History of geometry
Classic geometry was focused in compass and straightedge constructions. Geometry was revolutionized by Euclid, who introduced mathematical rigor and the axiomatic method still in use today. His book, "The Elements" is widely considered the most influential textbook of all time, and was known to all educated people in the West until the middle of the 20th century.
Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Tūsī (‎ 18 February 1201 – 26 June 1274), better known as Nasir al-Din Tusi (; or simply Tusi in the West), was a Persian polymath, architect, philosopher, physician, scientist, and theologian.
He is often considered the creator of trigonometry as a mathematical discipline in its own right.
He was a Twelver Shia Muslim. The Muslim scholar Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406) considered Tusi to be the greatest of the later Persian scholars.