Eurasian beaver
Eurasian beavers are one of the largest living species of rodents and are the largest rodent native to Eurasia. They weigh around . In Norway, adult males average while females average , while another study found adults from the same country to average . By the average weights known, the Eurasian beaver appears to be the world's second heaviest rodent behind the capybara, but averaging slightly larger and heavier than the North American beaver. While the largest specimen confirmed on record weighed , the Smithsonian has reported that this species can exceptionally exceed . Typically, the head-and-body length is and the tail length is .
Phoberomys pattersoni
An almost complete skeleton was discovered in the Urumaco Formation at Urumaco, Venezuela, in 2000. The new species was later classified with the name "Phoberomys pattersoni" in honor of palaeontologist Brian Patterson. From the fossil, researchers have been able to reconstruct its size and probable lifestyle. It was long, with a tail at , and probably weighed between ), making it for some years the largest known rodent for which good size and weight estimates were possible. Its congener "Phoberomys insolita" was a bit larger still, but it is not known from any reasonably complete remains, thus its size cannot be estimated more precisely.