Political history of Sri Aurobindo
Anushilan Samiti was founded as an attempt to organize Bengali youth through a program of physical fitness and spiritual training for a nationalist program. By 1902, Calcutta had three societies working under the umbrella of Anushilan Samity, a society earlier founded by a Calcutta barrister by the name of Pramatha Mitra. These included Mitra's own group, another led by a Bengali lady by the name of Sarala Devi, and a third one led by Aurobindo Ghosh. The Anushilan Samiti had Aurobindo and Deshabandhu Chittaranjan Das as the vice-presidents, Suren Tagore the treasurer. Jatindra Nath Banerjee (Niralamba Swami), Bagha Jatin, Bhupendra Nath Datta (Swami Vivekananda's brother), Barindra Ghosh were among other initial leaders.
By 1905, the work of Aurobindo and his brother Barin Ghosh allowed Anushilan Samity to spread through Bengal.
Shanti Ashram
"Shanti Ashram" was founded for the first time by Nigamananda on Akshay Tritiya at Kumilla Durgapur in 1314 B.S. The ashram was shifted to Gendaria in Dhaka in 1318 B.S. "Sri Gouranga Anath Niketan" was founded there on the 26th Agrahayana 1318 B.S. The purpose behind it is to serve the distressed, the grieved, the sick and the poor.
There was a disciple of named "Saruram Kalita" purchased a plot of 80 bighas at "Kumarveti Chapri village" of "Kokilamukh", Jorhat in Sibsagar district after taking money from Nigamananda. The Math was instituted on the land. Nigamananda himself founded the "asan" (seat) of Brahama at "Kokilamukh" near Jorhat on the occasion of Akshay Tritiya on 7th Baisakh 1319 B.S. and named it Shanti Ashram.
Seven self-denying swami disciples (Chidananda, Premananda, Swarupananda, Yogananda, Suddhananda, Bodhananda and Saradananda) were initiated in asceticism by Nigamananda. He named this ashram as "Saraswat Math". It has been called "Assam Bangiya Saraswat Math" since 1325 B.S. Being an ascetic relating to the title of "Saraswati" (tradition name) under the Sringeri Math Nigamananda gives the name to his Math as "Saraswata Matha".