When did Count István Tisza de Borosjenő et Szeged die?
István Tisza
Count István Tisza de Borosjenő et Szeged (archaically English: Stephen Tisza; 22 April 1861 – 31 October 1918) was a Hungarian politician, prime minister, political scientist and member of Hungarian Academy of Sciences. The prominent event in his life was Austria-Hungary's entry into the First World War when he was prime minister for the second time. He was later assassinated during the Aster Revolution on 31 October 1918 - the same day that Hungary terminated its political union with Austria. Tisza supported the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary and was representative of the then "liberal-conservative consent".
Thomas Thynne (died 1682)
Thynne was murdered on 12 February 1682 after the Swedish Count Karl Johann von Königsmark began to pursue his wife. He was shot while riding in his coach in Pall Mall, London, by three men, Christopher Vratz, John Stern and Charles George Borosky. It was strongly suspected that they were acting on the orders of Königsmark and the four were soon arrested. Königsmark however was acquitted of the charge of being an accessory before the fact (due to the corruption of the jury according to diarist John Evelyn) but Vratz, Stern and Borosky were hanged on 10 March 1682. Count Karl von Königsmark was the brother of Count Philip Christoph von Königsmarck who disappeared under mysterious cirucumstances in the state of Hanover in Germany in 1694, possibly murdered by order of the future British monarch George I, with whose wife, Sophia Dorothea of Celle, he was having a notorious affair.
István Tisza
In this period he managed to get the remains of Francis II Rákóczi repatriated from Turkey and interred in the cathedral of Kassa, today Košice. The Parliament approved the increase of conscriptees. As the minister of Internal Affairs he aggressively silenced the railway workers strike in 1904. The organisers were arrested and the strikers were recruited into the army. The police crushed a Socialist gathering for peasants in Bihar, leaving 33 dead and several hundred wounded.
Egyed Monoszló
When the Ban of Slavonia, Joachim Gutkeled, turned against Stephen V and kidnapped his ten-year old son and heir, Ladislaus in the summer of 1272, a new era had begun in Medieval Hungary. Stephen besieged Joachim's fortress in Koprivnica, but could not free his son. The king soon fell ill and died on 6 August 1272, thus the Monoszló brothers lost their patron. Joachim Gutkeled departed for Székesfehérvár as soon as he was informed of Stephen V's death, because he wanted to arrange Ladislaus' coronation. Stephen's widow, Elizabeth the Cuman joined him, infuriating Stephen V's partisans who accused her of having conspired against her husband. Egyed Monoszló immediately laid siege in late August to the Dowager Queen's palace in Székesfehérvár to "rescue" Ladislaus from the rival baronial group's influence. Another foreign chronicles claimed the Monoszlós wanted to assert Duke Béla of Macsó's claim to the Hungarian throne, but historian Attila Zsoldos rejects this option.
Esztergom
The Ottoman conquest of Mohács in 1526 brought a decline to the previously flourishing Esztergom as well. In the Battle of Mohács, the archbishop of Esztergom died. In the period between 1526 and 1543, when two rival kings reigned in Hungary, Esztergom was besieged six times. At times it was the forces of Ferdinand I or John Zápolya, at other times the Ottomans attacked. Finally, in 1530, Ferdinand I occupied the castle. He put foreign mercenaries in the castle, and sent the chapter and the bishopric to Nagyszombat and Pozsony (that is why some of the treasury, the archives and the library survived).
Philip Türje
Béla IV died on 3 May 1270 after 35 years of reign. According to his last will and testament, he was buried in the church of the Conventual Franciscans in Esztergom, next to his youngest son Béla, who predeceased him. However, as 15th-century historian Antonio Bonfini recorded, Philip had his corpse transferred to the Esztergom Cathedral and reburied him amid bright ceremony. Upon the intervention of the Holy See, the Minorites only succeeded in regaining Béla's remains after a long lawsuit. After Béla's death, his daughter, Anna, seized the royal treasury and fled to Bohemia, while other lords rebelled against the rightful heir. Arriving from his province in Eastern Hungary, Duke Stephen immediately left Székesfehérvár for Esztergom to ensure the safety of coronation jewelry. Following that Duke Stephen and Archbishop Philip jointly returned to Székesfehérvár, where Philip crowned him in early June 1270. Although Philip was replaced as royal chancellor by Stephen V's loyal prelate Stephen Báncsa, the "ispánate" of Esztergom was granted to the Archdiocese of Esztergom on 18 May 1270, thus Philip became the first perpetual count (or "ispán") ever in Hungarian history. Since then the archbishops were simultaneously also styled as "ispán"s of Esztergom County with some minor interruptions until the 20th century.
Alexander Köcski
When the Babonići and the weakened Kőszegis rose up in open rebellion in 1327, Ban Mikcs Ákos and Alexander Köcski defeated them. During the military campaign, Köcski seized Sárvár, Németújvár (present-day Güssing, Austria) and two other forts in Kőszeg. For his merits, Köcski was appointed "ispán" of Vas County and castellan of Sárvár in the summer of 1327. He was responsible for integrating the rest of the Kőszegi domain to the royal power. Charles provided him broad power in the redistribution of lands to the loyal local nobility and he had the mandatory of royal grace to the Kőszegis' former "familiares". Köcski fell ill by mid-December 1327. He compiled his last will and testament on his deathbed in the presence of Archbishop Ladislaus Jánki, Master of the treasury Demetrius Nekcsei and Ban Mikcs Ákos. He pledged some of his lands to his orphan niece, Margaret Nádasd. His property was inherited by his only son George and cousin Nicholas. Köcski was still alive on 28 January 1328, but died by 9 February. Ten days later, Charles issued a document on the wedding and morning gift of Köcski's widow Clara Nagymartoni. The majority of his lands were ultimately possessed by Paul Magyar after series of land contracts and purchases in 1332.
Ladislaus IV of Hungary
Archbishop Philip of Esztergom crowned Ladislaus king in Székesfehérvár on about 3 September. In theory, the 10-year-old Ladislaus ruled under his mother's regency, but in fact, baronial parties administered the kingdom. In November of that year, Henry Kőszegi returned from Bohemia and assassinated Ladislaus's cousin, Béla of Macsó. Duke Béla's extensive domains, which were located along the southern borders, were divided among Henry Kőszegi and his supporters. In retaliation for Hungarian incursions into Austria and Moravia, Austrian and Moravian troops invaded the borderlands of Hungary in April 1273. They captured Győr and Szombathely, plundering the western counties. Joachim Gutkeled recaptured the two forts two months later, but Ottokar II of Bohemia invaded Hungary and seized many fortresses, including Győr and Sopron in the autumn.
István Andrássy (general)
Baron István Andrássy de Csíkszentkirály et Krasznahorka (1650 – 1720) was a Hungarian Kuruc general and nobleman, member of the old aristocrat Andrássy family. He was a supporter of Imre Thököly in the 1680s, later joined to Francis II Rákóczi in November 1703 during the Rákóczi's War for Independence. He became commander of the Kuruc armies in the areas between the Danube and Tisza (in Hungarian: "Duna-Tisza köze").
Gregory Bicskei
Andrew III deprived Bicskei from the "perpetual ispánate" of Esztergom County shortly before 29 January 1300, when the castellans of the confiscated Esztergom Castle, brothers Jaroslav and Barleus Divék were granted the title of "ispán". In the same time, Andrew also sent his envoy, an Italian merchant Petrus de Bonzano from Tarvisio to represent his efforts in Rome. Andrew III wanted to achieve that the pope appoint his confidant Anthony, Bishop of Csanád as Archbishop of Esztergom, instead of Bicskei. Meanwhile, a group of powerful lords—including the Šubići, Kőszegis and Csáks—urged Charles II of Naples to send his grandson, Charles of Anjou, who came to the Kingdom of Hungary upon the invitation of an influential Croatian lord, Paul Šubić, in August 1300. He landed at Split in Dalmatia. Bicskei was among those dignitaries, who welcomed the young pretender. They jointly continued to travel to Zagreb. Pope Boniface refused to appoint Anthony, but still did not confirm the election of Bicskei. The Kőszegis and Matthew Csák, were shortly reconciled with Andrew, preventing Charles' success. Andrew, who had been in poor health for a while, was planning to capture his opponent, but he died in Buda Castle on 14  January 1301.
