Cutaneous respiration
The skin of amphibians is a major site of respiration in all species for which measurements are available. Cutaneous respiration is the sole respiratory mode of lungless salamanders (family Plethodontidae) which lack lungs entirely yet constitute the largest family of salamanders. Cutaneous respiration in frogs and other amphibians may be the primary respiratory mode during colder temperatures.
Italian crested newt
Respiration in newts can take place through the skin, the lungs, or the buccal cavity, but newts mainly respire through the skin due to the fact that the buccal cavity and lungs are poorly vascularized. However, when "T. carnifex" are placed in poorly oxygenized water, they switch their primary respiratory surface from skin to lungs. Through further tests it was shown that "T. carnifex" can stay under water for long periods of time by using their skin to respire, but when they become active they must switch and usetilize their lungs or buccal cavity. Eddy and McDonald (1977) also discovered that many nsetilize their lungs to help regulate their buoyancy, similar to fish that use a swim bladder to aid in swimming.