共産主義革命
後にスターリンによって定式化されたマルクス・レーニン主義の概念では、共産主義の第一段階（より低い段階）が社会主義社会と呼ばれ、第二段階（より高い段階）が共産主義社会と呼ばれた。これにより当時の社会主義諸国は社会主義段階と位置づけられ、貨幣・国家などの廃止は将来の共産主義社会にて実現されるとされた。スターリニズムや一国社会主義論も参照。
無政府共産主義
Communist anarchism shares many traits with collectivist anarchism but has defining differences. Collectivist anarchism believes in collective ownership but communist anarchism negates the entire concept of ownership in favor of the concept of usage. Thus, things are seen as either private possessions used by an individual, or social possessions used to produce for society. Anarcho-communists believe that means of production should not be owned by any one person or entity, leaving it free to be used by individuals for their own self-determined needs and wants. Land and housing would no longer be subject to rent or property taxes (and therefore, its use would be free of eviction threats). It would instead be subject simply to the desires of occupants on an egalitarian basis. For example, in an apartment building in which many live, no one person would have a say in the arrangements. All who live there would be involved in decisionmaking. It's typically argued that everyone should share certain responsibilities on a revolving-door basis rather than relegate them to any particular individual. This way, no one would get stuck doing labor considered relatively degrading.