Second Vatican Council
The Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the or , addressed relations between the Catholic Church and the modern world. The council, through the Holy See, was formally opened under the pontificate of Pope John XXIII on 11 October 1962 and was closed under Pope Paul VI on the Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception on 8 December 1965.
Florian Abrahamowicz
On 5 February 2009, the day after the publication of a note by the Holy See's Secretariat of State stating that "an indispensable condition for any future recognition of the Society of Saint Pius X is their full recognition of Vatican Council II and of the Magisterium of Popes John XXIII, Paul VI, John Paul I, John Paul II, and Benedict XVI", Abrahamowicz, speaking on the Canale Italia television network declared: "The Second Vatican Council was worse than a heresy [...] Saint Pius X tells us that modernism is the 'cloaca maxima' of heresies. [...] So I say that the Second Vatican Council is a cloaca maxima".