irish-related collections through strategic purchases and donations. Today, it holds more than 50,000 volumes documenting Irish history, literature, and culture, dozens of manuscript and archival collections, and significant holdings of photographs, artworks, maps, and ephemera, making it the largest and most comprehensive collection of Irish research materials outside Ireland.
Culture (album)
Performers
The Culture Show
Launched in November 2004, the show initially transmitted on Thursday nights in a 7 p.m. slot, lasting 60 minutes. The first main presenter was Verity Sharp, though she shared presenting duties in the show's first run with Kwame Kwei-Armah and Andrew Graham-Dixon. The first series included segments on film director Martin Scorsese, the conductor and pianist Daniel Barenboim, the then little-known indie rock group Kaiser Chiefs and the contemporary visual artist Anselm Kiefer, among others. The launch editor, George Entwistle, was previously editor of BBC Two's flagship current affairs programme "Newsnight".
Bernarr Macfadden
Macfadden founded "Physical Culture" magazine in 1899, and was editor up to the August 1912 issue. Aided by long-time Supervising Editor Fulton Oursler, Macfadden eventually grew a publishing empire, including "Liberty", "True Detective", "True Story", "True Romances", "Dream World", "Ghost Stories", the once-familiar movie magazine "Photoplay", and the tabloid newspaper, "The New York Graphic". Macfadden's magazines included "SPORT", a preeminent sports magazine prior to Time Inc.'s "Sports Illustrated."
Film Culture
Film Culture was an American film magazine started by Adolfas Mekas and his brother Jonas Mekas in 1954. The headquarters was in New York City. Best known for exploring the avant-garde cinema in depth, it also published articles on other aspects of cinema, including Hollywood films.
Marshall Sahlins
After the publication of "Culture and Practical Reason" in 1976, his focus shifted to the relation between history and anthropology, and the way different cultures understand and make history. Of central concern in this work is the problem of historical transformation, which structuralist approaches could not adequately account for. Sahlins developed the concept of the "structure of the conjuncture" to grapple with the problem of structure and agency, in other words that societies were shaped by the complex conjuncture of a variety of forces, or structures. Earlier evolutionary models, by contrast, claimed that culture arose as an adaptation to the natural environment. Crucially, in Sahlins's formulation, individuals have the agency to make history. Sometimes their position gives them power by placing them at the top of a political hierarchy. At other times, the structure of the conjuncture, a potent or fortuitous mixture of forces, enables people to transform history. This element of chance and contingency makes a science of these conjunctures impossible, though comparative study can enable some generalizations. "Historical Metaphors and Mythical Realities" (1981), "Islands of History" (1985), "Anahulu" (1992), and "Apologies to Thucydides" (2004) contain his main contributions to historical anthropology.
Papo Colo
In 1982 Papo Colo, with Jeanette Ingberman, founded Exit Art, an internationally known cultural center in New York City. In 1992 he founded the Trickster Theater, an experimental multiingual and multicultural theater company. The company served as an integral part of Exit Art's discourse and was held on the lower level of its facilities. In 2005 he wrote and directed "Mplay", a theater piece created solely for the web. He has won numerous awards including The New York Times Best Inaugural Show by an Alternative Art Space for his exhibition "Exit Biennial: Reconstruction" Additionally, "REACTIONS," an international response to 9/11 conceived by Papo Colo, was acquired by The Library of Congress for its permanent collection Jeanette Ingberman died August 24, 2011 from complications of leukemia.
Culture (band)
"Two Sevens Clash" meanwhile had become a big seller in the United Kingdom, popular with punk rock fans as well as reggae fans and boosted by the support of John Peel on his BBC Radio 1 show, and reached number 60 on the UK Albums Chart in April 1978. This prompted Virgin Records to sign the group to its Front Line label, releasing "Harder than the Rest" (1978) and "International Herb" (1979). Culture also released records on other labels in Jamaica, including a dub version of "Harder than the Rest", "Culture in Dub" (1978, High Note), and an album of different recordings of the same album, "Africa Stand Alone" (April 1978). An album recorded for Pottinger in 1979 with a working title of "Black Rose" remained unreleased until tracks emerged in 1993 on "Trod On".
A Million Open Doors
A Million Open Doors (1992) is a science fiction novel by American writer John Barnes, the first book of his "Thousand Cultures" series. The story is told from the perspective of a maturing adult from a parochial culture who encounters many obstacles in a different and even more parochial culture which causes him to become a fully engaged citizen in the Interstellar culture. "A Million Open Doors" is a study of the effects of globalization.
