Speech perception
Agnosia is "the loss or diminution of the ability to recognize familiar objects or stimuli usually as a result of brain damage". There are several different kinds of agnosia that affect every one of our senses, but the two most common related to speech are speech agnosia and phonagnosia.
Integrative agnosia
Integrative agnosia is a sub-disease of agnosia, meaning the lack of integrating perceptual wholes within 
knowledge. Integrative agnosia can be assessed by several experimental tests such as the Efron shape test, which 
determines the specificity of the disease being Integrative. 
This disease is often caused by brain trauma, producing medial ventral lesions to the extrastriate cortex. Affecting this region of the brain produces learning impairments: the inability to 
integrate parts such as spatial distances or producing visual images from short or long-term memory.