United States presidential primary
There is no provision for the role of political parties in the United States Constitution, since the Founding Fathers did not originally intend for American politics to be partisan. In Federalist Papers No. 9 and No. 10, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison, respectively, wrote specifically about the dangers of domestic political factions. Thus in the first two presidential elections, the Electoral College handled the nominations and elections in 1789 and 1792 that selected George Washington. The beginnings of the American two-party system then emerged from Washington's immediate circle of advisors. Hamilton and Madison, who wrote the aforementioned Federalist Papers against political factions, ended up being the core leaders in this partisanship: Hamilton became the leader of Federalist Party while Madison co-helmed the Democratic-Republican Party with Thomas Jefferson.
Federalist No. 64
Federalist No. 64, titled "The Power of the Senate", is an essay published on March 5, 1788 by John Jay as part of the ongoing "Federalist Papers". Throughout the Federalist Papers, Madison, Hamilton, and Jay emphasize, the special role in the field of foreign affairs (Golove). However, Federalist No.64 specifically focuses more deeply on the concept of treaties and how they are formed. This specific essay in the "Federalist Papers" is very influential; while discussing with the concept of treaties, the mystery behind the author, and the invalid argument of the Anti-Federalists.