Managed care
In terms of using such a plan, unlike an HMO plan, which has a copayment cost share feature (a nominal payment generally paid at the time of service), a PPO generally does not have a copayment but offers a deductible and a coinsurance feature. The deductible must be paid in full before any benefits are provided. After the deductible is met, the coinsurance benefits apply. If the PPO plan is an 80% coinsurance plan with a $1,000 deductible, the patient pays 100% of the allowed provider fee up to $1,000. The insurer will pay 80% of the other fees, and the patient will pay the remaining 20%. Charges above the allowed amount are not payable by the patient or insurer but written off as a discount by the physician.
Decennial liability
Decennial liability insurance or "Inherent Defect Insurance" is insurance that is taken out (by the contractor or principal) to cover costs associated with the potential collapse of the building after completion. The names derives from the fact that it covers the 10 year period after completion of the project. It is compulsory to insure in a few countries such as France, and Egypt. In other countries like Qatar there is the form of strict liability arising from the French Civil Code which does not require any proof of fault, but there is no compulsory requirement to insure The cost of the insurance can significantly increase construction costs and may be up to 1.5% of structural value (including the Technical Inspections that the insurers mandate).