Emperor of Japan
The current Emperor on the throne is typically referred to as "Tennō Heika" (, "His (Imperial) Majesty the Emperor"), "Kinjō Heika" (, "His Current Majesty") or simply "Tennō", when speaking Japanese. The current Emperor will be renamed "Daijō Tennō" (, Retired Emperor), often shortened to "Jōkō" (), upon his planned retirement on 30 April 2019, and renamed "Heisei Tennō" () after his death and will then be referred to exclusively by that name in Japanese. In Japanese culture, it is considered a major faux pas to refer to a living Emperor by his posthumous name, although the posthumous name is the same as the era, which is used in official documents.
Emperor Meiji
Since the modern era, deceased Emperors of Japan have been given a posthumous name, which is the name of the era coinciding with the Emperor's time on the throne. Therefore, while publicly known in his lifetime merely as "The Emperor", the Japanese monarch historically known as "Emperor Meiji" obtained his current title in reference to the Meiji period which spanned almost the entirety of his reign. His personal name, which is not used in any formal or official context, except for his signature, was .