Ken Burns
Kenneth Lauren Burns (born July 29, 1953) is an American filmmaker, known for his style of using archival footage and photographs in documentary films. His widely known documentary series include "The Civil War" (1990), "Baseball" (1994), "Jazz" (2001), "The War" (2007), "" (2009), "Prohibition" (2011), "The Roosevelts" (2014), and "The Vietnam War" (2017). He was also executive producer of both "The West" (1996, directed by Stephen Ives), and "Cancer: The Emperor of All Maladies" (2015, directed by Barak Goodman).
Cultural psychology
The 4 I's cultural model was developed by Hazel Rose Markus and Alana Conner in their book "Clash! 8 Cultural Conflicts That Make Us Who We Are." In it, they refer to the mutually constitutive nature of culture and individual as a "culture cycle." The culture cycle consists of four layers (Individuals, Interactions, Institutions, Ideas) of cultural influence that help to explain the interaction between self and culture.
Ernie Barnes
Barnes created the painting "The Sugar Shack" in the early 1970s. It gained international exposure when it was used on the "Good Times" television series and on the 1976 Marvin Gaye album "I Want You". 
According to Barnes, he created the original version of "The Sugar Shack" after reflecting upon his childhood, during which he was not "able to go to a dance." In a 2008 interview, Barnes said, ""The Sugar Shack" is a recall of a childhood experience. It was the first time my innocence met with the sins of dance. The painting transmits rhythm so the experience is re-created in the person viewing it. To show that African-Americans utilize rhythm as a way of resolving physical tension."
Ilacoin
Due to differences with the label, he then parted, starting Triple Bars Inc. He released his own independent single with Fat Beats Distribution called Fighting Clocks Remix featuring Lord Jamar of Brand Nubian. All singles met modest sales but critical acclaim in the Hip Hop community, as well as The Source Magazine. As well as having the honor of hitting #1 on the charts in war stricken parts of the world with "By A Stranger" (i.e. Croatia), "Keep It Street" remained one of Hip Hop Legend, Chuck D's top 5 songs for 2000-2001. Having consistently recorded songs throughout, Ilacoin released his first ever mixtape compiling many of his unreleased and released works (ILACOIN: EPISODE 0) in 2010 to please his loyal fans through Complex.com & KevinNottingham.com. Working from his own studio, he is destined to become one of Hip Hop's newest classic beatsmiths. His childhood friend, Ron Browz lent his vocals to Ilacoin's single, Family Business (unreleased). Ilacoin is an artist who has stayed true to Hip Hop's independent spirit. Having problems with his publishing since the beginning of his career, he refuses to let his best work out until he establishes himself on all fronts of the music industry. The Wu-Tang Clan interpolated his music from a record he wrote with Easy Mo Bee (This, That & The 3rd; B-side to Keep It Street) on their last hit single (Take It Back) in 2008. The issue is still in litigation. Most of Ilacoin's songs are about growing up amid violence and hardship in ghettos, racism, problems in the society and conflicts with the industry and authority. Finding his voice in his community, he serves as an activist standing up for many causes including child abuse and missing children. It should also be noted that Ilacoin is the originator of the pop cultural phenomenon, The "Pause" Game.
World of Culture
In 1983, Amitin founded the World of Culture, Ltd. (later the non-profit World of Culture for Performing Arts, Inc.) in order to represent theatrical groups and individual film, television, and theatre actors, writers, designers, and directors, and to establish a network that would facilitate touring and performing worldwide. He also worked as a writer, researcher, consultant, and director on several film and television projects including the film "Signals Through The Flames"(1982–1983) and the television miniseries about Agnes Smedley, The Eyes of a Friend(1985–1986). Amitin's involvement in festivals such as The New Theatre Festival in Baltimore and the Festival Mondial du Théâtre de Nancy allowed him to become familiar with many theatrical groups and collectives and to facilitate their introduction to audiences outside of their own countries. He shared the political aspirations of many of these groups and worked vigorously to secure their representation in different venues.
