Youth in Denmark
The use of English is frequent among young people under 25. English is the predominant second language and is in the school curriculum from the first grade. Roughly 90% of 15- to 21-year-olds speak English with other Danes at least once per week. Youth code switch from Danish to English with friends and classmates. English phrases or words are spoken in between Danish words. Codeswitching is a marker of youth identity and sign of opposition to adult culture. Youth use their language style to differ from adults.
Comparison of Norwegian Bokmål and Standard Danish
The Danish diphthongs and (spelled as "ej" and "øj") correspond to the Norwegian diphthongs (in Oslo pronunciation) and (spelled as "ei" and "øy"). Besides that, a great many letter combinations are pronounced as diphthongs in Danish, but as usual vowel-consonant combinations in Norwegian. That is mostly due to the Danish letters "g" and "v" (colloquially also "b") being pronounced as semivowels and after a vowel: thus, "dag" (day) is pronounced in Danish, but in Norwegian; "lov" (law) is pronounced in Danish, but in Norwegian. Similarly, and are often spelled as "eg" and "øg" in Danish ("eg" may be pronounced in Norwegian, too, e.g. in "regne", "to rain"). The Danish pronunciation is therefore, as with "a" above, closer to English, while the Norwegian is more conservative, closer to its spelling.The most notable differences are, as already mentioned, the pronunciation of approximants in Danish, corresponding to voiced and voiceless stops in Norwegian and of "r" as a uvu-pharyngeal approximant in Danish, corresponding to an alveolar trill in (East) Norwegian ("skrige", "shriek" vs "skrike"). Furthermore, Danish has replaced the voiced/voiceless opposition in ) vs ) with an aspirated/nonaspirated one ( vs ), and the contrast between the two is neutralized syllable-finally and before schwa (in practice, in the core of native words, this means it is lost everywhere except word-initially). Thus, "begge" (both) and "bække" (brooks) are pronounced alike as . In Norwegian, the opposition is still voiced vs voiceless and it is preserved everywhere, with being aspirated in the onset of a stressed syllable (as in English and German).
The Danish is either vocalized or dropped altogether, after having influenced the adjacent vowels, in all positions but word-initially and pre-stress, making the Danish "r" very similar to the standard German "r". Also, note the Danish pronunciation of initial "t" as , displaying a hint of the High German consonant shift wherein German changed "t" to "z"/"tz" (cf. Danish "tid", German "Zeit").