IPLEDGE program
Although the goal of the program is to prevent pregnancies of women who take the drug, male patients must also participate in anti-pregnancy restrictions, primarily due to fears that male isotretinoin users might share their prescriptions with females without their physicians' knowledge. There has been no link to birth defects from Accutane associated with males using the drug, though male sexual dysfunction has been suggested by one study. As this has not been conclusively proven, this is not acknowledged as a side effect in the official literature accompanying the medication.
Proxalutamide
Proxalutamide (developmental code name GT-0918) is a nonsteroidal antiandrogen (NSAA) – specifically, a selective high-affinity silent antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR) – which is under development by Suzhou Kintor Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of prostate cancer. It inhibits AR-mediated gene transcription more potently than bicalutamide (by ~5- to 10-fold) and enzalutamide (by 2- to 5-fold) and maintains silent antagonism in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells. It has also been found to downregulate the AR, which could further confer it greater efficacy against CRPC compared to existing NSAAs. Unlike enzalutamide, the drug showed low central nervous system distribution and no induction of seizures in animals. As of 2017, it is in phase II clinical trials for prostate cancer. It is also in preclinical investigation for the treatment of AR-positive breast cancer.