Vorinostat
A recent study suggested that vorinostat also possesses some activity against recurrent glioblastoma multiforme, resulting in a median overall survival of 5.7 months (compared to 4–4.4 months in earlier studies). Further brain tumor trials are planned in which vorinostat will be combined with other drugs.
Multiple myeloma
In 2014, the IMWG updated their criteria further to include biomarkers of malignancy. These biomarkers are >60% clonal plasma cells, a serum involved / uninvolved free light chain ratio ≥ 100 (the concentration of the involved free light chain must be ≥ 100 mg/L) and more than one focal lesion ≥ 5 mm by MRI. Together these biomarkers and the CRAB criteria are known as Myeloma Defining Events. A patient must have >10 % clonal plasma cells and any Myeloma Defining Event in order to be diagnosed with myeloma. The biomarker criteria were added so that smouldering multiple myeloma patients at high risk of developing multiple myeloma could be diagnosed before organ damage occurred and so they would therefore have a better prognosis.Related conditions include solitary plasmacytoma (a single tumor of plasma cells, typically treated with irradiation), plasma cell dyscrasia (where only the antibodies produce symptoms, e.g., AL amyloidosis), and peripheral neuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal plasma cell disorder, and skin changes.