Periodic table (detailed cells)
Although precursors to this table exist, its invention is generally credited to Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869. Mendeleev invented the table to illustrate recurring ("periodic") trends in the properties of the elements. The layout of the table has been refined and extended over time, as new elements have been discovered, and new theoretical models have been developed to explain chemical behavior.
Rudolphine Tables
In 1551, following the publication of "De revolutionibus orbium coelestium" by Nicholas Copernicus, Erasmus Reinhold produced the "Prutenic Tables" based on a heliocentric model of the Solar System, but these were no more accurate than the earlier tables.