Eurasian beaver
Eurasian beavers are one of the largest living species of rodents and are the largest rodent native to Eurasia. They weigh around . In Norway, adult males average while females average , while another study found adults from the same country to average . By the average weights known, the Eurasian beaver appears to be the world's second heaviest rodent behind the capybara, but averaging slightly larger and heavier than the North American beaver. While the largest specimen confirmed on record weighed , the Smithsonian has reported that this species can exceptionally exceed . Typically, the head-and-body length is and the tail length is .
Phoberomys insolita
Phoberomys insolita is an extinct species of rodent that was known as the largest rodent on earth, before the discovery of "Josephoartigasia monesi". Fossil specimens from the Late Miocene period have been discovered in the Ituzaingó Formation of Argentina.