József Mindszenty
In December 1973, at the age of 81, Mindszenty was stripped of his titles by the Pope, who declared the Archdiocese of Esztergom officially vacated, but he refused to fill the seat while Mindszenty was still alive. He visited the Hungarian emigrants in 1975 Caracas, Venezuela, and after that Bogotá, Colombia. Just after this visit, he traveled back to Europe feeling himself very ill. Mindszenty died on 6 May 1975, at the age of 83, in exile in Vienna. In early 1976, the Pope made Bishop László Lékai the primate of Hungary, ending a long struggle with the communist government.
Tiszaszederkény
Tiszaszederkény is a little village on the North-Eastern territory of Hungary, in the neighbourhood of Tiszaújváros. This territory was conquered by the prehistoric man more than 6,000 years ago. The village was mentioned first in an official charter in the 13th century. During the Turkish invasion, many people escaped from the village and it became depopulated. Through the centuries, the place became well-knowned and more and more people arrived. The place was affected by the regulation of the river Tisza in the early 19th century. The population decreased during the first and second World War. In the second half of the 20th century, Tiszaszederkény got the "Town" title and became the 66th town of Hungary. Today Tiszaszederkény is part of the township of Tiszaújváros. 
The history of Tiszaszederkény goes back to the ancient times. The first humans were settled down 6,000 years ago, during the Neolithic period. The closeness of the river Tisza and the flat, fertile land provided a very good place to settle down. After the establishment of the county system, this dwelling-place and its neighbourhood became part of the Borsod county system. It was a good place to cross the river Tisza, so later the village functioned as a crossing-place.
Lajos Tisza
Count Lajos Tisza de Borosjenő et Szeged (12 September 1832 - 26 January 1898) was a Hungarian politician, who served as Minister besides the King between 1892 and 1894. He was the younger brother of Kálmán Tisza and uncle of István Tisza. Tisza took part in the Hungarian politics from 1861, he was a supporter of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867. After the great flood at Szeged in 1879 he was the responsible for the reconstruction of the town. Szeged regards him as a hero since then because Lajos Tisza conducted the performance of the complicated task of the town's reconstruction with distinguished cooperation and a good organizational skill.
Geszt
Kálmán Tisza, the Prime Minister of Hungary between 1875 and 1890, was born here.
Thomas II, Archbishop of Esztergom
In the summer of 1304, the Bohemian army invaded Upper Hungary and encamped at Párkány (present-day Štúrovo in Slovakia). There Wenceslaus II of Bohemia called upon Archbishop Michael Bő to crown his namesake son as king, but he refused the threat. Following that the Bohemian troops stormed Esztergom and looted its treasury, in addition to the destruction of diplomas and holy relics. Michael fled his archbishopric seat for Pressburg (today Bratislava, Slovakia), where he died soon around September. The negotiations with the local lords convinced Wenceslaus II that his son's position in Hungary had dramatically weakened. Accordingly, he decided to take his son back to Bohemia, who did not renounce Hungary and made Ivan Kőszegi governor before leaving for Bohemia in August. He even took the Holy Crown of Hungary with himself to Prague. Thereafter Esztergom was held by the Kőszegi troops. Residing in Székesfehérvár, the cathedral chapter of Esztergom elected Thomas as their new archbishop-in-exile sometimes before 17 February 1305. He excommunicated the Kőszegi brothers – Ivan and Henry – for their crimes against the burghers of Esztergom in July 1305. Wenceslaus who had succeeded his father in Bohemia renounced his claim to Hungary in favor of Otto III, Duke of Bavaria on 9 October 1305. Thomas unsuccessfully attempt to prevent his coronation with the Holy Crown in Székesfehérvár on 6 December 1305, which was performed by two bishops, although customary law authorized the Archbishop of Esztergom to perform the ceremony. Thereafter Thomas proclaimed the excommunication of Otto's followers, while Pope Clement V declared the invalidity of the coronation.
István Szabó de Nagyatád
As his secretary, Lajos Eskütt who had a major role in the corruption cases, placed an inculpatory statement upon him, he resigned from the ministerial position. Szabó returned to his birthplace. The looking for his truth and fearing for his political career Eskütt rejected the offered secret agreements and emigration opportunity and he required rehabilitation and a mandate instead of these things. Because of this Szabó and Bethlen prosecuted him (libel trial). Szabó would be one of the crown witness' but before the trial he died between suspicious circumstances. Miklós Horthy and István Bethlen also participated in his funeral.
The Countess (film)
It is only when Erzsébet starts to kidnap aristocratic girls that the authorities begin an investigation. Count Thurzó is asked to investigate the incidents and he thus sends István, now a count himself, to visit Erzsébet. István reluctantly goes to visit her, and they spend a passionate night together. István, despite his affections for the countess, still suspects the countess and when he and one of his companions discover evidence of her crime, they arrest her. During the trial, Erzsébet is found guilty and, due to her noble origin, she is sentenced to spend the rest of her life walled into her room in Čachtice Castle in total isolation. Erzsébet's staff are also found guilty, but unlike her they are put to death. All of her estate is awarded to the Count Thurzó with the exception of Čachtice, which is given to her children.
Countess Irma Sztáray de Sztára et Nagymihály
Countess Irma Sztáray de Sztára et Nagymihály (10 July 1863 – 3 September 1940) was the last lady-in-waiting of Empress Elisabeth of Austria. The countess was the sole companion traveling with the empress when she was assassinated.
Sándor Festetics
Count Sándor Ágost Dénes Festetics de Tolna (31 May 1882 – 12 September 1956) was a Hungarian nobleman and cabinet minister who later became an advocate of Nazism in Hungary.
Erzsébet Thurzó
Countess Erzsébet Thurzó de Bethlenfalva (20 February 1621 – 4 July 1642) was a Hungarian noblewoman, daughter of Count Imre Thurzó and Baroness Krisztina Nyáry.
István Tisza
István Tisza postage stamp was issued by Hungary on 1 July 1932 in the Famous Hungarians series.
Taksony of Hungary
Taksony (; before or around 931 – early 970s) was the Grand Prince of the Hungarians after their catastrophic defeat in the 955 Battle of Lechfeld. In his youth he had participated in plundering raids in Western Europe, but during his reign the Hungarians only targeted the Byzantine Empire. The "Gesta Hungarorum" recounts that significant Muslim and Pecheneg groups settled in Hungary under Taksony.
Theodore Csanád
Theodore of the Csanád clan (; died 1234) was an influential nobleman in the Kingdom of Hungary at the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries. He was Palatine of Hungary in 1222. He was also "ispán" of at least five counties in the first decades of the 13th century.
Ladislaus the Posthumous
Ladislaus' rival, Vladislaus, died fighting against the Ottomans in the Battle of Varna on 10 November 1444. At the Diet of next year, the Hungarian Estates agreed that they would acknowledge the child Ladislaus as king if Vladislaus, whose fate was still uncertain, did not come back to Hungary before 1 June 1445. However, they stipulated that they would elect a new king if the child king's guardian, Frederick III, did not release both the king and the Holy Crown of Hungary. The Estates also elected seven "Captains in Chief"John Hunyadi, Nicholas Újlaki, George Rozgonyi, Emeric Bebek, Michael Ország, Pancrace Szentmiklósi, and Jan Jiskrato administer the kingdom. Frederick III stormed into Hungary, and captured a dozen fortresses along the western frontiers of Hungary, including Kőszeg, by the end of July. The Counts of Celje, who were related to Ladislaus through his mother, invaded Slavonia and took control of the province before the end of the year. As Frederick III refused to release Ladislaus, the Diet of Hungary elected John Hunyadi regent for the period of Ladislaus' minority on 6 June 1446. John Hunyadi, who adopted the title governor, ruled most part of Hungary, but could not expand his authority over the regions under the rule of Frederick III, Jan Jiskra and the Counts of Celje. The envoys of the Hungarian Estates and Frederick III signed a truce on 1 June 1446, which confirmed Frederick III's guardianship over Ladislaus.
