Second law of thermodynamics
The second law of thermodynamics may be expressed in many specific ways, the most prominent classical statements being the statement by Rudolf Clausius (1854), the statement by Lord Kelvin (1851), and the statement in axiomatic thermodynamics by Constantin Carathéodory (1909). These statements cast the law in general physical terms citing the impossibility of certain processes. The Clausius and the Kelvin statements have been shown to be equivalent.
Wassim Michael Haddad
Haddad's "Thermodynamics: A Dynamical Systems Approach", Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005, develops a novel and unique system-theoretic framework of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is one of the bedrock disciplines of physics and engineering, yet its foundation has been lacking rigor and clarity as very eloquently pointed out by the American mathematician and natural philosopher Clifford Truesdell. Over the years, researchers from the systems and control community have acknowledged the need for developing a solid foundation for thermodynamics. Haddad's book brings together a vast range of ideas and tools to construct a powerful framework for thermodynamics. He uses dissipativity theory, nonstandard Lyapunov ideas, and positive system theory in his work. His framework captures all of the key ideas of thermodynamics, including its fundamental laws, providing a harmonization of classical thermodynamics with classical mechanics. The work is a "technical masterpiece" that brings to bear and extends the kind of applied analysis that is hallmark to the dynamical systems and control community. In particular, Haddad's exposition brings coherence and clarity to an extremely important classical area of science and engineering. Extensions of this work are reported in.