Guttural R
Many Jewish immigrants to Israel spoke a variety of Arabic in their countries of origin and pronounced the Hebrew rhotic as an alveolar tap , similar to Arabic '. Gradually, many of them began pronouncing their Hebrew rhotic as a voiced uvular fricative , a sound similar or (depending on the Arabic dialect) identical to Arabic '. However, in modern Sephardic and Mizrahi poetry and folk music an alveolar rhotic continues to be used.
Arabic definite article
The Arabic word "hādhā" is equivalent to the Hebrew word זה "zé". It appears that over time Hebrew shortened the demonstrative pronoun hazé ("eikh korím layéled hazé?" or What's this boy's name?) to simply "zé". That indicates that the Hebrew "ha-" was the accurate retention of the original proto-Semitic source, as opposed to "al-", which cannot conclusively be linked to the ancient cognate demonstrative pronoun "hādhā/hazé".