Andrássy
Count Gyula Andrássy is the son of the late Count Mihály Andrássy (1893–1990) and his late wife, "née" Countess Gabrielle Károlyi de Nagy-Károly (1899–1992). The paternal uncle of Count Gyula Andrássy was the late Count Imre Andrássy (1891-1985), who married firstly Edit Payer (without issue) and secondly in 1919 at Stockholm, Sweden, Stella Kuylenstierna (of Swedish nobility; 1902-1998). By his second wife, Count Imre Andrássy had one son, Imre Jr (1930-1984) married to Lois Mitchell from 1959 until her death in 1977, and two daughters, Maria "Vivi" (1921-?), who married in 1941 Count Pál Cziraky (1919-?), and Erzsébet "Bonzo" (1924-?), who married Aladár Olgyay (1910-?).
Charles I of Hungary
Charles transferred his residence from Buda to Temesvár in early 1315. Ladislaus Kán died in 1315, but his sons did not yield to Charles. Charles launched a campaign against the Kőszegis in Transdanubia and Slavonia in the first half of 1316. Local noblemen joined the royal troops, which contributed to the quick collapse of the Kőszegis' rule in southern parts of their domains. Meanwhile, James Borsa made an alliance against Charles with Ladislaus Kán's sons and other lords, including Mojs Ákos and Peter, son of Petenye. They offered the crown to Andrew of Galicia. Charles's troops, which were under the command of a former supporter of the Borsas, Dózsa Debreceni, defeated the rebels' united troops at Debrecen at the end of June. In the next two months, many fortresses of Borsa and his allies fell to the royal troops in Bihar, Szolnok, Borsod and Kolozs counties. No primary source has made reference to Charles's bravery or heroic acts, suggesting that he rarely fought in person in the battles and sieges. However, he had excellent strategic skills: it was always Charles who appointed the fortresses to be besieged.
László Tisza
László Tisza (July 7, 1907 – April 15, 2009) was Professor of Physics Emeritus at MIT. He was a colleague of famed physicists Edward Teller, Lev Landau and Fritz London, and initiated the two-fluid theory of liquid helium.
István Csurka
István Csurka (27 March 1934 – 4 February 2012) was a Hungarian radical nationalist politician, journalist and writer. He was the founder and inaugural leader of the Hungarian Justice and Life Party (MIÉP) from 1993 until his death. He was also a Member of Parliament from 1990 to 1994 and from 1998 to 2002.
Palatine of Hungary
Prominent palatines have been: in the early 17th century, István Illésházy of Trencsén, then up to 1616, György Thurzó and János Zakmárdi. Thurzó is the palatine who arrested Elizabeth Báthory, the countess accused for killing numerous girls and young women. The position was occupied in the remaining 17th century by members of the families Esterházy, Pálffy, Francis Wesselényi, Rhedey and others. The last palatines at the end of the 18th and the first half of the 19th century were the Habsburgs Archdukes Alexander Leopold, Joseph and his son Stephen, who resigned in 1848. Following Stephen's death in 1867 without issue, his half-brother Archduke Joseph August of Austria inherited the title, though the post by that time was symbolic only.
István Blazsetin (1941)
István Blazsetin (in Croatian: "Stipan Blažetin") (Hercegszántó, Hungary, October 24, 1941 – Pécs, Hungary, March 4, 2001) was a Croatian writer, cultural worker and pedagogue from Hungary. According to some authors, he is considered to be a Croatian writer from Vojvodina, Serbia. He wrote poetry, novels and children's literature. Blažetin was an important collector of oral literature heritage of the Pomurje Croats.
Elizabeth of Hungary
Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, T.O.S.F. (, ; 7 July 1207 – 17 November 1231), also known as Saint Elizabeth of Thuringia or Saint Elisabeth of Thuringia, was a princess of the Kingdom of Hungary, Landgravine of Thuringia, Germany, and a greatly venerated Catholic saint who was an early member of the Third Order of St. Francis, by which she is honored as its patroness.
James Győr
After the death of Conrad between 1299 and 1302, James became patron of the family. During the era of interregnum (1301–1310), he had various conflicts and lawsuits with his neighbors, the Pécsvárad Abbey and his brother-in-law Miske Rátót. Sometimes after 1300, the Muslim-born noble Eyza (or Ejze) persuaded James to contribute the forced betrothal of his daughter Csala and Eyza's nephew James (son of the late Palatine Mizse). During that time Csala was less than 7 years old. When she reached adulthood in 1319, she broke off the engagement. In 1300s, James gradually lost his estates in Baranya County. Around 1313, John Kőszegi seized Kéménd Castle. James died not long after, in late 1314 or early 1315. His children were still minors during his time of death.
Mojs II Ákos
While Pál Engel distinguished three campaigns against Mojs, took place in 1317, 1318 and 1320, Gyula Kristó considered the above mentioned battles as parts of a single royal campaign in 1318 led by Dózsa Debreceni. He argued, both John Fonói and Stephen Losonci served as lieutenants of Debreceni during that war, while commanded their armies. Attila Zsoldos rejected Kristó's theory as Ellős was mentioned as a living person in March 1319, when Thomas Losonci (brother of Stephen) forbade him to hand over his estate of Bonyha (today Bahnea, Romania) to his relative Nicholas Ákos, castellan of Kecskés. Instead, Zsoldos argued that Mojs had no castles which must be protected, and he could move his army more flexibly and faster across the province, even after his heavy defeat at Topa, and Bonchida only proved to be decisive, because Mojs was killed in the battlefield. Historian Attila Bárány represented another extreme point of view, as he considered that Dózsa Debreceni resided in Transylvania to make a decisive victory over Mojs throughout in 1319, as he had no judgments and stayed away from his seat Debrecen from December 1318 to March 1320, when a permanent campaign happened against the rebellious Mojs. However Attila Zsoldos emphasized the Transylvanian Chapter functioned continuously throughout the year, in addition to courts and places of authentication, which proves there was peace in the province in 1319. He argued, Mojs lost his influence and sense of initiative after Battle of Topa, and after months of chase, Losonci's small unit put an end to his insurgency at Bonchida.
History of the Soviet Union (1953–64)
After Hungarian leader Imre Nagy briefly took refuge in the Yugoslavian embassy in Budapest during the events of October 1956, Tito stayed aloof from the Soviet suppression of the Hungarian revolt and Soviet-Yugoslav relations waned from that point onward. Tito declined to attend the celebrations of the 40th anniversary of the Bolshevik Revolution in November 1957 and continued to actively promote his nonaligned stance at the Yugoslavian Communist Party's congress the following March. Khrushchev refused to send any delegates to the congress and authorized a lengthy denunciation of it in "Pravda". Accusing Tito of being a traitor similar to Imre Nagy, Khrushchev ordered the execution of the Hungarian leader, who had been incarcerated for the last several months.
Bolesław of Toszek
Bolesław of Toszek (, ; 1276/78 – December 1328), was a Duke of Toszek since 1303 until his death (from 1315 only formally) and Archbishop of Esztergom from 1321.
Bogomer Ludány
Bogomer next appared in sources one and a half decades later, even after Béla's accession to the Hungarian throne in 1235 and the Mongol invasion of Hungary in 1241. After the Mongols' unexpected withdrawal in March 1242, Bogomer was appointed "ispán" of Nyitra and Trencsén Counties. In that capacity, Bogomer was responsible for restore law and order in the region, while managed to resettle the dispersed and fleeing population. Soon he was replaced as head of Nyitra County by Roland Rátót around November 1242, but he was able to retain his dignity in Trencsén County at least until April 1243. During his tenure, Frederick II, Duke of Austria invaded the country. Bogomer played an important role in the suppression of Austrian units, shortly thereafter he led a royal army send to help Bolesław V the Chaste (son-in-law of Béla IV, the Hungarian king) attacked by Konrad I of Masovia. For his loyalty and military successes, Bogomer was granted the lands of Kiszuca (Jeszeszin), Pruska and Mortund (in Trencsén and Hont Counties) by Béla in May 1244. He was transferred to the position of "ispán" of Zala County by December 1245. Bogomer died by 24 October 1254, when Jeszeszin, his previously owned land was donated to members of the Zólyom kinship.
László Hunyady de Kéthely
Count László Hunyady de Kéthely (? – 4 July 1723, Cserenye) was a Hungarian nobleman and designate "personalis" from the prominent Hunyady family. His parents were Count Ferenc Hunyady de Kéthely (d. around 1690) and Erzsébet Varsányi de Varsány et Simony. He had one brother and five sisters. He married twice: his first wife was Baroness Mária Perényi de Perény and his second wife was Anna Sándor de Szlavnicza. He had a son.
