Bathyscaphe Trieste
Trieste is a Swiss-designed, Italian-built deep-diving research bathyscaphe, which with its crew of two reached a record maximum depth of about , in the deepest known part of the Earth's oceans, the Challenger Deep, in the Mariana Trench near Guam in the Pacific. On 23 January 1960, Jacques Piccard (son of the boat's designer Auguste Piccard) and US Navy Lieutenant Don Walsh achieved the goal of Project Nekton.
George Stephen Ritchie
From that time he worked continuously in that branch of the Royal Navy travelling all over the World and commanding four of HM surveying Ships: on a world circling voyage with scientists on board; HMNZS "Lachlan", the New Zealand survey ship; , in the Persian Gulf and in the West Indies and North Atlantic. In 1951 on the survey ship HMS "Challenger", recorded the deepest part of the ocean trench depth Challenger Deep of 5,960 fathoms (10,900 m, 35,761 ft) using echo sounding. He was awarded the Royal Geographical Society's Back Award in 1954.