Rio de Janeiro
Rio has more people living in slums than any other city in Brazil, according to the 2010 Census. More than 1,500,000 people live in its 763 favelas, 22% of Rio's total population. São Paulo, the largest city in Brazil, has more favelas (1,020) in sheer numbers, but proportionally has fewer people living in favelas than Rio.
Demographics of Rio de Janeiro
Though the main industries in Rio's first years were fishing and sugar plantations, the discovery of gold and diamonds in the neighboring Minas Gerais state brought an influx of people and an economic boom. With Rio's significance increasing, the colonial administration moved from Salvador, in northeast Brazil, to Rio in 1763. In 1808, the Portuguese Royal Family moved to Rio in order to escape from Napoleon's invasion of Portugal, forcing some residents out of their homes in order to make room for the noblemen that followed.