Algorithm
The word 'algorithm' has its roots in Latinizing the name of Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi in a first step to "algorismus". Al-Khwārizmī (, , c. 780–850) was a Persian mathematician, astronomer, geographer, and scholar in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad, whose name means 'the native of Khwarezm', a region that was part of Greater Iran and is now in Uzbekistan.
Almanac
One etymology report says "The ultimate source of the word is obscure. Its first syllable, al-, and its general relevance to medieval science and technology, strongly suggest an Arabic origin, but no convincing candidate has been found". Another report similarly says of "almanac": "First seen in Roger Bacon. Apparently from Spanish Arabic, "al-manakh", but this is not an Arabic word...The word remains a puzzle." The "Oxford English Dictionary" similarly says "the word has no etymon in Arabic" but indirect circumstantial evidence "points to a Spanish Arabic "al-manākh"".