Marshall Fishwick
Marshall William Fishwick (July 5, 1923 – May 22, 2006) was an American multidisciplinary scholar, professor, writer, and editor who started the academic movement known as popular culture studies and established the journal "International Popular Culture". In 1970 he cofounded the Popular Culture Association with Ray B. Browne and Russel B. Nye, and the three worked to shape a new academic discipline that blurred the traditional distinctions between high and low culture, focusing on mass culture mediums like television and the Internet and cultural archetypes like comic book heroes. In an academic career of more than fifty years, Fishwick wrote or edited more than forty books, including works on popular culture, Virginia history, and American studies.
Melvyn Bragg
In 2012 he brought "The South Bank Show" back to Sky Arts 1. In December 2012, he began "The Value of Culture", a five-part series on BBC Radio 4 examining the meaning of culture, expanding on Matthew Arnold's landmark (1869) collection of essays "Culture and Anarchy". In June 2013 Bragg wrote and presented "The Most Dangerous Man in Tudor England", broadcast by the BBC. This told the dramatic story of William Tyndale's mission to translate the Bible from the original languages to English. In February 2012, he began "Melvyn Bragg on Class and Culture", a three-part series on BBC2 examining popular media culture, with an analysis of the British social class system. Bragg appeared on the Front Row "Cultural Exchange" on May Day 2013. He nominated a self-portrait by Rembrandt as a piece of art which he had found especially interesting. In 2015, Bragg was appointed as a Vice President of the Royal Television Society.
Alien Kulture
Alien Kulture was a British punk band active from 1979 through 1981, founded by Ausaf Abbas, Azhar Rana, Pervez Bilgrami, and self-described "token white" Huw Jones. Inspired by the nascent punk scene, the Anti-Nazi League and the Rock Against Racism concert series, and wanting to express the frustrations of second-generation Asian immigrants during a period of ethnic tension and race riots in Britain, the members of the band turned to music to achieve politically what they had not been able to via protest rallies, and to draw on their Pakistani Muslim backgrounds to promote an Asian presence in popular culture. They took their name as a response to then newly elected Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's stated fears of being "swamped by people with a different culture".
A Gift from the Culture
It was re-published in the Banks anthology, "The State of the Art" (1991, ).
Taqwacore
Muslim punk music dates at least to the 1979 founding of British band Alien Kulture. In the 1990s, Nation Records act Fun-Da-Mental and Asian Dub Foundation emerged solidifying the first examples of UK Muslim generated punk. In an interview, Aki Nawaz, founder of Nation Records, stated that "Islam for me was more punk than punk" Knight's novel was instrumental in encouraging the growth of a contemporary North American Muslim punk movement, and many bands who used the term taqwacore were ones that traveled with Knight on the ISNA tour featured in the documentary. Thus, the taqwacore community is almost inseparable with Knight and his literature.
Lionel Banks
With over 200 films to his credit, Lionel Banks (born June 22, 1901, Salt Lake City, Utah - died March 20, 1950, Los Angeles, California) was a hard-working art director from 1935 to 1949. In that time he worked on such films as Leo McCarey's "The Awful Truth" (1937), Howard Hawks' South American set "Only Angels Have Wings" (1939) and his rapid fire comedy classic the following year "His Girl Friday", most of the "Blondie" B-movies, Alexander Hall's turn of the century fantasy "Here Comes Mr. Jordan" (1941) and Charles Vidor's lush Chopin biopic, "A Song to Remember" in 1945.
Culture (band)
In 1981 the three singers went their own ways. Hill carried on using the Culture name, and recorded the "Lion Rock" album, which was reissued in the United States by Heartbeat Records. Hill and his new band recorded a session for long time supporter John Peel in December 1982, and the group went on to record further studio sessions for Peel in 1998 and 2002, and their performance at the Royal Festival Hall in July 1998 was broadcast on his show. For their part, Walker and Dayes recorded a handful of songs on their own – a few of which turned up on an album titled "Roots & Culture". Hill performed at the "Reggae Sunsplash" festival in 1985 and in 1986 the original line-up reformed to record two highly regarded albums – "Culture in Culture" and "Culture at Work".
Ray B. Browne
In his early years at B.G.S.U., Browne founded the "Journal of Popular Culture" (JPC) in 1967 and the Center for the Study of Popular Culture in 1968. JPC was the first peer-reviewed journal for scholarly work in the area of popular culture. His early efforts in the Department of English led in 1973 to the establishment of a separate Department of Popular Culture which began by offering an M.A. program, followed by the establishment of the undergraduate major a year later. This department was the first formal attempt to promote serious scholarly inquiry into what most people do with most of their free time. The Department of Popular Culture quickly grew and continues to flourish at B.G.S.U. today.
