Vorinostat
A recent study suggested that vorinostat also possesses some activity against recurrent glioblastoma multiforme, resulting in a median overall survival of 5.7 months (compared to 4–4.4 months in earlier studies). Further brain tumor trials are planned in which vorinostat will be combined with other drugs.
IDH1
Mutations in "IDH1" are also implicated in cancer. Originally, mutations in "IDH1" were detected in an integrated genomic analysis of human glioblastoma multiforme. Since then it has become clear that mutations in "IDH1" and its homologue "IDH2" are among the most frequent mutations in diffuse gliomas, including diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, oligoastrocytoma, anaplastic oligoastrocytoma, and secondary glioblastoma. Mutations in "IDH1" are often the first hit in the development of diffuse gliomas, suggesting "IDH1" mutations as key events in the formation of these brain tumors. Glioblastomas with a wild-type "IDH1" gene have a median overall survival of only 1 year, whereas "IDH1"-mutated glioblastoma patients have a median overall survival of over 2 years.