Algorithmic cooling
A qubit (or quantum bit) is a unit of information that can be in a superposition of two states, denoted as formula_1 and formula_2. The general superposition can be written as formula_3where formula_4 and formula_5. If one measures the state of the qubit in the orthonormal basis composed of formula_1 and formula_2, one gets the result formula_1 with probability formula_9 and the result formula_2 with probability formula_11.
IBM Q Experience
h q[0]; // hadamard-transform qubit 0
cx q[0], q[1]; // conditional pauli X-transform (ie. "CNOT") of qubits 0 and 1. this generates the normal 2-qubit bell state
cx q[1], q[2]; // this expands entanglement to the 3rd qubit