Ladislaus Szécsényi
Ladislaus Szécsényi died in 1460 as the last male member of the once powerful Szécsényi family, which flourished since the 1310s, founded by his great-great-grandfather, the influential baron Thomas Szécsényi. He was buried on 3 April 1460 in Szécsény. His funeral was attended by his extensive kinship, including Palatine Michael Ország, Judge royal Ladislaus Pálóci and Albert Losonci, Szécsényi's son-in-law and successor as "ispán" of Nógrád County. The wealth of the Szécsényi fortune was shared between the Ország and Losonci families in the following years.
Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este (1817–1886)
Maria Theresa was instrumental in building a crypt for the French Royal Family at the Church of the Annunciation of Our Lady on Castagnevizza in Görz (now in Nova Gorica, Slovenia). It was her wish that the last of the Bourbons be gathered in one place together within the monastery at Castagnevizza. Three years after the death of her husband Henri, Maria Theresa died on 25 March 1886 in Görz, then Austria and was interred with her husband in the crypt of the church of Franciscan Monastery of Castagnevizza in Görz, then Austria, now Kostanjevica in the Slovenian town of Nova Gorica.
Katinka Kendeffy
Countess Katinka Kendeffy de Malomvíz Andrássy (1830 – 16 May 1896) was a Hungarian noblewoman and the wife of Gyula Andrássy, who served as Prime Minister of Hungary (1867–1871) and Minister of Foreign Affairs of Austria-Hungary (1871–1879). After the coronation of King Franz Joseph I, she became Hungarian marshalless and an intimate friend of Queen Consort Elisabeth ("Sissy"). She died in 1896, two years after her husband.
Kendeffy was born in Kolozsvár, Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania) to Count Ádám Kendeffy de Malomvíz and Countess Borbála "Bora" Bethlen.
Gábor Esterházy (1673–1704)
He studied in Vienna and became imperial knight in 1690. He also functioned as a royal chamberlain and councillor. Count Esterházy served as "ispán" of Fejér County between 1688 and 16 September 1691. After that he was appointed "ispán" of Somogy and Zala Counties. He resigned from his preceding position on 29 March 1713. He became imperial general in 1701 and functioned as the commander of the Hungarian cavalry regiment. He died of smallpox in 1704.
Csanád Telegdi
Charles I died in Visegrád on 16 July 1342. His corpse was first delivered to Buda where a Mass was said by Telegdi for his soul. In his speech, which portions were preserved by the "Buda Chronicle", the "Dubnic Chronicle" and Johannes de Thurocz's "Chronica Hungarorum", the archbishop used same trope and terminology, as twenty-seven years ago. He described Charles' death with Biblical parallels, referring to the "original sin" and hence "the general and unchangeable law of death". Its structure is largely the same as that of the "Funeral Sermon and Prayer". Arriving to Székesfehérvár, Telegdi crowned Louis I king with the Holy Crown of Hungary on 21 July. He delivered a praising speech there too, but it has not been preserved in contemporary sources or later chronicles. When the young Louis launched his Neapolitan campaign against his brother's murderer Joanna, Telegdi acted as royal governor (viceroy) in the Kingdom of Hungary between 1347 and 1348. Csanád Telegdi died between around September and December 1349. He was succeeded by his nephew Nicholas Vásári.
Ladislaus the Posthumous
Queen Elizabeth hired a Czech condottiere, John Jiskra of Brandýs, who took control of Kassa (now Košice in Slovakia) and a dozen other towns in Upper Hungary during the next months. However, Vladislaus' two military commanders, Nicholas Újlaki and John Hunyadi, defeated the united army of the child Ladislaus's supporters from the central and southern parts of Hungary in the Battle of Bátaszék in early 1441. During the next months, Vladislaus and his commanders took control of the western and eastern territories of Hungary, but Jiskra and Queen Elizabeth's other supporters continued to control Upper Hungary, along with Esztergom, Győr, Pressburg (now Bratislava in Slovakia) and other important towns. Negotiations began and Queen Elizabeth and Vladislaus signed a peace treaty in Győr on 13 December 1442. The queen recognized Vladislaus as king, but preserved her son's claim to the throne. Three or four days later the queen suddenly died and Ladislaus became an orphan before his third birthday.
Bolesław of Toszek
Around 1315 Bolesław, at the request of his sister, Queen Maria of Hungary, moved to the court of his brother-in-law King Charles I Robert in Buda; however, his career in the Hungarian hierarchy only began thanks to the efforts of Queen Elizabeth, Charles I's third and last wife (Queen Maria died in 1317). At the end of 1320, Bolesław went to the Kraków court, and at the beginning of the next year (1321) the King Charles I gave him the most important and powerful position of the Hungarian church: the Archbishopric of Esztergom. His predecessor Thomas died in the first half of 1321. Subsequently, the cathedral chapter of Esztergom convened and elected Bolesław sometime 14 April, he was also styled as perpetual count of Esztergom County thereafter. Bolesław has not yet visited Avignon for papal confirmation, because Charles' eldest namesake son was born in that year and the archbishop-elect baptized him. Finally, Pope John XXII confirmed his election on 2 October 1321. Bolesław visited the papal court two months after his confirmation, in December, where he was consecrated as bishop by Bérenger Fredoli. In the name of the pope, cardinal Napoleone Orsini Frangipani sent his "pallium" on 5 December 1321.
Julian Cesarini
After the council was dissolved, Cesarini was sent as papal legate to Hungary (1442) by Pope Eugenius IV to solve a political crisis that arose after the death of King Albert of Hungary (from the House of Habsburg) in 1439. The widow, Queen Elisabeth of Luxembourg, was left alone with her newborn son, who was crowned as Ladislaus V of Hungary. However, the Turkish wars represented a serious danger to the Kingdom, and the noblemen summoned the young King Władysław of Poland and crowned him as Hungarian King, making him promise that he would defend the state against the Ottomans. On December 13, 1442, Cesarini made the two parts reach an agreement in the city of Győr, where the rights of the baby Ladislas were recognized in the presence of the new King, without endangering the power of the other. After this, Cesarini became the confidant of King Władysław, and in 1443 went to Vienna as his ambassador to the court of Frederick III. Soon he became one of the principal planners of a new crusade against the Ottomans, who had begun to invade Europe. In June 1444, the Hungarian King signed a peace treaty (Peace of Szeged) with the Turkish sultan Murad II that would last for 10 years, but seeing this as a mistake and considering the moment and the circumstances appropriate for a new war, Cesarini insisted that the Hungarian King Władysław should break the treaty. This occurred in September of the same year, when they all marched to the Balkans in a new campaign. It was an unfortunate step and resulted in the disastrous defeat of the Papal army at Varna, November 10, 1444, when Cardinal Giuliano Cesarini was slain in the fight. In a letter to the Duke of Milan, his friend Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini tells of reports that, having escaped the fray, though wounded and bleeding, Cesarini was set upon by a band of Hungarians who, in the confusion of defeat, robbed and killed him. "Wounded in the battle, and fainting in his flight through loss of blood, he was slain near a marsh by the impious hands of the Hungarians, not at the instigation of the nobility, but through the rage of the populace; and thus breathed forth that glorious spirit which once with its sweet discourse swayed at will the assembled fathers at Basle"
Dimitrije Ovčarević
Dimitrije Ovčarević (; 1552–66) was a Habsburg Serb nobleman. Dimitrije Ovčarević belonged to the Ovčarević family, a notable Serb family in Habsburg service in the 16th century, and was a relative of the earlier Petar Ovčarević (fl. 1521–41), a Šajkaši commander and spy, and contemporaries Mihailo Ovčarević (fl. 1550–79), a Šajkaši commander, and Jovan Ovčarević (fl. 1557), an emissary. In 1552 he is mentioned as a leader of the Serbs in Banat, and in 1553 as the captain of Gyula. He was very loyal to King Ferdinand I and enjoyed his support. In 1556 it was planned that he travel to Vienna to meet Ferdinand for some business, however, the king asked him to postpone due to Ottoman movement. The same year he was given to govern a part of the Csanád chapter until its populating, in order to maintain troops. The king often used Church property, due to financial shortage, to pay the voivodes' expenses and troop maintenance. Dimitrije also held the estates of Kerekegyháza and Nagyfalu in the Temes County; Turegyház, Bócsar, Bikács and Szanád in the Torontál County; Mezőtakancs and Délegyháza in the Csanád County; Csokás, parts of Szentpéter, Fenlak, Variaș, Torny, Bata in the Arad County; and Marian and Kétegyháza in the Zărand County. The royal treasurer paid the maintenance of 85 cavalry, several dozen being under Dimitrije's command. In war-time this number increased significantly. Other captains mentioned in the muster were Vladislav Kerecseny, Pavle Beke, Franja Horvat and others alongside Dimitrije. When the Ottoman army set out on campaign in 1566, a part of the army attacked Transylvania and surrounded Gyula. Dimitrije fell while bravely defending the city. Many castellans and captains died during the Ottoman campaign of 1566. Shortly after his death, the city surrendered to the Ottomans. He was survived by his sister Margarita, who was married to Nikola Crepović, a respected Serb leader in Banat.
