Kingdom of Portugal
After the Portuguese Restoration War of 1640–1668, the kingdom passed to the House of Braganza and thereafter to the House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. From this time, the influence of Portugal declined, but it remained a major power due to its most valuable colony, Brazil. After the independence of Brazil, Portugal sought to establish itself in Africa, but was ultimately forced to yield to the British interests, leading to the collapse of the monarchy in the 5 October 1910 revolution and the establishment of the First Portuguese Republic.
Regeneration (Portugal)
In the history of Portugal, the Regeneration (Portuguese - "Regeneração") is the name given to the period of the Portuguese Constitutional Monarchy after the military insurrection of 1 May 1851 that caused the end of Costa Cabral's tenure and of the Septembrist government. Despite the ministry that resulted from the strike, presided over by marshal Saldanha, the main person of the Regeneration was Fontes Pereira de Melo. Although it cannot be delimited definitely in the time, the period of the Regeneration endured for about 17 years, ending with the "Janeirinha" revolt in 1868, which brought the Reformist Party to power. The Regeneration was characterized by attempts to develop the country economically and modernize it, and the associated stringent fiscal measures.