Gross domestic product
Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced in a period of time, often annually 
GDP (nominal) per capita does not, however, reflect differences in the cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries; therefore using a basis of GDP per capita at purchasing power parity (PPP) is arguably more useful when comparing differences in living standards between nations.
Modified gross national income
Modified gross national income, Modified GNI or GNI* was created by the Central Bank of Ireland in February 2017 as a new way to measure the Irish economy, and Irish indebtedness, due to the considerable distortion that the base erosion and profit shifting ("BEPS") tools of U.S. multinational tax schemes, were having on Irish GNP and Irish GDP. While a "distorted GDP-per-capita" is a known feature of corporate–tax havens, Ireland was the first to replace its GDP/GNP metrics.