Enrique Reig y Casanova
Enrique Reig y Casanova (20 January 1858 - 25 August 1927) was a Cardinal of the Catholic Church and an Archbishop of Toledo and Primate of Spain.
Antonio Zapata y Cisneros
After his return to Spain, in 1625 he was entrusted with the administration of the Archdiocese of Toledo during the minority of the titular archbishop, Cardinal-Prince Ferdinand of Austria. In a bull issued in January 1627 by Pope Urban VIII he received the post of inquisitor general of the kingdom. Five years later, now an octogenarian, his advanced age led him to resign from all his posts and retire to Barajas. Afflicted with an illness which hindered his speech, he was taken to Madrid, where he died in April 1635. His remains were buried in the Discalced Carmelite monastery of Our Lady of the Conception, founded by his father in Barajas.
Tisza
After several small-scale attempts, István Széchenyi organised the "regulation of the Tisza" () which started on August 27, 1846, and substantially ended in 1880. The new length of the river in Hungary was , total, with of dead channels and of new riverbed. The resultant length of the flood-protected river comprises out of of all Hungarian protected rivers.
József Mindszenty
József Cardinal Mindszenty [jo:ʒɛf mindsɛnti] (29 March 18926 May 1975) was the Prince Primate, Archbishop of Esztergom, cardinal, and leader of the Catholic Church in Hungary from 2 October 1945 to 18 December 1973. According to Encyclopædia Britannica, for five decades "he personified uncompromising opposition to fascism and communism in Hungary". During World War II, he was imprisoned by the pro-Nazi Arrow Cross Party. After the war, he opposed communism and the communist persecution in his country. As a result, he was tortured and given a life sentence in a 1949 show trial that generated worldwide condemnation, including a United Nations resolution. After eight years in prison, he was freed in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and granted political asylum by the United States embassy in Budapest, where Mindszenty lived for the next fifteen years. He was finally allowed to leave the country in 1971. He died in exile in 1975 in Vienna, Austria.
Vladislaus II of Opole
Vladislaus II of Opole (, , , ) (ca. 1332 – 18 May 1401) was a Duke of Opole from 1356 (as a Bohemian vassal), Count palatine of Hungary during 1367–1372, ruler over Lubliniec since 1368, Duke of Wieluń during 1370–1392, ruler over Bolesławiec from 1370 (only for his life), Governor of Galicia–Volhynia during 1372–1378, ruler over Pszczyna during 1375–1396, Count palatine of Poland in 1378, Duke of Dobrzyń and Kujawy during 1378–1392 (as a Polish vassal), ruler over Głogówek from 1383 and ruler over Krnov during 1385–1392.
Tasziló Festetics
Prince Tasziló Festetics de Tolna (5 May 1850 – 4 May 1933) was a member of the Hungarian noble family of Festetics. He was born in Vienna, the son of Count György Festetics de Tolna, who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Hungary from 1867 to 1871, and Countess Eugénia Erdõdy de Monyorókerék et Monoszló.
Csanád Telegdi
Csanád Telegdi (; died 1349) was a Hungarian prelate in the first half of the 14th century. He served as Bishop of Eger from 1322 to 1330, then Archbishop of Esztergom from 1330 until his death. Descending from an old Hungarian kindred, he was a confidant of the ruling Capetian House of Anjou. He crowned Louis I of Hungary in July 1342. The complete renovation of the Esztergom Cathedral took place during his archiepiscopate.
Kata Tisza
Katalin Erzsébet Tisza, commonly known as Kata Tisza (born 30 August 1980, Târgu Mureș) is a Hungarian writer. She is descendant of the old noble family Tisza, and a great-great grandchild of former prime minister Kálmán Tisza.
Gyula Andrássy the Younger
Count Gyula Andrássy de Csíkszentkirály et Krasznahorka the Younger (; 30 June 1860 – 11 June 1929) was a Hungarian politician.
Ispán
Large territories of the Kingdom of Hungary were put under the authority of powerful landlords by the time when King Andrew III, the last member of the Árpád dynasty died on January 14, 1301. For instance, Matthew Csák ruled over 14 counties in the wider region of the river Váh (, now Slovakia), Ladislaus Kán administered Transylvania, and members of the Kőszegi family ruled in Transdanubia. Royal power was only restored by King Charles I in a series of wars against the "oligarchs" lasting up to the 1320s.
László Deák
László Deák (1 July 1891 – 5 November 1946) was a Hungarian army officer who served in World War I and World War II. He was accused and convicted of war crimes due to his involvement in the massacre of Serbian and Jewish civilians during the Axis armies' invasion of Yugoslavia. He was sentenced to death by hanging and was executed in 1946.
István Széchenyi
Count István Széchenyi de Sárvár-Felsővidék (; 21 September 1791 – 8 April 1860) was a Hungarian politician, political theorist, and writer. Widely considered one of the greatest statesmen in his nation's history, within Hungary he is still known to many as "the Greatest Hungarian".
István Tisza
István Tisza was the son of Kálmán Tisza de Borosjenő, prime minister of Hungary between 1875–1890 from the Liberal Party. The Tiszas were originally a Calvinist untitled lower nobility (regarded as equivalent to the British gentry). His mother, Ilona Degenfeld-Schomburg, was a Hungarian-German aristocrat from Baden-Württemberg (born: Helene Johanna Josepha Mathilde Gräfin von Degenfeld-Schonburg).
Roland I Rátót
Following the Battle of Föveny in September 1274, where Henry Kőszegi was killed, Roland defected to the supporters of the Csák kindred, and could manage to become Palatine for a fourth term. He held that dignity until June 1275, when the Kőszegis, despite of the late Henry Kőszegi's betrayal, was able to retain its influence and the royal court expressed confidence towards them, when Nicholas Kőszegi was elected Palatine, replacing Roland Rátót. Following this Roland served as "ispán" of Vas County in the summer of 1275. He also functioned as Master of the treasury for Elizabeth of Sicily, Queen of Hungary between 1275 and 1276. Beside that he was also the head of Szana County in Slavonia. In 1277, he served as Judge royal after exactly thirty years of his first term. Roland Rátót died in that year or early 1278. He was mentioned as a deceased person in March 1278.
Constance, Duchess of Wodzisław
During the reign of Constance, in Wodzisław occurred two significant events. The first of them was the invasion of Casimir III the Great in Silesia from June 1345 during the Polish-Czech War. Polish troops gained the towns of Pszczyna, Rybnik and Żory, all adjacent to Wodzisław. Only the presence of the Bohemian King John of Luxembourg in Fryštát could stop the imminent attack to Constance's duchy. The second event was the epidemic of plague (commonly known as Black Death), by which perhaps the Duchess Constance had died.
Antal Nagy de Buda
Antal Nagy de Buda or Antal Budai Nagy (died near Kolozsvár, Kingdom of Hungary (today: "Cluj-Napoca, Romania"), December 10–14, 1437) was a petty nobleman from Kolozs County, Transylvania, who led the first major peasant revolt in medieval Hungary in 1437. He died in the decisive battlefield when the rebels lost.
