Giant hutia
The giant hutias are an extinct group of large rodents known from fossil and subfossil material in the West Indies. One species, "Amblyrhiza inundata", is estimated to have weighed between , big specimens being as large as an American black bear. This is twice as large as the capybara, the largest rodent living today, but still much smaller than "Josephoartigasia monesi", the largest rodent known. These animals were probably used as a food source by aboriginal humans. All giant hutias are in a single family, Heptaxodontidae, which contains no living species; this grouping seems to be paraphyletic and artificial, however.
Telicomys
With a length of more than in "T. gigantissimus", it contains two or three of the largest rodents that ever lived, along with "Phoberomys", "Josephoartigasia", and the giant beaver. It is part of the same South American radiation of rodents as both "Phoberomys" and the modern capybara, which is the largest living rodent, reaching lengths of up to . The closest living relative to "Telicomys" is the pacarana.