Agriculture, forestry, and fishing in Japan
Agriculture, farming, and fishing form the primary sector of industry of the Japanese economy together with the Japanese mining industry, but together they account for only 1.3% of gross national product. Only 20% of Japan's land is suitable for cultivation, and the agricultural economy is highly subsidized.
International economic cooperation policy of Japan
The largest use of Japan's bilateral aid is for economic infrastructure (transportation, communications, river development, and energy development), which accounted for 31.5% of the total in 1990. Smaller shares went to development of the production sector (17.1%) and social infrastructure (19.7%). In general, large construction projects predominate in Japan's bilateral foreign aid. Within the category of social infrastructure, education absorbed 6.7% of the bilateral aid in 1990, water supply and sanitation made up 3.4%, and only 2% went for health. Food aid (0.4% of total bilateral aid in 1990) and debt relief (4.3%) also were included in Japan's official development assistance.Margee M. Ensign, "Doing Good or Doing Well? Japan’s Foreign Aid Program" (New York: Columbia University Press, 1992)
Alan Rix, "Japan’s Foreign Aid Challenge: Policy Reform and Aid Leadership" (New York: Routledge, 1993)
Robert M. Orr Jr., "The Emergence of Japan’s Foreign Aid Power" (New York: Columbia University Press, 1990)
Shafiqul Islam, ed., "Yen for Development: Japanese Foreign Aid and the Politics of Burden-Sharing" (New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1991).