Kunság
Szapáry's project was resubmitted with sweeping amendments by his successor Kálmán Tisza. On June 19, 1876, following a vote in the National Assembly, Jászkunság was permanently abolished and divided between Jász-Nagykun and Pest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun counties. The former was created on September 4, 1876, when Miklós Kiss took over as "Ispán". The same day, a meeting of representatives from all areas conceded that the county seat be located at Szolnok, which was more developed. The county was renamed "Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok" by national legislation, inheriting the archives of both Kunság and Jazygia. The immediate toll of such integration was a relative loss in industrial importance for Jászberény and Kunszentmárton, which were overtaken by Szolnok and a cluster of towns in Tiszazug.
Conrad Győr
Conrad is first mentioned by contemporary records in 1239, when he was already an adult. Historian Norbert C. Tóth argued a hypothetical Baranya branch of the kindred became extinct by the First Mongol invasion of Hungary (1241–42), thus Conrad inherited their lands in Baranya County as the closest relative within the Győr clan. Initially, he belonged to the courtiers of King Béla IV; he appeared as Master of the stewards in the court of queen consort Maria Laskarina in 1253. Former historiographical works considered that his contemporary Conrad Szák held that dignity, but historian Attila Zsoldos revealed that the office-holder named Conrad owned Alásony – as Conrad Győr dit it. By 1258 (or already 1256), he was appointed as "ispán" of Borsod County, an unusual position for a landowner from Transdanubia.
Clan Ostoja
Following the death of Albert II of Germany in 1439 when defending Hungary against Turks, Mikolaj Szarlejski recognized opportunity to regain the land of his family and the Clan in Slovakia. Szarlejski tried to convince Hungarian Royal Council that family properties have been taken in violation of the law. However, Hungarian Lords and Royal Council in Hungary had no intention to give back all of the north defence to their enemy. Then in 1439 Szarlejski decided to raise army against Hungary. With help of the Hussite side, he succeeded to siege several strongholds in the Vah area. Supported by Jan de Jani of Ostoja, the Voivode of Pomerania and Gdańsk and several other powerful Lords from the Clan of Ostoja and with support of many friends, the war against Hungarian Empire and Germany was in the beginning successful. Unfortunately, Szarlejski although being in charge of Polish forces in Prussia, did not have any significant commanding talent and ironically, both Stibor of Stiboricz and his son Stibor Stiboric of Beckov made great improvements in the fortification of their Castles which made siege of many of them almost impossible. Beckov Castle would later hold siege from Turkish side about 100 years later. As result of that and because the enemy was to strong, military action failed.
Aurél Dessewffy (1846–1928)
Count Aurél Dessewffy de Csernek et Tarkeő (16 January 1846 – 28 March 1928) was a Hungarian politician, who served as Speaker of the House of Magnates between 1906 and 1910. He also functioned as board member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA). He was the last judge royal of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1917 to 1918.
Saint Casimir
Prince Casimir's uncle Ladislaus the Posthumous, King of Hungary and Bohemia, died in 1457 at the age of 17, without leaving an heir. Casimir's father, King Casimir IV, subsequently advanced his claims to Hungary and Bohemia, but could not enforce them due to the Thirteen Years' War (1454–66). Instead, Hungarian nobles elected Matthias Corvinus and Bohemian nobles selected George of Poděbrady as their kings. George of Poděbrady died in March 1471. In May 1471, Vladislaus, eldest son of Casimir IV, was elected to the throne of Bohemia. However, a group of Catholic Bohemian nobles supported Matthias Corvinus instead of Vladislaus II. In turn, a group of Hungarian nobles conspired against Matthias Corvinus and invited the Polish king to overthrow him. King Casimir IV decided to install his son, future Saint Casimir, in Hungary.
Tata, Hungary
In 1526 when the disastrous battle with the Turks happened and Louis II died in the battlefield, Count György Cseszneky was the castellan of the Castle Tata. The plundering Ottoman army ransacked the area, but Cseszneky successfully defended the castle.
Mikó Szécs
In 1292, he was present before the chapter of Pécs as a witness during a long-term lawsuit against the citizens of Esztergom, who looted the goods of the Archdiocese of Esztergom and attacked the houses of the local provost and the two canons still after the death of Béla IV in 1270. Mikó remained in the town even after Lodomer's death in January 1298 and Elizabeth's departure to Naples in late 1299. Mikó made his last testament and will on 16 December 1305. As brothers Ivan and Henry II Kőszegi besieged and captured Esztergom Castle in that year, Krisztina Tóth considered Mikó was fatally wounded in the skirmish. She argued his last will was not done in the usual way as prominent members of the local chapter fled from the advancing Kőszegi troops.
Constance of Hungary
Constance is regularly noted as a co-donator with her husband in various documents of his reign. Her petitions to her husband for various donations are also recorded. She is considered to have sold the city Boleráz to her nephew Béla IV of Hungary. In 1247, Béla conferred said city to the nuns of Trnava. An epistle by which Constance supposedly grants freedom to the cities of Břeclav and Olomouc is considered a false document. The same epistle grants lands in Ostrovany to the monastery of St. Stephen of Hradište. Another epistle has Constance settling "honorable Teutonic men" (viros honestos Theutunicos) in the city of Hodonín and is also considered a forgery. In 1230, Ottokar I died and their son Wenceslaus succeeded him. Constance survived her husband by a decade.
István Tisza
His uncle, the childless Lajos Tisza received the title of Count from Emperor Franz Joseph in 1897. However, Lajos Tisza conferred his new title on his nephew Stephen with the consent of the Monarch.
Erzsébet Thurzó
Countess Erzsébet married to Count István Esterházy (1616–1641), son of Palatine Nikolaus, Count Esterházy and Baroness Orsolya Dersffy, on 26 September 1638 in Kismarton (today: "Eisenstadt, Austria)". Palatine Nikolaus (Miklós) was the second husband of Baroness Nyáry, Erzsébet's mother. Countess Erzsébet and Count István had a daughter:
Countess Irma Sztáray de Sztára et Nagymihály
The Hungarian countess Irma was born as the daughter of Count Viktor Stáray de Sztára et Nagymihály (1823–1879) and Countess Mária Török de Szendrõ (1835–1916). She never got married, as she dedicated her whole life to the Empress and the court. The Countess accompanied Elisabeth during her last four years, from 1894 until 1898, on her journeys to Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, Algeria and Greece. Her memoirs "Aus den letzten Jahren der Kaiserin Elisabeth", which she wrote many years after Empress Elisabeth's death, were published in German and are a valuable source which gives detailed insights into Sisi's final years. For her services Irma Sztáray received a medal of honour from Emperor Franz Joseph I right after Elisabeth's assassination.
Bolesław II the Generous
From historical records it appears that Bishop Stanislaus was involved with the barons' opposition movement, plotting to remove the King and to place his brother Władysław Herman on the throne. Bolesław II unilaterally declared Stanislaus guilty of treason – Gallus Anonymus uses the word ""traditor"" meaning traitor. The historical record was first proposed by Master Wincenty Kadłubek, writing nearly 100 years after Gallus Anonymus and a century and a half after the actual affair. Bolesław II on 11 April 1079 assaulted and then personally wielded the sword that murdered Bishop Stanislaus of Kraków during the celebration of a Mass. Though the bishop had privately and then publicly warned the king to repent of adultery and other vices, Bolesław chose a course of action more characteristic of his nickname, "the Bold".
He found refuge at the court of King Ladislaus I of Hungary, a future saint, who also owed his crown to the deposed King. However, according to Gallus Anonymus, Bolesław II's atrocious conduct towards his Hungarian hosts caused his premature death in 1081 or 1082 at the hands of an assassin, probably by poisoning. He was about 40 years old.
Móric Esterházy
Count Móric Esterházy de Galántha et Fraknó (27 April 1881 – 28 June 1960) was a Hungarian aristocrat and politician who served as prime minister for a few months during World War I, after the fall of István Tisza. His attempts at reform were defeated by Tisza's conservative forces, and he quickly resigned, to be replaced by the weak administration of Sándor Wekerle.
Attila József
He died on 3 December 1937, aged 32, at Balatonszárszó, where he was staying at the house of his sister and brother-in-law. Crawling through the railway tracks, he was crushed by a starting train. There is a memorial to him not far from the spot where he died. The most widely accepted view is that he committed suicide, but some experts say that his death was by accident.
