Berlin Observatory
The Berlin Observatory (Berliner Sternwarte) is a German astronomical institution with a series of observatories and related organizations in and around the city of Berlin in Germany, starting from the 18th century. It has its origins in 1700 when Gottfried Leibniz initiated the "Brandenburg Society of Science″ ("Sozietät der Wissenschaften") which would later (1744) become the Prussian Academy of Sciences ("Preußische Akademie der Wissenschaften"). The Society had no observatory but nevertheless an astronomer, Gottfried Kirch, who observed from a private observatory in Berlin. A first small observatory was furnished in 1711, financing itself by calendrical computations.
Berlin Declaration (1945)
An Allied Control Council was established on 30 August 1945 to execute supreme governmental power over Allied-occupied Germany, which now did not include the German eastern territories. In its initial proceedings, the Allied Control Council assumed itself to be the sole repository of German state sovereignty especially in respect of external relations, but largely left each of the Allied Powers to administer their own occupation zones as they saw fit. The functioning of the Allied Control Council proved however, to be severely compromised by obstruction from one or another of the Allied Powers represented on it; initially France (who had not been invited to the Potsdam Conference and refused to be bound by the Potsdam Agreement), and latterly by the Soviet Union - who in 1948 walked out of the Control Council, preventing it from meeting again until 1991.