Anatomy
Andreas Vesalius (1514–1564) (Latinized from Andries van Wezel), professor of anatomy at the University of Padua, is considered the founder of modern human anatomy. Originally from Brabant, Vesalius published the influential book "De humani corporis fabrica" ("the structure of the human body"), a large format book in seven volumes, in 1543. The accurate and intricately detailed illustrations, often in allegorical poses against Italianate landscapes, are thought to have been made by the artist Jan van Calcar, a pupil of Titian.
James Arnott (physician)
James Arnott (1797-1883) was an English physician and pioneer of cryotherapy. Regarded as “the father of modern cryosurgery”, Arnott was the first to utilize extreme cold locally for the destruction of tissue. In 1819, Arnott began his practice of cryotherapy to freeze tumors in the treatment of breast and uterine cancers.