Waist–hip ratio
The waist-hip ratio or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) is the dimensionless ratio of the circumference of the waist to that of the hips.
This is calculated as waist measurement divided by hip measurement (W ÷ H). For example, a person with a 30″ () waist and 38″ () hips has a waist-hip ratio of about 0.78.
Mass-to-light ratio
In astrophysics and physical cosmology the mass to light ratio, normally designated with the Greek upsilon symbol formula_1, is the quotient between the total mass of a spatial volume (typically on the scales of a galaxy or a cluster) and its luminosity. These ratios are often reported using the value calculated for the Sun as a baseline ratio which is a constant formula_2 = 5133 kg/W equal to a solar mass () divided by a solar luminosity (), (/). The mass to light ratios of galaxies and clusters are all much greater than formula_2 due in part to the fact that most of the matter in these objects does not reside within stars and observations suggest that a large fraction is present in the form of dark matter.