Polish People's Republic
The Polish People's Republic (, ) was a state in Central Europe that existed from 1947 to 1989, and the predecessor of the modern democratic Republic of Poland. With a population of approximately 37.9 million inhabitants near the end of its existence, it was the most populous state of the Eastern Bloc after the Soviet Union. Having a unitary Marxist–Leninist communist government, it was also one of the main signatories of the Warsaw Pact. The official capital since 1947 and largest city was Warsaw, followed by industrial Łódź and cultural Kraków.
Polish National Organization
Polish National Organization () was a Polish political organisation formed by Józef Piłsudski after the split of Supreme National Committee ("Naczelny Komitet Narodowy") on 5 September 1914. NKN, heavily influenced by the Austrian government, vied with more independent Piłsudski over the control of Polish armed forces. When ordered to limit recruitment to his Legions, Piłsudski disobeyed those orders and created the PON. Temporarily supported in this by the Germans, soon (after German military failure to capture Warsaw) Piłsudski was forced to subjugate PON to NKN.