Estrogen (medication)
Estradiol, estrone, and estriol have all been approved as pharmaceutical drugs and are used medically. Estetrol is currently under development for medical indications, but has not yet been approved in any country. A variety of synthetic estrogen esters, such as estradiol valerate, estradiol cypionate, estradiol acetate, estradiol benzoate, estradiol undecylate, and polyestradiol phosphate, are used clinically. The aforementioned compounds behave as prodrugs to estradiol, and are much longer-lasting in comparison when administered by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. Esters of estrone and estriol also exist and are or have been used in clinical medicine, for example estrone sulfate (e.g., as estropipate), estriol succinate, and estriol glucuronide (as Emmenin and Progynon).
List of estrogens available in the United States
This is a complete list of estrogens and formulations that are approved by the and available in the United States. Estrogens are used as hormonal contraceptives, in hormone replacement therapy, and in the treatment of gynecological disorders.Atypical (dual estrogen and nitrogen mustard alkylating antineoplastic):Oral estradiol valerate (except in combination with dienogest as an oral contraceptive) is not available in the U.S. and is used primarily in Europe.