Royal Observer Corps
The Royal Observer Corps (ROC) was a civil defence organisation intended for the visual detection, identification, tracking and reporting of aircraft over Great Britain. It operated in the United Kingdom between 29 October 1925 and 31 December 1995, when the Corps' civilian volunteers were stood down. (ROC headquarters staff at RAF Bentley Priory stood down on 31 March 1996). Composed mainly of civilian spare-time volunteers, ROC personnel wore a Royal Air Force (RAF) style uniform and latterly came under the administrative control of RAF Strike Command and the operational control of the Home Office. Civilian volunteers were trained and administered by a small cadre of professional full-time officers under the command of the Commandant Royal Observer Corps; latterly a serving RAF Air Commodore.
Hong Kong Observers
The Hong Kong Observers () was a middle class-based pressure group in Hong Kong active during the 1970s and 80s. It was formed by a group of young Chinese professionals who were educated overseas and second-generation British expatriates discussing current issues on 7 July 1975. It hoped to "supervise and criticise the government through objective research, exerting pressure on the government by influencing public opinion."