Jean Gebser
In his 1996 "Coming into Being", William Irwin Thompson compared Gebser's structures of consciousness to Marshall McLuhan's conception of the development of communication technology from oral culture to script culture, alphabetic culture, print culture, and then to the emerging electronic culture. Thompson applied these insights to education theory in his 2001 "Transforming History: A Curriculum for Cultural Evolution". In his 2004 "Self and Society: Studies in the Evolution of Consciousness", and in collaboration with the mathematician Ralph Abraham, Thompson further related Gebser's structures to periods in the development of mathematics (arithmetic, geometric, algebraic, dynamical, chaotic) and in the history of music.
Big beat
In 1989, Iain Williams from the English electronic duo Big Bang coined the musical term "big beat" to describe the band's musical style. Williams explained the concept during an interview with the journalist Alex Gerry in an article published in the London magazine "Metropolitan" (issue 132, page 9, 6 June 1989) under the heading, "Big Bang in Clubland – Could Big Beat be the 1989 answer to Acid House?" The band was promoting their first record, an Arabic-inspired dance version of ABBA's "Voulez-Vous" and their instrumental track "Cold Nights in Cairo" that had just been released on Swanyard Records. The single was produced by Big Bang and Steev Toth. Big Bang are Laurence Malice (Trade nightclub founder) and Iain Williams (writer). The band's sound consisted of various experimental musical elements, including heavy drum beats and synthesizer-generated loops as well as an added suggestion of European influences that at times had a trance-like quality. The band used session vocalists on all their recordings. The concept of the big beat sound was later picked up on and adapted by many club DJs and went on to become widely used by many successful musicians throughout the 1990s.
First contact (science fiction)
By contrast, in the works of Iain M. Banks, the "Contact" division of the galactic civilization calling itself the Culture (which features in the majority of Banks' science fiction) frequently manipulates less advanced civilizations, steering them towards peaceful progress, especially those that may become aggressive or dangerous, under the pretext of maintaining the balance of galactic power; a notable exception being the short story "The State of the Art", in which the Culture decides not to contact Earth so they can use it as a control against which they can measure their manipulations of other societies. Novels such as "The Player of Games" and "Look to Windward" delve into the psychology of first inter-species contact in considerable depth. In the novel "Excession", Banks coins the phrase "Outside Context Problem" in relation to first contact.
Culture Biosystems
The company was founded in 2010 by Lawrence A. Walmsley and Dr. Andreas Meiser. Since 2011, the company has partnered with University of South Florida and has been operating a pilot facility.
In 2013, the company received a grant from the state of Florida to increase the production of algae to one acre. Currently, its demonstration facility is in Southwest Florida.
The corporate office is located in New York.
New religious movements and cults in popular culture
L. Ron Hubbard, the founder of Scientology, worked as a contributing author in the Golden Age of Science Fiction (1930s to 1950s) and in the horror and fantasy genres. In a bibliographical study of his works, Marco Frenschkowski agrees with Stephen King in regarding "Fear" (1940) as one of the major horror tales of the 20th century, and praises "its imaginative use of the prosaic and its demythologizing of traditional weird fiction themes". Other works which Frenschkowski cites as notable include "Typewriter in the Sky" (1940), "To the Stars" (1950), the best-selling "Battlefield Earth" (1982), and the ten-volume "Mission Earth" (1985–1987). Frenschkowski concludes that although Hubbard's fiction has received excessive praise from his followers, science-fiction critics leery of Scientology have underrated it. John Clute and Peter Nichols, however, manage to praise much of Hubbard's oeuvre while also raising questions about the thematic link to Scientology. Hubbard's "canny utilization of superman protagonists" in his early work, they argue, came to "tantalize" s-f writers and fans "with visions of transcendental power" and may explain why so many early followers of Hubbard's movement came from the s-f community.
Georg J:son Karlin
Karlin had observed old agrarian society give way to industrial society. He tried to save part of the folk culture by beginning to save the buildings, equipment, furniture and clothes associated with the old folk culture. Kulturen museum was founded by Georg Karlin in 1882. He was its director until 1933. His work has resulted in a huge and unique collection of more than two million items at Kulturen, the second largest open-air museum in Sweden.