István Esterházy (1616–1641)
His father received the title of Count in 1626 by Emperor-King Ferdinand II, therefore his descendants also could make use of title. Count István died in 1641, when his father was still alive. His younger brother Ladislaus became head of the family in 1645.
Ernest, Count of Stolberg-Ilsenburg
Ernest died on 9 November 1710. He was buried in the castle church at Ilsenburg on 21 December 1710. Since he had no male heir, his possessions fell to his nephew Christian Ernest of Stolberg-Wernigerode. In his will, he left 1000 Taler to a charitable trust, which had been created when his wife left 500 Taler in her will. This trust fund was known as the Greizer Bequest; it supported the poort and those in need in the County of Wernigerode until 1931.
Peace of Szeged
The Treaty of Edirne and the Peace of Szeged were two halves of a peace treaty between Sultan Murad II of the Ottoman Empire and King Vladislaus of the Kingdom of Hungary. Despot Đurađ Branković of the Serbian Despotate was a party to the proceedings. The treaty brought an end to the Christian crusade against the Ottomans with significant gains. Within a month Vladislaus abjured his oath at the urging of the papacy and the crusade continued. On November 10, 1444 it ended in disaster at the Battle of Varna where the crusaders were wiped out and Vladislaus killed.
Charles I of Hungary
Matthew Csák laid siege Buda in June 1311, and Ladislaus Kán declined to assist the king. Charles sent an army to invade Matthew Csák's domains in September, but it achieved nothing. In the same year, Ugrin Csák died, enabling Charles to take possession of the deceased lord's domains, which were situated between Požega in Slavonia and Temesvár (present-day Timișoara in Romania). The burghers of Kassa (now Košice in Slovakia) assassinated Amadeus Aba in September 1311. Charles's envoys arbitrated an agreement between Aba's sons and the town, which also prescribed that the Abas withdraw from two counties and allow the noblemen inhabiting their domains to freely join Charles. However, the Abas soon entered into an alliance with Matthew Csák against the king. The united forces of the Abas and Matthew Csák besieged Kassa, but Charles routed them in the Battle of Rozgony (now Rozhanovce in Slovakia) on 15 June 1312. Almost half of the noblemen who had served Amadeus Aba fought on Charles's side in the battle. In July, Charles captured the Abas' many fortresses in Abaúj, Torna and Sáros counties, including Füzér, Regéc, and Munkács (now Mukacheve in Ukraine). Thereafter he waged war against Matthew Csák, capturing Nagyszombat (now Trnava in Slovakia) in 1313 and Visegrád in 1315, but was unable to win a decisive victory.
Garci Lasso Ruiz de la Vega
Garci Lasso Ruiz de la Vega died at the age of 27 in the Battle of Nájera (La Rioja on 2 April 1367. The battle went poorly for the side of Henry II who was forced to flee and did not manage to recapture the throne until after the Battle of Montiel in 1369 where after he personally executed his half brother, Peter of Castile and claimed the throne.
Dezső László
Colonel General Vitéz Dezső László (, 23 July 1894, Lovászpatona, – 8 June 1949, Budapest) was a captain during World War I and general during World War II. He was executed by the People's Republic of Hungary in 1949.
Clan Ostoja
Unfortunately, Stibor de Beckov died suddenly in battle against Hussite forces soon after the agreement between Emperor Sigismund, Albert II of Germany and the Piast dynasty had been made. Just a few weeks later, a peace agreement with the Hussites was signed. It was now up to Katarina to marry Duke Przemyslaw II in accordance with her father's wish. However, this was not to happen as Katarina later married Lord Pál Bánffy of Alsolindva. Soon after, Stibor the Bishop of Eger lost his office and the Wawrzyniec lost all their offices and properties including the Castle of Košecy (which had previously been granted by Stibor of Stiboricz). All this was a result of their support for the Hussites. According to the testament, all lands possessed by the Ostoja clan in Upper Hungary was to be passed to the closest family of Stibor.
Benedict II, Archbishop of Esztergom
Benedict (; died after July 1261) was a Hungarian prelate in the 13th century, who served as Archbishop of Kalocsa from 1241 to 1254, and as Archbishop of Esztergom from 1253 to 1261. As one of the most influential prelates following the Mongol invasion of Hungary, he held the office of royal chancellor for two decades, from 1240 until his death.
Michael Szécsényi
In April 1363, Szécsényi acquired the village of Demjén and its mill from the Eger Chapter, in exchange for the tithe of Göncruszka. In the following years, he had several conflicts with the chapter. For instance, he unlawfully occupied the half of ecclesiastical estates in the eastern side of the Eger valley, for which the chapter protested against him on 3 March 1365. In the next year, King Louis I made it possible for the realm's nobles to designate the Diocese of Eger as heirs in their last wills. In 1367, Szécsényi handed over the Makovica Castle (today Zborov in Slovakia) to baron Peter Cudar for 200 gold ducats per year. In December 1371, Szécsényi held a three-day synod in his diocese, dedicated to its patron saint John the Apostle. Under his bishopric, the construction of the cathedral continued, as a letter from Pope Gregory XI proved it in 1372. In the same year, he acquired the village of Bátor, Heves County from the Báthory family on the occasion of a lawsuit. In 1375, Nicholas, Bishop of Milkovia styled himself as a subordinate to the Diocese of Eger. Szécsényi was last mentioned as a living person on 13 March 1377. He died before 2 October 1377.
Bolesław II the Generous
Meanwhile, in 1063, King Béla I of Hungary died. Bolesław II could not defend the cause of his son Géza I against the German troops of Henry IV, who finally installed Solomon on the Hungarian throne. In 1069 Grand Prince Iziaslav I of Kiev and his wife Gertruda, Bolesław's aunt, were overthrown. A Polish military campaign re-established them in power in Kiev.
István Tisza
He had been a Member of Parliament since 1887 and had had abundant opportunities to see how the unyielding temper of the Emperor on the one hand, and the revolutionary spirit of the extremists on the other, were leading to a complete impasse. He himself supported the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867. A social reactionary to the end, Tisza stubbornly opposed on principle the break-up of the large landed estates as well as even the most modest reform proposals that would have granted the suffrage to soldiers fighting at the front (before 1918 only 10% of the Hungarian population could vote and hold office). However, in economic affairs, he tended to be a modernizer who encouraged and supported industrialization and, in that respect, he was an opponent of anti-Semitism, which he feared could jeopardize Hungary's economic development. Among the Hungarian political leaders, Tisza was the most zealous adherent of Dualism and the partnership with Austria.
Ivan Kőszegi
Ivan Kőszegi, also John Héder (; died 5 April 1308), was an influential lord in the Kingdom of Hungary at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries. He was Palatine in 1281, between 1287 and 1288, and from 1302 until 1307, Ban of Slavonia in 1275, from 1284 until 1285 and in 1290, and Master of the treasury in 1276 and 1291. He initially supported Andrew III of Hungary, but from 1292 he turned against the king and became a partisan of the pretender, Charles Martel, Duke of Salerno.
Gyula Cseszneky
Count Gyula István Cseszneky de Milvány et Csesznek, (Nagymajor, Austria-Hungary, 28 June 1914 – Brazil, after 1970) was a Hungarian aristocrat, poet, cavalry officer, who took part in the Hungarian reannexation of Northern Transylvania, served as aide-de-camp to King Tomislav II of Croatia. He was also involved in anti-Nazi conspiracies and played an important role in the rescue of the European Jews.
Csanád Telegdi
Boleslaus of Esztergom died in December 1328. The collegiate chapter initially elected his protege Nicholas Dörögdi as his successor in the beginning of next year. However the royal couple, King Charles and Queen Elizabeth were dissatisfied with his person for unknown reasons. As a result, Pope John XXII refused to confirm Dörögdi's election despite the fact that the prelate personally visited the papal court at Avignon after some trouble with robber knights during his travel. Charles made it clear that he supported Csanád Telegdi to fill the position. To resolve the diplomatic conflict, Pope John decided to perform personal exchange between the sees of Esztergom and Eger; he transferred Telegdi from the Diocese of Eger to the Archdiocese of Esztergom on 17 September 1330, while Dörögdi was made Bishop of Eger two weeks later, on 1 October. According to the bull of Pope John XXII, dated 5 January 1331, he gave Telegdi's "pallium" to envoys cleric Nicholas of Várad (his nephew) and Benedictine friar Anselm to bring it to Hungary. To express his gratitude, Telegdi donated the village of Demjén, Heves County to the cathedral chapter of Eger on 3 March 1331, for their assistance in his promotion to the metropolitan seat. As Telegdi argued this land donation contributed to strengthen and secure the episcopal castle.
