Dolly (sheep)
Dolly was born on 5 July 1996 and had three mothers: one provided the egg, another the DNA, and a third carried the cloned embryo to term. She was created using the technique of somatic cell nuclear transfer, where the cell nucleus from an adult cell is transferred into an unfertilized oocyte (developing egg cell) that has had its cell nucleus removed. The hybrid cell is then stimulated to divide by an electric shock, and when it develops into a blastocyst it is implanted in a surrogate mother. Dolly was the first clone produced from a cell taken from an adult mammal. The production of Dolly showed that genes in the nucleus of such a mature differentiated somatic cell are still capable of reverting to an embryonic totipotent state, creating a cell that can then go on to develop into any part of an animal. Dolly's existence was announced to the public on 22 February 1997. It gained much attention in the media. A commercial with Scottish scientists playing with sheep was aired on TV, and a special report in "Time" magazine featured Dolly the sheep. "Science" featured Dolly as the breakthrough of the year. Even though Dolly was not the first animal cloned, she received media attention because she was the first cloned from an adult cell.
Dolly Green
Green spent US$2.2 million for five yearlings at a horse sale at the Keeneland in Lexington, Kentucky in 1980. Later, she owned seventy-four thoroughbreds. In 1984, she established the Dolly Green Equine Research Lab of the Southern California Equine Foundation at the Hollywood Park Racetrack in Inglewood, California. In 1986 at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California her horse Brave Raj won the US$1 million Breeders' Cup Juvenile Fillies and would later be voted the Eclipse Award for American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly. The Dolly Green Research Foundation, affiliated with the Southern California Equine Foundation, ranks as the second largest private foundation dedicated to research on equine health issues. She socialized with Leslie Combs II, owner of Spendthrift Farm in Lexington, Kentucky.