Kevin Burrus
Burrus has been involved with the ball culture scene since 1975. He gave the first Mini Ball in Brooklyn NYC (1982), which began the trend of Mini Balls, along with his friend, Makuta Versace Chanel. Burrus started the sequel "Legends, Statements & Stars Balls 1 Through 10" (1989–2000). He started the theme "Lifetime Achievers/Icons, Stars & Status Balls" (2003–2009). 2011 he became celebrity judge "Hustle Contest" along w/Ralph Mc Daniels producer of:"Video Music Box". He also appeared and danced :"Soul Alive & Dance Fever Dance Shows 70's. He is a talk show host for: "The Ian Show", an online Internet radio show. and has been a guest on Tom Bluementhal's Blog Talk Radio internet show. He has subsidiary members in other cities (Chicago, St. Louis, Milwaukee, Detroit, Los Angeles, Oakland, Raleigh and Durham, Virginia, Washington DC, NYC, and in New Jersey and South Carolina), as well as subsidiary members in Paris, France and London, England. He produced several roller-skating events at the Empire Roller Rink in Brooklyn, NY, some of which events were Gospel and included Godmother La Rose Omni and Reverend Hezekiah Walker.
Erin Meyer
Meyer wrote her first book, "The Culture Map: Breaking Through the Invisible Boundaries of Global Business" in 2014. This book represents her collective research data from over thirty different countries. In the book she provides a framework for evaluating different cultures and then offers strategies for improving international success. She has identified 8 dimensions that capture most of the differences within and among cultures. Using this method, Meyer has also developed a self-assessment tool for Harvard Business Review, which helps in seeing where one falls on each of the eight scales.
Walking on Glass
Walking on Glass is the second novel by Scottish writer Iain Banks, published in 1985. Banks wrote several more novels before his death in 2013, including several acclaimed science fiction novels that formed the Culture series.
Irving Kristol
Kristol was affiliated with the Congress for Cultural Freedom. He wrote in "Commentary" magazine from 1947 to 1952 under the editor Elliot Cohen (not to be confused with Elliot A. Cohen, the writer of today's magazine); was (with Stephen Spender) co-founder of and contributor to the British-based "Encounter" from 1953 to 1958; editor of "The Reporter" from 1959 to 1960; executive vice-president of the publishing house Basic Books from 1961 to 1969; Henry Luce Professor of Urban Values at New York University from 1969 to 1987; and co-founder and co-editor (first with Daniel Bell and then Nathan Glazer) of "The Public Interest" from 1965 to 2002. He was the founder and publisher of "The National Interest" from 1985 to 2002. Following "Ramparts"' publication of information showing Central Intelligence Agency funding of the Congress for Cultural Freedom, which was widely reported elsewhere, Kristol left in the late 1960s and became affiliated with the American Enterprise Institute.
Bass Culture
Bass Culture is an album by dub poet Linton Kwesi Johnson, released in 1980 on the Island Records label. It was produced by Linton Kwesi Johnson and Dennis Bovell (credited as Blackbeard).
Ray B. Browne
Ray Broadus Browne (; January 15, 1922 – October 22, 2009), was an American educator, author, and founder of the academic study of popular culture in the United States. He was Distinguished Professor Emeritus at Bowling Green State University (BGSU) in Bowling Green, Ohio. He founded the first (and only) academic Department of Popular Culture at BGSU in 1972, and is the founding editor of the "Journal of Popular Culture", the "Journal of American Culture", and the Popular Press (a university-based press that published hundreds of books on popular culture). He also founded the Library for Popular Culture Studies (BPCL) at BGSU (which today bears his name), the Popular Culture Association, and the American Culture Association. His particular area of specialization was American popular literature, and he was an authority on Herman Melville, Mark Twain, the popular culture surrounding Abraham Lincoln and the American Civil War, and the influence of Shakespeare on American popular music.
The Third Culture
The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution is a 1995 book by John Brockman which discusses the work of several well-known scientists who are directly communicating their new, sometimes provocative, ideas to the general public. John Brockman has continued the themes of 'The Third Culture' in the website of the Edge Foundation, where leading scientists and thinkers contribute their thoughts in plain English.
The Culture of Make Believe
The Culture of Make Believe is a non-fiction book by Derrick Jensen, first published in 2002. In the book the author explores the origins of human destructiveness, primarily through the lens of racism, using historical, psychological, sociological, anthropological, and personal anecdotes as tools for understanding.