Ladislaus Szécsényi
From 1440 until his death, Ladislaus Szécsényi served as "ispán" of Nógrád and Hont counties. His term was characterized by the Hussites' permanent invasions into Upper Hungary, including the two aforementioned counties, who constantly looted the villages and plundered the region. In the 1440s, John Jiskra's mercenaries captured several castles of Szécsényi, including Tapolcsány. Amid such a situation, he supported Władysław III of Poland's claim to the Hungarian throne during the civil war, which broke out after Albert's death. He was a member of the Estates of the realm, which offered the crown to the Polish king in March 1440. Szécsényi participated in several assemblies of the Diet of Hungary in that year. He was a leading figure of the pro-Władysław league in the Upper Hungary region. The local nobles concluded their first two armistices with Queen Elizabeth's mercenaries Hasko Schellendorf then John Jiskra in his estates Szécsény and Hollókő on 9 October 1441 and 17 September 1442, respectively. In September 1443 at Nowa Wieś Spiska, Szécsényi was among the lords, who signed an armistice with John Jiskra, "de facto" ruler of Upper Hungary and a partisan of the infant Ladislaus the Posthumous. Szécsényi's wealth suffered the constant warfare, thus he pledged his several landholdings as loan security in the following years. Nevertheless, he remained an influential lord in the region: regent John Hunyadi concluded a peace with Jiskra in his estate of Rimaszombat in 1146. Among others, Hunyadi obliged the Czech mercenary to return Tapolcsány Castle to Szécsényi. In 1451, John Hunyadi ordered to fortify his permanent seat Szécsény, which absorbed considerable amounts.
Stephen III of Hungary
Stephen III (, , ; summer of 11474 March 1172) was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1162 and 1172. He was crowned king in early June 1162, shortly after the death of his father, Géza II. However, his two uncles, Ladislaus and Stephen, who had joined the court of the Byzantine Empire, challenged his right to the crown. Only six weeks after his coronation, the Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos launched an expedition against Hungary, forcing the Hungarian lords to accept Ladislaus' rule. Stephen sought refuge in Austria, but returned and seized Pressburg (now Bratislava in Slovakia). Ladislaus, who died on 14 January 1163, was succeeded by Stephen's younger uncle and namesake, Stephen IV, without resistance, but his rule was unpopular. The young Stephen defeated his uncle on 19 June 1163 and expelled him from Hungary.
Battle of Isaszeg (1849)
After the Battle of Kápolna on 26–27 February 1849, the commander of the Austrian imperial forces, Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, thought that he had destroyed the Hungarian revolutionary forces once and for all. In his report of 3 March sent to the imperial court in Olmütz, he wrote: "I smashed the rebel hordes, and in a few days I will be in Debrecen" (the temporary capital of Hungary)". In spite of this he did not attack the Hungarian forces, as he lacked reliable information about the numbers facing him if he crossed the Tisza river, and because of his caution lost the opportunity to win the war.
Sângeorgiu de Pădure
In the mid-1780s as part of the Josephine administrative reform, Marosszék was integrated into Küküllő county, however, the szék-system was restored in 1790. After the suppression of the Hungarian Revolution in 1849, the village formed part of the Kibéd military sub-division of the Marosvásárhely division in the Udvarhely military district. Between 1861–1876, the former Marosszék was restored. As a result of the administrative reform in 1876, the village fell within Nyárádszereda district of Maros-Torda County in the Kingdom of Hungary. After the Treaty of Trianon of 1920, it became part of Romania and fell within Mureș-Turda County during the interwar period. In 1940, the Second Vienna Award granted the Northern Transylvania to Hungary and it was held by Hungary until 1944. Administered by the Soviet authorities after 12 November 1944, the village, together with the rest of Northern Transylvania, came under Romanian administration on 13 March 1945 and became officially part of Romania in 1947.
Between 1952 and 1960, the commune fell within the Magyar Autonomous Region, between 1960 and 1968 the Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region. In 1968, the province was abolished, and since then, the settlement has been part of Mureș County. It became a town in 2004.
The grave of Claudia Rhedey, grandmother of Queen Mary of England, is placed in the crypt of the Reformed church which was renovated in 1936 from donation of Queen Mary of England, great-granddaughter of count Rhedey and grandmother of Queen Elisabeth II of Great Britain.British Royal Family.
Stefan Berislavić
Stefan was less than ten years old when his father died, thus, the Despot title was recognized to him only in 1520. After the defeat of the Hungarians at Mohács (1526), the Hungarian nobility was divided into two sides; one led by King Ferdinand Habsburg, on whose side Berislavić stood, and one led by John Zápolya, the Duke of Transylvania. Stefan died in 1535. After the fall of Hungary, there were two more titular Despots, Radič Božić (1527–28), received by Zápolya, and Pavle Bakić (1537), received by Ferdinand.
Béla of Macsó
After King Stephen V had died on August 6, 1272, and his son, the young Ladislaus IV ascended the throne, King Béla IV’s former partisans (among them Béla’s mother and Henry Kőszegi) returned to Hungary. Thenceforward, several fractions of the leading nobles were competing with each other, and all of them were endeavoring to acquire the control over the government of the kingdom. In November, the members of Henry Kőszegi’s retinue killed Béla (who was the young king’s closest adult male relative at that time) following a sharp dispute.
Gómez González
In early 1110, Gómez was present with Urraca and the king of Aragon at the Monastery of Nuestra Señora de Valvanera, where he confirmed a pair of donation charters drawn up in the Aragonese format. By the middle of the year he was openly supporting Urraca against her husband. Though he is last mentioned in a document of 15 October 1110, he was killed over a year later by Henry of Portugal, who had allied with the king of Aragon, at the Battle of Candespina, where he was leading Urraca's forces, on 26 October 1111. His death was a major blow to the queen's partisans. The short account of the battle in the "Annales complutenses" reads: "the Aragonese king Alfonso and count Henry killed the lord count Gómez in the field of Spina." An even shorter account in the "Annales compostellani" states simply that "they" killed count Gómez.
János Kendi
János Kendi married a noblewoman Erzsébet Bakó, thus after that, he closely connected to the Transylvanian nobility as a consequence of several marriage alliances. For instance, his brother-in-law was captain-general István Bakó, who was executed by Gábor Barcsay, brother of Prince Ákos Barcsay in 1660. The marriage produced several unidentified children, but all of them predeceased their father Kendi, who adopted his late siblings' children towards the end of his life. Around 1664, he married for the second time to Zsófia Móré, widow of Rákóczi's former diplomat and envoy István Tisza de Borosjenő (died in 1663).
Violant of Hungary
Violant reportedly died in 1251, although there is some doubt about the exact year. Jerónimo Zurita, in his "Anales de Aragon", mentions this discrepancy, and writes that while some annals state that Violant died in Santa María de Salas in 1251, others report that she lived for a few years after (the probable sources of the 1253 date), and that she only made her will and testament in Huesca in 1251. Zurita continues that her will stipulated her burial at Vallbona, bequeathed the county of Posana (Pozsony) to her sons Peter, James, and Sancho (Pozsony being in the possession of her half-brother Béla IV of Hungary, but apparently left to her by her mother Queen Yolanda), and mentioned that she had 5 daughters with the king.
Miklós Izsó
Izsó visited Italy in winter of 1868 and became a teacher at the School of Decorative Arts from 1871 onwards. However he died of tuberculosis in 1875 at the age of 44. His last works, the statue of Sándor Petőfi (Budapest) and the Dugonics Memorial (Szeged) were finished by Adolf Huszár.
István Esterházy (1616–1641)
Count István married to Countess Erzsébet Thurzó (1621–1642), granddaughter of Palatine György Thurzó, on 26 September 1638 in Kismarton (today: "Eisenstadt, Austria)". Erzsébet Thurzó's mother was Baroness Krisztina Nyáry de Bedegh, the second wife of Count István's father. They had a daughter: