Caviidae
Caviidae, the cavy family, is composed of rodents native to South America and includes the domestic guinea pig, wild cavies, and the largest living rodent, the capybara. They are found across South America in open areas from moist savanna to thorn forests or scrub desert. This family of rodents has fewer members than most other rodent families, with 19 species in 6 genera in 3 subfamilies.
Phoberomys insolita
Phoberomys insolita is an extinct species of rodent that was known as the largest rodent on earth, before the discovery of "Josephoartigasia monesi". Fossil specimens from the Late Miocene period have been discovered in the Ituzaingó Formation of Argentina.